Electrode Process of Y（Ⅲ）on Nickel Electrode and Surface Metallizing

In this study, the electrochemical reduction of Y(Ⅲ)on nickel electrode has been investigated. The resultsshow that there are several plateaus for formation of intermetallic compounds preceding reduction peak ofyttrium. A linear relationship between the current and t￣(-1/2) has been obtained, showing that Cottrell's law isobeyed.

Electrode Process of Y^(3+) Ion on Copper Electrode and Surface Alloying

The reduction of yttrium ion on copper electrode in NaCl-KCl-YCl3 molten salts has been investigated.The results indicate that several humps for formation of intermetallic compounds occur before metallic yttrium is produced. The formation of intermetallic compounds is controlled by diffusion of yttrium into copper electrode. The application of theoretical results to diffusion of yttrium atoms into copper substrate is discussed also.

抗坏血酸在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上电极过程的研究

运用循环伏安(CV)法、计时电量法和稳态极化曲线法研究了抗坏血酸(AA)在多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极(MWCNT/GCE)上的电化学行为.实验表明:AA在MWCNT/GCE上的电极过程为扩散控制的不可逆过程,其极限扩散电流id为1.500×10-5A,扩散系数D0为1·634×10-5cm2/s,标准电极电势时的电极反应速率常数ks为1·694×10-3?/s.

Electrochemical study of different membrane materials for the fabrication of stable,reproducible and reusable reference electrode

Fabrication of stable,reproducible and reusable reference electrodes for low energy and high-temperature steam splitting is of great interest for hydrogen fuel production without anthropogenic carbon dioxide(CO2)emission.This study has been conducted for the detection of suitable material for the fabrication of novel reference electrode.In the present scenario,this research is designed to fabricate a novel nickel reference electrode by using operating conditions of eutectic molten hydroxide(NaOH-KOH,49-51 mol%)at temperature 300℃in an ion-conducting membrane of alumina and mullite tube.Afterwards,the designed nickel reference electrode has been examined for its reusability and stability by using electrochemical technique and cyclic voltammetry.Five scans of cyclic voltammetry are performed for both membrane fabricated reference electrode.A slight positive shift in oxidation peaks is observed for mullite membrane electrode(64 mV from scan 1 to 5).The stability measurements are noted by changing the scan rate between 50 and 150 mV s−1.Furthermore,the results show that the Ni/Ni(OH)2 reference electrode covered with a mullite membrane is stable and reusable at 300℃temperature without any deterioration.The stability and reusability of prepared nickel reference electrode covered by mullite tube in the eutectic molten hydroxide were up to 9 days to carry out an electrochemical investigation,while for alumina tube reference electrode the stability and reliability were up to 3 days.The internal electrolytic material and ionic conductance can play an important role for future studies with this reference electrode along with optimisation of temperature and scan rate parameters.

循环伏安法原理的分析与讨论

循环伏安(CV)法是重要的电化学研究方法之一。然而大学仪器分析课程中只对其测量原理作了简单陈述,而未对测试过程中发生的电极反应作深入介绍,使学生无法深刻理解CV曲线的含义。本文从电极反应过程入手,讨论了电极/界面处电活性物质浓度随电势变化的规律,以及浓度和扫描速度等对CV曲线的影响。最后,剖析了蕴含在CV中的哲学原理。本讨论可为教学提供一定的参考。

金属离子杂质对电镀锡过程的动力学影响研究

锡镀层具有优良的抗腐蚀性能及可焊性,被广泛用作电子元器件的保护性和可焊接性镀层。随着电子信息技术的发展,对电镀锡镀层质量也有了更高的要求。在电镀锡过程中,镀液成分及含量是保证镀层质量的关键。随着镀液使用时间的推移,镀液中的金属离子杂质浓度会逐渐增大,当镀液中的金属离子杂质达到一定浓度后,就会对镀层质量产生较大的影响。采用旋转环盘电极研究在电镀过程中两种主要的金属离子杂质(Fe2+、Ni2+)对锡离子还原动力学的影响,进一步解释了金属离子杂质导致锡镀层质量差的原因,研究结果对电镀锡工艺开发以及过程控制具有一定的指导意义。

The Application of Novel Electrochemical Approach to Antioxidant Activity Assay of Metal Porphyrins with Bulky 3,5-Diisobornyl-4-hydroxyphenyl Moieties

The complexes of biogenic metals (Zn2+,Cu2+,Co2+,Mn3+,Fe3+) based on meso-tetra(3,5-diisobor- nyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin 1 were synthesized. The electrochemical behavior of these com-pounds was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and rotating disk electrode (RDE) techniques. The antioxidant activity of complexes was estimated by means of the electrochemical assay based on the hydrogen atom transfer reaction to the stable radical 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The RDE method was applied for this process monitoring. It was shown that the efficiency of the metal complexes (Cu2+,Co2+,Mn2+,Ni2+,Fe3+) is practically the same order as that of free base porphyrin 1. However the Zn2+ complex demonstrates significantly higher antioxidant activity, and the stoichiometry of the reaction was determined as σ = 4. The results demonstrate that porphyrin macrocycle can directly affect the antioxidant properties of 2,6-diisobornylphenol.

舒乐安定在铂离子注入修饰电极上的电化学行为及其应用

舒乐安定在0.1 mol/L NH3-NH4Cl缓冲溶液(pH 9.40)中,用线性扫描伏安法,在Pt/GC离子注入修饰电极上,形成一良好的线性扫描伏安还原峰,峰电位Ep=-0.70V(vs.SCE)。其峰电流与舒乐安定浓度在3.0×10-9-1×107和1×10-7-1.5×10-6mol/L范围内呈线性关系,相关系数均为0.9999,检出限为3.0×10-9mol/L。并用于片剂的测定,回收率在96.5％～98.5％之间,结果是可靠的。用循环伏安法研究了体系的性质。实验表明,电极过程为不可逆吸附。用AES、XPS和SEM等表面分析方法证明,Pt离子确实注入到玻碳基体电极表面,Pt以原子态存在,催化了舒乐安定的还原。

Mn^(3+)/Mn^(2+)氧化还原体系的旋转圆盘电极法性能

The electrochemical behaviors of Mn 3+ /Mn 2+ redox couple used as the cathodic electroactive material in a new electrochemical storing energy system (redox flow cell) were studied by means of RDE techniques on platinum electrode.The experiment results showed that kinetics of electrode process was controlled by mass transported on the static Pteledtrode;and on RDE electron transfer and/or mass transport could become the rate controlling step of the electrode process depending on the magnitude of the overpotential and the rotating speed of RDE.

络合吸附催化不可逆循环叠式方波伏安法

研究了络合吸附催化不可逆体系受前行化学反应控制（Ｋ １）和不受前行化学反应控制（Ｋ １）两种情况下的循环叠式方波伏安法的电流理论，并进行了实验验证，讨论了电流特性，获得区分Ｋ １和Ｋ １的判据。对于上述体系的测定，循环叠式方波伏安法的灵敏度比普通差式采样方波伏安法高一个数量级以上。

Electrochemical behavior of Li incorporation in Al in LiTFSI/KTf molten salt electrolyte

The electrochemical behavior of lithium incorporated in aluminum electrode in LiTFSI/KTf （lithium bis （trifluoromethylsulfonyl） amide/CF3SO3K） molten salt electrolyte was studied by a variety of electrochemical techniques including cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry and chronoamperometry. The reduction reaction is found involving a nucleation process on the aluminum electrode. The results of chronopotentiometry indicate that the process of lithium incorporation in aluminum is smooth and uniform. The galvanostatic cycle experiments show that the coulombic efficiency is very low in the first cycle, which is mainly due to the ＂retention capacity＂ of Li-Al alloys. This characteristic is testified by the results of XRD and SEM. The results of chronoamperometry indicate that the incorporation of lithium into aluminum for the formation of a-phase Li-Al alloy is limited by its diffusion rate, with a measured diffusion coefficient of 1.8× 10^-10 cm2/s.

金属有机骨架材料修饰玻碳电极循环伏安法测定维生素C片中抗坏血酸

合成了金属有机骨架材料(Zn-MOFs),通过电沉积方法将Zn-MOFs修饰到玻碳电极表面,制得Zn-MOFs修饰玻碳电极。采用循环伏安法在pH 5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中以扫描速率100mV·s^(-1)对Zn-MOFs修饰玻碳电极进行表征。结果表明:相比于裸玻碳电极,Zn-MOFs修饰玻碳电极提高了抗坏血酸氧化活性。抗坏血酸的线性范围为4×10^(-5)~1×10^(-2) mol·L^(-1),方法的检出限(3s/k)为6.7×10^(-6) mol·L^(-1)。方法用于维生素C片样品的分析,加标回收率为91.0%~109%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)为0.80%~1.9%。

钇离子在铜电极上的电极过程及表面合金化

钇离子在铜电极上的电极过程及表面合金化周春根，段淑贞（北京科技大学理化系，北京１０００８３）通过熔盐电化学表面合金化方法获得的镀层非常均匀、无裂纹，具有很强的抗腐蚀性能，其原因是获得的合金镀层系由一种金属原子向另一种基体金属表面扩散的结果￣［１，２］...

络合吸附催化循环叠式方波伏安法

对受前行化学反应控制的络合吸附催化体系循环叠式方波伏安法进行了理论推导和实验验证，讨论了电流的特性。结果表明，对于络合吸附催化体系的测定，循环叠式方波伏安法的灵敏度比现行方波伏安法高约２５倍。

萘乙酸电化学降解机理研究

用三电极体系循环伏安法研究了萘乙酸溶液体系的电化学行为,对萘乙酸的电极还原-氧化过程及其可逆性、控制因素进行了探索性研究;研究了温度、扫描速率、通氮除氧、硫酸钠、扫描次数等因素对萘乙酸溶液电极过程的影响.该研究结果为环境中萘乙酸电化学处理工艺的选择提供了参考依据.

铈对锂在铝电极上电极过程的影响

利用循环伏安法和计时电流法研究了铈在铝电极上的电极过程和铈对锂在铝电极上电极过程的影响。铈不仅改善了锂铝合金的电化学性能，而且改进了铝基体材料的物理性能。为制备锂铝合金阳极提供了依据。

木犀草素Zn(II)和Cu(II)配合物的合成及电化学性质研究

在无水乙醇溶液中,用木犀草素和醋酸铜、醋酸锌合成两种鲜见报道的木犀草素金属配合物,并通过元素分析、红外光谱、电子光谱和摩尔电导等表征手段,确定了配合物的结构。并研究了木犀草素Zn(II)和木犀草素Cu(II)配合物化学修饰碳糊电极在pH 5 B-R缓冲溶液中的电化学行为。

含铝络合离子在铜电极上的电沉积

采用循环伏安法研究了含铝络合离子在铜电极上的电沉积,以探明含铝络合离子在铜电极上的电极过程及表面合金化.循环伏安结果表明,含铝络合离子在铜电极上还原时,铝络合离子首先被还原为金属铝,接着生成的金属铝与铜基体形成铜铝合金.电沉积实验后采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪和X射线物相分析仪对样品进行形貌表征及成分分析,扫描电镜及样品侧面线扫描照片结果表明,含铝络合离子在铜电极上析出时与铜基体形成合金,具有明显的过渡层.X射线物相分析结果表明合金为AlCu和Al2Cu,这与铝在铜电极上的循环伏安曲线相吻合,即生成两种新的产物铜铝合金.

Ln^(3+)在LnF_3-LiCl-KCl熔盐体系中的电化学行为

钍的分离和再利用是熔盐堆钍铀燃料循环的重要组成部分,钍与裂变产物特别是化学性质相似的镧系元素的分离是熔盐堆氟盐燃料处理的关键之一。利用循环伏安法和方波伏安法研究了773 K下多种镧系元素氟化物(w=3%)在LnF_3-LiCl-KCl熔盐中的电化学行为。研究结果表明:Ce^(3+)和Gd^(3+)在惰性电极上均一步还原为金属,Nd^(3+)则是通过两步反应还原为金属,而Sm^(3+)和Eu^(3+)只能还原为低价态的Sm^(2+)和Eu^(2+);Th和Ln在惰性金属阴极上的析出电位差ΔE均大于0.19 V,在LiCl-KCl熔盐体系中实现Th与Ln的电化学分离在理论上是可行的;与纯氯盐体系相比,少量F-的引入不会改变Ln^(3+)在惰性电极上的电极反应过程,F-的存在使得Ln^(3+)在LiCl-KCl熔盐中的活度降低,从而导致扩散系数减小。此研究结果为了解Th4+)和Ln^(3+)在含F-氯盐体系中的电化学行为和建立可行的分离方法提供了基础实验依据。

Effect of Cerium on Lithium-Aluminium Anode

The electrode kinetics of cerium on aluminium electrode and its effects on the behavior of the lithium-aluminium anode were studied by using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The electrochemical properties and physical behavior of lithium-aluminium anode were improved by adding cerium into aluminium before lithium was deposited. Some parameters for preparing lithium-aluminium electrodes were also given.