Objective:To identify the prevalence of Acanthamoeba in drinking water treatment plants during the course of the purification processes.Methods:Samples were taken from two drinking water purification plants and monito...Objective:To identify the prevalence of Acanthamoeba in drinking water treatment plants during the course of the purification processes.Methods:Samples were taken from two drinking water purification plants and monitored for the presence of Acanthamoeba in order to estimate the removal capacity of treatment methods employed. Water samples were collected at each step in the purification,during the one year survey,and analysed for the presence of Acanthamoeba spp.by plating on bacterial-seeded plates.Results:The results showed that amoebae were present in surface raw waters in 100%of the samples tested.Acanthamoeba spp.were isolated from 71%and 57%of the water samples collected from post flat-bottom clarifier 1 and post-sedimentation plant respectively.Considering the outflow drinking waters,the removal capacity was 100%in both purification plants monitored.The occurrence of Acanthamoeba was not associated with seasonality.Conclusion: These findings confirm that water purification plants employing methods of flocculation,sedimentation,and filtration in combination with activated charcoal filtration,ozonisation and chlorination exhibited sufficient Acanthamoeba removal capacity and the presence of amoebae in the tap water may be due to older plumbing,water storage tanks,tap water hygiene,and/or environmental settings.展开更多
Under artificially simulated conditions, the water purification effects of Lythrum salicaria, Typha minima, Scirpus validus, Iris wilsonii and their configurations were studied. The results showed that various aquatic...Under artificially simulated conditions, the water purification effects of Lythrum salicaria, Typha minima, Scirpus validus, Iris wilsonii and their configurations were studied. The results showed that various aquatic plants and their configurations showed purification effects for total nitrogen(TN), nitrate nitrogen(NO_3^-), total phosphorus(TP), orthophosphate(PO_4^(3-)) and chemical oxygen demand(COD) in water body, and the purification effects of aquatic plant configurations were better than those of single ones. Regression analysis was conducted for dynamics of various water quality indicators. The removal rates of TN and COD within 50 d by the combination of L. salicaria and I. wilsonii were 73.83% and 77.4%, respectively, with the best purification effect; the removal rate of NO_3^- within 20 d by the combination of S. validus and I. wilsonii was 89.41%; and the combination of S. validus and I. wilsonii showed the best removal effect for TP and PO43-, of which the 50-d removal rates were 88.98% and 92.39%, respectively. Reasonable choice of local aquatic plants and their optimal combinations can be applied in the improvement of water quality of rivers.展开更多
Podgorica the capital of Montenegro has 210,000 inhabitants. There is a well-resolved issue of water supply with quality drinking water. It is very important to mention that in 1978, Podgorica had built a wastewater t...Podgorica the capital of Montenegro has 210,000 inhabitants. There is a well-resolved issue of water supply with quality drinking water. It is very important to mention that in 1978, Podgorica had built a wastewater treatment plant. The capacity of the built plant is 55,000 PE, which is inadequate to process already connected 119,000 PE. The capacity of the new planned plant is for 235,000 PE in 2040. The future plant will be built at a new location in the industrial zone of＂KAPP＂ （Aluminum plant Podgorica）. The new plant will be a unique system in which three plants will be built for purification of waste water, a treatment plant for the sludge in order to obtain biogas, that is, electricity and hot water, and a plant for the incineration of the sludge residue in the fluidizing layer. It is planned that the purified water-effluent that flows into the recipient-Mora^a River is A1 class. It is water that can be used for bathing and watering agricultural products. Taking into account that this is a sensitive area, in this way, Skadar Lake will be protected from the impact of municipal wastewater. Eliminating odors are foreseen for all three plants. It is also planned the destruction of pathogenic bacteria by UV rays. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that the optimum available technology is selected for the new plant, which will provide the maximum protection of the recipient-river Mora^a, the Skadar Lake as a national park and the land of the Zeta Plain.展开更多
基金support provided by Three Valleys Water,UKVeolia Water, UK.funded by the Life Sciences Research Grant,University of London
文摘Objective:To identify the prevalence of Acanthamoeba in drinking water treatment plants during the course of the purification processes.Methods:Samples were taken from two drinking water purification plants and monitored for the presence of Acanthamoeba in order to estimate the removal capacity of treatment methods employed. Water samples were collected at each step in the purification,during the one year survey,and analysed for the presence of Acanthamoeba spp.by plating on bacterial-seeded plates.Results:The results showed that amoebae were present in surface raw waters in 100%of the samples tested.Acanthamoeba spp.were isolated from 71%and 57%of the water samples collected from post flat-bottom clarifier 1 and post-sedimentation plant respectively.Considering the outflow drinking waters,the removal capacity was 100%in both purification plants monitored.The occurrence of Acanthamoeba was not associated with seasonality.Conclusion: These findings confirm that water purification plants employing methods of flocculation,sedimentation,and filtration in combination with activated charcoal filtration,ozonisation and chlorination exhibited sufficient Acanthamoeba removal capacity and the presence of amoebae in the tap water may be due to older plumbing,water storage tanks,tap water hygiene,and/or environmental settings.
基金Sponsored by Key Technology Research and Development Program of Hebei Province(15227652D)Dynamic Control Technology of Sandy Land Protection Forest System Structure in Northern North China(2016YFC0500802-06)
文摘Under artificially simulated conditions, the water purification effects of Lythrum salicaria, Typha minima, Scirpus validus, Iris wilsonii and their configurations were studied. The results showed that various aquatic plants and their configurations showed purification effects for total nitrogen(TN), nitrate nitrogen(NO_3^-), total phosphorus(TP), orthophosphate(PO_4^(3-)) and chemical oxygen demand(COD) in water body, and the purification effects of aquatic plant configurations were better than those of single ones. Regression analysis was conducted for dynamics of various water quality indicators. The removal rates of TN and COD within 50 d by the combination of L. salicaria and I. wilsonii were 73.83% and 77.4%, respectively, with the best purification effect; the removal rate of NO_3^- within 20 d by the combination of S. validus and I. wilsonii was 89.41%; and the combination of S. validus and I. wilsonii showed the best removal effect for TP and PO43-, of which the 50-d removal rates were 88.98% and 92.39%, respectively. Reasonable choice of local aquatic plants and their optimal combinations can be applied in the improvement of water quality of rivers.
文摘Podgorica the capital of Montenegro has 210,000 inhabitants. There is a well-resolved issue of water supply with quality drinking water. It is very important to mention that in 1978, Podgorica had built a wastewater treatment plant. The capacity of the built plant is 55,000 PE, which is inadequate to process already connected 119,000 PE. The capacity of the new planned plant is for 235,000 PE in 2040. The future plant will be built at a new location in the industrial zone of＂KAPP＂ （Aluminum plant Podgorica）. The new plant will be a unique system in which three plants will be built for purification of waste water, a treatment plant for the sludge in order to obtain biogas, that is, electricity and hot water, and a plant for the incineration of the sludge residue in the fluidizing layer. It is planned that the purified water-effluent that flows into the recipient-Mora^a River is A1 class. It is water that can be used for bathing and watering agricultural products. Taking into account that this is a sensitive area, in this way, Skadar Lake will be protected from the impact of municipal wastewater. Eliminating odors are foreseen for all three plants. It is also planned the destruction of pathogenic bacteria by UV rays. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that the optimum available technology is selected for the new plant, which will provide the maximum protection of the recipient-river Mora^a, the Skadar Lake as a national park and the land of the Zeta Plain.
