Carotenoids,as natural tetraterpenes,play a pivotal role in the yellow coloration of peaches and contribute to human dietary health.Despite a relatively clear understanding of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway,the r...Carotenoids,as natural tetraterpenes,play a pivotal role in the yellow coloration of peaches and contribute to human dietary health.Despite a relatively clear understanding of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway,the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs involved in carotenoid synthesis in yellow peaches remain poorly elucidated.This study investigated a total of 14 carotenoids and 40 xanthophyll lipids,including six differentially accumulated carotenoids:violaxanthin,neoxanthin,lutein,zeaxanthin,cryptoxanthin,and(E/Z)-phytoene.An integrated analysis of RNA-seq,miRNA-seq and degradome sequencing revealed that miRNAs could modulate structural genes such as PSY2,CRTISO,ZDS1,CHYB,VDE,ZEP,NCED1,NCED3 and the transcription factors NAC,ARF,WRKY,MYB,and bZIP,thereby participating in carotenoid biosynthesis and metabolism.The authenticity of miRNAs and target gene was corroborated through quantitative real-time PCR.Moreover,through weighted gene coexpression network analysis and a phylogenetic evolutionary study,coexpressed genes and MYB transcription factors potentially implicated in carotenoid synthesis were identified.The results of transient expression experiments indicated that mdm-miR858 inhibited the expression of PpMYB9 through targeted cleavage.Building upon these findings,a regulatory network governing miRNA-mediated carotenoid synthesis was proposed.In summary,this study comprehensively identified miRNAs engaged in carotenoid biosynthesis and their putative target genes,thus enhancing the understanding of carotenoid accumulation and regulatory mechanism in yellow peach peel and expanding the gene regulatory network of carotenoid synthesis.展开更多
In this study,high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing were used to study the changes in soluble sugar components and flavonoids in Prunus persica‘Jinxiangyu’at different deve...In this study,high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing were used to study the changes in soluble sugar components and flavonoids in Prunus persica‘Jinxiangyu’at different developmental stages(20–90 d after flowering)and screen the key genes regulating the formation of soluble sugar and flavonoids in the fruits.The results showed that 60–85 d after flowering was the key stage of quality formation of Prunus persica‘Jinxiangyu’,and the content of soluble sugar,soluble solid,fructose,and sucrose in the fruit increased significantly during this period.The sugar content of ripe fruits was mainly fructose and sucrose.The content of kaempferol glycoside was low in the fruit.Quercetin glycoside content was higher in the young fruit stage and decreased with fruit maturity.There were no anthocyanin compounds in the fruit.The expression levels of genes involved in flavonoid metabolism(ANS,DFR,F3H,FLS,4CL1,etc.)were low in the fruit.A total of 181 differentially expressed genes were identified during fruit development to participate in five sugar metabolism pathways,among which the SDH gene had a higher expression level,which continuously rised in the later stage of fruit development.It mainly promoted the accumulation of fructose content in the later stage of fruit development.The expression levels of SPS1,SS,and SS1 genes were continuously up-regulated,which played a key role in sucrose regulation.The higher expression levels of SUS3 and INVA genes in the early stage of fruit development promoted the degradation of sucrose.展开更多
以蔗糖、麦芽糖醇及二者复配的三元溶液为渗透溶液,探究渗透脱水处理对黄桃果块质构特性、介电特性、细胞壁多糖含量以及微观结构的变化,并利用核磁共振氢谱(1H nuclear magnetic resonance,1H NMR)技术测定了可溶性糖含量的变化,明确...以蔗糖、麦芽糖醇及二者复配的三元溶液为渗透溶液,探究渗透脱水处理对黄桃果块质构特性、介电特性、细胞壁多糖含量以及微观结构的变化,并利用核磁共振氢谱(1H nuclear magnetic resonance,1H NMR)技术测定了可溶性糖含量的变化,明确麦芽糖醇和蔗糖的协同作用在渗透脱水过程中对黄桃果块特性的改善作用。结果表明:相较于对照组,SM14(蔗糖、麦芽糖醇质量比1∶4的溶液)显著降低黄桃果块的硬度、咀嚼性和黏附性。渗透脱水处理导致黄桃果块的阻抗和有效电阻显著降低,同时诱导静电容量显著增加,表明渗透脱水可能作用于细胞壁多糖而使果肉细胞特性改变。1H NMR检测结果发现,与蔗糖组相比,三元渗透液处理显著降低了黄桃果块组织中蔗糖的含量,其中SM14处理组蔗糖信号强度仅为19803.9±156.00,麦芽糖醇信号强度为54934.9±1239.11。此外,相比较对照组,SM14组水溶性果胶和鳌合性果胶含量均显著增加,分别为(26.63±1.80)mg/g和(21.59±0.71)mg/g,碱溶性果胶含量显著降低,为(27.24±0.46)mg/g。微观结构观察发现,SM14处理组细胞圆润且完整度较高,塌陷程度低,细胞壁厚度明显增加,这可能是由于蔗糖与麦芽糖醇之间的交互作用有对细胞的协同保护作用。因此,蔗糖与麦芽糖醇复配的三元渗透溶液可以有效地改善二元渗透脱水导致的黄桃果块品质劣变等问题,同时拓宽了糖醇的应用场景。展开更多
目的:利用便携式近红外(near infrared,NIR)光谱仪与化学计量学方法预测黄桃的腐败时间。方法:利用便携式NIR光谱仪采集黄桃样本的漫反射光谱,通过光谱预处理方法提高数据特征,采用偏最小二乘法(partial least squares,PLS)建立黄桃腐...目的:利用便携式近红外(near infrared,NIR)光谱仪与化学计量学方法预测黄桃的腐败时间。方法:利用便携式NIR光谱仪采集黄桃样本的漫反射光谱,通过光谱预处理方法提高数据特征,采用偏最小二乘法(partial least squares,PLS)建立黄桃腐败时间的预测模型。通过均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)和决定系数(coefficient of determination,R^(2))评估模型的预测效果。结果:模型对黄桃腐败时间预测的R^(2)为0.63,RMSE为4.09 d。结论:NIR光谱结合化学计量学方法能够实现黄桃腐败时间的无损、准确预测。展开更多
基金Open access funding provided by Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityOpen access funding provided by Shanghai Jiao Tong University+3 种基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32201603)the Open Fund of the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region(No.SYFMR2022011Z)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding(Chinese Academy of Forestry)(No.TGB2021008)the Scientific Research Program of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(No.B2021044).
文摘Carotenoids,as natural tetraterpenes,play a pivotal role in the yellow coloration of peaches and contribute to human dietary health.Despite a relatively clear understanding of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway,the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs involved in carotenoid synthesis in yellow peaches remain poorly elucidated.This study investigated a total of 14 carotenoids and 40 xanthophyll lipids,including six differentially accumulated carotenoids:violaxanthin,neoxanthin,lutein,zeaxanthin,cryptoxanthin,and(E/Z)-phytoene.An integrated analysis of RNA-seq,miRNA-seq and degradome sequencing revealed that miRNAs could modulate structural genes such as PSY2,CRTISO,ZDS1,CHYB,VDE,ZEP,NCED1,NCED3 and the transcription factors NAC,ARF,WRKY,MYB,and bZIP,thereby participating in carotenoid biosynthesis and metabolism.The authenticity of miRNAs and target gene was corroborated through quantitative real-time PCR.Moreover,through weighted gene coexpression network analysis and a phylogenetic evolutionary study,coexpressed genes and MYB transcription factors potentially implicated in carotenoid synthesis were identified.The results of transient expression experiments indicated that mdm-miR858 inhibited the expression of PpMYB9 through targeted cleavage.Building upon these findings,a regulatory network governing miRNA-mediated carotenoid synthesis was proposed.In summary,this study comprehensively identified miRNAs engaged in carotenoid biosynthesis and their putative target genes,thus enhancing the understanding of carotenoid accumulation and regulatory mechanism in yellow peach peel and expanding the gene regulatory network of carotenoid synthesis.
文摘In this study,high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing were used to study the changes in soluble sugar components and flavonoids in Prunus persica‘Jinxiangyu’at different developmental stages(20–90 d after flowering)and screen the key genes regulating the formation of soluble sugar and flavonoids in the fruits.The results showed that 60–85 d after flowering was the key stage of quality formation of Prunus persica‘Jinxiangyu’,and the content of soluble sugar,soluble solid,fructose,and sucrose in the fruit increased significantly during this period.The sugar content of ripe fruits was mainly fructose and sucrose.The content of kaempferol glycoside was low in the fruit.Quercetin glycoside content was higher in the young fruit stage and decreased with fruit maturity.There were no anthocyanin compounds in the fruit.The expression levels of genes involved in flavonoid metabolism(ANS,DFR,F3H,FLS,4CL1,etc.)were low in the fruit.A total of 181 differentially expressed genes were identified during fruit development to participate in five sugar metabolism pathways,among which the SDH gene had a higher expression level,which continuously rised in the later stage of fruit development.It mainly promoted the accumulation of fructose content in the later stage of fruit development.The expression levels of SPS1,SS,and SS1 genes were continuously up-regulated,which played a key role in sucrose regulation.The higher expression levels of SUS3 and INVA genes in the early stage of fruit development promoted the degradation of sucrose.
文摘目的:利用便携式近红外(near infrared,NIR)光谱仪与化学计量学方法预测黄桃的腐败时间。方法:利用便携式NIR光谱仪采集黄桃样本的漫反射光谱,通过光谱预处理方法提高数据特征,采用偏最小二乘法(partial least squares,PLS)建立黄桃腐败时间的预测模型。通过均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)和决定系数(coefficient of determination,R^(2))评估模型的预测效果。结果:模型对黄桃腐败时间预测的R^(2)为0.63,RMSE为4.09 d。结论:NIR光谱结合化学计量学方法能够实现黄桃腐败时间的无损、准确预测。
