Dysentery caused by Balantidium coliin a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma from Turkey

Balantidium coli is the only parasitic ciliate of man. It is a flattened oval organism covered with cilia, and a gullet at the anterior end. It is infrequently pathogenic for man,although epidemic buds in tropical zones have been described. The infection fundamentally affects the colon and causes variable clinic pictures, from asymptomatic to serious dysenteric forms. We present a case of parasitologically diagnosed as causes of diarrhea in a patient with non Hodgkin's lymphoma from Turkey.In order to find out the causative etiologic agent of diarrhea,stool samples were examined by native,lugol and flotation methods and we detected moving trophozoites, which were approximately 60μm long and 35μm wide.These bodies were diagnosed as Balantidium coli This case underlines that Balantidium coli should also be considered as a possible pathogen in immunocompromised patients with diarrhea.

Quality Inspection and Preparation of Diarrhea Arresting and Dysentery Treating Dietary Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine for Livestock

[Objective] This study was aimed to formulate the quality inspection of diarrhea arresting and dysentery treating dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicines for livestock.[Methods] Physiochemical identification and contrast test of UV spectrophotometer qualitative detection were adopted.[Results] The difference in the peak value of maximum adsorption peak detected by diluted water method was greater than 1 nm; the maximum adsorption peak values obtained by the 0.9％ hydrochloric acid and 60％ ethanol methods had a difference of less than 1 nm,and the secondary adsorption peak values also had a difference of less than 1 nm.[Conclusion] The 0.9％ hydrochloric acid and 60％ ethanol methods were selected as the quality inspection standards for the preparation of diarrhea arresting and dysentery treating dietary traditional Chinese herbal medicines for livestock.

Growth retardation and severe anemia in children with Trichuris dysenteric syndrome

Objective: To document epidemiologic data, clinical manifestations and treatment in hospitalized children with Trichuris dysenteric syndrome from Honduras during 2010-2012. Methods: Severe trichuriasis cases were identified by routine stool examinations from hospitalized patients(12 years old or less). Relevant epidemiologic, clinical and management data were obtained from review of clinical histories in the ward. Results: Of 122 Trichuris infections diagnosed in 11 528(1.0%) stool samples for all ages, 81(66.4%) were identified in the age group 2-12 years old, 21(25.9%) of which were severe(≥ 100 eggs in 2 mg of feces). Thirteen of those 21 patients collaborated in this study. Patients(9 males and 4 females) were of rural precedence, from large poor or very poor families, chronically parasitized, and between 2 and 12 years old. Dysentery of months duration, severe anemia and stunting were common complaints; clinical characteristics associated with heavy Trichuris infections included egg counts from 232-3 520 eggs per direct smear, hemoglobin from 3.4-10.8 g/d L, eosinophilia up to 43%, severe malnutrition and growth stunting. Orally administered drugs mebendazole, albendazole, metronidazole, nitaxozanide, and piperazine were prescribed at different dosages and duration other than recommended; no cure or egg excretion control was exercised before patient release. A range of 340 to about 10 000 worms were recovered after treatment from 8 patients. Conclusions: This report underlines the need for detailed community studies in trichuriasis morbidity, effective treatment assessment and clinical response in severely malnourished parasitized children.

ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF 55 CASES OF ACUTE BACILLARY DYSENTERY

The therapeutic effect of acupuncture on bacillary dysentery was observed in 55 patients suffering from acute bacillary dysentery. Bilateral Tianshu (ST 25) and Zusanli (ST 36) points were chosen as the main points and Quchi was added for those with high fever. All the patients in this investigation were cured after one course of acupuncture treatment. It was noticed that their symptoms disappeared after average of 2. 4 days and stool laboratory test normalized after 2. 8 days on an average.It is concluded that acupuncture is effective and applicable to bacillary dysentery.

Experimental Study on the Antibacterial Effect of Origanum Volatile Oilon Dysentery Bacilli In Vivo and In Vitro

To observe the germistatic and germicidal effects of origanum volatile oil (OVI) on the dysentery bacteria, the abdominal cavity of mice was infected with Shigella sonne (Sh. sonnei) and Shigella flexneri (Sh. flexneri) F 2a. After OVI was given to the mice via gastric lavage, the effects of OVI on the infected mice were observed. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) for dysentery bacteria were determined in vitro. The results showed that origanum volatile oil showed obvious protective effect on mice infected with Sh. sonnei and Sh. flexneri F 2a. and it had germistatic and germicidal effects on dysentry bacteria. We are led to conclude that origanum volatile oil is an effective medicine against the infection of dysentery bacteria.

Modeling Dysentery Diarrhea Using Statistical Period Prevalence

Various epidemics have occurred throughout history,which has led to the investigation and understanding of their transmission dynamics.As a result,non-local operators are used for mathematical modeling in this study.Therefore,this research focuses on developing a dysentery diarrhea model with the use of a fractional operator using a one-parameter Mittag–Leffler kernel.The model consists of three classes of the human population,whereas the fourth one belongs to the pathogen population.The model carefully deals with the dimensional homogeneity among the parameters and the fractional operator.In addition,the model was validated by fitting the actual number of dysentery diarrhea infected cases covering 52 weeks in 2017,which occurred in Ethiopia.The biological parameters were fitted,and fractional orderνwas optimized.The basic reproduction numbers R0 were 1.7031 and 1.9581,which correspond to the fractional and integer-order models,respectively.The fractional model showed smaller discrepancies compared to the integer-order model when the models were fitted and validated with the actual cases of infected humans.Qualitative theory for the existence and uniqueness of the solutions was extensively explored,and the stability of equilibria was investigated.The most influential parameters were found via forward sensitivity indices.This multidisciplinary research shows and explains the results of numerical simulations applied to a biological issue.

Effects of Fermented Whey in Treating Bacillary Dysentery and on the Gastrointestinal Flora of Apparently Healthy Albino Rats

In this study, the effects of fermented whey （FW） in treating bacillary dysentery caused by Shigellaflexneri in albino rats and on the gastrointestinal （GIT） flora of apparently healthy albino rats （AHARs） were investigated. Prior the therapeutic assay, the growth inhibitory activity （GIA） of whey subjected to different fermentation durations at 30 ~ 2 ~C was first investigated using agar diffusion assay on the test organism, conventional antibiotics served as control. After this, the infectious dose of the organism was determined and used to infect another set of AHARs. The infected rats were grouped into two; group one was treated with 1.0 mL of the FW that exerted the highest GIA in the in vitro assay （FW1）, once daily for 7 d while group two was left untreated. The rats were observed for signs of recovery while their large intestine was subjected to histopathological examinations. For the effects of whey on GIT flora of AHARs, another group of AHARs was fed with FW1 for 3months. At 7 d intervals, their faeces were examined for microbial types and load. The in vitro GIA of the FWs on the test organism was superior to that of most of the antibiotics used and the administration of FW1 to infected rats caused them to recover by 72 h while those not treated with FW1 started to recover by 168 h. FWl did not significantly （p 〈 0.05） affect the GIT microflora loads but only the types.

Study on the medication rule of Wang Xun in the treatment of dysentery based on Data Mining

Objective: Based on data mining, Wang Xun's medication rule in the treatment of dysentery was discussed. Methods: the traditional Chinese medicine used in the prescriptions for dysentery in Wang Xun's "Tzu hang Ji Sanyuan Puji Fang" was counted, the names of the drugs were standardized, and their properties, taste, efficacy and meridian tropism were investigated respectively. The database was established with the help of Microsoft Excel 2016, SPSS statistic 24.0 and SPSS modeler 18.0 computer software, and the frequency analysis and high-frequency drug association rules were carried out Analysis, cluster analysis. Results: 44 prescriptions of Wang Xun's dysentery were sorted out and 64 traditional Chinese medicines were used, of which 22 were high-frequency drugs (drugs with frequency ≥ 5%). The top ten drugs were Cheqianzi, Danggui, liquorice, Muxiang, white peony, Fructus aurantii, areca, Poria cocos, radish and rhubarb. The correlation analysis produced "Raphanus seed→Plantago asiatica, Bitter orange→liquorice, tangerine peel→Fructus aurantii, Fructus aurantii→Cheqianzi, areca There are 15 associations of 2 kinds of drugs, such as hammer, Cheqianzi, Fructus aurantii, Muxiang, and so on. Cluster analysis shows that there are 4 cluster formulas: Angelica, Cheqianzi, Raphani, Fructus aurantii, white peony, liquorice, areca, red peony, tangerine peel, rhubarb, Fructus aurantii, Magnolia officinalis and Coptis. Conclusion: the method of data mining is to study the rule of Wang's prescription in the treatment of dysentery, so as to summarize the characteristics of Wang's prescription in the treatment of dysentery, which has guiding significance for clinical treatment of dysentery.

以痈论治溃疡性结肠炎理论阐释及临床思路探析

于永铎认为,痈为火毒生,下利脓血为热毒本质,提出“病由毒起,热毒伤肠”为溃疡性结肠炎病机关键,“邪踞火毒”“湿热毒邪”“正虚伏毒”为溃疡性结肠炎的核心病机演变规律,体现热毒伤肠络,毒邪由实致虚,虚实夹杂的病邪转变过程。结合从肠黏膜屏障损伤、免疫功能紊乱、细胞自噬、凋亡、焦亡的病变特点及交叉转化的因果联系,提出以痈论治溃疡性结肠炎的核心治法,采用清热解毒、凉血消痈,清热利湿、解毒消痈,健脾益气、托毒消痈等辨治策略,并结合临床验案进行分析,以期为溃疡性结肠炎的治疗提供参考。

参姜止痢合剂治疗仔猪黄痢的临床疗效评价

为验证参姜止痢合剂治疗仔猪黄痢的临床疗效,从兰州周边养猪场搜集疑似病例,经流行病学调查、临床症状观察作出初步诊断,通过实验室细菌学检查进行确诊后,采用参姜止痢合剂进行治疗,观察给药后病猪精神状态、饮食和腹泻情况,采用普通血平板培养基和大肠杆菌显色培养基测定给药前后仔猪粪便中大肠杆菌的数量。结果显示,用药治疗后的仔猪精神状态明显好转或恢复正常,病猪粪便中大肠杆菌数量明显减少,3个养猪场(景泰县王德香养猪场、甘肃蟾慕农业科技有限责任公司和永登县苗中俊养猪场)的黄痢治愈率分别为87.6%、89.1%和84.1%。结果提示,参姜止痢合剂治疗仔猪黄痢效果较好,为今后研发新药提供了试验依据。

从厥阴论治克罗恩病

克罗恩病的发生多与外邪、情志、饮食以及脏腑功能有关,属本虚标实、虚实夹杂、寒热错杂之证,病机特点在于寒热夹杂、变化迅速,与厥阴的气机变化特点相契合。此文主要从厥阴气机下陷、厥阴气机中化、厥阴气机升发三方面综合分析克罗恩病,并结合厥阴肝与中焦脾胃五行相克的关系,对克罗恩病的临床表现、病机特点及用药进行分析,以期为临床治疗克罗恩病提供参考。

基于“脾为之卫”探讨溃疡性结肠炎的辨治思路

[目的]探讨溃疡性结肠炎的病因病机及治疗方法,以期为拓展溃疡性结肠炎的辨治思路提供理论依据。[方法]基于对“脾为之卫”理论内涵的梳理,同时结合现代医学对溃疡性结肠炎发病机制的认识,探讨脾脏功能失常与溃疡性结肠炎病因病机的相关性,并根据溃疡性结肠炎病程演变过程中病机的变化,具体论述分期辨治原则及方药。[结果]“脾失于卫”作为溃疡性结肠炎的病机关键,贯穿其各期而为病,故以“助脾复卫”为中心治则,对溃疡性结肠炎进行分期论治,活动期以消积化滞、理脾和卫为法,缓解期以调气疏郁、健脾行卫为法,恢复期以清养生肌、补脾固卫为法。[结论]运用“脾为之卫”理论有助于认识溃疡性结肠炎发病机制与脾脏的密切关系,完善从脾论治溃疡性结肠炎的分期证治法则及具体方药。

柳宝诒与吴鞠通治疗痢疾病案异同研究

目的 分析柳宝诒和吴鞠通治疗痢疾医案的异同,探索2位医家治疗痢疾的用药规律。方法 以《柳宝诒医论医案》和《吴鞠通医案》中治疗痢疾的医案为研究对象,采用Excel2010软件统计用药频次、功效分类等,分析其用药规律、病机治法的异同。结果 柳宝诒治疗痢疾以理气药、止血药、补气药、利水渗湿药为主,高频药物为木香、白术、枳壳、桔梗、砂仁等,吴鞠通治疗痢疾多用清热药、理气药、补血药、利水渗湿药,高频药物为黄芩、白芍、木香、黄连、神曲等。结论 柳宝诒和吴鞠通对痢疾的病因病机认识基本相同,吴鞠通治疗痢疾强调初痢以祛邪为主,多用清热药和理气药,久痢有虚实之分,以攻补兼施、扶助正气为主。柳宝诒在痢疾病机认识上创新性提出“宿垢”观点,治疗上提出“疏化”之法。

2005—2020年云南省阿米巴痢疾流行特征分析

目的分析云南省阿米巴痢疾流行状况,为制定防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2005年1月—2020年12月的云南省阿米巴痢疾报告病例进行分析,对其人群、时间和地区等分布特征进行描述。结果2005—2020年云南省累计报告阿米巴痢疾病例3315例,其中临床诊断病例697例(占21.03%),确诊病例2618例(占78.97%)。年报告发病率为0.06/10万~1.45/10万,年均报告发病率为0.46/10万,发病率在2005年最高(1.45/10万),其后呈波动下降。报告病例中,男性1838例(占55.44%),女性1477例(占44.56%),性别比为1∶0.8;0~9岁人群报告病例最多(1675例,占50.53%);散居儿童和农民报告病例较多,分别为1276例(占38.49%)和1011例(占30.50%)。报告病例主要集中在4—7月(1925例,占58.07%)。地区分布中,报告病例数前3位的地区分别为临沧市(1526例,占46.03%)、楚雄州和红河州(均为273例,各占8.23%)。其中临沧市耿马县报告1380例,占全省报告病例数的41.63%。结论云南省阿米巴痢疾报告发病率总体呈下降趋势,儿童和农民为主要发病群体,临沧市耿马县报告病例数最多。今后应加强对重点地区和重点人群的健康教育。同时,要进一步提高医疗机构的诊断能力和疾控机构的监测能力,不断提升阿米巴痢疾的防控水平。

艾灸联合虎地肠溶胶囊治疗活动期溃疡性结肠炎临床观察

目的探究艾灸联合虎地肠溶胶囊治疗活动期溃疡性结肠炎的临床效果。方法采用随机数字表法将南昌大学第四附属医院2019年7月—2021年8月收治的60例活动期溃疡性结肠炎患者分为两组,各30例。对照组应用美沙拉嗪肠溶片治疗,试验组在此基础上应用艾灸联合虎地肠溶胶囊治疗。对比两组临床疗效、肠黏膜病变评分、Mayo活动指数评分及不良反应发生情况。结果试验组的治疗总有效率为93.33%(28/30),高于对照组的73.33%(22/30)(P<0.05)。治疗后,试验组肠黏膜病变评分、Mayo活动指数评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组不良反应发生率为3.33%(1/30),对照组为13.33%(4/30),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论艾灸联合虎地肠溶胶囊能够有效减轻活动期溃疡性结肠炎患者肠黏膜病变程度,改善各临床症状,疗效显著,且安全可靠,值得推广应用。

《细菌性痢疾诊疗方案(2023年版)》解读

细菌性痢疾是我国规定的法定传染病之一。近几十年来,随着卫生设施的改善、水源和食品安全的管理加强以及积极的公共卫生措施,我国细菌性痢疾的发生率和死亡率大幅下降,但志贺菌仍是引起急性感染性腹泻的常见致病菌。为进一步规范细菌性痢疾临床诊疗工作,国家卫生健康委员会医疗应急司组织制定《细菌性痢疾诊疗方案(2023年版)》,现对该指南的部分意见进行分析,以促进细菌性痢疾治疗的规范化。

明代医家万全论治痢疾探析

本文通过研究明代著名儿科及养生学家万全《保命歌括》《万氏女科》《育婴家秘》等著作中有关痢疾的论治以及医案,认为万全辨治痢疾,融会了《神农本草经》《伤寒论》《金匮要略》等著作的精髓,提出痢疾的病因为火邪与湿邪,并根据正邪相争的情况将痢疾分为3类:实热证、虚寒证、虚实夹杂证,还以此为依据提出需结合水、火、气、血的运行情况辨治用药的原则。文章对此进行深刻剖析,以期为痢疾的临床诊疗提供参考。

郭光业教授溃结爽治疗溃疡性结肠炎经验

溃疡性结肠炎以腹痛、腹泻、里急后重、便黏液脓血便等肠道症状为主要临床表现,中医的基本病机为本虚标实,脾胃虚弱为本,湿热蕴结、痰湿停滞和瘀血阻滞为标。郭光业教授认为溃疡性结肠炎的病机是以脾胃虚弱、肝脾失调为本,以湿热血瘀为标,以调和肝脾、活血化瘀、清热化湿为治疗原则。郭教授运用自拟溃结爽口服方治疗溃疡性结肠炎,临床效果甚佳。

基于“络病”理论探讨溃疡性结肠炎肠外表现病机

溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)属于中医学“痢疾”“泄泻”“肠澼”等范畴,是一种迁延难治的消化系统疾病,还可引起皮肤、骨关节、肝胆等多种肠外系统及组织器官病变,给患者身心健康带来极大影响。但UC肠外表现的病机尚未形成统一的认识,为其临床诊疗带来一定阻碍。根据络脉系统网络全身、灌渗气血的特性,提出基于“络病”理论探究UC肠外表现的病机,认为脾虚为本,损伤肠络为UC发生的病机关键,湿、热、瘀、毒入络,浸淫他脏,而出现诸多肠外表现。在此基础上阐述UC患者出现皮肤、关节、肝胆病变的病变机制,总结皮肤病变的病机为肺脾失调、络虚邪郁,关节病变的病机为脾肾亏虚、外邪壅络,肝胆病变的病机为湿热入(肝)络、气血失调,以期为UC肠外表现的诊疗提供中医特色新思路。

从热盛饵 芍药汤论治溃疡性结肠炎

溃疡性结肠炎是中国常见的一种消化道疾病,目前研究对于其病因及发病机制尚不明确,一般治愈率不高,使用单纯西医治疗效果难以达到预期。而溃疡性结肠炎可归属中医“痢疾、便血”等范畴,中医经典《医学·三字经》对其进行了记载,从经典中学习,探析从中医清热利湿、调气行血角度治疗溃疡性结肠炎的有效性及优势性,指导临床用药治疗。