Detection and Identification of Phytoplasma of Cleome rutidosperma in Areca Palm Yellow Leaf Disease Field

[Objectives]The paper was to detect and identify the phytoplasma of Cleome rutidosperma in areca palm yellow leaf disease(YLD)field in Wenchang City,Hainan Province,China.[Methods]The nested PCR technique was employed to amplify the phytoplasma 16S rDNA of C.rutidosperma samples,followed by sequence analysis.Concurrently,this study examined C.rutidosperma in YLD field,collecting symptomatic leaves for phytoplasma detection.[Results]The 16S rDNA sequence of the C.rutidosperma witches'-broom phytoplasma was found to be identical to that of the HNWC5 strain associated with areca palm yellows phytoplasma,leading to the identification of this phytoplasma as belonging to the 16SrII-A subgroup.Field investigations revealed a higher incidence of C.rutidosperma in areca palm fields,with symptoms of leaf yellows observed in six of these fields.Quantitative PCR(qPCR)analysis confirmed the presence of phytoplasma infection in these instances.[Conclusions]Through the analysis of geographical distribution,sequence alignment,and field occurrence data,a significant correlation has been identified between witches'broom disease and YLD.It is proposed that the former may act as an intermediate host for the areca palm yellows phytoplasma.

Development of high yield and tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCV)resistance using conventional and molecular approaches:A review

Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.)belonging to the family Solanaceae is the second most consumed and cultivated vegetable globally.Since the ancient time of its domestication,thousands of cultivated tomato varieties have been developed targeting an array of aspects.Among which breeding for yield and yield-related traits are mostly focused.Cultivated tomato is extremely genetically poor and hence it is a victim for several biotic and abiotic stresses.Among the biotic stresses,the impact of viral diseases is critical all over tomato cultivating areas.Improvement of tomato still largely rely on conventional methods worldwide while molecular approaches,particularly Marker Assisted Selection(MAS)has become popular across the globe as a fast,low cost and precise tool which is essential in present day plant breeding.In this review paper,breeding tomato for high yield and viral disease resistance,particularly to tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease(TYLCVD)using conventional and molecular approaches will be discussed.Lining up of this set of information will be useful to those who are interested in tomato variety development with high yielding and TYLCVD resistance.