The Model of Poverty Alleviation and Income Growth by Developing Plateau-characterized Agriculture and Its Achievements Analysis in Yunnan Province——a Case Study in Midu County, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture

The policy of taking the targeted poverty alleviation measures has been the mission of the age in propelling the 13th Five-year Plan and building moderately prosperous society. A good poverty alleviation model is of significance for the goal. The research introduced a poverty-stricken county-Midu County, Dali Bai Au- tonomous Prefecture, analyzed the basic approaches and the main achievements of ＂the model of poverty alleviation and income growth by developing plateau-charac- terized agriculture＂, and proposed some suggestions to promoting and applying this model. The research provides references for plateau-characterized agricultural devel- opment and targeted poverty alleviation strategy.

Rediscovery of the sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) in Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province, China

DEAR EDITOR, The sun bear, Helarctos malayanus （Raffles, 1821）, is a forest- dependent bear species distributed in tropical Southeast Asia. The species was previously reported from scattered localities in southwestern China, which is at the northeastern edge of its global range. Due to the scarcity of reliable recent records, some authorities cast doubt on the continued existence of sun bear in China. Here we present the rediscovery of this species in Yingjiang County, western Yunnan Province, China, near the international border with Myanmar＇s Kachin State.

A New Species of Ehretia, Ehretia retroserrata in Nujiang County, Yunnan Province, China

On the investigation of the biodiverisities of plant resources of Nujiang River Valley in Nujiang Autonomous Prefacure, Yunnan Province, China, a new species of Ehretia has been described and illustrated as Ehretia retroserrata in the arid valley of Nujiang according to the new living state of erect shrub and the characteristics of serrate leave margin, retrose, apiculate, endocarp divided at maturity into 4 1-seeded pyrene and serrate leaves margins by comparison with other species of the genus Ehretia.

A Petrological, Geochemical, and Geochronological Study of Shuikou Ultrabasic Rock Mass in Wuding County, Yunnan Province, China

Geotectonically, the Shuikou ultrabasic-basic rock mass is located on the western margin of the Yangtze Platform. As revealed by field geological surveys, the Shuikou rock mass intrudes into the quartz sandstones of the Sinian Chengjiang Formation (Zac). It is dominated by pyroxenites and can be roughly divided into four lithofacies zones, namely gabbros at the outermost periphery and fine-, medium-, and coarse-grained pyroxenites from margin to center. With the transition from pyroxenites to gabbros, the Shuikou rock mass features gradual enrichment in silica and alkali overall, an increase in ΣREE and (La/Yb)N ratio, and a decrease in δEu values and Eu/Sm ratio, indicating that the Shuikou rock mass was formed from the continuous differentiation and crystallization of consanguineous magma and that low-degree partial melting occurred meanwhile. According to the U-Pb baddeleyite geochronology, the crystallization age of the Shuikou rock mass is 210.7 ± 3 Ma (MSWD = 1.01). Based on this, as well as the analysis of geochemical characteristics, the Shuikou rock mass occurred in a continental intraplate tensional environment, this is closely related to the activities of the Emeishan mantle plume during the same period.

Beiya Gold Deposit,Heqing County,Yunnan——One of China's Ten Biggest Gold Deposits

The Beiya gold polymetallic ore district covers an area of 22.06 km2 and is located 47.5 km away in the direction 172° from Heqing county seat of northwestern Yunnan. Its geographical coordinates are 100° 11 ′15″-100° 13′00″ E and 60°07′30″26°10′30″ N. Since its discovery in 1999 until November 31st 2013, it has had accumulative proven （111b＋122b＋331 ＋332＋333） gold metal amounts of 258.475 t at an average grade of 2.61 g/t. This deposit contains 88.98 million tons of paragenetic and associated iron ores, with TFe grade varying from 9% to 36%; metal amounts are： gold 27 t; copper 0.6188 million tons; silver 5439 t; lead 1.35 million ton; zinc 0.31 million ton; and sulfur content is 10.09 million ton. Beiya is one of the top ten largest gold deposits discovered in recent years in China.

The Geochemical Characteristics and Minerogenic Model for the Amo Hypothermal Tin Deposit in Ximeng County, Yunnan Province

Through studies on the element geochemistry, alteration of country rocks, ore-forming fluids and isotopegeochemistry of the Arno tin deposit in the metamorphic rocks of the Upper Proterozoic Ximeng Group, theauthors consider that the concentration of the B-F-Li-Rb-Cs-Sn association is related to acidic magmatism inthe study area. The Fe-Mg-Li tourmaline in the ore is the replaced product of the country rocks byhypothermal fluid. The δ^(18)O values of mineral separates are +2.01- +13.16‰ and their δ^(34)S values, +2.6-+7.2‰. The ore-forming materials were derived from hydrothermal fluid of granitic magma. For themineralization, the temperature is 450°-350℃, the pressure, 450-1000×10~5 Pa, and the age, Himalayan(21.5 Ma). According to the geochemical characteristics, a minerogenic model is established: the deposit is ahypothermal cassiterite-quartz vein type tin deposit controlled by the hidden Himalayan granites.

Ms 6.5 Earthquake Occurred in Ludian County of Yunnan Province,China,Although Forecast Issued before the Earthquake,Life Casualties and Property Losses were Still Caused Significant

1 Geography Location At 16：30 on August 3rd, 2014, Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province （27.1°N, 103.3°E） was hit by Ms 6.5 earthquake, with the maximum intensity is 9 and epicenter depth is around 12 km （Figs. 1 and 2）.

A New Juvenile Specimen of Lufengosaurus Huenei Young, 1941 (Dinosauria: Prosauropoda) from the Lower Jurassic Lower Lufeng Formation of Yunnan, Southwest China

A skull and a series of associated cervical vertebrae （ZLJ0112） discovered from the Lower Lufeng Formation （Lower Jurassic） are determined as a juvenile specimen of Lufengosaurus huenei Young 1941 based on amended autapomorphies. Differences between ZLJ0112 and the holotype （subadult specimen） are considered as ontogenetic characteristic changes of L. huenei. Since some of these differences are present in other prosauropod dinosaurs （i.e., forms of the maxillary vascular foramen are irregular; the frontal contribution to the dorsal margin of the orbit is substantial; the frontal contribution to the supratemporal fossa is absent; the supratemporal fenestra is visible in lateral view; the supraoccipital inclined at 75 degrees; the parasphenoid rostrum lies level with the occipital condyle; the retroarticular process is short; the axial postzygapophysis project caudally beyond the end of the centrum） they may be common ontogenetic changes in prosauropod dinosaurs.

A New Species of <i>Gentiana, Gentiana ciliolata</i>and It’s Two Subspecies of subsp. ciliolata and subsp. <i>longiloba</i>of Yunnan &Sichuan Provinces

A new species of Gentiana (Gentianaceae), Gentiana ciliolata is described and illustrated;it has a spectacular characteristics of calyx lobe ciliolate, distributed in Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces on the two sides of Jinsha River, and then two subspecies have been further re-classified as Gentiana ciliolata subsp. ciliolata and Gentiana ciliolata subsp. longiloba respectively. The subsp. ciliolata idistributes on the right side of Jinsha River in Yiliang County, Yunnan Province and the subsp. longiloba distributes itself on the southwest and west part of Sichuan Province, such as Leibo County, Wenchuan County and Mabian Yi Autonomous Prefacture, in the grassland under forests and moist rock slopes at an altitude of 1300 - 3200 m.

The Quarantine Disease Sugarcane Leaf Scald Found in Xinping Sugarcane Area in Yunnan Province

[Objectives]This study was conducted to clarify the pathogens causing suspected sugarcane leaf scald symptoms in sugarcane plants found in the Xinping sugarcane area of Yunnan in 2019.[Methods]The XAF1/XAR1 specific primers of Xanthomonas albilineans were used to detect 8 suspected samples from Xinping County,Yunnan Province.[Results]The specific band 600 bp in size was detected.The sequencing results showed that the sequences detected were all 608 bp,and were 100%identical.The BLAST search results showed that the obtained sequence was 100%identical to the nucleotide sequence of X.albilineans GPE PC73 strain(GenBank accession number:FP565176)from France,and they were located in the same branch of the phylogenetic tree.According to the field symptom diagnosis and molecular identification results,the sugarcane disease in Xinping,Yunnan was confirmed to be the quarantine disease sugarcane leaf scald caused by X.allbilineasn.[Conclusions]The pathogens were identified by molecular biological identification methods,providing a scientific basis for the prevention and control of leaf scald disease in the future.

乡村振兴背景下云南大关筇竹全产业链发展路径

筇竹产业是云南省大关县“一县一业”的支柱产业。近年来大关筇竹产业发展迅速,为巩固脱贫成果、接续乡村振兴作出了重要贡献。文章在阐述全产业链理论的基础上,分析了大关县筇竹资源规模、笋材加工、竹林旅游等方面的发展现状,指出发展筇竹产业在思想认识、基础设施、科技人才和品牌创新等方面存在的主要问题,提出了筇竹全产业链发展路径,以期为大关县筇竹产业可持续高质量发展提供参考。

社会-生态系统视角下的传统村落空间景观演化机制及资源治理特征

【目的】将以资源治理为主要研究对象的“社会-生态系统”相关理论引入传统村落保护研究领域,从多学科视野阐明人居环境有形表征下普遍存在的无形社会治理过程,推动传统村落价值认知和保护方法的创新。【方法】以滇西地区云龙盐业村落为案例,采用社会-生态系统框架与适应性循环模型,通过共时性和历时性分析,揭示云龙传统盐业村落空间景观在不同演化阶段的治理情景和特征。【结果】在前循环期,社会-生态系统以资源生产为演化驱动力,行动者在“资源开发维持”与“资源流通管理”两个行动情景中,通过制定一系列可持续的资源分配规则,产出了丰富的物质与非物质要素,进而发展出“业缘-血缘-地缘”联结的盐业社会及河谷盐业村落景观、山间古道桥梁景观、山地梯田田园景观。进入以资源转化为演化驱动力的后循环期,经历“资源停滞衰败”与“资源转化更新”行动情景,针对要素关联断裂、空间景观缺乏保护的现状,通过治理策略将遗产资源转化为生态、社会、经济等资源。【结论】传统盐业村落的空间景观演化过程体现了人类社会围绕盐资源开发利用而进行的复杂治理关系。重识村落演化特征及可持续利用自然资源的传统智慧、重构以资源治理为核心线索的遗产保护框架、重建以资源转化重组为驱动力的治理机制,有利于促进传统村落特色空间景观的保护与发展。

云南产业基础薄弱资源匮乏区竹产业发展路径——以河口县为例

“以竹代塑”倡议为全球治理塑料污染提供了基于自然的解决方案,为中国竹产业发展带来了机遇。云南省气候条件优越,适宜多种竹类植物生长,是中国竹类植物最丰富的地区,然而云南省竹产业发展整体上刚刚起步,呈现竹资源分布散、企业规模小、市场竞争力弱的特点,发展“以竹代塑”面临资源相对匮乏、产业基础薄弱等问题。文章以云南省河口县为例,探讨竹资源存量小和产业基础薄弱地方的竹产业发展路径。河口县发展竹产业应发挥口岸优势,科学规划资源基地建设,招引外向经济型企业,因地制宜发展第二产业,支持和鼓励竹制品生产和消费,促进竹产业与文化旅游业融合发展,加强科学研究和产业创新能力,为竹产业发展提供坚实保障。

茶文旅耦合协调发展分异及其影响因素——以云南省30个茶叶重点县为例

茶文旅协调发展是促进农文旅融合与乡村全面振兴的重要途径。基于云南30个茶叶重点县的茶文旅产业数据,对其发展水平、耦合协调度及影响因素进行实证研究,构建协调发展机制。研究表明:云南30个茶叶重点县的茶产业、文化产业、旅游产业发展水平存在显著差异,茶文旅产业综合发展排前6位的依次是景洪市、腾冲市、思茅区、澜沧县、勐海县、勐腊县;茶文旅三系统和三类双系统呈现不同耦合协调发展态势,其中,茶-文化-旅游三系统耦合协调度以濒临失调情况居多,但景洪市、腾冲市、思茅区、澜沧县达到了中级协调;旅客周转量、茶产业政策、茶叶专业合作社、规模以上文化产业企业等市场、政策、技术方面的因素对耦合协调发展有极大影响。据此,各县需因地制宜,实行差异化的茶文旅融合发展战略。

不同计算方法的云南省永胜县下院滑坡堰塞湖沉积物粒度特征及沉积历史重建

【研究目的】滑坡堰塞湖灾害链危害大,其形成和溃决过程中受外部环境影响大。堰塞湖沉积物作为记录堰塞湖全生命周期的载体,具有良好的古环境和古气候的指示作用,采用最佳解析方法对其进行解读有利于还原沉积物沉积过程及古环境变化。【研究方法】通过野外调查采样和室内测试分析相结合的方法,采用图解法和矩值法计算下堰塞湖沉积物统计特征的适用性问题,使用粒度结合有机质含量重建了堰塞湖沉积环境,对堰塞湖的发育过程进行还原。【研究结果】(1)堰塞湖沉积物分层沉积层序明显,为单一水动力湖相沉积,物质来源稳定,非多物源沉积;综合有机质变化和沉积物粒度特征表明该堰塞湖经历了4次干湿周期,在气候和地质活动的共同作用下至少存在3次堵塞−泄流沉积过程,估算沉积旋回周期约为1750 a,该沉积历史应该是断裂带长期复杂的活动和气候−河流共同作用的结果。(2)通过对图解法和矩值法进行统计分析结果表明,两种方法对平均粒径和分选系数评价一致性较好,可直接进行替换;矩值法对偏态峰态整体计算结果比图解法大,在使用中需进行线性代换。由于描述参照值的缘故,偏态、峰态在统计表述中有所偏差。【结论】堰塞湖沉积物粒径分布简单,采用图解法计算更加便捷,与其他沉积物对比方便,推荐图解法对堰塞湖沉积进行计算。研究结果表明粒度特征对堰塞湖的沉积和溃决过程以及滑坡灾害对气候变化的响应研究具有一定的指导意义,可为还原该堰塞湖沉积期的古环境和古气候提供理论依据。

滇中中-上二叠统峨眉山组关键金属勘查新线索及地质意义

通过1∶5万区域地质调查及典型剖面研究,在滇中禄劝地区二叠系峨眉山组顶部识别出一套厚约20~50 m不等的Nb、Co、Ga、Zr及REE超常富集层。富集层主要岩性为灰紫色泥岩、凝灰质泥岩、凝灰岩,局部夹杏仁状玄武岩。通过对禄劝万鲁布、撒角海一带的富集层刻槽分析显示,Nb_(2)O^(5)含量在82.4×10^(-6)~120.1×10^(-6),平均值为100.3×10^(-6),大于风化壳型矿床一般工业指标80×10^(-6);Ga含量28.8×10^(-6)~35.6×10^(-6),平均值为32.1×10^(-6),高于现行的Ga矿资源工业指标要求30×10-6;REE含量在360×10^(-6)~510×10^(-6),平均值为440.6×10^(-6),接近风化壳型矿床一般工业指标500×10^(-6);并呈现出泥岩→凝灰质泥岩→凝灰岩关键金属含量依次升高,与火山灰含量呈正相关的特征,峨眉山玄武岩的风化作用可能造成了关键金属的富集;同时富集层中伴有Co、Zr、Li等关键金属矿化现象;由此,二叠系峨眉山组红顶层是一个关键金属的富集层,鉴于滇中地区二叠系峨眉山组分布范围较广,是一个极具Nb、Ga、Co、Zr及REE等多种关键金属找矿前景的地区,值得找矿工作者关注。峨眉山组各段玄武岩间富集关键金属的火山碎屑岩-沉积岩夹层(10~120 cm)、沥青杏仁体的发现,佐证了峨眉山玄武岩是地幔柱幕式喷发,为峨眉山玄武岩地幔柱演化、喷发时限及其与二叠纪生物灭绝的关系、寻找常规油气提供了新的研究方向及资料。

云南师宗烟区土壤养分与烟叶化学成分研究

为探明云南师宗烟区植烟土壤养分以及烟叶化学品质指标的含量状况,为其烤烟生产合理布局和科学精准施肥提供依据。采集师宗县7个乡镇地区土壤样品和烟叶样品分别110份,分析其土壤养分和烟叶品质,并进行了评价。结果表明,该地区随海拔升高,土壤pH和有效钙降低,海拔对其他土壤养分和烟叶品质无显著影响。师宗烟区土壤pH整体适宜烟株生长,60%处于最适宜范围;土壤有机质92.7%属于“高”和“极高”范围。大量元素总氮总体含量85.5%属于“高”和“极高”范围,碱解氮含量大部分中等(63.9%),23.1%属“极高”范围,13%含量“低”;全磷和全钾缺乏,处于“低”和“极低”范围,分别占71.8%和90.7%;但速效磷和速效钾占“中等”及以上的比例达98.2%和78.1%。中微量元素整体含量较高,但有效硫和有效钼含量分别有29.6%和25.9%处于“低”和“极低”水平,有效钙和有效镁100%处于“高”及以上水平,有效铜、有效铁、有效锰和水溶性氯含量丰富;烟叶含糖量较高,其他基本符合优质烟叶的标准。该地区应注意钾、硫肥的施用,减少钙和镁投入。

SHRIMP zircon U-Pb ages from coal beds across the Permian-Triassic boundary, eastern Yunnan, southwestern China

The first SHRIMP zircon U e Pb ages from coal beds close to the end-Permian mass extinction are reported from the Ccoal seam in the Yantang Mine in Laibin Town, Xuanwei County, eastern Yunnan Province.Zircons were extracted from kaolinite claystone layers, defined as tonsteins(volcanic ash deposits), in the subseam Band Bof the coal seam C.The U-Pb ages are 252.0 ± 2.3 Ma and 250.3 ± 2.1 Ma for the sub-seam Band B, respectively. Within analytical uncertainties, these U-Pb ages include the time period of the onset of the mass extinction at 251.941 ± 0.037 Ma, which was obtained from the marine Meishan section in Zhejiang Province, ~1600 km away from the Yantang Mine. These new ages represent not only the first and closest ages to the PTB mass extinction in terrestrial coal beds, but also ages from the nearest site to the Emeishan volcanoes investigated so far. Therefore these new data provide the most accurate stratigraphic horizon of terrestrial facies of the end-Permian extinction in South China. The Emeishan volcanoes were likely the source of volcanic ash in the coal seams at the Xuanwei County and broader areas in South China. Furthermore, the minerals and geochemistry characteristics of the Ccoal seam also implied the influences of contemporaneous volcanic activities.

易地搬迁社区移民融入度影响因素——以云南省寻甸县A、B、C村为例

通过对云南省寻甸县3个易地搬迁社区的调研,运用Pearson和线性回归模型,基于社会融入理论选取22个指标,构建影响因素评价指标体系,分析了不同类型移民的社区融入度影响因素,找出影响移民社区融入度的关键因子。结果表明,移民的社区融入度较好,但不同类型移民的社区融入度具有明显差异,整体呈现务农型移民>兼业型移民>务工型移民的态势。研究结果为助推易地搬迁后的社区融入提供科学决策依据。

滇中禄劝九龙巨晶方解石矿床地质特征与成因

滇中禄劝九龙方解石矿床是云南省规模最大的方解石矿床,以产出巨晶方解石矿为特点。本文在系统的野外地质调查和勘查评价基础上,分析了九龙巨晶方解石矿床的基本地质特征和控矿因素,探讨其成因。结果表明,区内方解石矿体呈层状、似层状及大脉状产于下二叠统茅口组(P1m)灰岩中,层控特点明显;成矿受围岩岩性和断裂的联合控制,开放空间后生热液充填交代成矿特点突出,属层控热液型矿床,新生代印度欧亚板块碰撞造山有关的陆内构造转换成矿可能是其关键机制。