<strong>Background: </strong>Outbreak of yellow fever infection (YFI), a mosquito-borne disease, occurs sporadically worldwide especially in tropical nations. Acute kidney injury (AKI) commonly results fro...<strong>Background: </strong>Outbreak of yellow fever infection (YFI), a mosquito-borne disease, occurs sporadically worldwide especially in tropical nations. Acute kidney injury (AKI) commonly results from YFI and could be associated with a poor prognosis for victims even under intensive care unit (ICU). Pathophysiologic mechanisms for AKI include hypovolemic shut down, cytotoxicity, acute tubular necrosis (ATN), hemolysis, or coagulopathy. Early diagnosis, prompt and effective treatment modalities including dialysis improve treatment outcome. <strong>Aim: </strong>We report the case management of a 19-year-old woman who had yellow fever infection complicated by acute kidney injury in the setting of multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). <strong>Case Presentation: </strong>A 19-year-old woman who presented with fever, headache and vomiting for 2 weeks. In the course of the illness, urine volume became reduced and coke colored, followed by body swelling, yellowness of the eyes bleeding from the orifices. Examination revealed an acutely ill looking woman, icteric, and with pedal edema. Her pulse was 100/min and blood pressure was 120/80 mmHg. Liver was enlarged, soft and tender. She had proteinuria 3+ and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed yellow fever infection. She had markedly deranged serum biochemical parameters for which she had a three-hour session of hemodialysis with Heparin anticoagulation. The urea reduction ratio (URR) was 46.9%. Barrier nursing was commenced. She had 7 units of whole blood and a pint of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) with antibiotics, Rabeprazole, Tranexamic acid, Vitamin K and Frusemide. She had the second dialysis session of HD and entered into the recovering phase of AKI and was subsequently discharged after 18th days on admission. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Yellow fever infection occurs sporadically and could lead to MODS involving the kidneys, liver and hematologic system. Prompt initiation of dialysis, correction of coagulopathy, and antibiotics use are measures needed to arrest progression and death. Vaccination, destruction of the natural habitat of the carrier and infective organisms are necessary particularly in endemic regions of the world.展开更多
Dear Editor,Yellow fever（YF）,a mosquito-borne flavivirus disease,is endemic in tropical areas of Africa and Central and South America.YF is transmitted via the bite of infected Aedes aegypti or Haemogogus mosquitoes...Dear Editor,Yellow fever（YF）,a mosquito-borne flavivirus disease,is endemic in tropical areas of Africa and Central and South America.YF is transmitted via the bite of infected Aedes aegypti or Haemogogus mosquitoes and mainly affects humans and nonhuman primates.展开更多
Dear Editor,In recent years,the incidence of human infections caused by emerging or re-emerging pathogens has rapidly increased.Diseases that were once regional now have the ability to spread globally in a short amoun...Dear Editor,In recent years,the incidence of human infections caused by emerging or re-emerging pathogens has rapidly increased.Diseases that were once regional now have the ability to spread globally in a short amount of time and pose a wider threat to public health(Weaver et al.2018).Yellow fever virus(YFV,family Flaviviridae,genus Flavivirus)is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes yellow fever in humans and has been endemic in Africa and Latin America for many years(Domingo et al.2018).展开更多
Yellow fever virus(YFV) is a re-emerging virus that can cause life-threatening yellow fever disease in humans.Despite the availability of an effective vaccine,little is known about the replication mechanism of YFV,and...Yellow fever virus(YFV) is a re-emerging virus that can cause life-threatening yellow fever disease in humans.Despite the availability of an effective vaccine,little is known about the replication mechanism of YFV,and there are still no available specific anti-YFV medicines.Herein,by introducing the Renilla luciferase gene(Rluc) into an infectious clone of YFV vaccine strain 17 D,we generated a recombinant virus 17 D-Rluc.2 A via reverse genetics approaches.The 17 D-Rluc.2 A had similar plaque morphology and comparable in vitro growth characteristics with its parental strain.Importantly,the reporter luciferase was efficiently expressed in 17 D-Rluc.2 A-infected mammalian and mosquito cells,and there was a good linear correlation between intracellular luciferase expression and extracellular infectious virion reproduction.Furthermore,by a combination of the 17 D-Rluc.2 A reporter virus and selective 2’-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension(SHAPE)technology,the conserved 5’-SLA element was shown to be essential for YFV replication,highlighting the capability of17 D-R1 uc.2 A in the investigation of YFV replication.At last,we demonstrated that two compounds with distinct anti-viral mechanisms can effectively inhibit the viral propagation in 17 D-Rluc.2 A-infected cells,demonstrating its potential application in the evaluation of anti-viral medicines.Taken together,the 17 D-Rluc.2 A serves as a useful tool for the study of YFV replication and anti-YFV medicine development.展开更多
Hajj is among the world＇s largest mass gatherings, drawing between 2 and 3.5 million Muslims from 183 nations annually to perform pilgrimage in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Infectious disease outbreaks can be imported both i...Hajj is among the world＇s largest mass gatherings, drawing between 2 and 3.5 million Muslims from 183 nations annually to perform pilgrimage in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Infectious disease outbreaks can be imported both into the Hajj population and exported internationally by returning pilgrims. The domestic Saudi population can also be at risk of outbreaks traveling amid this mass migration. With yellow fever reported for the first time in China following the infection of expatriate Chinese workers in Angola and a full blown outbreak underway in wider West Africa, the prospect of yellow fever outbreaks in Asia threatens to impact Saudi Arabia, both during and beyond the Hajj season. With global focus trained on Zika, the rising threat of yellow fever cannot be overlooked. Strategies to mitigate risk to Saudi Arabia and the global population are thereby suggested.展开更多
Flaviviruses comprise approximately 70 closely related RNA viruses. These include several mosquito-borne pathogens, such as yellow fever virus （YFV）, dengue virus （DENV）, and Japanese encephalitis virus （JEV）, w...Flaviviruses comprise approximately 70 closely related RNA viruses. These include several mosquito-borne pathogens, such as yellow fever virus （YFV）, dengue virus （DENV）, and Japanese encephalitis virus （JEV）, which can cause significant human diseases and thus are of great medical importance. Vaccines against both YFV and JEV have been used successfully in humans for decades; however, the development of a DENV vaccine has encountered considerable obstacles. Here, we review the protective immune responses elicited by the vaccine against YFV to provide some insights into the development of a protective DENV vaccine.展开更多
文摘<strong>Background: </strong>Outbreak of yellow fever infection (YFI), a mosquito-borne disease, occurs sporadically worldwide especially in tropical nations. Acute kidney injury (AKI) commonly results from YFI and could be associated with a poor prognosis for victims even under intensive care unit (ICU). Pathophysiologic mechanisms for AKI include hypovolemic shut down, cytotoxicity, acute tubular necrosis (ATN), hemolysis, or coagulopathy. Early diagnosis, prompt and effective treatment modalities including dialysis improve treatment outcome. <strong>Aim: </strong>We report the case management of a 19-year-old woman who had yellow fever infection complicated by acute kidney injury in the setting of multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). <strong>Case Presentation: </strong>A 19-year-old woman who presented with fever, headache and vomiting for 2 weeks. In the course of the illness, urine volume became reduced and coke colored, followed by body swelling, yellowness of the eyes bleeding from the orifices. Examination revealed an acutely ill looking woman, icteric, and with pedal edema. Her pulse was 100/min and blood pressure was 120/80 mmHg. Liver was enlarged, soft and tender. She had proteinuria 3+ and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed yellow fever infection. She had markedly deranged serum biochemical parameters for which she had a three-hour session of hemodialysis with Heparin anticoagulation. The urea reduction ratio (URR) was 46.9%. Barrier nursing was commenced. She had 7 units of whole blood and a pint of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) with antibiotics, Rabeprazole, Tranexamic acid, Vitamin K and Frusemide. She had the second dialysis session of HD and entered into the recovering phase of AKI and was subsequently discharged after 18th days on admission. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Yellow fever infection occurs sporadically and could lead to MODS involving the kidneys, liver and hematologic system. Prompt initiation of dialysis, correction of coagulopathy, and antibiotics use are measures needed to arrest progression and death. Vaccination, destruction of the natural habitat of the carrier and infective organisms are necessary particularly in endemic regions of the world.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81702015)the National Key Plan for Scientific Research and Development of China(2016YFD0500300)+6 种基金the National Science and Technology Major Project(2017ZX10303403)supported by the Excellent Young Scientist Program of the NSFC(81622031)the Excellent Young Scientist Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2015078)supported by the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(CAST)(2016QNRC001)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2017117)a leading principal investigator of the NSFC Innovative Research Group(81621091)
文摘Dear Editor,Yellow fever（YF）,a mosquito-borne flavivirus disease,is endemic in tropical areas of Africa and Central and South America.YF is transmitted via the bite of infected Aedes aegypti or Haemogogus mosquitoes and mainly affects humans and nonhuman primates.
基金supported by grants from the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2016ZX10004222 and 2016YFC1200800)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB29010102)+5 种基金Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM201412003)Shenzhen Municipal Government of China (JCYJ20160427151920801)Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z161100000116049)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) International Cooperation and Exchange Program (816110193)supported by the NSFC Outstanding Young Scholars (31822055)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) (2017122)
文摘Dear Editor,In recent years,the incidence of human infections caused by emerging or re-emerging pathogens has rapidly increased.Diseases that were once regional now have the ability to spread globally in a short amount of time and pose a wider threat to public health(Weaver et al.2018).Yellow fever virus(YFV,family Flaviviridae,genus Flavivirus)is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes yellow fever in humans and has been endemic in Africa and Latin America for many years(Domingo et al.2018).
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81871632 and 32070183)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2020A1515010656)+1 种基金the Creative Research Group Foster Project of the Sun Yat-sen Universitysupported by the One-Hundred People Project of the Sun Yat-sen University。
文摘Yellow fever virus(YFV) is a re-emerging virus that can cause life-threatening yellow fever disease in humans.Despite the availability of an effective vaccine,little is known about the replication mechanism of YFV,and there are still no available specific anti-YFV medicines.Herein,by introducing the Renilla luciferase gene(Rluc) into an infectious clone of YFV vaccine strain 17 D,we generated a recombinant virus 17 D-Rluc.2 A via reverse genetics approaches.The 17 D-Rluc.2 A had similar plaque morphology and comparable in vitro growth characteristics with its parental strain.Importantly,the reporter luciferase was efficiently expressed in 17 D-Rluc.2 A-infected mammalian and mosquito cells,and there was a good linear correlation between intracellular luciferase expression and extracellular infectious virion reproduction.Furthermore,by a combination of the 17 D-Rluc.2 A reporter virus and selective 2’-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension(SHAPE)technology,the conserved 5’-SLA element was shown to be essential for YFV replication,highlighting the capability of17 D-R1 uc.2 A in the investigation of YFV replication.At last,we demonstrated that two compounds with distinct anti-viral mechanisms can effectively inhibit the viral propagation in 17 D-Rluc.2 A-infected cells,demonstrating its potential application in the evaluation of anti-viral medicines.Taken together,the 17 D-Rluc.2 A serves as a useful tool for the study of YFV replication and anti-YFV medicine development.
文摘Hajj is among the world＇s largest mass gatherings, drawing between 2 and 3.5 million Muslims from 183 nations annually to perform pilgrimage in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Infectious disease outbreaks can be imported both into the Hajj population and exported internationally by returning pilgrims. The domestic Saudi population can also be at risk of outbreaks traveling amid this mass migration. With yellow fever reported for the first time in China following the infection of expatriate Chinese workers in Angola and a full blown outbreak underway in wider West Africa, the prospect of yellow fever outbreaks in Asia threatens to impact Saudi Arabia, both during and beyond the Hajj season. With global focus trained on Zika, the rising threat of yellow fever cannot be overlooked. Strategies to mitigate risk to Saudi Arabia and the global population are thereby suggested.
文摘Flaviviruses comprise approximately 70 closely related RNA viruses. These include several mosquito-borne pathogens, such as yellow fever virus （YFV）, dengue virus （DENV）, and Japanese encephalitis virus （JEV）, which can cause significant human diseases and thus are of great medical importance. Vaccines against both YFV and JEV have been used successfully in humans for decades; however, the development of a DENV vaccine has encountered considerable obstacles. Here, we review the protective immune responses elicited by the vaccine against YFV to provide some insights into the development of a protective DENV vaccine.
