The monomolecular surface layer of acceptor doped CeO_(2) may become neutral and metallic or charged and semiconducting.This is revealed in the theoretical analysis of the oxygen pressure dependence of the surface def...The monomolecular surface layer of acceptor doped CeO_(2) may become neutral and metallic or charged and semiconducting.This is revealed in the theoretical analysis of the oxygen pressure dependence of the surface defects concentration in acceptor doped ceria with two different dopant types and operated under different oxygen pressures.Recently published experimental data for highly reduced Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9-x(SDC)containing a fixed valence dopant Sm3+are very different from those published for Pr0.1Ce0.9O_(2)-x(PCO) with the variable valence dopant Pr4+/Pr3+being reduced under milder conditions.The theoretical analysis of these experimental results fits very well the experimental results of SDC and PCO.It leads to the following predictions:the highly reduced surface of SDC is metallic and neutral,the metallic surface electron density of state is gs=0.9×10^(38)J-1·m^(-2)(1.4×1015eV^(-1)·cm^(-2)),the electron effective mass is meff,s=3.3me,and the phase diagram of the reduced surface has theα(fcc)structure as in the bulk.In PCO a double layer is predicted to be formed between the surface and the bulk with the surface being negatively charged and semiconducting.The surface of PCO maintains high Pr^(3+) defect concentration as well as relative high oxygen vacancy concentration at oxygen pressures higher than in the bulk.The reasons for the difference between a metallic and semiconducting surface layer of acceptor doped CeO_(2) are reviewed,as well as the key theoretical considerations applied in coping with this problem.For that we make use of the experimental data and theoretical analysis available for acceptor doped ceria.展开更多
Mg PSZ ceramics doped with Y 2O 3 and CeO 2 was prepared using traditional processing method. The fine grain PSZ ceramics( d c10 μm) sintered at low temperature(1550 ℃) was obtained by means of composition ...Mg PSZ ceramics doped with Y 2O 3 and CeO 2 was prepared using traditional processing method. The fine grain PSZ ceramics( d c10 μm) sintered at low temperature(1550 ℃) was obtained by means of composition design. The effects of co stabilization of Y 2O 3, CeO 2 and annealing at 1100 ℃ on material composition, microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. The results show that Y 2O 3 and CeO 2 during annealing at 1100 ℃ can inhibit subeutectoid decomposition reaction effectively, and optimize nucleation and growth of t ZrO 2 precipitates in c ZrO 2 matrix phase. The materials show transgranular and intergranular fracture characteristics, and exhibit better mechanical properties owing to the cooperative effect of stress induced transformation toughening and microcrack toughening.展开更多
We report the thickness dependence of critical current density （Jc） in YBa2Cu3O7-x （YBCO） films with BaZrO3 （BZO） and Y2O3 additions grown on single crystal LaAlO3 substrates by metalorganic deposition using tri...We report the thickness dependence of critical current density （Jc） in YBa2Cu3O7-x （YBCO） films with BaZrO3 （BZO） and Y2O3 additions grown on single crystal LaAlO3 substrates by metalorganic deposition using trifluoroacetates （TFA-MOD）. Comparing with pttre YBCO films, the Jc of BZO/Y2O3-doped YBCO films was significantly enhanced. It was also found that with the increase of the thickness of YBCO film from 0.25 μm to 1.5 μm, the Ic of BZO/Y2O3-doped YBCO film increased from 130 A/cm to 250 A/cm and yet Jc of YBCO film decreased from 6.5 MA/cm2 to 2.5 M A/cm2. The thick BZO/Y2O3-doped MOD-YBCO film showed lower Jc, which is mainly attributed to the formation of a-axis grains and pores.展开更多
This work synthesized a series of Ni/CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) catalysts with varying CeO_(2) doping amounts to enhance low-temperature CO_(2) methanation.The introduction of CeO_(2) weakens the interaction between Ni and A...This work synthesized a series of Ni/CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) catalysts with varying CeO_(2) doping amounts to enhance low-temperature CO_(2) methanation.The introduction of CeO_(2) weakens the interaction between Ni and Al_(2)O_(3),leading to the formation of Ni-CeO_(2) active sites.This results in a high dispersion of Ni and CeO_(2),improved catalyst reducibility,increased number of active sites,and enhanced the CO_(2) methanation.This work further investigated the impact of WHSV and catalyst stacking configuration to enhance the reaction.When the catalyst is stacked into three segments with a temperature gradient of 330℃,300℃,and 250℃under WHSV=9000 ml·h^(-1)·g^(-1),the CO_(2) conversion significantly increases to 95%,which is remarkably close to the thermodynamic equilibrium(96%).展开更多
Al2O3 and Y2O3 have been respectively chosen for additional dopants to investigate the influence on the ferromagnetism of Co doped CeO2 bulk. Results indicate that ferromagnetism （FM） of Co doped CeO2 decrease with ...Al2O3 and Y2O3 have been respectively chosen for additional dopants to investigate the influence on the ferromagnetism of Co doped CeO2 bulk. Results indicate that ferromagnetism （FM） of Co doped CeO2 decrease with additional Al^3＋. Accordingly, certain amount of Y^3＋ can readily be incorporated into the lattice of CeO2 with the decrease of its grain size as well as some pores formation, leading to an enhancement of FM with a positive correlation between magnetization and Y^3＋ doping content. This experimental result is helpful both in understanding FM origination in diluted magnetic oxide （DMO） as well as to improve the moments of DMO applicable in spintronic devices.展开更多
采用改进的溶胶凝胶燃烧法成功合成了Y^(3+)掺杂的多孔Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C(记为NVP/C)复合材料,运用XRD、BET、SEM、HRTEM和电化学测试等手段对其进行结构表征和储钠性能测试。结果表明,半径较大的Y^(3+)取代NVP晶体结构中的部分...采用改进的溶胶凝胶燃烧法成功合成了Y^(3+)掺杂的多孔Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C(记为NVP/C)复合材料,运用XRD、BET、SEM、HRTEM和电化学测试等手段对其进行结构表征和储钠性能测试。结果表明,半径较大的Y^(3+)取代NVP晶体结构中的部分V^(3+)导致晶格膨胀,扩大了Na^(+)的传输通道,加快了Na^(+)的迁移。在制备改性样品过程中,Y^(3+)与PO_(4)^(3-)发生反应,生成新的导电相YPO_(4),提高了复合材料的电子电导率。此外,Y^(3+)掺杂使得不规则多边形NVP颗粒球化并且尺寸略有减小。得益于适当的Y^(3+)掺杂量以及均匀的无定形碳包覆层和多孔结构,NVP/C-Y0.10样品具有优异的储钠性能,其在5 C高倍率下的首次放电比容量高达96.3 m A·h/g,经1000次循环后仍能保持82.2 m A·h/g的可逆容量。展开更多
The water gas shift reaction is of vital significance for the generation and transition of energy due to the application in hydrogen production and industries such as ammonia synthesis and fuel cells.The influence of ...The water gas shift reaction is of vital significance for the generation and transition of energy due to the application in hydrogen production and industries such as ammonia synthesis and fuel cells.The influence of support doping and bimetallic alloying on the catalytic performance of Pt/Ce O_(2)-based nanocatalysts in water gas shift reaction was reported in this work.Various lanthanide ions and 3d transition metals were respectively introduced into the Ce O_(2)support or Pt to form Pt/Ce O_(2):Ln(Ln=La,Nd,Gd,Tb,Yb)and Pt M/Ce O_(2)(M=Fe,Co,Ni)nanocatalysts.The sample of Pt/Ce O_(2):Tb showed the highest activity(TOF at 200℃=0.051 s^(-1))among the Pt/Ce O_(2):Ln and the undoped Pt/Ce O_(2)catalysts.Besides,the sample of Pt Fe/Ce O_(2)exhibited the highest activity(TOF at 200℃=0.12 s^(-1))among Pt M/Ce O_(2)catalysts.The results of the multiple characterizations indicated that the catalytic activity of Pt/Ce O_(2):Ln catalysts was closely correlated with the amount of oxygen vacancies in doped ceria support.However,the different activity of Pt M/Ce O_(2)bimetallic catalysts was owing to the various Pt oxidation states of the bimetals dispersed on ceria.The study of the reaction pathway indicated that both the samples of Pt/Ce O_(2)and Pt/Ce O_(2):Tb catalyzed the reaction through the formate pathway,and the enhanced activity of the latter derived from the increased concentration of oxygen vacancies along with promoted water dissociation.As for the sample of Pt Fe/Ce O_(2),its catalytic mechanism was the carboxyl route with a higher reaction rate due to the moderate valence of Pt along with improved CO activation.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Technion V.P.for Research Fund(No.2023320)。
文摘The monomolecular surface layer of acceptor doped CeO_(2) may become neutral and metallic or charged and semiconducting.This is revealed in the theoretical analysis of the oxygen pressure dependence of the surface defects concentration in acceptor doped ceria with two different dopant types and operated under different oxygen pressures.Recently published experimental data for highly reduced Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9-x(SDC)containing a fixed valence dopant Sm3+are very different from those published for Pr0.1Ce0.9O_(2)-x(PCO) with the variable valence dopant Pr4+/Pr3+being reduced under milder conditions.The theoretical analysis of these experimental results fits very well the experimental results of SDC and PCO.It leads to the following predictions:the highly reduced surface of SDC is metallic and neutral,the metallic surface electron density of state is gs=0.9×10^(38)J-1·m^(-2)(1.4×1015eV^(-1)·cm^(-2)),the electron effective mass is meff,s=3.3me,and the phase diagram of the reduced surface has theα(fcc)structure as in the bulk.In PCO a double layer is predicted to be formed between the surface and the bulk with the surface being negatively charged and semiconducting.The surface of PCO maintains high Pr^(3+) defect concentration as well as relative high oxygen vacancy concentration at oxygen pressures higher than in the bulk.The reasons for the difference between a metallic and semiconducting surface layer of acceptor doped CeO_(2) are reviewed,as well as the key theoretical considerations applied in coping with this problem.For that we make use of the experimental data and theoretical analysis available for acceptor doped ceria.
文摘Mg PSZ ceramics doped with Y 2O 3 and CeO 2 was prepared using traditional processing method. The fine grain PSZ ceramics( d c10 μm) sintered at low temperature(1550 ℃) was obtained by means of composition design. The effects of co stabilization of Y 2O 3, CeO 2 and annealing at 1100 ℃ on material composition, microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. The results show that Y 2O 3 and CeO 2 during annealing at 1100 ℃ can inhibit subeutectoid decomposition reaction effectively, and optimize nucleation and growth of t ZrO 2 precipitates in c ZrO 2 matrix phase. The materials show transgranular and intergranular fracture characteristics, and exhibit better mechanical properties owing to the cooperative effect of stress induced transformation toughening and microcrack toughening.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51272250)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2011CBA00105)+1 种基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2014AA032702)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.2152035)
文摘We report the thickness dependence of critical current density （Jc） in YBa2Cu3O7-x （YBCO） films with BaZrO3 （BZO） and Y2O3 additions grown on single crystal LaAlO3 substrates by metalorganic deposition using trifluoroacetates （TFA-MOD）. Comparing with pttre YBCO films, the Jc of BZO/Y2O3-doped YBCO films was significantly enhanced. It was also found that with the increase of the thickness of YBCO film from 0.25 μm to 1.5 μm, the Ic of BZO/Y2O3-doped YBCO film increased from 130 A/cm to 250 A/cm and yet Jc of YBCO film decreased from 6.5 MA/cm2 to 2.5 M A/cm2. The thick BZO/Y2O3-doped MOD-YBCO film showed lower Jc, which is mainly attributed to the formation of a-axis grains and pores.
基金financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178265)Tianjin Science and Technology Project(21JCYBJC00400)Open Project for Ningbo Key Laboratory of Green Petrochemical Carbon Emission Reduction Technology and Equipment(ZITJU2023-ZYDK001).
文摘This work synthesized a series of Ni/CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) catalysts with varying CeO_(2) doping amounts to enhance low-temperature CO_(2) methanation.The introduction of CeO_(2) weakens the interaction between Ni and Al_(2)O_(3),leading to the formation of Ni-CeO_(2) active sites.This results in a high dispersion of Ni and CeO_(2),improved catalyst reducibility,increased number of active sites,and enhanced the CO_(2) methanation.This work further investigated the impact of WHSV and catalyst stacking configuration to enhance the reaction.When the catalyst is stacked into three segments with a temperature gradient of 330℃,300℃,and 250℃under WHSV=9000 ml·h^(-1)·g^(-1),the CO_(2) conversion significantly increases to 95%,which is remarkably close to the thermodynamic equilibrium(96%).
基金This work is supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) under Grant No. 2007CB31407 the International S&T Cooperation Program of China under Grant No. 2006DFA53410.
文摘Al2O3 and Y2O3 have been respectively chosen for additional dopants to investigate the influence on the ferromagnetism of Co doped CeO2 bulk. Results indicate that ferromagnetism （FM） of Co doped CeO2 decrease with additional Al^3＋. Accordingly, certain amount of Y^3＋ can readily be incorporated into the lattice of CeO2 with the decrease of its grain size as well as some pores formation, leading to an enhancement of FM with a positive correlation between magnetization and Y^3＋ doping content. This experimental result is helpful both in understanding FM origination in diluted magnetic oxide （DMO） as well as to improve the moments of DMO applicable in spintronic devices.
文摘采用改进的溶胶凝胶燃烧法成功合成了Y^(3+)掺杂的多孔Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C(记为NVP/C)复合材料,运用XRD、BET、SEM、HRTEM和电化学测试等手段对其进行结构表征和储钠性能测试。结果表明,半径较大的Y^(3+)取代NVP晶体结构中的部分V^(3+)导致晶格膨胀,扩大了Na^(+)的传输通道,加快了Na^(+)的迁移。在制备改性样品过程中,Y^(3+)与PO_(4)^(3-)发生反应,生成新的导电相YPO_(4),提高了复合材料的电子电导率。此外,Y^(3+)掺杂使得不规则多边形NVP颗粒球化并且尺寸略有减小。得益于适当的Y^(3+)掺杂量以及均匀的无定形碳包覆层和多孔结构,NVP/C-Y0.10样品具有优异的储钠性能,其在5 C高倍率下的首次放电比容量高达96.3 m A·h/g,经1000次循环后仍能保持82.2 m A·h/g的可逆容量。
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21832001 and 21771009)the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMSCXXM-202104)。
文摘The water gas shift reaction is of vital significance for the generation and transition of energy due to the application in hydrogen production and industries such as ammonia synthesis and fuel cells.The influence of support doping and bimetallic alloying on the catalytic performance of Pt/Ce O_(2)-based nanocatalysts in water gas shift reaction was reported in this work.Various lanthanide ions and 3d transition metals were respectively introduced into the Ce O_(2)support or Pt to form Pt/Ce O_(2):Ln(Ln=La,Nd,Gd,Tb,Yb)and Pt M/Ce O_(2)(M=Fe,Co,Ni)nanocatalysts.The sample of Pt/Ce O_(2):Tb showed the highest activity(TOF at 200℃=0.051 s^(-1))among the Pt/Ce O_(2):Ln and the undoped Pt/Ce O_(2)catalysts.Besides,the sample of Pt Fe/Ce O_(2)exhibited the highest activity(TOF at 200℃=0.12 s^(-1))among Pt M/Ce O_(2)catalysts.The results of the multiple characterizations indicated that the catalytic activity of Pt/Ce O_(2):Ln catalysts was closely correlated with the amount of oxygen vacancies in doped ceria support.However,the different activity of Pt M/Ce O_(2)bimetallic catalysts was owing to the various Pt oxidation states of the bimetals dispersed on ceria.The study of the reaction pathway indicated that both the samples of Pt/Ce O_(2)and Pt/Ce O_(2):Tb catalyzed the reaction through the formate pathway,and the enhanced activity of the latter derived from the increased concentration of oxygen vacancies along with promoted water dissociation.As for the sample of Pt Fe/Ce O_(2),its catalytic mechanism was the carboxyl route with a higher reaction rate due to the moderate valence of Pt along with improved CO activation.
