Planning and construction of Xiong’an New Area(city of over 5 million people):Contributions of China’s geologists and urban geology

China established Xiong’an New Area in Hebei Province in 2017,which is planned to accommodate about 5 million people,aiming to relieve Beijing City of the functions non-essential to its role as China’s capital and to expedite the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.From 2017 to 2021,the China Geological Survey(CGS)took the lead in multi-factor urban geological surveys involving space,resources,environments,and disasters according to the general requirements of“global vision,international standards,distinctive Chinese features,and future-oriented goals”in Xiong’an New Area,identifying the engineering geologic conditions and geologic environmental challenges of this area.The achievements also include a 3D engineering geological structure model for the whole area,along with“one city proper and five clusters”,insights into the ecology and the background endowment of natural resources like land,geothermal resources,groundwater,and wetland of the area before engineering construction,a comprehensive monitoring network of resources and environments in the area,and the“Transparent Xiong’an”geological information platform that is open,shared,dynamically updated,and three-dimensionally visualized.China’s geologists and urban geology have played a significant role in the urban planning and construction of Xiong’an New Area,providing whole-process geological solutions for urban planning,construction,operation and management.The future urban construction of Xiong’an New Area will necessitate the theoretical and technical support of earth system science(ESS)from various aspects,and the purpose is to enhance the resilience of the new type of city and to provide support for the green,low-carbon,and sustainable development of this area.

Influence of underground space development mode on the groundwater flow field in Xiong’an new area

The degree and scale of underground space development are growing with the continuous advancement of urbanization in China.The lack of research on the change of the groundwater flow field before and after the development of underground space has led to various problems in the process of underground space development and operation.This paper took the key development zone of the Xiong’an New Area as the study area,and used the Groundwater modeling system software(GMS)to analyse the influence on the groundwater flow field under the point,line,and surface development modes.The main results showed that the underground space development would lead to the expansion and deepening of the cone of depression in the aquifer.The groundwater level on the upstream face of the underground structure would rise,while the water level on the downstream face would drop.The“line”concurrent development has the least impact on the groundwater flow field,and the maximum rise of water level on the upstream side of the underground structure is expected to be approximately 3.05 m.The“surface”development has the greatest impact on the groundwater flow field,and the maximum rise of water level is expected to be 7.17 m.

Hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater and pore-water and the paleoenvironmental evolution in the past 3.10 Ma in the Xiong’an New Area,North China

The groundwater level has been continuously decreasing due to climate change and long-time overexploitation in the Xiong’an New Area,North China,which caused the enhanced mixing of groundwater in different aquifers and significant changes in regional groundwater chemistry characteristics.In this study,groundwater and sediment pore-water in drilling cores obtained from a 600 m borehole were investigated to evaluate hydrogeochemical processes in shallow and deep aquifers and paleo-environmental evolution in the past ca.3.10 Ma.Results showed that there was no obvious change overall in chemical composition along the direction of groundwater runoff,but different hydrochemical processes occurred in shallow and deep groundwater in the vertical direction.Shallow groundwater(<150 m)in the Xiong’an New Area was characterized by high salinity(TDS>1000 mg/L)and high concentrations of Mn and Fe,while deep groundwater had better water quality with lower salinity.The high TDS values mostly occurred in aquifers with depth<70 m and>500 m below land surface.Water isotopes showed that aquifer pore-water mostly originated from meteoric water under the influence of evaporation,and aquitard pore-water belonged to Paleo meteoric water.In addition,the evolution of the paleoclimate since 3.10 Ma BP was reconstructed,and four climate periods were determined by theδ18O profiles of pore-water and sporopollen records from sediments at different depths.It can be inferred that the Quaternary Pleistocene(0.78‒2.58 Ma BP)was dominated by the cold and dry climate of the glacial period,with three interglacial intervals of warm and humid climate.What’s more,this study demonstrates the possibilities of the applications of pore-water on the hydrogeochemical study and further supports the finding that pore-water could retain the feature of paleo-sedimentary water.

Land Subsidence in Xiong’an New Area,China Revealed by InSAR Observations

In 2017,China’s central government approved the national strategy to build Xiong’an New Area(XNA,100 km southwest to Beijing),which was announced as a"millennium strategy"and a"demo area"for a sustainable,modern,and innovative urban model.Xiong’an will draw in as much as$380 billion investment and is expected to help accelerate the development of the wider Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(Jingjinji)Area.In this paper,present subsidence in the XNA area is investigated using InSAR observations for the first time.The 24 SAR images acquired by European Space Agency’s Sentinel-1 satellites during the period from June 2017 to July 2018 suggest that in the north of Xiong County,the subsidence rate reaches up to 90 mm/y,which is highly correlated with the exploitation of geothermal drilling.As the construction in the XNA area will significantly accelerate and its high-quality development,the InSAR findings could provide valuable information for future sustainable urban planning and underground infrastructure construction.

The Importance of Environmental English Public Signs to Xiong’an New Area’s Ecological Environment in China

With the establishment and development of Xiong’an New Area in China, more foreign industries and visitors will be attracted to come here. Investigations made in our study show that the environmental English public signs are very important. They can offer directions for foreigners who can’t understand Chinese well because they have these three functions: indication, suggestion and prohibition. In order to help Xiong’an New Area play its “eco card”, the translators are supposed to attach great importance to the translation of environmental English public signs.

Analysis of Air Pollutants in Xiong’an New Area Based on MATLAB Grey Model

The purpose of this paper is to study the air pollutants in Xiong’an New Area based on MATLAB grey model [1]. From 2011 to 2016, the results of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and inhalable particulate matter (PM1O) detected at monitoring points in the three counties of Xiong’an were analyzed. According to the national environmental air quality standard [2], the air quality in Xiong’an New Area was reasonably evaluated based on grey model in MATLAB. Judging from the weight of pollution factors in the model, sulfur dioxide (SO2) is the controlling factor of air quality in Xiong’an New Area, and the weight of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gradually increases. The main sources of the three pollutants were obtained by comprehensive data analysis, and a grey model was established according to the mass concentration of the main air pollutants, and the grey forecasting model was tested. The experimental results show that the model can be effectively applied to the forecasting of ambient air quality. On this basis, the present situation of atmospheric environmental quality in Xiong’an New Area and suggestions for improvement are obtained.

3-D geologic architecture of Xiong＇an New Area： Constraints from seismic reflection data

Studying the geologic architecture of the Xiong'an New Area will provide important basis for the evaluation of crustal stability, urban planning and infrastructural projects in this region, and it is also of great significance in exploring the occurrence of oil and gas, geothermal, hot dry rock and other resources. The stratigraphic system of the study area is established by using latest high quality seismic reflection and deep borehole data. Characteristics of the major faults developed in the study area are finely depicted with the method of structural analysis. Tectonic evolution of Xiong'an and adjacent areas is reconstructed by using balanced geological cross-section technique. The tectonic activity of the study area is discussed on the basis of the development of secondary faults and the distribution of active earthquakes across the region. This study demonstrates that Xiong'an New Area is located at the transfer zone of the central and northern Jizhong Depression. There are three regional unconformities developed in this area, by which four structural layers are sub-divided. Controlled by the Taihang Mountain piedmont fault, the Daxing fault, the Rongcheng fault and the Niudong fault, the structural framework of the study area is characterized by intervening highs with sags. This structural pattern has an important controlling over the reservoir characteristics, hydrocarbon accumulation and the distribution of geothermal resources and hot dry rock within this region. Rifting in this area began in the early Paleogene, exhibiting typical episodic character and became inactive in Neogene. The development feature of secondary faults along with the distribution of active earthquakes indicate that Xiong'an New Area has been in a relatively stable tectonic setting since the Neogene, while the Baxian Sag and other structural units to the east of it have obviously been in a rather active environment.

Where Should the Start Zone Be Located for Xiong'an New Area? A Land Use Perspective

China announced plans on April 1,2017 to create Xiong＇an New Area,a new economic zone about 110 km southwest of Beijing.The new area of national significance covers the three counties of Xiongxian,Rongcheng and Anxin in Hebei Province,and is home to Baiyangdian,a major wetland in northern China.It will cover around 100 km2 initially（called ＂Starting Zone＂） and will be expanded to 200 km2 in the mid-term and about 2000 km2 in the long term.In this context,it is important to assess the land use pattern for the new area＇s planning and development.Based on remote sensing interpretation of Landsat OLI images,we examine the current land use features,the potential for built-up land saving and intensive use,and the spatial variation of arable land quality.The results indicate that the arable lands,built-up lands and wetlands account for around 60%,20% and 10%,respectively.The potential for rural built-up land saving and intensive use is quite large.The arable land quality and use intensity in Rongcheng and Anxin counties are much better than that of Xiongxian.The pros and cons for three potential options for the Starting Zone are listed and compared.The eastern area of Rongcheng county,to the north of Baiyangdian,is believed to be the most suitable Starting Zone.Policy recommendations for built-up land expansion,farmland saving and flood risk mitigation for Xiong＇an New Area are also proposed in this paper.

雄安站型钢混凝土梁水化反应施工监测分析

以雄安新区高铁站站房承轨层A区结构为工程背景,对结构在施工过程中的温度及应变的变化规律展开研究。利用振弦式应变计对结构关键位置的型钢混凝土梁在施工过程中应变和温度的变化情况进行了施工监测。介绍监测的目的意义、所用的仪器设备以及监测方案;对监测得到的应变和温度数据进行了整理和研究,揭示了其在施工过程中的变化规律,得出了水化反应中混凝土的应变和温度呈正相关的结论。

雄安新区低碳发展策略研究——基于深圳特区、浦东新区、滨海新区的低碳发展实践

首先介绍雄安新区设立的时代背景及其低碳建设的现实意义,然后分析深圳特区、浦东新区、滨海新区的低碳发展历程。三地的实践表明,改革创新、高端定位、积极试点示范、绿色发展是其共有特点,三地也存在高碳锁定、转型成本高、产城分离、生态破坏等问题。最后,结合雄安新区的发展现状,从碳预算管理、低碳产业体系和能源体系构建、低碳交通体系推广、水资源管理等层面提出未来雄安新区低碳发展的策略。

电法精细探测在雄安新区的应用展望

从国家建设雄安新区的目的标准及措施看,对浅层地球物理的探测标准和水平提到了史上最严、精度最高的世界级标准。为此,本文对电法勘探中的高密度电阻率法及中国科学院自主研发的多通道大功率电法系统这两种方法进行了对比与总结,并对这两种方法在雄安新区的应用和进一步创新进行了展望。由于这两种方法都采用仿反射地震勘探方法的布极方式,一次性布设电极,通过改变电源的位置,得到一条剖面下由浅到深多个点的高密度电法资料,因此,横向分辨率都较同类方法高。通过这两种方法相结合的方式,可获得由浅入深不同垂向分辨率的电法资料,从而实现电法的精细探测,有望为雄安新区建设中遇到的水文、地质构造等勘查任务提供物探方法支撑。

雄安新区高技术产业发展研究

雄安新区的定位之一是＂创新驱动发展引领区＂,这就需要一批高技术企业在新区集聚发展。本文遵循空间层级递降、从空间到产业的逻辑,通过多中心理论、区域创新系统理论以及主导产业选择理论并总结借鉴美国尔湾、以色列特拉维夫以及日本筑波等国际科技型新城建设经验来探讨雄安实践。雄安新区承接和发展高技术产业既有有利条件,又存在制约因素,需要在明确雄安新区以京津冀中心城市和河北省一级中心城市定位基础上,注重区域创新系统的整体建设,谋划布局高技术产业,并在建设过程中逐渐强化市场作用。

雄安新区交通运输高质量发展标准体系构建

雄安新区交通运输高质量发展要求其标准体系的构建更严格、更先进。为突破当前标准体系以定性研究为主的局限性,在定性研究的基础上,通过量化分析研究了构建雄安新区交通运输高质量发展标准体系的方法。首先,以需求为导向,通过定性研究及标准比对的方法构建雄安新区交通运输高质量发展标准体系。其次,运用模糊综合评价法对标准体系进行评价验证。结果表明,该标准体系的综合评价值为8.856,总体上对于雄安新区交通运输高质量发展具有良好的支撑作用。最后,通过评价分析进一步明确了雄安新区交通运输各领域建设发展的重要程度,并提出标准体系内容的优化建议。研究成果加强了标准体系构建的科学性和对交通运输高质量发展的支撑作用。

创新驱动雄安新区传统产业转型升级的路径

雄安新区上升为国家战略后,资源环境约束进一步强化,产业转型升级迫在眉睫。探讨了产业转型升级的几个基本共识,分析了雄安新区产业发展现状和问题,并从大力发展总部经济、攀升产业价值链高端、推进产业转移升级、培育壮大高端高新产业、创新产业扶持政策、重视人力资本投入和加大政策配套力度等几个方面提出具体对策建议。

基于“三生空间”的雄安新区土地利用功能转型与生态环境效应研究

基于“三生空间”土地利用功能转型与生态环境效应的研究是雄安新区完善区域生态功能的理论基石。从雄安新区“生产—生活—生态”的土地利用功能分类入手,解译1988、1998、2008和2018年4期遥感影像获取雄安新区土地利用变化数据,计算生态环境质量指数和土地利用转型生态贡献率,定量分析雄安新区“三生空间”的时空演变及其功能转型的生态环境效应。研究表明:①1988—2018年,雄安新区土地利用变化主要表现为生活用地面积持续增加,共计增加了82.35 km2,生产用地面积先升后降,累计增加了50.34 km2,生态用地面积大幅下降,共计减少了132.70 km2。②雄安新区土地利用功能转型转出面积最大的为水域生态用地,转出面积共计94.36 km2,占总转出面积的41.06%,转入面积最大的是农业生产用地,共计135.91 km2,占总转入面积的近三分之二,其他它用地类型均有一定程度的相互转换。③雄安新区生态环境质量指数呈现波动减少的变化趋势。沙地等生态质量指数较低的其他生态用地转入农业生产用地是雄安新区生态环境质量改善的主导因素,占生态环境正效应贡献率的67.04%;农业生产用地以及城镇和农村生活用地对水域生态用地的占用,则是导致生态环境质量恶化的重要因素,占到生态环境负效应贡献率的75%以上。总体看来,过去三十年雄安新区生态环境恶化趋势大于生态环境改善趋势。因此,定量研究过去30年土地利用功能转型特征及其生态环境效应演变规律,有助于为雄安新区生态文明建设的推进提供数据支撑。

雄安新区城市水系结构规划分析

合理的水系结构是维持城市健康绿色发展的重要基础条件之一。雄安新区起步区内没有天然水系,当前迫切需要规划科学合理的城市水系。选取河道宽度、河段长度、河网密度、水面率、河网发育系数等水系结构重要指标,在现有典型城区城市水系相似性分析的基础上,确定起步区城市水系平面结构,然后利用SWMM模型对水系垂向结构和防洪安全进行检验,对规划水系进行溢流风险识别,设置水系调蓄空间。结果表明:(1)城市三级河流的分布受研究区降雨的影响较大,降雨量越大,所需三级河流的密度就越高,起步区的三级河流水系密度取值0.5,主要分布在起步区北部;起步区南部是溢流高风险区,地势低洼,设置调蓄湖泊。(2)起步区规划水系的结构稳定性较高,二、三级河流的河网发育系数分别为1.030和0.872,数值均趋近于1,避免河网主干化;一、二级河流断面为复式断面,上部为梯形浅滩,下部为矩形深槽,三级河流选为矩形断面,不设浅滩。(3)起步区水系的水面积率为7.28%,与区域和城市定位要求相一致。研究结果可为雄安新区构建健康安全的城市水系提供科学参考。

京津冀协同发展的新支点:雄安新区分析

雄安新区作为京津冀协同发展的新支点,有其特殊的功能和作用,它补齐了"京三角"的顶角,是"京三角"的关键支撑,代表着京津冀协同发展的新动力、新机制,也标志着京津冀协同发展的新阶段,它将为中国经济发展培育出下一个健康、快速增长的核心区域。文章从雄安新区设立与京津冀协同发展的理论分析入手,借鉴国外新都设立经验,提出了雄安新区的发展路径,最后,对新支点——雄安新区进行了价值分析。

“一带一路”、京津冀协同、雄安新区关系研究

"一带一路"倡议并非是另起炉灶,而是继续遵循分工和市场规模范围效益理论,强化分工,实现既有全球化模式无法实现的市场规模与范围效益,向全球推广对外开放的中国模式。"一带一路"与京津冀协同发展支撑理论都是分工与市场规模范围效益最大化理论。雄安新区的设立,最主要的目标就是纠正北京在过去形成的不利于首都功能形成与发展的生产力错置,通过设立新区集中疏解非首都功能,实现京津冀地区的经济社会可持续协同发展。

雄安新区建设:背景、功能与展望

从区域经济学的角度出发来看,雄安新区设立的基础作用在于"疏解北京非首都功能"、"调整优化京津冀城市布局和空间结构"。从京津冀区域协调发展的角度来看,雄安新区将形成新的经济增长极,促进区域内经济的协同发展。除此之外,站在我国国民经济发展的全局和当前国内的经济政治局势出发,作为"创新驱动发展新引擎",雄安新区更将成为实现我国经济南北平衡的突破口。雄安新区的发展与建设仍然面临着资金短缺以及自然资源瓶颈等各方面的挑战。要使雄安新区承担起"千年大计、国家大事"的历史使命,大体需要20年时间进行建设。

新形势下的总体城市设计思路探讨

在城市设计变革语境下,总体城市设计工作将迎来新的发展趋势与创新需求。文章重点对近年来开展的上海市静安区、江苏省启东市新城区、河北省雄安新区雄东片区3个城市设计项目进行比较分析,探讨新形势下总体城市设计的思路,以共享实践经验、提供思路借鉴。