Characterization of Air Pollution in Urban Areas of Yangtze River Delta,China

The hallmark of development in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) of East China has been sprawling urbanization. However, air pollution is a significant problem in these urban areas. In this paper, we investigated and analyzed the air pollution index(API) in four cities(Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Ningbo) in the YRD from 2001 to 2012. We attempted to empirically examine the relationship between meteorological factors and air quality in the urban areas of the YRD. According to the monitoring data, the API in Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou slightly declined and that in Ningbo increased over the study period. We analyzed the inter-annual, seasonal, and monthly variations of API, from which we found that the air quality had different temporal changes in the four cities. It was indicated that air quality was poor in winter and spring and best in summer. Furthermore, different weather conditions affected air quality level. The wind direction was considered as an important and influential factor to air pollution, which has an impact on the accumulating or cleaning processes of pollutants. The air quality was influenced by the different wind directions that varied with seasons and cities.

Urban Development and Water Management in the Yangtze River Delta

Throughout the history of the world, the development of the cities are related to the large water systems and the ocean. Where the river is abundant, the trade and regional centres could be formed. However, along with the prosperity of the water-cities, massive urban construction and environmental issues are enormous challenges in human process. A “scientific” urban planning, “Sponge City”, “Resilient City”, regional and urban culture and characteristics get more and more attention. The theme of “water and city” is clearly of great historical value and practical significance for the new resilient urban and water management strategies. The paper will summarize characteristics of geographical, historical, socio-cultural and political realms in metropolitan deltas and the historical governance as well as the recent developments in the Yangtze River Delta. It will introduce urban development and water management in four water cities: the canal and the city-Yangzhou, the river and the city-Nanjing, the lake and the city-Suzhou and the sea and the city-Shanghai. And then it will analyze the inner motivation of the interaction between water and cities in Yangtze River Delta. Furthermore, learning from successful historical experiences, the paper will provide suggestions for future sustainable urban development.

PORT DEVELOPMENT IN YANGTZE RIVER DELTA

The Yangtze river delta has the largest port group in China.On the coast are sea ports,Yangkou Shanghai Beilun,aligned on a north-south axis which,together with ports along the Lower Yangtze river,form a T-shaped port association.This is unique in the country.For rational port localization and development,it is suggested that Shanghai should retain its undisputed position as an international and domestic hub port of China.Beilun and Yangkou,with their deep-water berths,should be transshipment ports of imported bulky goods (ore,crude oiletc.) and inter-continental international containers for Shanghai and the Yangtze valley above Nanjing,while ports on the lower Yangtze river will

The Influence of the Urban-Rural Income Disparity on the Industrial Structure—Taking the Yangtze River Delta Region as an Example

In this paper, the effect of the mediation effect is mainly used to test and analyze the regression model, and most scholars have studied the impact of the modernization of the industrial structure on the income gap. However, this paper is from another perspective, based on the social background of high-quality development, the main study is the impact mechanism of urban and rural income gap on the industrial structure, taking the Yangtze River Delta as the main research object, and specifically selecting 22 central cities in the Yangtze River Delta region, which is also one of the highlights of this study. The regression model is constructed by using the intermediary effect, and the four intermediary variables of fiscal expenditure (M1), fixed asset investment (M2), number of patent applications (M3), and total import and export (M4) are selected, which represent the role of the government, fixed asset investment, scientific and technological level and opening-up level, and study and analyze the inherent influence mechanism between each variable. Before doing specific research, I consulted the papers and literature of many other outstanding scholars, among which Cheng Yuhong and Cheng Chi’s “The Influence Mechanism of industrial structure of urban and rural income gap” [1] has great reference value for this paper. According to the research results, under the background of high-quality development in the Yangtze River Delta region, the expansion of the income gap between urban and rural areas will inhibit the upgrading of the industrial structure, so it is necessary to focus on building a new type of urbanization, accelerating the construction of an urban innovation system, optimizing the rural employment structure to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, and providing impetus for the continuous upgrading of the industrial structure.

Yangtze River Delta,The Works of Nature

The Yangtze River Delta or Yangtze Delta.also called Chang Jiang Delta,or the Golden Triangle of the Yangtze,genelallv comprises the triangular-shaped territory of Wu-speaking Shanghai,southern Jiangsu province and northern Zhejiang province of China.The area lies at the heart of the region traditionally called Jiangnan.The Yangtze River drains into the East China Sea.

Long-term observations of tropospheric NO_2, SO_2 and HCHO by MAX-DOAS in Yangtze River Delta area, China

Yangtze River Delta （YRD） area is one of the important economic zones in China. However, this area faces increasing environmental problems. In this study, we use ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy （MAX-DOAS） network in Eastern China to retrieve variations of NO2, SO2, and formaldehyde （HCHO） in the YRD area. Three cities of YRD （Hefei, Nanjing, and Shanghai） were selected for long-term observations. This paper presents technical performance and characteristics of instruments, their distribution in YRD, and results of vertical column densities （VCDs） and profiles of NO2, SO2, and HCHO. Average diurnal variations of tropospheric NO2 and SO2 in different seasons over the three stations yielded minimum values at noon or in the early afternoon, whereas tropospheric HCHO reached the maximum during midday hours. Slight reduction of the pollutants in weekends occurred in all the three sites. In general trace gas concentrations gradually reduced from Shanghai to Hefei. Tropospheric VCDs of NO2, SO2, and HCHO were compared with those from Ozone Monitoring Instrument （OMI） satellite observations, resulting in R2 of 0.606, 0.5432, and 0.5566, respectively. According to analysis of regional transports of pollutants, pollution process happened in YRO under the north wind with the pollution dissipating in the southeast wind. The feature is significant in exploring transport of tropospheric trace gas pollution in YRD, and provides basis for satellite and model validation.

Advantages and dynamics of urban agglomeration development on Yangtze River Delta

Urban agglomeration on Yangtze River Delta （UA-YRD） had some advantages in the aspects of water, land, ecological environment, location and transportation. Relying on the resource-environment bases and other advantages, UA-YRD has achieved great development. Based on index system and model of comprehensive evaluation, the paper calculates the development level of UA-YRD since 1978. The result shows that from 1978 to 2007, the development level increased year by year at development could be divided into three an annual rate of 0.0333, and the process of stages, i.e. low-speed development stage （1978-1991）, rapid development stage （1991-2000）, and high-speed development stage （2000-2007）. The speeds are 0.0083, 0.0356 and 0.0766, respectively. During the 30-year development, foreign economic activity has the greatest effect on development, followed by transportation, industrial economic activity and telecommunication （in order）. Additionally, different driving forces have different effects in different stages. The paper suggests that more attention should be paid to the high-speed development stage and the important driving forces to drive its development. At the same time, the limitation of resource and environment should not be neglected and a long effective mechanism needs to be established to sustain harmonious development among the UA development, resource utilization and environmental protection. Some comparative studies should be carried out urgently to support and promote sustainable development of UA effectively, especially towards evolution, driving forces and braking forces.

Urban land development intensity:New evidence behind economic transition in the Yangtze River Delta,China

Over the past 20 years,China has experienced multiple economic transitions characterized by marketization,globalization,decentralization,and urbanization;as a result,urban land development intensity(ULDI)has become a significant issue for sustainable development.As China’s largest globalized urban area,the rapid socio-economic development of the Yangtze River Delta has created a huge demand for urban land.We apply a theoretical framework for a four-dimensional analysis tool to understand the dynamic evolution of the ULDI in the context of economic transition.It reveals that marketization,globalization,decentralization,and urbanization affect the ULDI in the economic transition of Yangtze River Delta.Marketization,especially the continuous improvement of land marketization,optimizes the spatial allocation of land resources and encourages urban land users to improve ULDI.Globalization promotes the rapid growth of economy and population through an increase in foreign direct investment.In the process of decentralization,local governments rely on developing a mode of land finance,resulting in a disordered urban space and low ULDI.Population growth and agglomeration during urbanization stimulates residents’consumption capacity and promotes economic growth,thus creating a greater demand for urban land.However,a low level of development and utilization restricts the improvement of development intensity.Economic development can improve the level of land-intensive use by promoting the adjustment,optimization,and upgrade of urban industrial structures.

长三角地区数字经济对高端装备制造业高质量发展的影响研究——基于有调节的中介效应分析

借助数字经济实现高端装备制造业高质量发展是中国式现代化建设的重要议题。本文基于长三角地区面板数据,利用有调节的中介效应模型检验了数字经济对高端装备制造业高质量发展的影响。结果发现:数字经济可以显著促进高端装备制造业高质量发展,稳健性检验后仍然成立;数字经济通过技术创新正向促进高端装备制造业高质量发展,且技术创新发挥部分中介效应;政府支持对技术创新的中介效应发挥正向调节作用;进一步异质性检验发现,数字经济对不同地区、不同细分行业高质量发展的影响存在显著差异。最后,从三个方面提出相关建议:构建全方位的区域协调发展机制,提升融合效能;聚焦重点领域,推动核心技术突破创新;聚焦制度创新,释放政策红利。

数字经济赋能长三角制造业高质量发展——空间溢出与机制识别

基于2011—2021年长三角地区41个城市的面板数据,采用主成分分析法和空间杜宾模型等方法实证检验数字经济对长三角制造业高质量发展的赋能效应及多重路径的综合作用效果。结果表明:长三角地区数字经济不仅能显著赋能本地制造业高质量发展,还对邻近地区制造业高质量发展有显著的促进作用,空间溢出效应占比为79.4%;数字经济赋能制造业高质量发展主要依赖于人力资本和物质资本积累,且人力资本与物质资本呈协同效应,消费能力路径与人力资本、物质资本均呈背离效应。

数字经济产业区域协同发展机理及路径研究--基于江西与粤港澳、长三角、长江中游城市群协同发展视角

数字经济产业区域协同发展对推动区域经济效率变革、质量变革和动力变革具有积极推动作用。近年来,江西充分发挥毗邻粤港澳大湾区、长三角以及位居长江中游城市群的地理优势,积极推动数字经济产业区域协同发展,打造了赣深电子信息产业集聚区、承接长三角数字产业转移示范区、赣湘电子信息产业园等,为江西数字经济产业高质量发展奠定了扎实基础,但是在数字经济产业区域协同发展过程中仍然存在协同规划缺乏、协同层次偏低、协同结构失衡、产业数字化滞后、数字技术协同创新弱和数据要素共建共享不畅等问题。这需从强化规划引领、提高协同层次、优化协同结构、加快数字化转型、推动数字技术协同创新和促进数据互联互通共用等方面加以破解。

区域协作治理中的领导力:一个动态分析框架——以长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区为例

区域协作治理是当前公共管理研究的热点话题,将领导力理论嵌入区域协作治理场域中可以为理解复杂的协作过程提供动态视角。本文基于相关理论构建了由公共价值、运行系统、领导活动组成的区域协作治理领导力要素模型,其中公共价值是区域协作治理领导力的出发点和落脚点,运行系统由结构管理、过程管理、政治管理构成,是区域协作治理领导力的核心要素,领导活动是区域协作治理中正式领导和非正式领导的行为方式;本文以长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区为例印证并发掘领导力的动态过程,认为示范区塑造了国家战略引领的公共价值体系,构建了以网络行政组织(NAO)为核心的复杂运行系统,形成了关系导向的领导策略和行动逻辑,通过这些领导力要素整合提升了示范区协作治理绩效;基于案例研究凝练搭建了区域协作治理领导力的动态分析框架,并提出长三角示范区加快从区域项目协同走向区域一体化制度创新的对策建议。

数字贸易、产业结构升级与制造业高质量发展--基于长三角样本的分析

基于2012-2021年长三角地区的相关数据,构建数字贸易、制造业高质量发展的指标评价体系,运用中介效应模型,对数字贸易作用于产业结构升级、推动长三角地区制造业高质量发展问题进行研究。结果表明,一方面数字贸易对长三角制造业高质量发展具有显著直接的促进效应;另一方面产业结构升级能够发挥部分中介效应,助推数字贸易对长三角制造业高质量发展产生正向影响。研究结论为数字贸易发展对长三角制造业的影响及相关政策制定提供了支撑和参考,对长三角制造业实现高质量发展有着一定的启示作用。

区域一体化能够促进城市高质量发展吗?--来自长三角一体化国家战略的准自然实验

以长三角一体化国家战略的实施为准自然实验,在探究政策对高质量发展影响机制的基础上,基于2011-2021年114个城市的样本数据,运用渐进双重差分模型评估了该政策对于高质量发展的影响。研究表明:长三角一体化国家战略总体上显著提高了城市的高质量发展水平,且主要体现在经济层面,部分体现在社会层面;长三角一体化国家战略对高质量发展的影响,在不同规模城市和不同市场一体化程度城市中存在显著差异;长三角一体化国家战略通过降低市场分割和产业同构促进城市的高质量发展;交通运输能力和技术水平在长三角一体化国家战略对城市高质量发展影响中发挥着正向的调节效应作用。长三角一体化国家战略的实施,为生态发展、兼顾小城市利益和政策推广拓展了空间。

长三角科创金融一体化与高质量发展“双目标”路径研究

随着全球经济的快速发展与科技进步,区域经济一体化和金融市场的融合逐渐成为现代经济体系的重要组成部分。长三角地区作为中国经济最具活力和创新能力的区域之一,如何实现科技创新金融一体化与高质量发展的双目标,成为当前研究的热点问题。文章通过分析长三角地区科创金融的发展现状与面临的挑战,提出实现科创金融一体化和高质量发展的具体路径,为政策制定者和相关利益方提供参考。

绿色金融发展对碳排放的影响研究——以长三角区域为例

文章基于2010—2021年长三角区域41个城市的面板数据,运用系统GMM模型、中介模型和门槛模型实证检验长三角区域绿色金融发展对碳排放的影响。研究发现:长三角区域绿色金融发展有助于降低碳排放,其作用在大型及以上规模城市和创新能力较强城市中更为明显。机制分析发现,长三角区域绿色金融发展通过促进绿色技术创新和产业结构升级,进而抑制碳排放;在绿色技术创新这一传导机制中,策略性技术创新发挥着主要作用。门槛效应表明,长三角区域绿色金融发展与碳排放之间存在明显“倒U”型曲线关系。

长三角一体化城市群数字经济对物流业高质量发展的影响研究

以长三角一体化城市群为研究样本,运用2011-2020年长三角一体化城市群的数据实证检验该区域数字经济对物流业高质量发展的影响,并在此基础上进一步探讨其作用机制。研究结果表明:(1)长三角一体化城市群数字经济的发展能够推动物流业高质量发展,在进行稳健性检验后,结论依然成立;(2)从作用机制研究可以发现,长三角一体化城市群数字经济的发展能够直接推动物流业高质量发展,并且可以通过物流业全要素生产率间接推动物流业高质量发展;(3)异质性结果显示,经济越发达地区其数字经济的发展对于物流业高质量发展的推动作用越明显。根据上述研究结论提出三点政策建议:一是大力发展长三角一体化城市群数字经济与物流业,加强产业与城市间的交流合作;二是通过提高物流业全要素生产率来推动物流业高质量发展;三是根据不同城市的不同经济情况因地制宜地发展数字经济。

长三角城市群物流业高质量发展水平测度研究及评价

以长三角城市群物流业为研究对象,采用熵权TOPSIS法和核密度估计分析方法,测度2010—2021年长三角城市群物流业高质量发展水平并分析区域发展差异。研究发现:长三角城市群物流业高质量发展水平向好趋势明显,但仍然有待提高。有18个城市的物流业高质量发展水平低于均值。其中上海的物流业高质量发展水平最高,居于第2位的苏州相比于上海还有较大差距。从各区域来看,区域发展不均衡的特征较明显,各区域物流业高质量发展水平存在一定差距,上海物流业高质量发展水平显著高于其他区域,物流业高质量发展水平排名靠后的城市主要集中在安徽,该区域内发展差距呈现缩小趋势。

税收负担、财政自给率与城市高质量发展

健全的财税体制是推动高质量发展的重要保障。为厘清税收负担、财政自给率与经济高质量发展的关系,有效贯彻长三角一体化国家战略,选取长三角41个城市2008—2019年面板数据,采用极值熵值法测算长三角城市高质量发展指数,运用Tobit模型实证检验税收负担和财政自给率对城市高质量发展的影响。研究发现:整体上看,长三角城市高质量发展呈阶段性波动趋势,且区域异质性明显,上海居于首位,浙江和江苏次之,安徽相对靠后。从子系统看,长三角城市高质量发展子系统指数中绿色>创新>开放>共享>协调。从实证结果看,税收负担和财政自给率都显著促进高质量发展,税收负担与财政自给率的交互项亦显著促进高质量发展。控制变量中,政府支出规模和经济发展水平对高质量发展的影响不确定,且未通过显著性检验,产业结构和能源消费结构与高质量发展具有负相关关系,城镇化水平与高质量发展具有正相关关系。