As an important part of railway lines, the healthy service status of track fasteners was very important to ensure the safety of trains. The application of deep learning algorithms was becoming an important method to r...As an important part of railway lines, the healthy service status of track fasteners was very important to ensure the safety of trains. The application of deep learning algorithms was becoming an important method to realize its state detection. However, there was often a deficiency that the detection accuracy and calculation speed of model were difficult to balance, when the traditional deep learning model is used to detect the service state of track fasteners. Targeting this issue, an improved Yolov4 model for detecting the service status of track fasteners was proposed. Firstly, the Mixup data augmentation technology was introduced into Yolov4 model to enhance the generalization ability of model. Secondly, the MobileNet-V2 lightweight network was employed in lieu of the CSPDarknet53 network as the backbone, thereby reducing the number of algorithm parameters and improving the model’s computational efficiency. Finally, the SE attention mechanism was incorporated to boost the importance of rail fastener identification by emphasizing relevant image features, ensuring that the network’s focus was primarily on the fasteners being inspected. The algorithm achieved both high precision and high speed operation of the rail fastener service state detection, while realizing the lightweight of model. The experimental results revealed that, the MAP value of the rail fastener service state detection algorithm based on the improved Yolov4 model reaches 83.2%, which is 2.83% higher than that of the traditional Yolov4 model, and the calculation speed was improved by 67.39%. Compared with the traditional Yolov4 model, the proposed method achieved the collaborative optimization of detection accuracy and calculation speed.展开更多
为解决煤矿巷道环境恶劣及人工疲劳驾驶电机车导致煤矿井下有轨电机车事故频发的问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv4-Tiny算法的YOLOv4-Tiny-4S矿井电机车多目标实时检测方法。首先,为了提高网络模型对于小目标的检测能力,将传统YOLOv4-Tiny...为解决煤矿巷道环境恶劣及人工疲劳驾驶电机车导致煤矿井下有轨电机车事故频发的问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv4-Tiny算法的YOLOv4-Tiny-4S矿井电机车多目标实时检测方法。首先,为了提高网络模型对于小目标的检测能力,将传统YOLOv4-Tiny的两尺度预测增加至4尺度预测,并且在网络模型的颈部引入空间金字塔池化(spatial pyramid pooling,SPP)模块,以丰富特征融合信息,增大网络模型的感受野。其次,以煤矿巷道中的行人、电机车、信号灯及碎石作为检测目标,创建矿井电机车多目标检测数据集,并分别采用K-means和K-means++聚类分析算法对数据集重新聚类;对比分析结果表明,K-means++算法具有更好的聚类效果。最后,通过对传统YOLOv4-Tiny算法的消融实验,进一步展示了不同改进措施对网络模型检测性能的影响;并在电机车运行的煤矿巷道场景中,对比分析了YOLOv4-Tiny-4S算法与其他几种算法的检测性能。实验结果表明:YOLOv4-Tiny-4S算法能够准确检测并识别出图像中的各类目标,其平均精度均值(mean average precision,mAP)为95.35%,对小目标“碎石”的平均精度(average precision,AP)为86.69%,相比传统YOLOv4-Tiny算法分别提高了12.38%和41.66%;改进后算法的平均检测速度达58.7帧/s(frames per second,FPS),模型内存仅为26.3 Mb,YOLOv4-Tiny-4S算法的检测性能优于其他算法。本文提出的基于YOLOv4-Tiny-4S矿井电机车多目标实时检测方法可为实现矿井电机车的无人驾驶提供技术支撑。展开更多
文摘As an important part of railway lines, the healthy service status of track fasteners was very important to ensure the safety of trains. The application of deep learning algorithms was becoming an important method to realize its state detection. However, there was often a deficiency that the detection accuracy and calculation speed of model were difficult to balance, when the traditional deep learning model is used to detect the service state of track fasteners. Targeting this issue, an improved Yolov4 model for detecting the service status of track fasteners was proposed. Firstly, the Mixup data augmentation technology was introduced into Yolov4 model to enhance the generalization ability of model. Secondly, the MobileNet-V2 lightweight network was employed in lieu of the CSPDarknet53 network as the backbone, thereby reducing the number of algorithm parameters and improving the model’s computational efficiency. Finally, the SE attention mechanism was incorporated to boost the importance of rail fastener identification by emphasizing relevant image features, ensuring that the network’s focus was primarily on the fasteners being inspected. The algorithm achieved both high precision and high speed operation of the rail fastener service state detection, while realizing the lightweight of model. The experimental results revealed that, the MAP value of the rail fastener service state detection algorithm based on the improved Yolov4 model reaches 83.2%, which is 2.83% higher than that of the traditional Yolov4 model, and the calculation speed was improved by 67.39%. Compared with the traditional Yolov4 model, the proposed method achieved the collaborative optimization of detection accuracy and calculation speed.
文摘为解决煤矿巷道环境恶劣及人工疲劳驾驶电机车导致煤矿井下有轨电机车事故频发的问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv4-Tiny算法的YOLOv4-Tiny-4S矿井电机车多目标实时检测方法。首先,为了提高网络模型对于小目标的检测能力,将传统YOLOv4-Tiny的两尺度预测增加至4尺度预测,并且在网络模型的颈部引入空间金字塔池化(spatial pyramid pooling,SPP)模块,以丰富特征融合信息,增大网络模型的感受野。其次,以煤矿巷道中的行人、电机车、信号灯及碎石作为检测目标,创建矿井电机车多目标检测数据集,并分别采用K-means和K-means++聚类分析算法对数据集重新聚类;对比分析结果表明,K-means++算法具有更好的聚类效果。最后,通过对传统YOLOv4-Tiny算法的消融实验,进一步展示了不同改进措施对网络模型检测性能的影响;并在电机车运行的煤矿巷道场景中,对比分析了YOLOv4-Tiny-4S算法与其他几种算法的检测性能。实验结果表明:YOLOv4-Tiny-4S算法能够准确检测并识别出图像中的各类目标,其平均精度均值(mean average precision,mAP)为95.35%,对小目标“碎石”的平均精度(average precision,AP)为86.69%,相比传统YOLOv4-Tiny算法分别提高了12.38%和41.66%;改进后算法的平均检测速度达58.7帧/s(frames per second,FPS),模型内存仅为26.3 Mb,YOLOv4-Tiny-4S算法的检测性能优于其他算法。本文提出的基于YOLOv4-Tiny-4S矿井电机车多目标实时检测方法可为实现矿井电机车的无人驾驶提供技术支撑。
