Accurate inversion of land surface evapotranspiration (ET) in arid areas is of great significance for understanding global eco-hydrological process and exploring the spatio-temporal variation and ecological response...Accurate inversion of land surface evapotranspiration (ET) in arid areas is of great significance for understanding global eco-hydrological process and exploring the spatio-temporal variation and ecological response of water resources. It is also important in the functional evaluation of regional water cycle and water balance, as well as the rational allocation and management of water resources. This study, based on model validation analysis at varied scales in fiwe Central Asian countries and China's Xinjiang, developed an appropriate approach for ET inversion in arid lands. The actual ET during growing seasons of the study area was defined, and the changes in water participating in evaporation in regional water cycle were then educed. The results show the simulation error of SEBS (Surface Energy Balance System) model under cloud amount consideration was 1.34% at 30-m spatial scale, 2.75% at 1-km spatial scale and 6,37% at 4-kin spatial scale. ET inversion for 1980-2007 applying SEBS model in the study area indicates: (1) the evaporation depth (May-September) by land types descends in the order of waters (660.24 ram) 〉 cultivated land (464.66 mm) 〉 woodland (388.44 mm) 〉 urbanized land (168.16 mm) 〉 grassland (160.48 mm) 〉 unused land (83.08 mm); and (2) ET during the 2005 growing season in Xinjiang and Central Asia was 2,168.68x108 m3 (with an evaporation/precipitation ratio of 1.05) and 9,741.03x108 m3 (with an evaporation/precipitation ratio of 1.4), respectively. The results unveiled the spatio-temporal variation rules of ET process in arid areas, providing a reference for further research on the water cycle and water balance in similar arid regions.展开更多
依据新疆地区53个雨量站1957-2009年日降水资料,根据研究需要,定义了8个极端降水指标。运用K-S法确定降水指标最适概率分布函数,确定10年一遇极端降水量值;在此基础上,采用Copula非参数估计方法,通过Akaike information criterion(AIC)...依据新疆地区53个雨量站1957-2009年日降水资料,根据研究需要,定义了8个极端降水指标。运用K-S法确定降水指标最适概率分布函数,确定10年一遇极端降水量值;在此基础上,采用Copula非参数估计方法,通过Akaike information criterion(AIC)法确定两降水指标联合分布函数,系统分析1980年以后极端降水单变量极值及降水极值二维联合概率分布特征变化的时空演变特征,研究结果表明:①新疆有湿润化趋势,北疆湿润化趋势比南疆显著;②从降水天数和极端降水天数角度来看,新疆极端强弱降水同时出现的概率减小,从极端降水雨量和强度来看新疆中部、南疆西部、北疆东部及北部极端强弱降水同时出现的可能性减小,而天山西部与南疆北部的可能性增加;③1980年后新疆地区发生涝的概率增大,发生旱的概率减少。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40730633 and 40571030)
文摘Accurate inversion of land surface evapotranspiration (ET) in arid areas is of great significance for understanding global eco-hydrological process and exploring the spatio-temporal variation and ecological response of water resources. It is also important in the functional evaluation of regional water cycle and water balance, as well as the rational allocation and management of water resources. This study, based on model validation analysis at varied scales in fiwe Central Asian countries and China's Xinjiang, developed an appropriate approach for ET inversion in arid lands. The actual ET during growing seasons of the study area was defined, and the changes in water participating in evaporation in regional water cycle were then educed. The results show the simulation error of SEBS (Surface Energy Balance System) model under cloud amount consideration was 1.34% at 30-m spatial scale, 2.75% at 1-km spatial scale and 6,37% at 4-kin spatial scale. ET inversion for 1980-2007 applying SEBS model in the study area indicates: (1) the evaporation depth (May-September) by land types descends in the order of waters (660.24 ram) 〉 cultivated land (464.66 mm) 〉 woodland (388.44 mm) 〉 urbanized land (168.16 mm) 〉 grassland (160.48 mm) 〉 unused land (83.08 mm); and (2) ET during the 2005 growing season in Xinjiang and Central Asia was 2,168.68x108 m3 (with an evaporation/precipitation ratio of 1.05) and 9,741.03x108 m3 (with an evaporation/precipitation ratio of 1.4), respectively. The results unveiled the spatio-temporal variation rules of ET process in arid areas, providing a reference for further research on the water cycle and water balance in similar arid regions.
文摘依据新疆地区53个雨量站1957-2009年日降水资料,根据研究需要,定义了8个极端降水指标。运用K-S法确定降水指标最适概率分布函数,确定10年一遇极端降水量值;在此基础上,采用Copula非参数估计方法,通过Akaike information criterion(AIC)法确定两降水指标联合分布函数,系统分析1980年以后极端降水单变量极值及降水极值二维联合概率分布特征变化的时空演变特征,研究结果表明:①新疆有湿润化趋势,北疆湿润化趋势比南疆显著;②从降水天数和极端降水天数角度来看,新疆极端强弱降水同时出现的概率减小,从极端降水雨量和强度来看新疆中部、南疆西部、北疆东部及北部极端强弱降水同时出现的可能性减小,而天山西部与南疆北部的可能性增加;③1980年后新疆地区发生涝的概率增大,发生旱的概率减少。