Determination of Astragaloside IV in Yupingfeng Oral Solution by HPLC-ELSD Method

[Objective] This study aimed to establish a method for determining the content of Astragaloside IV in Yupingfeng oral solution.[Method] The HPLC-ELSD method was adopted.The chromatographic column was Venusil MP（4.6 mm × 150 mm,5 μm）.The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water（35∶65）.The ELSD evaporator tube temperature was 65 ℃.N2 was used as the carrier gas（pressure,30 psi）.[Result] When the content of Astragaloside IV ranged from 0.5 to 5.0 μg,the Astragaloside IV content showed a good linear relationship with peak area（r=0.999,n=6）.The average recovery was 96.36%,and the RSD was 2.46%.[Conclusion] This method is accurate and reliable,and can be applied in the quality control of Yupingfeng oral solution.

Effect of Yupingfeng granules on HA and Foxp3^+ Treg expression in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Objective: To investigate the effect of Yupingfeng on hyaluronic acid(HA) and Foxp3+ Treg in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: A total of 58 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were divided into two groups, 30 cases in the treatment group, 28 cases in the control group. Patients in two groups were treated with synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment, the treatment group was treated with the Yupingfeng granules through oral administration, 10 g/time, tid for 2 courses. The serum Foxp3+ Treg markers of each group were detected by flow cytometry assay before treatment and after treatment, and the level of HA in serum was detected by radio immunoassay. Results: After radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the contents of Foxp3+ Treg and HA were significantly decreased in two groups(P<0.05), and the decrease of treatment group was more significantly(P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed positive correlation between Foxp3+ Treg and HA(P<0.05). After treatment, the incidence of side effects in two groups was significantly decreased. And there was significant difference between two groups(P<0.05). Conclusions: Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy with Yupingfeng treatment can decrease the levles of Foxp3+ Treg and HA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Yupingfeng can also effectively reduce the side effect due to radiation and chemotherapy.

Effects of Yupingfeng Polysaccharides on the Spleen Tissue Structure of Acute and Chronic Immunocompromised Mice

[Objectives] To study the protective and recovery effects of Yupingfeng polysaccharides( YPF-P) on spleen tissue structure of acute and chronic immunocompromised mice. [Methods]First,90 mice in the protective group were injected with cyclophosphamide to replicate the chronic immunosuppressive model,and observe the protective effects of different doses of YPF-P on the spleen; 120 mice in the recovery group were injected with cyclophosphamide continuously to replicate the acute immune injury model,to observe the effects of YPF-P on spleen recovery. Besides,YPF-P positive control group was established to observe its effects on the spleen structure and function of normal mice. Testing indicators include spleen morphology and tissue structure,body mass,and spleen index. [Results]In the protective group and the recovery group,the spleen volume of the mice with different YPF-P doses increased significantly,and lymphocytes proliferated,showing obvious structural compensation and repair,and showing a dose-effect relationship. In the positive control group,the spleen function of the normal mice was significantly enhanced,and the spleen lymphoid tissue showed significant orderly proliferation. [Conclusions]Yupingfeng polysaccharides can effectively protect the function and structure of spleen,improve acute and chronic immune damage induced by cyclophosphamide,greatly promote the recovery of spleen structure and function after immune injury,and also can significant enhance the spleen structure and function of normal mice.

Effect of Yupingfeng Polysaccharide on Serum IL-2 and IFN-γ Levels in Immunosuppressive Mice

[Objective] The paper was to discuss regulation and protection effect of Yupingfeng polysaccharide （YPF-P） on immunosuppressive mice. [Method] Taking immunosuppressive mice induced by 80 mg/kg cyclophosphamide as test animal model, effects of different doses （100,200 and 400 mg/kg） of YPF-P on spleen index, serum IL-2 and IFN-γ levels of mice were studied. [ Result] High dose of YPF-P （400 mg/kg） could improve the spleen index of immunosuppressive mice （P 〈0.05）. YPF-P could enhance serum IL-2 and IFN-γ levels of immunosuppressive mice, and the effects in middle-dose group and low-dose group were better. YPF-P could significantly increase serum IL-2 level of normal mice （ P 〈 0.01 ）, but it had no significant effect on serum IFN-γ level of normal mice. [ Conclusion] The research provides an experimental basis for clinical application of YPF-P.

Study on the mechanism of Yupingfeng Powder in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking method

Objective:The mechanism of Yupingfeng Powder in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer was analyzed by network pharmacology and molecular docking method.Methods:Search the related literature and TCMSP database,query the chemical composition and action target of Yupingfeng powder,query the disease database of Genecards,OMIM,DisGeNET,Drugbank,etc.,use"non-small cell lung cancer"as the keyword to search the disease-related target,select the intersection target with Yupingfeng powder as the research target,and use Cytoscape 3.7.2 software to construct the active component-target network map.The protein-protein interaction network map was constructed by using STRING database,and the treatment core targets were further screened by topological parameters,and GO analysis and KEGG signal pathway enrichment analysis were carried out.Finally,molecular docking was verified.Results:37 active components of Yupingfeng Powder were screened,including 146 common targets and 44 core targets.GO analysis and KEGG analysis show that the core target participates in many biological processes such as angiogenesis and cell proliferation,and acts on a variety of signal pathways such as AGE-RAGE,IL-17,TNF,MAPK and so on.Molecular docking shows that the core compound has good docking activity with the target.Conclusion:Network pharmacological analysis shows that Yupingfeng powder in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer involves multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism,and the drug and target have good docking activity,which can provide theoretical basis for follow-up experimental research.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of additional Yupingfeng powder combined with western medicine treatment at stable period of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effect and safety of additional Yupingfeng powder combined with western medicine for the stable period of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Method:Databases including Pubmed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、CNKI、VIP、CBM and Wanfang Data base,were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials.for Chinese and English literature about randomized controlled trials of additional Yupingfeng in the treatment of COPD on stable stage which were published from the establishment of the database to December 2019.Two researchers independently screened for,selected studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and extracted data.Methodological quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.3 software.Results:Ninetine randomized controlled trials including 1511 patients with COPD were meta-analyzed.The total sample size was 1511.The results showed that the treatment grop with additional Yupingfeng powder could improve the clinical efficacy[OR=0.26,95%CI(0.18,0.37)],FEV1 percentage of the estimated value[MD=4.61,95%CI(2.43,6.79)],6MWD[MD=43.90,95%CI(29.48,58.32)]and patient's immunity IgA[MD=0.25,95%CI(0.17,0.34)]and can mitigate cough effectively[MD=-0.34,95%CI(-0.46,-0.23)].Conclusion:Additional Yupingfeng powder combined with routine treatment for COPD has more advantages than conventional treatment alone in improving the clinical efficacy,lung function,immune function and have less adverse events.As most of the included studies in this systematic evaluation had poor quality,the evidence to support conclusion was weak,so it was necessary to conduct more multi-center clinical trials with high quality methods and rigorous design.

Research Progress of Yupingfeng Powder in Clinical Application

Yupingfeng Powder is widely used in the treatment of respiratory,digestive,urinary,dermatological and ENT diseases.The author reviewed the animal pharmacology experiments and clinical cases in recent years,and summarized and analyzed the diseases he treated,providing ideas and methods for clinical users.

Impact of Yupingfengsan Oral Liquid on the Expression of IL-4, IFN-<i>γ</i>and NF-<i>κ</i>B of Allergic Rhinitis Mice

To observe the impact of Yupingfengsan Oral Liquid on the expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ in AR mice’s serum and expression level of nuclear factor—κB (NF-κB) protein and gene in nasal mucosa. Method: Forty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, Yupingfengsan Oral Liquid group (6 g/kg) and Loratadine group, with 10 mice per group. AR mice model was established by OVA, and IL-4 and IFN-γ contents can be measured with ELISA. The morphological changes of nasal mucosa were observed by hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and NF-κB expression in the nasal mucosa of mice was tested with Real-Time PCR and Western blot. Results: Compared with the model group, the nasal symptoms in the Yupingfengsan Oral Liquid group and Loratadine group were obviously relieved. HE staining showed that there was a little inflammatory cell infiltration in the nasal mucosa of Yupingfengsan Oral Liquid group and Loratadine group and it was significantly reduced when compared with the model group. IL-4 level in the serum and expression of NF-κB protein and gene in the nasal mucosa was consistent and it was decreased when compared with the model group (P < 0.01), but the IFN-γ level in the serum was increased (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Yupingfengsan Oral Liquid can improve the clinical symptoms and histopathological manifestations of AR mice sensitized by OVA, inhibit the NF-κB expression, balance the percentage of Th1/Th2 cells, increase the IFN-γ level in the serum and decrease the IL-4 level.

Yupingfeng Powder regulates immunity in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis

Objective:To use Meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Yupingfeng Powder(YPFP)in regulating the immune function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods:Computers were used to search databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP Database,China Biology Medicine disc(CBMdisc),Wanfang Database,PubMed,Cochrane Library,etc.Search all randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of YPFP in the treatment of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,with CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8,IgE,IgA,IgM,and IgG as the outcome indicators.Two reviewers independently conducted literature search,conducted literature quality evaluation with the risk bias assessment tool recommended by Cochrane Handbook,and conducted data extraction,discussed and resolved disputes,and used RevMan 5.3 software for Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 11 randomized controlled trials with 1,058 patients were included.According to the Meta-analysis,the results of the effectiveness analysis showed that after oral administration of YPFP in the stable phase of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,the test group CD3,CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8,IgA,IgE,IgM,IgG8 were better than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Oral administration of YPFP in the stable period of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can effectively regulate the immunity.However,the number of studies included in this study is small and the heterogeneity is large,and it is still necessary to design high-quality clinical trials for in-depth research.

Efficacy of Sodium Cromoglicate Eye Drops Combined with Yupingfeng Granules in the Treatment of Allergic Conjunctivitis

Purpose:To observe the clinical efficacy of sodium cromoglicate eye drops combined with Yupingfeng granules in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.Methods:.A total of 118 patients with allergic conjunctivitis were randomly divided into a combined sodium cromoglicate and Yupingfeng Granule (treatment)group(n=74) and a sodium cromoglicate (control) group (n=44).Clinical efficacy of the two treatments was evaluated by observing the changes in patients'symptoms and physical signs before and after their respective treatments.Results:.Following treatment,.the symptoms and physical signs related to allergic conjunctivitis were significantly alleviated in all 118 cases.The total efficacy of the combined sodium cromoglicate and Yupingfeng granule treatment was91.9%,.which was significantly higher than the value of 75.0%obtained with sodium cromoglicate alone(P<0.05).Conclusion:.Combined therapy of sodium cromoglicate eye drops and Yupingfeng granules had a high efficacy and no significant adverse reactions..Therefore,.this treatment deserves to be considered for wide application in clinical settings.

Anti-Inflammatory and Immunoregulatory Effects of Yupingfeng(玉屏风) Powder on Chronic Bronchitis Rats

Objective： To investigate the anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of Yupingfeng , Powder and its components in rats. Methods： A rat chronic bronchitis （CB） model was developed using lipopolysaccharide （LPS） combined with bacillus Calmette Guerin （BCG）. YPF, simple recipe Astragalus membranaceus （Fisch.） Bge （AM） and Astragalus membranaceus （Fisch.） Bge plus rhizome of Atractylodes macrocepha/a Koidz （AM＋RA） decoction were administered （intragastric administration, once a day for 21 days） to rats, to prevent and treat CB. Immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of YPF, AM and AM＋RA were tested by serum pharmacology in vitro on splenic lymphocytes of normal rats and alveolar macrophages of CB rats. Results： Inflammation in the pulmonary tissue and the bronchus of CB rats was significantly reduced in the YPF-treatment groups, AM and AM＋RA groups demonstrating the efficacy of YPF. Serum samples collected at different times from rats after administration of YPF, AM and AM＋RA demonstrated increased proliferation of splenic lymphocytes with area under the effect curve （AUE） of 552.6%, 336.3% and 452.0%, respectively. Treatment of alveolar macrophages with serum samples in YPF, AM or AM＋RA group inhibited interleukin-8 （IL-8） in the cell culture media, and the effect was much better in the YPF group compared with AM or AM＋RA group, with a higher maximal effect （Emax, P〈0.05） and larger AUE （P〈0.01 and P〈0.05）. Moreover, serum from rats treated with AM or AM＋RA had similar efficacy, while the efficiency was lower than that treated with YPF. Conclusion： YPF demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects in a rat model of CB, and time- dependent relationships were demonstrated in vitro.

Antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of total glucosides of Yupingfeng powder

Background Yupingfeng, a traditional Chinese complex prescription, has been used efficaciously in China for the cure and prevention of inflammatory diseases related to immunodeficiency such as allergic rhinitis and chronic bronchitis. However, the active components of this prescription remain unclear. The present study focused on investigating the antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of the glucosidic extract from Yupingfeng. Methods We tested animal models for ear swelling induced by dimethylbenzene in mice; palm swelling induced by carregeenin and granuloma induced by cotton pellet in rats; level of haemolysin, antibody generation by the splenic cells, delayed hypersensitivity and T cell subsets in spleen of immunosuppressed mice. Results Glucosidic extract of 24 mg/kg, 48 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg significantly inhibited mice＇s ear swelling induced by dimethylbenzene. Similarly glucosidic extract of 16 mg/kg, 32 mg/kg and 64 mg/kg inhibited rats＇ palm swelling induced by carregeenin and granuloma induced by cotton pellet. Glucosidic extract of 24 mg/kg, 48 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg improved the IgM level in serum and level of haemolysin in splenocytes in mice immunosuppressed by cyclophosphamide. Delayed hypersensitivity in mice suppressed by cyclophosphamide was enhanced by glucosidic extract of 24 mg/kg, 48 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg. These results suggested that Yupingfeng could recover humoral and cellular immune function in mice with immunosuppression. Glucosidic extract of 48 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg significantly resisted the immunosuppressive mice ear swelling and maintained it at nearly normal level. The enhanced, delayed hypersensitivity actions of glucosidic extract, suppressed by cyclophosphamide, might be brought about by inducing TH cell and regulating T lymphocytes subset. Conclusions The glucosidic extract from Yupingfeng has antiinflammatory and immunoregulation action, suggesting that these glucosides are the principal active components of the traditional Chinese prescription Yupingfeng.

Effect of Yupingfeng granules on the skin barrier in atopic dermatitis mice models

OBJECTIVE: To investigate effect of Yupingfeng granules, prepared with Chinese Medicines, on the wound healing and on the expression of aquaporin3(AQP3) and the skin barrier in the animal models of atopic dermatitis(AD).METHODS: Acute skin lesions of AD models were prepared using 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzo(DNCB) in mice and animals were treated with either Yupingfeng granules or placebo for two weeks. Skin wound healing outcome was assessed by measuring skin thickness, weight(quality) of the skin, and trans-epidermal water loss(TEWL). Expression of AQP3 mRNA and protein was assessed by reverse transcriotion polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and immunoblotting, respectively.RESULTS: Yupingfeng granule treatment resulted in significant acceleration of wound healing with63.64% efficiency, which was significantly higher than that of placebo granule treatment(31.82%,P < 0.01 by Wilcoxon Rank-sum test). Skin thickness, weight of the wounded skin, and TEWL were significantly higher in the AD models compared to that of normal animals. Treatment with Yupingfeng granules resulted in significant decrease in skin thickness [(937 ± 31) vs(360 ± 21) μm, P < 0.01],weight of the wounded skin [(42 ± 4) vs(24 ± 5)mg, P < 0.01], and TEWL [(30 ± 4) vs(13 ± 4) g·h^(-1)·m-2, P < 0.01]. Yupingfeng granules also significantly down-regulated mRNA and protein expression of AQP3 in the animal models.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested that Yupingfeng granules could be used in AD treatment.

Effects of Sijunzi decoction and Yupingfeng powder on expression of janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signal pathway in the brain of spleen-deficiency model rats

OBJECTIVE： To observe the influence of Sijunzi decoction and Yupingfeng powder on the expression of the relevant DNAs of janus kinase （JAK）-signal transducer and activator of transcription （STAT） sig- nal pathway of the brain in spleen-deficiency mod- el rats. METHODS： Eighty male Wistar rats of sanitary degree were divided randomly into four groups： nor- mal group, model group, treatment group 1, treatment group 2. Besides the rats in the normal group, all the rats in other 3 groups were prepared as spleen deficiency model. The treatment group 1 were treated with Sijunzi decoction and the treat- ment group 2 were treated with Yupingfeng powder. After treatment for 6 weeks, perfusion was given and the brain was taken for detection of the ex- pression of the relevant DNAs of JAK-STAT signal pathwayofthe brain in SD rats bygene chip method. RESULTS： Spleen deficiency could lead to increase expression of JAKI, STATI and Interleukin 4 （IL-4） in the brain, but the decrease expression of Suppres- sor of cytokine signaling I （SOCSI）, prolactin recep- tor （PRLR） and binding protein 3 （GATA 3）. Sijunzi decoction could increase expression of STAT3, Pro- lactin （PRL） and GATA3, but decrease expression of JAKI, STAT, STAT4, Interleukin 10 receptor, alpha （ILIORA）, Coagulation factor II （F2）, PRLR, MAD homolog 3 （SMAD3） and IL-4. Yupingfeng powder could decrease expression of JAKI, STATI, STAT4, SOCS4_ predicted, Epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）, PRLR, High mobility group AT-hook I （HMGAI 0）, IL-4. CONCLUSION： Sijunzi decoction and Yupingfeng powder can improve immune function of the rat through influencing the genetic expression of JAK-STAT signal pathway.

Identifying absorbable bioactive constituents of Yupingfeng Powder acting on COVID-19 through integration of UPLC-Q/TOF-MS and network pharmacology analysis

Objective:Yupingfeng Powder(YPF),a kind of preventative patent medicine,is chosen for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)due to its high frequency application in respiratory tract diseases,such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,asthma,respiratory tract infections,and pneumonia,with the advantage of reducing the relapse rate and the severity.However,the active components of YPF and the mechanisms of components affecting COVID-19 are unclear.This study aimed to determine active constituents and elucidate its potential mechanisms.Methods:Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLCQ/TOF-MS)and liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(LC-QQQ-MS)were used to determine the components and absorbable constituents of YPF.Secondly,TCMSP,Drugbank,Swiss and Pharm Mapper were used to search the targets of absorbable bioactive constituents of YPF,and the targets of COVID-19 were identified based on Gene Cards and OMIM databases.STRING database was used to filter the possible inter-protein interactions.Thirdly,Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathways analysis were performed to identify molecular function and systemic involvement of target genes.Results:A total of 61 components of YPF and 36 absorbable constituents were identified through UPLC-Q/TOF-MS.Wogonin,prim-O-glucosylcimifugin,5-O-methylvisamminol,astragalosideⅣand 5-Omethylvisamminol(hydroxylation)were vital constituents for the treatment of COVID-19,and RELA,TNF,IL-6,MAPK14 and MAPK8 ere recognized as key targets of YPF.The major metabolic reactions of the absorbed constituents of YPF were demethylation,hydroxylation,sulfation and glucuronidation.GO and KEGG pathway analysis further showed that the most important functions of YPF were T cell activation,response to molecule of bacterial origin,cytokine receptor binding,receptor ligand activity,cytokine activity,IL-17 signaling pathway,Chagas disease,lipid and atherosclerosis,etc.Conclusion:The approach of combining UPLC-Q/TOF-MS with network pharmacology is an effective tool to identify potentially bioactive constituents of YPF and its key targets on treatment of COVID-19.

Safety and efficacy of Yupingfeng granules in children with recurrent respiratory tract infection:A randomized clinical trial

Importance:Recurrent respiratory tract infection(RRTI)is common in children.Inappropriate RRTI treatment will lead to asthma and other diseases,thereby seriously affecting the growth and physical health of children.Immune function modulation can prevent and alleviate childhood RRTI.Yupingfeng(YPF),a patented traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),has immunomodulatory effects and is widely used in China to treat children with RRTI.Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of YPF monotherapy in treating children with RRTI.Methods:This multicenter,randomized,double-blind,double-simulation,noninferiority clinical trial was conducted from January 2015 to August 2017,with an 8-week treatment period and 52-week follow-up after the drug withdrawal.Children aged 2–6 years with RRTI meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in 13 hospitals in China and divided randomly into three groups(2:2:1 ratio)to receive YPF,pidotimod,or placebo.The primary outcome was the proportion of RRTI returning to normal standard level during the follow-up.The secondary outcomes were reduction in the number of RRTI recurrences,effect on clinical symptoms(in accord with TCM practice),effect per symptom,and safety.The trial was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry(www.chictr.org.cn)under the unique identifier ChiCTR-IPR-15006847.Results:Three hundred and fifty-one children were enrolled and randomly assigned to 3 groups;124,125,and 61 children in the YPF,pidotimod,and placebo groups,respectively,had completed the trial.During the follow-up,the proportion of RRTI returning to normal standard level was 73.13%,67.15%,and 38.81%with YPF,pidotimod,and placebo,respectively(P<0.0001).The proportion of cases who returned to normal standard level in the YPF group was 34.32%higher than that in the placebo group.The safety profile did not significantly differ among the groups.Interpretation:YPF granules were noninferior to the active control drug pidotimod oral solution for the treatment of RRTI in children,and were superior to placebo,with a high safety profile.

Effects and mechanism of Chinese medicine Jiawei Yupingfeng in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis

Objective: Chinese medicine has the potential to modulate allergic rhinitis(AR). There have been studies investigating the treatment efficacy of Yupingfeng San, alone or in combination with other ingredients, in AR, though few have studied the potential mechanisms of these drugs. In the present study, we measured the effects of Jiawei Yupingfeng(JWYPF), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, on mice with ovalbumin-induced AR and explored its underlying mechanism of action.Methods: Forty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal control, allergy control and two treatment groups of ten mice each. In the normal control group, mice were sensitized and challenged with saline. The mice in the allergy control and treatment groups were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide gel. The treatments of JWYPF and Nasonex were administered intranasally in the AR mice for one week. Several signs of allergic inflammation, such as nasal eosinophils and inflammatory cytokines, were measured to determine the underlying mechanisms.Results: Mice in the JWYPF and Nasonex groups had significantly lower AR symptom scores than those in the allergy control group(the mean differences between JWYPF and the allergy control, and Nasonex and the allergy control were -2.00 ± 0.35 and -2.40 ± 0.32). After treatment with JWYPF and Nasonex, the levels of ovalbumin-specific Ig E and histamine were significantly reduced, as were the levels of interlukin-4 and transforming growth factor-b, while interferon-c levels were increased(all P < 0.0001,vs. allergy control). These two treatments also significantly inhibited eosinophil and mast cell infiltration into the nasal cavity but were not statistically different from one-another.Conclusion: JWYPF has a potential therapeutic effect on AR via adjusting the rebalance of T helper 1 and T helper 2.

玉屏风煎剂对德化黑鸡生长性能、免疫调节、血清生化指标的影响

【目的】探讨玉屏风煎剂对德化黑鸡生长性能、免疫调节、血清生化指标的影响,并对其安全性进行观察。【方法】黄芪、白术、防风按质量比2:2:1混合煎制,浓缩成含生药1 g·mL^(-1)的玉屏风煎剂。将30日龄体重相近的德化黑鸡160头随机分为低剂量组(1.25 mL·头^(-1)·天^(-1))、中剂量组(1.875 mL·头^(-1)·天^(-1))、高剂量组(2.5mL·头^(-1)·天^(-1))和空白对照组(0 mL·头^(-1)·天^(-1)),每组4个重复,每个重复10头,煎制玉屏风饮水给药,饲喂试验为期25 d;试验第25 d采血及十二指肠,检测生长性能、十二指肠形态结构、免疫功能、抗氧化能力、血清生化等相关指标。【结果】与对照组相比,1)中、高剂量组日增重分别提高16.77%(P<0.05)、27.58%(P<0.01),3个剂量组饲料转化率分别提高8.30%、14.61%、21.92%;2)3个剂量组血清IL-2含量,中、高剂量组十二指肠黏膜SIgA水平显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01);3个剂量组血清IFN-γ、TNF-α含量显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。3)3个剂量组MDA浓度极显著降低(P<0.01),GSH-Px、SOD活性极显著升高(P<0.01),高剂量组T-AOC、CAT活性显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。4)中、高剂量组隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),绒隐比显著增加(P<0.05或P<0.01);5)3个剂量组总胆红素浓度、甘油三酯浓度、总胆固醇浓度、谷草转氨酶活性、谷丙转氨酶活性、碱性磷酸酶活性、肌酐浓度、肌酸激酶活性差异均不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】玉屏风煎剂可以提高德化黑鸡的生长性能,改善肠道形态结构,强化抗氧化能力,增强免疫功能,具有抗炎、维持免疫平稳态的作用,使用安全,最适剂量为2.5 mL·头^(-1)·天^(-1)。

玉屏风加减煎剂对德化黑鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫的抗感染效果

【目的】探明玉屏风加减煎剂对柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella)感染德化黑鸡抗氧化、抗炎、免疫功能的影响及抗球虫效果。【方法】将120只45日龄德化黑鸡随机分为6组,分别是空白对照组(K组)、感染对照组(G组)、常山青蒿低剂量组(CQL组)、玉屏风加减低剂量组(YL组)、常山青蒿高剂量组(CQH组)、玉屏风加减高剂量组(YH组),除空白对照组外,其余各组均感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫,24 h后开始连续7 d饮水给药,第8 d测定比较各组抗球虫指数、免疫功能、抗氧化能力等指标的差异。【结果】与感染对照组(G组)相比,中药处理组CQH、YH、CQL、YL的血便、盲肠病变症状依次减轻。除CQH组外,其他组盲肠病变计分、盲肠黏膜下淋巴细胞密度显著或极显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01);除CQH组OPG显著下降(P<0.05)外,其他3个中药组OPG下降极显著(P<0.01);YL组和YH组盲肠上皮细胞脱落计分极显著降低(P<0.01)。与CQL、CQH组相比,YL、YH组MDA、盲肠病变计分、盲肠上皮细胞脱落计分和OPG下降极显著(P<0.01)。与G组相比,4个中药组IL-6、 IFN-γ、TNF-α、丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著降低(P<0.01),而IL-2含量、 SIgA水平、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)极显著升高(P<0.01);YL组IL-2含量、 SIgA水平、GSH-Px活性、SOD活性、CAT活性极显著增高(P<0.01),YH组GSH-Px、 SOD活性极显著升高(P<0.01)。与K组相比,G组、CQL组、YL组、CQH组、YH组的相对增重率分别是79.88%、 103.49%、 107.27%、 95.05%、 96.06%,抗球虫指数(anti-coccidialindex,ACI)分别是96、165.5、177、133.5、162.5。【结论】玉屏风加减煎剂对人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫德化黑鸡具有更好抗炎、抗氧化、提高免疫功能的免疫调节作用,并相应具有更好的抗球虫效果,且以玉屏风加减低剂量组(YL)抗球虫效果最好。

华西广医1号急性毒性、鼻黏膜刺激性和增强免疫功能的研究

为初步了解拟开发医院雾化制剂华西广医1号的安全性和有效性,通过小鼠急性毒性试验、大鼠鼻黏膜刺激性试验和增强免疫功能的药效学试验方法研究了华西广医1号安全性和药效。结果表明:以0.34 g/mL药液24 h内雾化给药,对小鼠无明显急性毒性;对大鼠经鼻腔给药无明显刺激性;以0.068 g/mL雾化给药,有升高幼龄小鼠的胸腺指数的作用趋势;可升高环磷酰胺致免疫功能低下小鼠的巨噬细胞碳粒廓清指数K、校正指数α和外周血白细胞数目(white blood cell,WBC),红细胞数目(red blood cell,RBC)和血红蛋白浓度(hemoglobin,HGB)水平,并可升高溶血素值。可见,华西广医1号雾化给药小鼠的最大给药量为34 g/kg,无明显鼻黏膜刺激性,0.068 g/mL雾化给药有增强免疫功能,可用于预防上呼吸道感染。