Enhancement of photoluminescence of Ba_2SiO_4:Eu^(2+) by co-doping of La^(3+) or Y^(3+)

Green light-emitting Ba2SiO4：Eu^2＋ phosphors co-doped with La or Y were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction technique in reductive atmosphere（a mixture of 5% H2 and 95% N2）.The results showed that the co-doping of La and Y could greatly enhance the fluorescence intensity of Ba2SiO4：Eu2＋ phosphors.The optimum doping concentration expressed by the x value in（Ba0.985-1.5xREx）2SiO4：0.03Eu^2＋（RE=La or Y） was determined to be of 0.05.The excitation and emission peaks of all as-synthesized phosphors were wide bands.The excitation bands ranged from 250 to 400 nm, which matched well with the wavelength of near ultraviolet white light-emitting diodes（LED） chip and could be used as a potential candidate for the fabrication of white LED.The emission bands from 450 to 550 nm were typical 5d-4f transition emission of Eu^2＋ and displayed un-symmetry profiles because of the two substitution sites of Ba^2＋ with Eu^2＋.

Boosting electrocatalytic activity for CO_(2) reduction on nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts by co-doping with phosphorus

Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)(CERR)to value-added chemicals is an attractive strategy for greenhouse gas mitigation,and carbon recycles utilization.Conventional metal catalysts suffered from low durability and sluggish kinetics impede the practical application.On the other hand,doped carbon materials recently demonstrate superior catalytic performance in CERR,which shows the potential to diminish the problems of metal catalysts to some extent.Herein,we present the design and fabrication of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)co-doped metal-free carbon materials as an efficient and stable electrocatalyst for reduction of CO_(2) to CO,which exhibits an excellent performance with a high faradaic efficiency of 92%(-0.55 V vs.RHE)and up to 24 h stability.A series of characterizations including TEM and XPS verified that nitrogen and phosphorous are successfully incorporated into the carbon matrix.Moreover,the comparisons between co-doping and single doping catalysts reveal that co-doping can significantly increase CERR performance.The improved catalytic activity is attributed to the synergetic effects between nitrogen and phosphorous dopants,which effectively modulate properties of the active site.The density functional theory(DFT)calculations were also performed to understand the synergy effects of dopants.It is revealed that the phosphorous doping can significantly lower the Gibbs free energy of COOH^(*)formation.Moreover,the introduction of the second dopants phosphorous can reduce the reaction barrier along the reaction path and cause polarization of density of states at the Fermi level.These changes can greatly enhance the activity of the catalysts.From a combined experimental and computational exploration,current work provides valuable insights into the reaction mechanism of CERR on N,P co-doped carbon catalysts,and the influence from synergy effects between dopants,which paves the way for the rational design of novel metal-free catalysts for CO2 electro-reduction.

Theoretical study on the improvement of the doping efficiency of Al in 4H-SiC by co-doping group-IVB elements

The p-type doping efficiency of 4 H silicon carbide(4 H-SiC)is rather low due to the large ionization energies of p-type dopants.Such an issue impedes the exploration of the full advantage of 4 H-SiC for semiconductor devices.In this study,we show that co-doping group-IVB elements effectively decreases the ionization energy of the most widely used p-type dopant,i.e.,aluminum(Al),through the defect-level repulsion between the energy levels of group-IVB elements and that of Al in 4 H-SiC.Among group-IVB elements Ti has the most prominent effectiveness.Ti decreases the ionization energy of Al by nearly 50%,leading to a value as low as~0.13 eV.As a result,the ionization rate of Al with Ti co-doping is up to~5 times larger than that without co-doping at room temperature when the doping concentration is up to 10^(18)cm^(-3).This work may encourage the experimental co-doping of group-IVB elements such as Ti and Al to significantly improve the p-type doping efficiency of 4 H-SiC.

Efficiently enhanced energy storage performance of Ba_(2)Bi_(4)Ti_(5)O_(18) film by co-doping Fe^(3+)and Ta^(5+)ion with larger radius

We present an efficient strategy,that is the co-substitution of Fe^(3+)and Ta^(5+)ions with large radius for Ti^(4+)ion,to enhance energy storage performance of Ba_(2)Bi_(4)Ti_(5)O_(18) film.For the films co-doped with Fe^(3+)and Ta^(5+)ions,the maximum polarization under the same external electric field is improved because the radius of Fe^(3+)and Ta^(5+)ions is larger than that of Ti^(4+)ion.Moreover,due to the composition and chemical disorder,the relaxor properties are also slightly improved,which can not be achieved by the film doped with Fe^(3+)ions only.What is more,for the films doped with Fe^(3+)ion only,the leakage current density increases greatly due to the charge imbalance,resulting in a significant decrease in breakdown strength.It is worth mentioning that the breakdown strength of Fe^(3+)and Ta^(5+)ions co-doped film does not decrease due to the charge balance.Another important point is the recoverable energy storage density of the films co-doped with Fe^(3+)and Ta^(5+)ions has been greatly improved based on the fact that the maximum external electric field does not decrease and the maximum polarization under the same external electric field increases.On top of that,the hysteresis of the polarization has also been improved.Finally,the co-doped films with Fe^(3+)and Ta^(5+)ions have good frequency and temperature stability.

Regulating interfacial chemistry and kinetic behaviors of F/Mo co-doping Ni-rich layered oxide cathode for long-cycling lithium-ion batteries over-20°C-60°C

Ni-rich layered oxide cathodes have shown promise for high-energy lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)but are usually limited to mild environments because of their rapid performance degradation under extreme temperature conditions(below0°C and above 50 °C).Here,we report the design of F/Mo co-doped LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(FMNCM)cathode for high-performance LIBs from-20 to 60°C.F^(-) doping with high electronegativity into the cathode surface is found to enhance the stability of surface lattice structure and protect the interface from side reactions with the electrolyte by generating a LiF-rich surface layer.Concurrently,the Mo^(6+) doping suppresses phase transition,which blocks Li^(+)/Ni^(2+) mixing,and stabilizes lithium-ion diffusion pathway.Remarkably,the FMNCM cathode demonstrates excellent cycling stability at a high cutoff voltage of 4.4 V,even at 60°C,maintaining 90.6%capacity retention at 3 C after 150 cycles.Additionally,at temperatures as low as-20°C,it retains 77.1%of its room temperature capacity,achieving an impressive 97.5%capacity retention after 500 cycles.Such stable operation under wide temperatures has been further validated in practical Ah-level pouch-cells.This study sheds light on both fundamental mechanisms and practical implications for the design of advanced cathode materials for wide-temperature LIBs,presenting a promising path towards high-energy and long-cycling LIBs with temperatureadaptability.

Vacancy defect MoSeTe embedded in N and F co-doped carbon skeleton for high performance sodium ion batteries and hybrid capacitors

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) and hybrid capacitors(SIHCs) have garnered significant attention in energy storage due to their inherent advantages,including high energy density,cost-effectiveness,and enhanced safety.However,developing high-performance anode materials to improve sodium storage performa nce still remains a major challenge.Here,a facile one-pot method has been developed to fabricate a hybrid of MoSeTe nanosheets implanted within the N,F co-doped honeycomb carbon skeleton(MoSeTe/N,F@C).Experimental results demonstrate that the incorporation of large-sized Te atoms into MoSeTe nanosheets enlarges the layer spacing and creates abundant anion vacancies,which effectively facilitate the insertion/extraction of Na^(+) and provide numerous ion adsorption sites for rapid surface capacitive behavior.Additionally,the heteroatoms N,F co-doped honeycomb carbon skeleton with a highly conductive network can restrain the volume expansion and boost reaction kinetics within the electrode.As anticipated,the MoSeTe/N,F@C anode exhibits high reversible capacities along with exceptional cycle stability.When coupled with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)@C(NVPF@C) to form SIB full cells,the anode delivers a reversible specific capacity of 126 mA h g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g^(-1).Furthermore,when combined with AC to form SIHC full cells,the anode demonstrates excellent cycling stability with a reversible specific capacity of50 mA h g^(-1) keeping over 3700 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1).In situ XRD,ex situ TEM characterization,and theoretical calculations(DFT) further confirm the reversibility of sodium storage in MoSeTe/N,F@C anode materials during electrochemical reactions,highlighting their potential for widespread practical application.This work provides new insights into the promising utilization of advanced transition metal dichalcogenides as anode materials for Na^(+)-based energy storage devices.

A bi-functional strategy involving surface coating and subsurface gradient co-doping for enhanced cycle stability of LiCoO_(2) at 4.6 V

Layered LiCoO_(2)(LCO)acts as a dominant cathode material for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)in 3C products because of its high compacted density and volumetric energy density.Although improving the high cutoff voltage is an effective strategy to increase its capacity,such behavior would trigger rapid capacity decay due to the surface or/and structure degradation.Herein,we propose a bi-functional surface strategy involving constructing a robust spinel-like phase coating layer with great integrity and compatibility to LiCoO_(2) and modulating crystal lattice by anion and cation gradient co-doping at the subsurface.As a result,the modified LiCoO_(2)(AFM-LCO)shows a capacity retention of 80.9%after 500 cycles between 3.0and 4.6 V.The Al,F,Mg enriched spinel-like phase coating layer serves as a robust physical barrier to effectively inhibit the undesired side reactions between the electrolyte and the cathode.Meanwhile,the Al,F,Mg gradient co-doping significantly enhances the surficial structure stability,suppresses Co dissolution and oxygen release,providing a stable path for Li-ions mobility all through the long-term cycles.Thus,the surface bi-functional strategy is an effective method to synergistically improve the electrochemical performances of LCO at a high cut-off voltage of 4.6 V.

等臂双着丝粒Y染色体胎儿的产前诊断、遗传咨询与随访

目的分析5例等臂双着丝粒Y染色体[idic(Y)]胎儿的产前诊断、遗传咨询与随访结果,为idic(Y)胎儿的临床处理提供参考依据。方法选择2018年1月至2022年8月7347例有产前诊断指征的孕妇,采用常规G显带核型及染色体微阵列分析(CMA)技术检测胎儿羊水,并用荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术验证,亲代染色体核型溯源检测。遗传咨询后跟踪随访妊娠结局。结果共诊断新发的idic(Y)胎儿5例,其中例1胎儿为单纯的idic(Yq),例2~5均为idic(Yq)与X单体的嵌合体。产前超声提示5例胎儿均为男性,除例1胎儿伴双侧马蹄内翻足可能外,其余4例均未见明显结构畸形。结合超声结果并予以个性化咨询后,例1~2选择继续妊娠,例3~5均终止妊娠。随访例1患儿至4周岁,足内翻手术效果良好,轻度发育迟缓经康复训练后好转;随访例2患儿至2周岁,暂未见异常表型;例3已再次受孕并分娩1名健康女婴;例4~5仍在备孕中。结论细胞与分子遗传学技术的联合应用有助于产前诊断idic(Y)胎儿,合理的遗传咨询及长期随访可为其后续的临床诊疗提供重要依据。

NiW/介孔Y型分子筛催化剂上菲加氢裂化过程研究

为了实现对煤焦油中副产物多环芳烃菲的有效利用,采用等体积浸渍法制备了介孔Y型分子筛负载金属Ni、W催化剂,利用XRD、H2-TPR、BET、SEM-EDS对制备的催化剂进行表征分析,并在固定床反应器中考察催化剂上菲加氢裂化性能,探讨了反应过程中空速、气液比、温度、压力对催化剂积碳率、菲的转化率、液体收率及产物分布的影响.研究表明,增加空速和气液比会降低催化剂的积碳率,过高的反应温度会导致催化剂快速地积碳失活.通过定时采样对裂解产物分析得到菲在催化剂上的裂解率变化情况,同时也能反映出催化剂的稳定性.对反应过程条件优化得到的最优条件为:空速6 h^(-1),气液比750,温度400℃,压力6.5 MPa.此时,菲的裂解率可以稳定在99%以上,同时催化剂保持较高的稳定性,在4 h内未出现活性降低.

一种Y型延迟荧光分子及其蓝光和绿光OLED应用

以噻吨酮作为受体、3,6-(二咔唑基)三咔唑作为给体设计合成了一种具有延迟荧光特性的Y型分子(TX-TCz)。模拟计算表明化合物HOMO和LUMO能级完全分离且在苯环上存在较小的重叠,有助于获得小的S1和T1的能级差ΔEST。随着溶剂极性的增加,化合物发射峰发生明显的红移且由于电荷转移态和局域激发态的共存产生了双峰发射。在纯膜中TX-TCz的发射峰位于513 nm,量子产率为11.5%。基于低温下荧光和磷光发射峰,计算得到化合物的ΔEST为0.03 eV,并且检测到µs级的寿命,说明化合物具有延迟荧光发射。与此同时,化合物展示了良好的热稳定性能和电化学性能,有助于制备高性能OLED器件。其在掺杂浓度为5%(wt)的器件中展示了良好的蓝光性能,发射峰位于463 nm,最大外量子效率为1.53%;在非掺杂器件中展示了良好的绿光发射(522 nm),最大外量子效率达到1.81%。

Ru、Y对铸造高温合金与陶瓷界面反应的影响

在定向凝固炉中,采用相同的硅基陶瓷型芯,刚玉陶瓷型壳,熔炼工艺和定向凝固工艺制备了四种不同Ru、Y含量的单晶高温合金叶片,研究了组织稳定性提升元素Ru、抗氧化性增强元素Y对合金与陶瓷材料界面反应的影响。研究结果表明,合金中不含Ru、Y时,合金与型壳发生的界面反应主要为物理粘砂作用,未见合金元素与型壳发生明显的化学反应,合金与型芯发生轻微的界面反应,除了物理作用,还发生了Al与SiO2的化学反应。合金中添加Ru,对合金与型壳或型芯的界面反应无影响。合金中添加0.01%Y后,合金与陶瓷型壳或型芯的界面反应稍有增加,但由于其添加量较少,故影响较小。

Y型管式油水分离结构分离特性仿真分析

管式油水分离技术具有占地面积小、分离效率高、成本低等优点,基于管式油水分离原理,设计一种Y型管式油水分离结构,利用Fluent数值模拟软件,采用标准k-ε湍流模型和Mixture多相流模型,对Y型管内部流场特性以及外部参数对分离效率的影响进行了研究。结果表明,Y型管对流体扰动小,内部流场特性稳定不易产生涡流,能够实现油水分离,支管与主管交汇处存在油水分离现象;油水分离效率随着油滴粒径的增大而逐渐提高,油滴粒径越大越利于油相上浮聚集在Y型管上层,能有效提高油水分离效率;入口速度对油水分离效果的影响很大,速度越大,油相上浮时间越短,Y型管的分离效率越低;分离效率随支管分流比的增大而增大,当入口速度为0.5 m/s时,分流比超过0.4后,分离效率不再增加。研究结果为油水分离提供了新思路,可为Y型管的设计提供理论参考。

不同预时效挤压态Mg−Gd−Y−Zn−Zr合金的再结晶行为和强化机制

通过控制预时效时间制备3种不同状态的试样,研究不同预时效状态对挤压态Mg−9.5Gd−4Y−2.2Zn−0.5Zr(质量分数,%)合金的动态再结晶行为(DRX)和性能的影响。结果表明,欠时效挤压(UAE)样品的细晶体积分数为17.4%,而峰时效挤压(PAE)和过时效挤压(OAE)样品的细晶体积分数分别达到89.7%和50.4%。在晶粒内部和晶界处分布的致密、细小的β颗粒相通过粒子激发形核机制显著提高了形核位点和位错密度。然而,致密针状γ'相抑制位错滑移,延迟DRX形核。PEA和OAE样品中细小晶粒的差异归因于原始颗粒相的数量和尺寸的不同,而其拉伸性能的差异归因于不同的显微组织。由于晶界强化和析出强化机制的贡献更大,PAE样品具有更优异的拉伸性能。

球囊扩张引导术在恶性复杂气道狭窄Y型硅酮支架置入困难时的应用

目的探讨球囊扩张引导术在恶性复杂气道狭窄Y型硅酮支架置入困难治疗中的有效性及安全性。方法本文为观察性研究。回顾性选取2021年8月至2022年3月在济宁市第一人民医院呼吸介入诊疗中心诊断为重度气道狭窄经常规方法置入硅酮支架失败的患者6例。其中男4例,女2例,年龄(62±7)岁;单侧支气管狭窄伴隆突增宽3例,双侧主支气管狭窄伴隆突增宽3例;4例患者为肺部恶性肿瘤,2例患者为食管癌侵犯气道。在恶性复杂气道狭窄Y型硅酮支架置入过程中联合球囊扩张引导术。观察Y型硅酮支架置入成功率、术中及术后并发症等指标。结果6例患者均成功置入Y型硅酮支架,术中、术后均无并发症发生,无操作相关死亡病例。术后患者气道狭窄均解除,呼吸困难均明显缓解,呼吸困难分级由Ⅲ~Ⅳ级改善为0~Ⅱ级。结论球囊扩张引导术在恶性复杂气道狭窄Y型硅酮支架置入困难时应用安全、有效。

Y染色体微缺失检测试剂盒行业标准的建立

目的建立Y染色体微缺失检测试剂盒行业标准。方法选择9个厂家的Y染色体微缺失检测试剂盒,统一发放Y染色体微缺失检测参考品,按照拟定的行业标准,对外观、检测限、阳性参考品符合率、阴性参考品符合率和重复性项目进行验证。结果8个试剂盒的全部项目的检测结果均满足要求。检测限和阳性参考品符合率项目中,仅试剂盒8未检出AZFa微缺失,不满足要求。结论大部分验证结果均能满足拟定行标中的要求,表明行业标准各指标具有一定的合理性,可操作性强。Y染色体微缺失检测试剂盒行业标准的建立将有助于规范这类试剂盒发展,提升质量,并为监管提供技术支持。

贵州苗族非梗阻性无精男性3例的Y染色体微缺失及致病候选基因

目的研究贵州苗族无精症男性的Y染色体微缺失和致病候选基因突变。方法本研究招募苗族非梗阻性无精症男性3人,使用目标区域捕获测序及全外显子测序,分析注释到相关基因区域,解析苗族无精症男性的Y染色体微缺失及致病候选位点。结果3例苗族非梗阻性无精症患者中未发现Y染色体微缺失位点。全外显子测序结果发现USP9Y、CFTR、ZMYND15、DNAH1的突变位点,可能是苗族非梗阻性无精症的候选致病突变。结论贵州苗族男性Y染色体微缺失阴性的非梗阻性无精症可能具有特异的基因致病突变位点,在男性不育研究及临床中应引起关注。

超高压高低温条件下节流阀Y形圈的影响因素分析

为研究天然气设备中节流阀的Y形密封圈在超高压、高低温工况下的影响因素,选择PTFE及其4种改性材料作为密封材料,研究唇口过盈量、唇前角、唇后角对Y形密封圈静密封性能的影响。结果表明:Y形密封圈最大von Mises应力随唇口过盈量增加而减小,随唇前角和唇后角的增大先增加后减小;内唇最大接触应力随唇口过盈量、唇后角的增加而增大,随唇前角的增加先增大后减小。选取密封圈宽度、基体高度、唇尖高度、唇前角、唇后角5个参数,采用ISIGHT软件对各参数进行灵敏度分析。结果表明:密封圈宽度及基体高度对Y形密封圈最大Mises应力及内唇接触应力影响最大。通过多岛遗传算法获得密封圈的优化尺寸,通过试验验证理论设计结果。

Y因子法测量天线噪声温度的不确定性分析

介绍了Y因子法测量天线噪声温度的原理方法,分析了常温负载和低噪声放大器噪声温度的不确定性对天线噪声温度测量的影响,推导了天线噪声温度测量的绝对误差计算公式,研究了低噪声放大器噪声温度对天线噪声温度测量精度的影响,提出了改善天线噪声温度测量精度的方法。最后,给出了65 m射电望远镜天线L波段、C波段和X波段噪声温度测量结果。测量结果的误差分析表明:65 m射电望远镜天线噪声温度测量的绝对误差≤±2.48 K。

Y/Al-5Ti-1B复合变质对Al-7Si合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

在传统铸造Al-Si合金中存在的粗大树枝晶α-Al相以及针状共晶Si严重割裂基体,显著降低合金的力学性能。为细化Al-Si合金的组织,提升其力学性能,本文使用扫描电镜(SEM)、电子探针(EPMA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)以及万能材料试验机,研究了不同添加量Y/Al-5Ti-1B变质剂(Al-5Ti-1B均为2%,稀土Y分别为0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%、0.4%、0.5%,质量分数)对Al-7Si合金微观组织和力学性能的影响,并探究了其对Al-7Si合金的变质机理。实验结果表明,当Al-5Ti-1B含量为2%、稀土Y含量为0.4%时,变质效果最佳,共晶Si由粗大针状变为细小颗粒状,长和宽分别减小至2.7和0.8μm,相较于未经变质处理的Al-7Si合金,减小了90.6%和4.7%。合金抗拉强度由原来的168.1 MPa提升至209.1 MPa,增加了24.4%。同时伸长率从6.23%提升至9.62%,增长了54.4%。此外,合金的断裂方式也从脆性断裂转变为韧-脆混合断裂。

基于Y系数法的频谱分析仪噪声系数测量

噪声系数是反映射频模块内部噪声的重要指标,射频模块设计及选型都离不开对噪声系数的测量,因此,一般使用噪声系数分析仪进行测试。由于并非每个实验室都配备有相关仪器,因此,相比噪声系数分析仪,频谱分析仪的配备较普遍。本文以Y系数法测量噪声系数的原理,通过软件设计,实现了频谱分析仪可替代噪声系数分析仪,并进行噪声系数测量。