A Method for Detecting and Recognizing Yi Character Based on Deep Learning

Aiming at the challenges associated with the absence of a labeled dataset for Yi characters and the complexity of Yi character detection and recognition,we present a deep learning-based approach for Yi character detection and recognition.In the detection stage,an improved Differentiable Binarization Network(DBNet)framework is introduced to detect Yi characters,in which the Omni-dimensional Dynamic Convolution(ODConv)is combined with the ResNet-18 feature extraction module to obtain multi-dimensional complementary features,thereby improving the accuracy of Yi character detection.Then,the feature pyramid network fusion module is used to further extract Yi character image features,improving target recognition at different scales.Further,the previously generated feature map is passed through a head network to produce two maps:a probability map and an adaptive threshold map of the same size as the original map.These maps are then subjected to a differentiable binarization process,resulting in an approximate binarization map.This map helps to identify the boundaries of the text boxes.Finally,the text detection box is generated after the post-processing stage.In the recognition stage,an improved lightweight MobileNetV3 framework is used to recognize the detect character regions,where the original Squeeze-and-Excitation(SE)block is replaced by the efficient Shuffle Attention(SA)that integrates spatial and channel attention,improving the accuracy of Yi characters recognition.Meanwhile,the use of depth separable convolution and reversible residual structure can reduce the number of parameters and computation of the model,so that the model can better understand the contextual information and improve the accuracy of text recognition.The experimental results illustrate that the proposed method achieves good results in detecting and recognizing Yi characters,with detection and recognition accuracy rates of 97.5%and 96.8%,respectively.And also,we have compared the detection and recognition algorithms proposed in this paper with other typical algorithms.In these comparisons,the proposed model achieves better detection and recognition results with a certain reliability.

The Research of the Relationship Between Yangming’s Yixue and His Xinxue

Yangming’s Yixue had been developed several times in his life since originated in Longchang.Yangming’s Yixue and his Xinxue are both sides of the same corn.The Yangming’s Yixue can be roughly divided into two periods.There were the early and middle period of Yangming’s Yixue,which is intended to explain the principles of Yi Zhuan(《易传》)with the theory of Xinxue.The finish of Yangming’s Yixue was a second stage in Yangming’s later years.From the perspective of form and content,there are differences that cannot be ignored between Yangming’s early and middle period and his later years.In the first stage of Yangming’s study,the“Virtuousness”(贞)in Book of Changes is the principle and nature in university.In the later period,Yangming had not focused on interpreting the“Yi Zhuan”,but on the interpretation of ZhouYi’s(《周易》)principles to supplement the connotation of the propositions of Xinxue.This article intends to understand the relationship between Yangming’s Yixue and his Xinxue by dividing the different stages of Yangming’s Yixue firstly.Then by focusing on the influence of Yangming’s later years’Yixue on his Xinxue,we can observe the relation between his Yixue and Xinxue.

Rethinking Yi’an(Medical Cases)as a Tool for Narrative Medicine in China

When narrative medicine(NM)was introduced into China,traditional Chinese medicine scholars found that the core concepts advocated by NM are manifested in Chinese yi’an.But why NM echoes with ancient Chinese yi’an?How can we better integrate NM into Chinese medical practices?To answer those questions,this article first investigates how NM establishes itself as a remedy to biomedicine by taking traditional healing models including TCM as its ideal Other.Then,the narrative traditions of both case histories and yi’an are examined respectively.This article argues that NM is searching for a lost tradition of narrative case histories,but yi’an functions as a living tradition of TCM.The Parallel Chart in NM,designed as a complement to the dehumanized hospital chart,is still based on a dichotomy of science and art and a conflictual doctor-patient model.But yi’an exemplifies the holistic and humane healthcare that NM hopes to achieve.A comparison of both genres also inspired us to rethink the genre of yi’an in NM.Thus,it is concluded that yi’an should be viewed as an epistemic genre integrating individualization and generalization,a bridge linking medicine and literature.And narrative yi’an can well serve as a tool for NM in China.It is also proposed that a thick description of yi’an be encouraged to further promote a pluralistic NM in China.

Research on the Ecological Wisdom of Traditional Dwellings of the Liangshan Yi Nationality Based on Regional Climate

As a typical building with ethnic and regional characteristics in southwest Chi-na, its construction skills contain rich local ecological wisdom. The detailed analysis of the climatic and geomorphological features of the Liangshan Yi nationality area shows that the thermal mass effect is the first choice for the passive adjustment strategy of residential dwellings. This study focuses on the typical representatives of traditional dwellings in Meigu County, analyzing the wisdom of ecological construction to improve the thermal mass effects of res-idential buildings at the macro (village), moderate (courtyard), and micro (building unit) levels. Based on this analysis, the study summarizes the “genetic factor library” of the ecological construction mode of traditional Yi residential dwellings. Finally, the measured data of the residential thermal environment and the simulation data of Ecotect software are used to study and judge the logic behind its ecological construction wisdom. The results show that the tradi-tional dwellings of the Yi nationality in Liangshan have six aspects of local en-vironmental knowledge to improve the thermal mass effects performance of buildings. The winter thermal environment of the house is comfortable, and the heat is sufficient;Rammed earth materials in residential buildings have more potent, powerful, and robust thermal mass effects performance than stone slabs and wooden boards.

润滑剂YI对聚氯乙烯塑料流变性能的影响

采用毛细管流变仪，考察润滑剂ＹＩ用量对ＰＶＣ流变性能的影响。实验表明，流体非牛顿指数ｎ＜１，并随ＹＩ用量增加而下降。ＹＩ使ＰＶＣ熔体粘度大幅度减少，在硬质ＰＶＣ中，ＹＩ用量在０．６～１．０ＰＨＲ作用最明显；在软质ＰＶＣ中，当剪切速率γ＞５００ｓ－１时，少量ＹＩ就能使熔体粘度下降。并测定了不同ＹＩ用量ＰＶＣ的流动活化能，随ＹＩ用量增加，Ｅη略有下降。

YI酸锌及其互配物作为PVC热稳定剂的性能研究

以YI酸和氧化锌为原料,制备了YI酸锌。对产品进行了物化常数检测;将YI酸锌与YI酸钙、硬脂酸钙、亚磷酸三苯酯进行了互配,通过热老化箱实验法、刚果红试纸法对YI酸锌及其互配系统进行了综合评价。结果表明,YI酸锌对PVC具有优异的热稳定性能;当稳定剂加入量为2份时,YI酸锌/硬脂酸钙的最佳比例为4/6,YI酸锌/硬脂酸钙/亚磷酸三苯酯的最佳比例为2/3/5。

尖孢镰刀菌PO-Yi对蔬菜土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯的降解作用（英文）

试验模拟低中高3个污染水平、6种PAEs（DMP、DEP、DIBP、DBP、BBP和DEHP）的污染,利用课题组前期筛选出的高效降解真菌,尖孢镰刀菌PO-Yi（Fusariumoxysporum）,通过盆栽试验进-步研究其对蔬菜（辣椒、茄子）土壤中PAEs的降解作用.结果表明,PO-Yi可以不同程度地促进蔬菜（辣椒和茄子）土壤中PAEs的降解,其中绝对降解率最高的为DEP,在20mg/kg的PAEs污染水平时,达39.5%,比10mg/kg的PAEs提高了14.2%,对辣椒土壤中的降解效果要比茄子土壤中的降解效果好;尖孢镰刀菌PO-Yi菌对3种污染程度不同的辣椒土壤和茄子土壤都有良好的生物修复表现,30d内能将总量60mg/kgPAEs降解76.8%和63.1%;菌株PO-Yi、土著微生物和不同蔬菜作物（辣椒与茄子）在PAEs复合污染的盆栽土壤中表现出对土壤PAEs降解的协同效应.

尖孢镰刀菌PO-Yi对蔬菜土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯的降解作用（英文）

试验模拟低中高3个污染水平、6种PAEs(DMP、DEP、DIBP、DBP、BBP和DEHP)的污染,利用课题组前期筛选出的高效降解真菌,尖孢镰刀菌PO-Yi(Fusarium oxysporum),通过盆栽试验进一步研究其对蔬菜(辣椒、茄子)土壤中PAEs的降解作用。结果表明,PO-Yi可以不同程度地促进蔬菜(辣椒和茄子)土壤中PAEs的降解,其中绝对降解率最高的为DEP,在20mg/kg的PAEs污染水平时,达39.5%,比10mg/kg的PAEs提高了14.2%,对辣椒土壤中的降解效果要比茄子土壤中的降解效果好;尖孢镰刀菌PO-Yi菌对3种污染程度不同的辣椒土壤和茄子土壤都有良好的生物修复表现,30d内能将总量60mg/kgPAEs降解76.8%和63.1%;菌株PO-Yi、土著微生物和不同蔬菜作物(辣椒与茄子)在PAEs复合污染的盆栽土壤中表现出对土壤PAEs降解的协同效应。

植物乳杆菌YI-Y 2013冻干保护剂配方优化

为制备鲜湿米粉发酵剂,以分离自米粉自然发酵液的植物乳杆菌YI-Y 2013的菌体存活率为目标,在单因素试验基础上,经过Plackett-Burman试验筛选出有显著效果的3种保护剂:山梨醇、麦芽糊精和甘油,进一步通过中心组合试验设计和响应面分析得到显著性的拟合回归方程。结果表明,最佳保护剂配方为:山梨醇浓度1.1g/100g,麦芽糊精浓度24.8g/100g,甘油浓度2.4g/100g,该条件下菌体存活率为(76.08±2.68)%,与预测值较为接近。

Holidays of the Yi People in. Liangshan Yizu Autonomous Regions

China has 56 nationalities,each having it’s own unique holidays.Whether the holidaymemorialize a famous person or historical event each has a colourful story behind it.For the Yi people,the primary festivals are Transplanting Flowers Day,Herding Day,Buckwheat Day,Torch Festival and New Year’s celebration.The Yi who live along the Jin-Sha River bank,near Hui-Li county in Sichuan Provincedress themselves up each year on the 15th day of the first lunar month.They climb up the sur-

Traditional Chinese medicine “Qing Yi Tang” alleviates oxygen free radical injury in acute necrotizing pancreatitis

ＴｒａｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ“ＱｉｎｇＹｉＴａｎｇ”ａｌｅｖｉａｔｅｓｏｘｙｇｅｎｆｒｅｅｒａｄｉｃａｌｉｎｊｕｒｙｉｎａｃｕｔｅｎｅｃｒｏｔｉｚｉｎｇｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｔｉｓＬＩＺｈａｎＬｉａｎｇ１，ＷＵＣｈｅｎｇＴａｎ...

Intervention effect of traditional Chinese medicine Yi Tang Kang on metabolic syndrome of spleen deficiency

Objective:To investigate effects of herbal compound Yi Tang Kang on the spleen deficiency metabolic syndrome.Methods:Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups:the normal control group and the MS spleen deficiency syndrome group.The control group rats were fed with standard diet and water,while MS spleen deficiency syndrome group with high fat diet and low dose intraperitoneal injection of slreptozocin.which swam to the endurance limit.After 12 weeks,the MS spleen deficiency syndrome group was randomly divided into two groups,with 13 rats in each group.Flats in model group were fed with high fat diet and conlinuouly administered with daily saline,and rats in intervention group with high fat diet were trated with traditional Chinese medicines Yi Tang Kang by gavage,2 mL/200 g at the same lime every day.10 weeks later,the expression of serum proteomics was investigated through abdominal aortic puncture and separation of serum,using isotope labeling technique,high performance liquid chromatography and four bar-Orbitrap mass spectrometer.Results:After treatment with traditional Chinese medicine yitangkang,in the model group,important carboxylesterase and retinal guanylate cyclase 2 precursor were upregulated.As for intervention group,these indesxes were raised,but immunoglobulin IgG,carnitine acetyltransferase,tubulin beta-5,and Gan Lu sugar binding protein C were down-regulated.At the same time,some new biological active substances,such as protein tyrosine kinase,beta glucosidase were also found.Conclusions:Traditional Chinese medicines Yi Tang Kang could regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in rats with spleen deficiency syndrome.

Efficacy of Chinese medicine Yi-gan-kang granule in prophylaxis and treatment of liver fibrosis in rats

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of a Chinese medicine, Yi-gan-kang granule (granules for benefiting the liver), in prophylaxis and treatment of liver fibrosis in rats and its possible mechanism.METHODS: One hundred and forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into seven groups (20 each): group 1, blank control group without any interference during the study; group 2, CCl4-induced liver fibrosis group; group 3, pig serum-induced liver fibrosis group; group 4, prophylaxis group of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by Yi-gan-kang, group 5,prophylaxis group of pig serum-induced liver fibrosis by Yi-gan-kang, group 6, treatment group of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by Yi-gan-kang, group 7, treatment group of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by Yi-gan-kang. At wk 6, 10, 14 and 20(baseline for CCl4 or big serum induction), five rats in each group were anesthetized and their livers were removed for pathological studies including immunohistochemicalstudies for α-SMA, type Ⅰ collagen and in situ hybridization of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) mRNA of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Anti-lipid peroxidation in isolated mitochondria and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay for proliferation and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemedicated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL), flow cytometry and electron microscopy for apoptosis in isolated HSCs were also studied.RESULTS: The mean number of pseudolobuli at wk 10,14 and 20 in the prophylaxis group was significantly less than that in the control group (P＜0.05 or 0.01). The effectof prophylaxis at wk 14 in CCl4 rats and at wk 10 in pig serum-induced rats was much better than that of treatment group (P＜0.01). The thickness (in μm) of fibers both in pig serum-induced prophylaxis and in treatment groups at wk 14 and. 20 was significantly less than that in control group (P＜0.05). The number of fibers both in prophylaxis and in treatment groups from wk 10 or 14 to 20 was significantly less than that in control group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). The tissue HSC positive rates of type Ⅰ collagen, α-SMA and TIMP-1 mRNA, which represented the active phenotype of HSCs in tissues, remained very high from wk 6 to the end of model making in control group. While in prophylaxis group, they were at a relatively low level. In treatment group, there was a gradual decreasing trend. Time- and dose-dependent effects of anti-lipid peroxidation on isolated mitochondria, cell proliferation and apoptosis in cultured HSCs were also observed during the study.CONCLUSION: Yi-gan-kang can effectively inhibit or inverse the course of liver fibrogenesis in CCl4- and pig serum-induced rat models.

An Analysis on Rural Tourism Development Model in Yi County of Huangshan City

The Yi County's rural tourism model has changed a lot,gradually transferring from the single model to the composite model,which integrates sightseeing,touring,entertainment,leisure,vocation,and shopping. This article mainly focuses on the rural tourism development model. Yi County is a typical case for others,which gives a new development model.

Influence of social capital on the livelihood strategies of farmers under China's rural revitalization strategy in poor mountain areas: A case study of the Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture

Social capital in the form of social resources or social networks is one of the most important livelihood capital of farmers, which can increase the labor productivity of poor households and increase income. It is important to explore the reasons underlying the livelihood strategy choices of farmers from the perspective of social capital under China’s rural revitalization strategy. In this study, the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, a povertystricken mountainous area in southwestern China, was selected as the case study area, and multivariable linear regression models were constructed to analyze the influence of social capital on livelihood strategies.The results are as follows:(1) Individual social capital had a positive effect on non-agricultural livelihood strategies. On average, with a one-unit increase in individual social capital, the ratio of farmers’ nonagricultural income to total productive income(Income_Rto) increased by 0.002% and 0.062%,respectively. Collective social capital, with the Peasant Economic Cooperation Organization(PECO) as the carrier, had a negative effect on the non-agricultural livelihood strategies of farmers;on average, with a oneunit increase in PECO, Income_Rto decreased by approximately 0.053%. However, this effect was only significant in the river valley area.(2) The income differences among the different livelihood strategy types were explained by the livelihood strategy choices of farmers. As non-agricultural work can bring more benefits, the labor force exhibited one-way migration from villages to cities, resulting in a lack of the subject of rural revitalization. It is necessary to implement effective measures to highlight the role of PECO in increasing agricultural income for farmers. Finally,based on the above conclusions,policy recommendations with respect to livelihood transformation of farmers and rural sustainable development are discussed.

The Mode of Promoting Industrial Targeted Poverty Alleviation through Land Circulation in Western Mountainous Region of China——A Case Study of Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County in Yunnan Province

In the industrial targeted poverty alleviation,land circulation is a key process. Based on the national strategy of targeted poverty alleviation,this paper combined the industrial development of targeted poverty alleviation with land circulation. According to the field survey on the current situation of land circulation and promotion of the industrial poverty alleviation in the typical project area of Zhongping Village in Zhongping Town and Jiaowuying Village in Jiulong Town in Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County in Yunnan Province,located in the high mountain canyon area of Jinsha River in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in the west of China. This paper summarized and analyzed the organization and operation mechanism,basic practices and main results of the land circulation and promotion of industrial poverty alleviation model in the typical project area of the county. It also summarized the innovation and successful experience of the model,and then came up with measures to further promote the implementation of the model,so as to provide necessary reference for the implementation of land circulation and industrial targeted poverty alleviation for the poverty-stricken counties in Yunnan Province and similar provinces( cities,regions).

Tropical and Subtropical Urban Landscape Plant Cultivation in Southwest China—A Case Study of Honghe Hani and Yi Nationality Autonomous Prefecture

By studying current seedling production in Honghe Hani and Yi Nationality Autonomous Prefecture, tropical and subtropical urban landscape plant production in southwest China was analyzed. Local nurseries total 6.40 km 2 , accounting for 5.1% of total constructed land area in the prefecture, and only 0.02% of the total land area in the prefecture. Application of local plant species in landscape engineering and green coverage ratio lags far behind the indexes of Chinese livable city and indexes of relieving urban heat island effect. By making proper policies and measures, seedling production can be promoted, rare and endanged wild plant species should be fully used to construct garden city, control PM2.5 and protect the living environment.

Pharmacognostic Identification of Yi Medicine Herba Boenninghauseniae Albiflorae

[Objectives] To identify original plant and traits of Yi medicine Herba Boenninghauseniae Albiflorae,and provide experimental data for its identification and application. [Methods] The original plant,traits,and microscopic identification were used. [Results] Essential identification characteristics of Yi medicine Herba Boenninghauseniae Albiflorae: small leaf was 1-2. 5 cm long,while the gynophore was 4-8mm long when bearing fruit; traits mainly included characteristic odor,strong and bitter taste,and spicy flavor; microscopic exclusive identifying characteristics: rich aleurone grain in the root; leaf had lysigenous secretory cavity,and non-glandular hairs and oil droplets were common. [Conclusions] Yi medicine Herba Boenninghauseniae Albiflorae( Ebazema) has distinctive identifying characteristics in original plant,traits,and microscopic tissues. This study is expected to provide certain reference for identification of original plant and medicine and formulation of quality standard for Yi medicine Ebazema,and to provide basis for its further research and development.

Total Coumarin Content and Antioxidant Activity in Different Parts of Obazema, a Yi Medicine

[Objectives]This study aimed to determine the total coumarin content and antioxidant activity in vitro of Obazema,a Yi Medicine.[Methods]The extraction process of coumarin from Obazema was optimized by response surface method,and the total contents of coumarin in different sources and different parts of Obazema were compared.With Vc,chlorogenic acid and citric acid as positive controls,the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extracts of different parts of Obazema was determined.[Results]The optimum extraction process for coumarin from Obazema were as follows:80%ethanol,solid to liquid ratio 1∶67,extraction time 120 min and extraction temperature 57℃.The total contents of coumarin in roots,stems,leaves,flowers and fruit of Boenninghausenia sessilicarpa Levl.and B.albiflora(Hook.)Reichb.were 7.75,6.50,33.45 and 44.35,and 8.1,4.6,17.8 and 18.7 mg/g,respectively.The free radicle-scavenging activity of coumarin from Obazema had certain dose-effect relationship,and was slightly stronger than that of the positive drugs.Under the phenanthroline-Fe ^2+method,the free radicle-scavenging activity ranked as B.albiflora(Hook.)Reichb.>B.sessilicarpa Levl.>Vc>citric acid>chlorogenic acid;under the DPPH method,the free radicle-scavenging activity ranked as B.albiflora(Hook.)Reichb.>B.sessilicarpa Levl.>Vc>chlorogenic acid>citric acid;and under the ABSTS+method,the free radicle-scavenging capacity ranked was in the order as B.albiflora(Hook.)Reichb.>B.sessilicarpa Levl.>Vc>chlorogenic acid>citric acid.[Conclusions]There are significant differences in coumarin content between different sources and different parts of Obazema.When coumarin is used as the main active substance,Obazema is better harvested during the flowering period,and the free radicle-scavenging activity of B.sessilicarpa Levl.is higher than that of B.albiflora(Hook.)Reichb.The antioxidant activity of the flower-fruit ethanol extracts of B.sessilicarpa Levl.and B.albiflora(Hook.)Reichb.is stronger than that of the commonly used antioxidants such as Vc,chlorogenic acid and citric acid,which is related to antioxidant components in the ethanol extracts.