Rabbi Shalem Shabazi-Greatest Poet of Yemen

Shalem Shabazi,acknowledged and revered as the greatest Yemenite poet is an unknown figure to the English-speaking world.His name appears in no general encyclopedia.His works are not to be found in any general literary anthology or collection of poetry.Yet in his lifetime it is said he wrote 15,000 poems,many of which have been lost.He enriched Hebrew literature,creating in the shadow of the Psalms,in a mood of longing for the Temple.He gave form to the wedding ceremony,conceived in the image of the Song of Songs(Canticles)as a sacred consecration,a bond between God and his people.He wrote many books,but only one,“Hemdat Hayamim”survives.His songs are sung at every table and occasion where Yemenite Jews gather to celebrate their heritage,since the day they were written to the present.

The Upper Jurassic sediments,Marib-Shabwa Basin,Yemen:Lithofacies aspects and sequence stratigraphic analysis

The present study is devoted to understanding the evolution of the Upper Jurassic Sab'atayn Formation in the Marib-Shabwa Basin,Yemen,through a sequence stratigraphic analysis based on integrating datasets of sedimentology,seismic sections,and well logs.The Sab'atayn Formation(Tithonian age)is represented by a series of clastic and evaporites that were deposited under fluvio-deltaic to prodeltaic settings.It is divided into four members including Yah(at the base),upwards to Seen,Alif,and Safir at the top.Two third-order depositional sequences were determined for the Tithonian succession which were separated by three sequence boundaries.These sequences were classified into their systems tracts signifying several sedimentation patterns of progradational,aggradational,and retrogradational parasequence sets.The first depositional sequence corresponds to the early-middle Tithonian Yah and Seen units that can be classified into lowstand,transgressive,and highstand systems tracts.The second sequence comprises the late Tithonian Alif unit that can be subdivided into transgressive and highstand systems tracts.The sandy deposits of the Alif Member(highstand deposits)represent the most productive hydrocarbon reservoir in the basin.The Upper Jurassic sediments in the study area were resulted from a combination of eustatic and tectonic effects.

Monthly and Seasonal Investigation of Wind Characteristics and Assessment of Wind Energy Potential in Al-Mokha, Yemen

The negative effects of fossil fuels have forced many countries to explore clean energy sources that are both environmenttally more suitable and renewable. In this study, wind characteristics and assessment of wind energy potential, were analyzed using the wind speed data measured during the period 1995-2001 at 10 m height of Al-Mokha, located in the west of Taiz, in the southwest of Yemen, subjected to 2-parameter Weibull analysis. Based on these data, it was found that the monthly mean wind speed ranged from 3.50 m/s in June to 7.94 m/s in November, the monthly values of Weibull shape parameter (k), ranged from 3.09 to 6.26, while the value of scale parameter (c) ranged from 3.91 to 8.63 m/s and the monthly wind power density ranged from 33.08 to 352.43 W/m2. The seasonal mean wind speed data ranged from 3.61 to 7.56 m/s, while the wind power density was ranged from 36.62 to 328.59 W/ m2 for summer and winter, respectively.

Analysis of Monthly, Seasonal and Annual Air Temperature Variability and Trends in Taiz City - Republic of Yemen

Climate change is one of the most important issues of today’s World. Climate scientists have concluded that the earth’s surface air temperature warmed by 0.6 ± 0.2℃ during the 20th century, accompanied by changes in the hydrologic cycle. Of all the climate elements, temperature plays a major role in detecting climate change brought about by urbanization and industrialization. This study focuses on the variability and trends of the mean annual, seasonal and monthly surface air temperature in Taiz city, Republic of Yemen, during the period 1979-2006. The results of the analysis of the whole period reveal a statistically significant increasing trend in practically all the months and seasons. A tendency has also been observed towards warmer years, with significantly warmer summer and spring periods and slightly warmer autumn and winter, an increase of 1.79℃ and 1.18℃ has been observed in the mean summer and mean winter temperature, respectively. Positive trends of about 1.5℃ in the annual mean temperature were found for the whole period. The air temperature time series are analyzed, so that the variability and trends can be described.

Geochemistry of Ore-bearing Lamprophyre from the Cu-Ni Deposit in Dhi Samir,Yemen

Magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposits are generally associated with mafic-ultramafic rocks and it has not been reported that lamprophyre is one of the surrounding rocks of Cu-Ni sulfide deposits.The Dhi Samir deposit in Yemen,however,is a rare example of Cu-Ni deposits which are hosted in lamprophyre dikes.In this paper,comprehensive research is made on petrology,petrochemistry and isotope geochemistry for Cu-Ni-bearing rocks in the Dhi Samir area and the results show that dark rocks related to Cu-Ni orebodies are sodium-weak potassium and belong to calc-alkaline series lamprophyre,especially camptonite,characterized by enriched alkali,iron and titanium.In these rocks large-ion-lithophile elements are obviously concentrated,while high field strength elements slightly depleted,showing clear negative anomalies of Ta and Nb,and weak deficiency of Ti.TheΣREE is very high（225.67-290.05 ppm） and the REE partition curves are flat and right-inclined,featuring a LREE-enriched pattern with low negative Eu anomalies.Study of magmatic source areas indicates that the rocks have low（87Sr/86Sr） and highεNd（t）,and the magmas were probably derived from the enriched mantle I（EM-I） end-member.Based on the LA-ICPMS on zircon U-Pb isotope dating,the lamprophyre in the Dhi Samir mining area has an age of 602±2.6 Ma,indicating that the rock was formed in the late Proterozoic and in an intraplate setting due to magmatism of an extensional environment in the post-Pan-Africa orogeny.

Continental Flood Basalts and Rifting: Geochemistry of Cenozoic Yemen Volcanic Province

Rift formation is a crucial topic in global tectonics. The Yemen rift-related area is one of the most important provinces, being connected to the rifting processes of the Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea and Afar Triangle. In this paper, a review of the Yemen volcanic province and its relations with the Red Sea rifting are presented. Tertiary continental extension in Yemen resulted in the extrusion of large volumes of effusive rocks. This magmatism is divided in the Oligo-Miocene Yemen Trap Series (YTS) separated by an unconformity from the Miocene-Recent Yemen Volcanic Series (YVS). Magmas of the YTS were erupted during the synrift phase and correlate with the first stage of sea-floor spreading of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden (30 - 15 Ma), whereas the magmas of the YVS were emplaced during the post rift phase (10 - 0 Ma). A continental within plate character is recognized for both the YTS and YVS basalts. The YTS volcanic rocks are contemporaneous with, and geochemically similar to, the Ethiopian rift volcanism, just as the volcanic fields of the YVS are geochemically alike to most of the Saudi Arabian volcanics. YTS and YVS have analogous SiO2 ranges, but YVS tend to have, on average, higher alkalis and MgO contents than YTS. Fractional crystallization processes dominate geochemical variations of both series. Primitive magmas (MgO > 7.0%) are enriched in incompatible elements and LREEs with respect to primitive mantle, but YVS are more enriched than YTS. To first order, the different geochemical patterns agree with different degrees of partial melting of an astenospheric mantle source: 25% - 30% of partial melting for YTS and 10% - 3% for YVS. Secondly, the higher degree of enrichment in incompatible elements of YVS reflects also greater contribution of a lithospheric mantle component in their source region.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus Infections among Patients with Chronic Renal Failure in Zabeed City, Yemen Republic

Background and Aims: Patients on hemodialysis (HD) are at high risk of viral hepatitis due to high number of blood transfusion sessions, prolonged vascular access, high exposure to infected patients and contaminated equipment, or cross contamination from the dialysis circuits and pose problems in the management of patients in the renal dialysis units. This study was done to determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) & Hepatitis C virus (HCV), in patients on hemodialysis in Zabeed City, Yemen Republic, and address the major risk factors for transmission of these viruses among HD patients. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, during June, 2013 to October, 2014, a total of 243 chronic hemodialysis patients were tested. Patients were selected from many regions by cluster sampling from Zabeed public hospital, (hemodialysis center) in Zabeed City, Yemen Republic. A close ended and multiple choice-based questionnaires were completed and HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies were assessed using third generation enzyme linked immunoassay kit as serological testing and data were analyzed using the SPSS-20 software. Results: The overall prevalence of positive HBsAg was (48.83%) while positive anti-HCV was (46.01%) and (5.16%) mixed infection with HBV and HCV. Analysis of risk factors in patients with HBV & HCV infection is showed the history of blood transfusion and duration of hemodialysis was found to be a statistically significant (P < 0.05) as risk factor for HBV and HCV infection. Conclusion: The evaluation suggests that blood transfusion and duration of hemodialysis may be the main most important risk factor for HBV and HCV infection among hemodialysis patients.

Monitoring of coastline changes along the Red Sea,Yemen based on remote sensing technique

The coastline changes along Yemen＇s the Red Sea （Al-muka, Al-khohah, Al-tiaf, Ras Katib and Al- Urji spits） were studied using a series of landsat images （MSS, TM and ETM ＋ , 1972, 1989, 2000, 2006）, coupled with geomorphological, sedimentological and meteorological findings. Comparison of satellite images provided a viable means for establishing long-term coastal changes （accretion and erosion） as observed in the studied spits （Al-Urj, Ras Sham, Ras Maemoon, Ras Katib, Al-Mandar, Nukhaylah, Mujamilah, Ras Ashab Abu-Zahr and Mukha）. The rate of the spit accretion has the greatest value up to 89 pixel/year corresponding to 72 290 m2/year in Mukha, while the spit erosion shows greatest value up to 131 pixel/year corresponding to 106 404 m2/year in Mujamilab. The patterns of accretion and erosion along the spits depend on the spit direction, natural processes mainly of wave-induced longshore currents, the sediments supply and depth of sea.

Antimicrobial Activity of Five Yemeni Medicinal Plants against Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi

Background: The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance, as well as the evolution of new strains of disease causing agents, are of great concern to the global health community. Nowadays, reports have indicated that many of healthcare-associated, antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are not only multidrug resistant pathogens but also broadly drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria. Objective: This study is focused on exploring the antimicrobial properties of five different plants that are commonly being used as traditional medicines in Yemen against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and fungi. Methods: The antimicrobial potential of five different plant extracts was screened against selected human pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Methanolic extracts of Dodonaea viscose, Plantago lanceolata, Withania samnifera, Pulicaria crispa, and Rumex nervosus were subjected to a test of their antimicrobial properties by Modified Agar Diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration. Results: The results indicated that all the five plants extract showed antibacterial activity against a selected microorganism at a concentration of 60 mg/ml. The highest potential was observed in the extract of W. somnifera against S. taphyloccocus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus miarbilis and Candida albicans with zone of inhibition of 23 mm, 20.7 mm, 20 mm and 25.3 mm, respectively. R. nervosus also showed the highest MIC against test organisms. Only two medicinal plant Pulicaria crispa, and Rumex nervosus extracts showed non antifungal activity. Conclusion: The experiment confirmed the efficacy of some selected plant extracts as natural antimicrobial and can be potential sources for the synthesis of antibacterial drugs.

Giardia duodenalis infection among rural communities in Yemen:A community-based assessment of the prevalence and associated risk factors

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Giardia infection among rural communities among rural communities in Yemen.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 605 stool samples were collected and screened for the presence of Giardia duodenalis(G.duodenalis) cysts and/or trophozoites by using three different diagnostic methods: direct smear, formalin-ether sedimentation,and trichrome staining.A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect information on the demographic, socioeconomic, behavioural and environmental characteristics of the participants.Results: Overall, 28.1%(170/605) of the participants were infected by G.duodenalis.The prevalence was significantly higher among male participants compared to female(P = 0.034); however, it was not significant among different age groups(P > 0.05).Univariate and multivariate analyses identified four variables as the significant key risk factors of Giardia infection among the sampled communities.These are, in addition to being of the male gender, using unsafe water sources for drinking water, not washing hands after defecation, presence of other family members infected with Giardia, and close contact with domestic animals.Conclusions: The study reveals that Giardia infection is still prevalent among rural communities in Yemen.The provision of clean and safe drinking water, proper sanitation,and health education regarding personal hygiene practices, particularly handwashing, as well as identifying and treating infected family members is imperative and these interventions should be considered in a strategy to control intestinal parasites among these communities in order to curtail the transmission and morbidity caused by G.duodenalis.

Re-Os age report of pyrrhotite in the Dhi Samir amprophyre-type copper-nickel sulfide deposit in Yemen

1.Objectives The Dhi Samir copper-nickel sulfide deposit is located in the Taiz Province, South Yemen. The ore-bearing rock bodies occurred in the Neoproterozoic magmatic veins (Fig. 1). Different from most magmatic copper-nickel sulfide deposits, the Dhi Samir copper-nickel deposit is produced in the lamprophyre rather than in the mafic-ultramafic rocks such as peridotite, norite and gabbro.

Preliminary study on rockfall for Al Gayah site in Yemen

Studying the landslide and rockfall in Yemen still in its preliminary stage. Al Gayah rockfall site is a chronic problem as many other areas in the Republic of Yemen. The present authors have tried to highlight, and find best solution for this problem for the first time. Field work, collecting data and laboratory test for many rock samples such physical properties, chemical for major elements and thin section have been carried out. The physical properties performed according to ASTM, and then the result have been gotten and discussed.

Prevalence and co-infections of schistosomiasis/hepatitis B and C viruses among school children in an endemic areas in Taiz,Yemen

Objective:To determine the disease prevalence and its relationship with hepatitis B and C viruses among school children in five endemic areas by schistosomiasis.Methods:During June 2007 and March 2009,1 484 school children aged between 5-16 years participated in the current study from 32 basic schools in five districts(Al-Dhabab,Hedran,Warazan,Al-Barh and Al-Shmaytin) in Taiz Governorate,Republic of Yemen.Out of school children who participated in the study;1 406 stool samples,1 484 urine samples and 214 blood samples were collected and examined.Results:Schistosoma mansoni(S.mansoni) was found in all the studied areas except Al-Barh.However,Schistosoma haematobium(S.haematobium) was recorded only in Al-Shmaytin and Al-Barh.Both S.mansoni and S.haematobium were observed in Al-Shmaytin district.The overall prevalence was 20.76%for S.mansoni and 7.41%for S.haematobium. The prevalence rate of infection among males was higher than females,shwing no significant differences.Rate of light,moderate and heavy infections in the case of S.mansoni were 41.78%, 25.34%and 32.87%respectively.Whereas,for S.hematobium it was 50.90%for light infection and 49.09%for heavy infection.Regarding to the prevalence of viral hepatitis among infected school children with schistosomiasis,it could be noticed that hepatitis B virus was higher than the prevalence of hepatitis C virus.But,the presence of HBsAg and anti-HCV was not associated with Schistosoma infection.Conclusions:Schistosomiasis infection is an important public health problem in Taiz Governorate,Republic of Yemen.There was a correlation between S. haematobium and hepatitis B,but no association between 5.mansoni infections and hepatitis B and C viruses.

Olivine and Cr-spinel as indicators of the petrogenesis and partial melting conditions of the high-MgO ultramafic volcanic rocks from NW Ad Dhala Province—Yemen

The high-MgO ultramafic volcanic rocks in the NW Ad Dhala province are classified as meimechite according to the IUGS classification scheme.This province represents the southeastern outcrops of the Yemen Volcanic Group(YVG),which constitutes part of the AfroArabian continental large igneous province(LIP) and located within the boundary of the Afar mantle plume.In this study,we present the chemical compositions of olivine and Cr-spinel in meimechite rocks from Bagah Village in NW Ad Dhala province,aiming to characterize the genesis and partial melting conditions and to estimate the crystallization temperatures of these high-MgO rocks.Olivine crystals are characterized by high forsterite,ranges from Mg-rich core(up to Fo_(89.69)) to relatively Fe-rich rim(down to Fo_(78.57)),high CaO,MgO and MnO whereas Cr-spinel crystals have high TiO_(2) and Cr# values ranging from 0.49 to 0.63 which indicate that they are crystallized from primary magma and are typical of volcanic olivine and Crspinel that formed in intraplate tectonic setting.Olivine and Cr-spinel compositional data and primary melt composition(MgO ~ 23 wt.%) are compatible with the derivation of studied meimechite rocks from peridotite mantle source by small degrees of partial melting under conditions of high temperature and pressure at great depths,mostly within the garnet stability field.Also,these data provide a compelling indicator for the important role of upwelling Afar mantle plume in the genesis of these high-MgO ultramafic volcanic rocks.Finally,based on the different olivine-liquid equilibrium methods and Al-in-olivine thermometer approach the estimated crystallization temperature ranges from 1450 to 1490℃,and mantle potential temperature(Tp) ranges from 1617 to 1677℃,at high pressure(3-4.8 GPa).These high temperatures substantiate the existence of the Afar thermal mantle plume and its important role in the genesis of the studied meimechite rocks.

Epidemiology of fatal cases associated with pandemic influenza reported in Yemen

Objectives: This study describes the incidence of all fatal cases associated with Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Yemen. It sets out to highlight the factors associated with poor prognosis *The authors declare that they have no competing interests. to enhance the implementation of prevention and control programs. Methods: The study is based on retrospective analysis of available data until 14 March 2010, as compiled by the disease control and surveillance team in Yemen. Results: Between 16 June 2009 and 14 March 2010, a total of 33 laboratory-confirmed death cases associated with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) were reported to the Diseases Control and Surveillance in the Ministry of Public Health and Population. During this period, a total of 6049 suspected influenza A (H1N1) cases were recorded. With this denominator, the case fatality rate (CFR) was 0.54%. During June through August, H1N1 confirmed cases were infrequently detected, including only 30;however, from September through December, over 200 confirmed cases were reported each month. Of the 33 cases recorded, 25 were male (76%) and 8 were female (24%), male to female ratio being 3:1. Overall median age of the death cases was 30.8 years (range 1 - 55). The most common diagnosis upon admission was pneumonia. Out of the deaths, twenty five (75.8%) had no documented underlying diseases. Chronic cardiovascular disease (9.1%) was the most commonly reported disease and 2 deaths (6.1%) were recorded as pregnant women. Conclusions: The most common diagnosis upon admission was pneumonia. Chronic cardiovascular diseases were the most commonly reported underlying conditions, while the most identified risk factor was pregnancy. These findings should be taken into consideration, when vaccination strategies are employed.

Knowledge &Utilization of Long Lasting Impregnated Nets among Housewives in Al Moneera City and Al Koozi Villages, Hodieda Governorate, Republic of Yemen 2007

Malaria is considered as one of the main health problem in the Republic of Yemen. In February 2006 National Malaria Control Program started freely distribution of Long Lasting Impregnated Nets (LLINs) for vulnerable groups to malaria infection (pregnant women and children under 5 years). After one year of distribution, there is a need to measure the use rate among vulnerable groups and explore factors affecting their use. The aim of the study was to investigate the use rate of long lasting impregnated nets among children under five years and pregnant women in Al Moneera city and Al Koozi villages of Hodieda governorate. Methodology: Cross section study with multistage sample, Random selection of one urban and one rural locality. 768 housewives were interviewed, proportionally allocated sample according to the number of vulnerable groups in each locality. Systematic random sample to select households. Results: The use rate of LLINs for vulnerable groups was 74.3% CI (71.2 - 77.4). There was no statistically significant association between the use of LLINs and residence, also with ages of housewives, occupation, type of house, but there is strong statistically significant association between use of LLINs and having correct information about how to use and to take care of them P value < 0.001, also with educational status of housewives;P value 0.03 and educational status of fathers;P value 0.01. (84%) have correct information about how to use and take care of LLINs and the main source of information was health workers who distributed them. Only 13.4% realized pregnant women as a vulnerable group to malaria infection while about 77.9% realized children as a vulnerable group to malaria infection. The main reason of LLINs use (84.8%) was protection from nuisance of insects. Conclusion and recommendations: There is shortage in the information about the protective effect of LLINs from malaria infection and the main reason of using them is protection from nuisance of insects. There is a need to increase health awareness about the role of LLINs in malaria prevention.

The Influence of the Learning Environment on Learner Autonomy： A Comparative Study of Polish and Yemeni EFL Undergraduate Learners

The goal of autonomous language learning is to create an atmosphere where learners take charge of their own learning. Creating this atmosphere encounters various challenges which are partially context-specific. Influenced by the learning environment, learnners of different educational contexts vary in their degree of autonomy. The present study examines the impact of the learning environment on learner autonomy at higher education. The study focuses on the differences between Polish and Yemeni EFL （English as a Foreign Language） learners with respect to their autonomy in language learning. A questionnaire was distributed to a total of 140 （59 Polish and 81 Yemeni） undergraduate learners. The questionnaire was coded into seven categories： beliefs and attitudes, planning, management, self-regulation, sources and materials, in-class responsibility, and out-of-class responsibility. Data were analysed quantitatively via SPSS （Statistical Product and Service Solutions）. Independent Sample t-Test is used to investigate the differences between Polish and Yemein learners and Pearson Correlation is used to perform correlational analysis among the seven categories. The results show significant differences between Polish and Yemeni learners in some of the categories as well as a significant correlation among other categories

Confirming Ground Geophysical Survey for Mineralization in Al Bayda Area,Yemen

The Jabal Mabal-prospect of Al Bayda area is covered by meta-volcano sedimentary rocks. The importance of the study area comes from previous studies, which proved that the area has mineralization zones at the periphery of Jabal Al-Mabal. These mineralized zones lie along northwest-southeast shear zones, which occur inside the meta-volcanic rocks. The previous studies concluded that the mineralization was mostly associated with sulphides, especially at the reduction zones. These sulphides give a good response to electrical or electromagnetic techniques. The present study uses electrically induced polarization and Genie electromagnetic surveys to explore the extension of the mineralization zones at the subsurface.The self-potential (SP) technique shows numerous of mineralized zones. Most of these zones are distributed in the southern area along the contact between the quartz and gabbro. The induced polarization (IP) method has been applied on the selected profiles to delineate the subsurface contact between calcite, gabbro and quartz in Al-Jarra Valley and to calculate the shape and depth of the mineralization zones in the subsurface along these profiles. The Genie electromagnetic survey, which has been applied on selected profiles, delineated some weak mineralization occurrences corresponding to the shear zones. The integration of the results obtained using these three techniques, in addition to the different ground geophysical methods previously used, makes it possible to determine the most appropriate zones for development of exploration at the area of investigation.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice toward Coronavirus (Covid-19) among Laboratory & Nursing Students of Hadhramout University, in Mukalla City, Yemen

Background: As future healthcare providers, nursing students must have high-quality knowledge and be able to respond to rapid changes in any situation, such as the pandemic Covid-19. The condition of these students reflects the readiness of nursing students to face the increasing cases in the country. Since December 2019, coronavirus (Covid-19), a novel infectious disease that emerged, has spread worldwide, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared that the infection is a “pandemic” and no country or region can be considered safe. The World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus a global health emergency (pandemic) on January 30, 2020. The novel coronavirus is a highly contagious disease, and the current outbreak has affected a large portion of the population around the world. Public health and social interventions play a critical role in reducing the number of infections and deaths until the vaccine is available to all. Objective: To determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice toward Coronavirus (Covid-19) among Laboratory & Nursing students of Hadhramout University, in Mukalla City, Yemen. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional. Stratified random sampling is used in sample selection to ensure that laboratory and nursing students total of 130 (70, 60) were included in the study. The sample was randomly selected from one hundred students, 50 laboratory students, and 50 nursing students studying at Hadhramout College. Time of study from October to December 2021. Results: The statistical analysis of data collected in this study showed that the awareness of coronavirus knowledge was high, as indicated by the percentage of correct answers. 78% of the nursing students obtained the highest percentage of knowledge about coronavirus, while more than 75% of the laboratory students, relied on social media as their main source of Covid-19 information. The College of Nursing students got the highest percentage of resource information about the Coronavirus 44%. Also we reported negative attitudes in general among nursing students and laboratory students at Hadhramout University, with 31% and 35% of nursing students and laboratory students respectively. On the other hands, we noted that (39%) of nursing students received a greater percentage of practice about Coronavirus than (37%) of laboratory students. So, they had a negative practice in general. Conclusion: The present study shows that knowledge about coronavirus is high, but attitudes and practices toward coronavirus (Covid-19) among laboratory and nursing students at Hadhramout University in Mukalla, Yemen, are generally negative.

The Republic of Yemen Petroleum Overview

AbstractYemen located on the southwest corner of the Arabian Peninsula. It is known that Yemen is important to world energy markets because of its oil and natural gas resources as well as its strategic location at the Bab el-Mandab strait linking the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. Due to the Ministry of Oil and Mineral Resources (MOMR, 1998E) the Yemeni Oil Production was estimated to be 385 000 barrels per day (bbl/d), Oil Consumption was 69 000 bbl/d and Net Oil Exports was 316 000 barrels per day (bbl/d). On 1999 the Yemeni Proven Oil Reserves was estimated to be 4 billion barrels and the Natural Gas Reserves was estimated to be 16.9 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) (Ministry of Oil and Mineral Resources, 1999). At this time, many researchers, scientific expeditions and foreign companies are interested in Yemen. This paper discussed the petroleum overview of the Republic of Yemen. In my opinion, Yemen is not just going to attract all with its oil and gas discoveries in the near future, but also with its new geological data and information.