Relation between Economic Development Level and Resource and Environment Carrying Capacity of Central Area of Yunnan Province Based on Decoupling Analysis

Based on the decoupiing theory and method, an indicator system was built for the relation between economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity. And the study was carried out on decoupling degree and temporal changes of economic development level and resource and environment carrying ca- pacity in the central area of Yunnan Province. Results indicated that （i） the economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity in the central area of Yunnan Province mainly experienced strong decoupling, weak decoupling, and ex- pansive negative coupling, and in general it was strong decoupling, and it took on re- verse ＂N＂ in temporal changes. （ii） Change rate of economic development level in the central area of Yunnan Province was greater than zero, but the amplitude of change was not large, while the change rate of resource and environment carrying capacity was negative in 2007-2008, and it was positive in the rest years; from 2007, it took on gradual expansion trend, and scissors difference gradually increased after experi- encing reverse ＂V＂ change. （iii） The strong decoupling was the main situation and it reached the peak value in T5 period and T6 pedod.

Study on Urban Construction Land Suitability Evaluation in Southwestern Mountainous Areas of Yunnan Province Based on the Strategy of "Protecting Farmland in Flatland Areas and Constructing Mountainous Cities" : A Case in Lianghe County

According to the particularity of towns＇ construction in the southwestern mountainous areas of Yunnan Province, this study has built constructive land suit- ability evaluation index system which is different to flat area. Then this study deter- mined single evaluation factors index and comprehensive suitability index using ＂ex- treme conditions method＂ and ＂suitability index method＂, and analyzed and assessed the constructive land suitability on each evaluation unit polygons and its suitability level by using GIS software. Taking Lianghe County of Dehong Dai-Jingpo Au- tonomous Prefecture as an example to evaluate land suitability in Lianghe County＇s main towns around the gentle slope, the results show, in the evaluation area, the area of land suitable for construction and unsuitable for construction respectively ac- count 73.58% and 26.42%. And first-class, second and third-class of land suitable for construction should be composited at the ratio of about 11：49：40. The suitability evaluation index system and method developed in this paper is applicable for evalu- ating the construction land suitability in mountainous areas of southwest Yunnan Province, and will provide theoretical and technical support for land policy measures which strengthen the protection of farmland and promote the scientific development of urbanization in Yunnan Province and even similar mountainous areas of the whole China.

Analysis of Land Use Characteristics in Mountainous Areas in Yunnan Province Based on Second National Land Survey

Abstract Based on Second National Land Survey during 2007-2009 and land use type survey in ftatland areas, status quo of land use in mountainous areas in Yun- nan was measured, and analysis was made on land use in mountainous areas in terms of land use structure, degree and development potential, providing references for rational use of land in mountainous areas in Yunnan.

Prediction of Hidden Granites in the Luziyuan Area of Yunnan Province and the Prospecting Direction

The Fe-Pb-Zn-Cu polymetallic deposits in the Luziyuan area, are of a sedimentary-reformed type related with magmatic hydrothermalism. Previous researches have suggested that the mineralization is closely related to the hidden granites, but little is known about these granites including their burial depth and scale, which has limited the establishment of prospecting models and the optimization of prospecting targets. Geophysical methods have a great exploration depth, and have played a unique role in the prediction of hidden granites. It is shown that granites have low density and high resistivity,

Metallogenic Prediction of the Peripheral Areas of the Xiyi Concealed Lead-Zinc Deposit in Baoshan City, Yunnan Province

The newly-discovered Xiyi lead-zinc deposit is a large deposit located in the north central Baoshan block of the southern Sanjiang metallogenic belt section, Southwest China.The surface of the deposit is mainly covered by eluvial-deluvial lateritic layer, without any mineralized outcrops. The main concealed orebody V3 is buffed in the depth of 300-500m. The orebodies are controlled by certain stratigraphic horizons, and most are cut by strata with a high angle, while a few occur along the strata. The direct wall rocks are calcisiltite, calclithite, bioclastic calcarenite,

Concealed porphyry delineation based on nonlinear three-dimensional densitydifference inversion: An example in the Beiya mine area, Western Yunnan, China

Intermediate acid-complex rock masses with low-density characteristics are the most important prospecting sign in the Beiya area, of western Yunnan province, and provide a physical basis for good gravity exploration. It is usually difficult to obtaining solutions in connection with actual geological situations due to the ambiguity of the conventional gravity-processing results and lack of deep constraints. Thus, the three-dimensional (3D) inversion technology is considered as the main channel for reducing the number of solutions and improving the vertical resolution at the current stage. The current study starts from a model test and performs nonlinear 3D density-difference inversion called “model likelihood exploration”, which performs 3D inversion imaging and inversion of the known model while considering the topographic effects. The inversion results are highly consistent with those of the known models. Simultaneously, we consider the Beiya gold mine in Yunnan as an example. The nonlinear 3D densitydifference inversion technology, which is restricted by geological information, is explored to obtain the 3D density body structure below 5 km in the mine area, and the 3D structure of the deep and concealed rock masses are obtained using the density constraints of the intermediate-acid-complex rock masses. The results are well consistent with the surface geological masses and drilling-controlled deep geological masses. The model test and examples both show that the 3D density-difference nonlinear inversion technology can reduce inversion ambiguity, improve resolution, optimize the inversion results, and realize “transparency” in deeply concealed rock masses in ore-concentrated areas,which is useful in guiding the deep ore prospecting.

云南省岩溶地区石漠化土地治理分区研究

根据云南省岩溶地区石漠化土地空间分布特征和各区域地质地貌、气候、水文、岩溶土壤和森林植被分布,结合碳酸盐岩的类型、岩性组合特征、不同岩溶地貌对区域环境和水土资源的制约、石漠化在不同地貌条件下的形成和发育特征,统筹考虑岩溶生态系统的完整性、地理单元的连续性和经济社会发展的可持续性等因素,将全省88个岩溶监测县划分为6个治理区,并就各分区地理区位、地质地貌、成土母岩、水文、气候类型、森林植被类型分布以及各石漠化区不同类型岩溶土地面积占比等进行描述。

云南省生态环境质量与生态修复区识别

[目的]分析云南省生态环境时空变化,识别生态修复优先序,为该省低碳的可持续发展提供科学依据。[方法]基于遥感生态指数(RSEI)研究生态环境质量时空变化及空间相关性,与区域生态系统碳储量及生态保护红线结合识别云南省生态修复优先序。[结果]①22 a间云南省RSEI均值呈S形变化趋势,分别以2005年和2011年作为上升和下降的拐点。②2000—2022年空间上生态环境质量均表现为“西高东低”的态势,西部地区生态环境质量较好,而中部城市群及东部喀斯特地区生态环境质量较差。③2000—2005年受退耕还林政策的影响生态环境质量变好。2005—2011年则因旱灾和建设用地的剧烈扩张导致生态环境质量大幅下降。2011—2016年是旱灾后恢复时段,除中部城市化快速发展地区外,其他地区生态环境质量在逐渐恢复。2016—2022年受国家政策的影响,生态环境质量进一步变好。④云南省生态环境质量在空间上表现出明显的空间全局与局部自相关。⑤2000—2022年云南省碳储量呈先增加后减少的趋势,22 a间总碳储量减少2.38×10^(7)t,在空间上总体表现为“南北高,中间低”的地带性分布特征。⑥云南省生态修复极优先区主要分布在北部及东部地区,约占总面积的18.08%,生态修复优先区及中等优先区则分布较为广泛,约占总面积的70.17%。生态修复一般优先区主要位于普洱市等地,约占总面积的11.76%。[结论]云南省2000—2022年生态环境质量在时空上均呈现一定规律,在此基础上进行生态修复区划分,因地制宜地治理生态环境,推进云南省生态及低碳的可持续发展。

云南省岩溶地区石漠化草原现状及分区保护与修复策略

据最新调查数据,云南省石漠化草原主要分布于曲靖、昆明、红河等5个州(市),总面积37.97万hm2,占岩溶土地面积的3.53%,其分布最广的海拔区间为1 500~2 500 m,占比47.85%,基岩裸露度分布区间为30%~94%,以植被盖度为10%~19%的分布区间面积最广,占比37.85%,绝大部分分布于土层薄甚至极薄区域,占比达92.10%。根据石漠化草原空间分布特征,在充分衔接各大生态保护和修复工程建设规划基础上,统筹考虑岩溶生态系统的完整性、地理单元的连续性和经济社会发展的可持续性,将云南省石漠化草原区划为6个分区,分区阐述石漠化草原生态保护与修复策略。

云南省岩溶地区石漠化耕地现状及治理策略

云南省石漠化土地面积212.85万hm^(2),占岩溶土地面积的19.81%,其中石漠化耕地面积46.36万hm^(2),占石漠化土地面积的21.78%,石漠化耕地以轻度石漠化和中度石漠化土地为主,集中分布在人口稠密、经济欠发达地区。目前云南省石漠化治理存在着投资标准低,投入不足,治理需求大,成果巩固压力大,管理体制不顺,地方配套资金筹措困难等问题。藉此,提出遵循水土保持原则,因地制宜,改善农业条件,大力发展林禽林下经济模式,持续推进石漠化综合治理工程,节约集约用地,严把耕地红线关,降低石漠化区域耕地承载压力,遏制石漠化耕地发生等治理策略。

云南省农村居民2011年和2021年五种常见慢性病疾病负担的变化研究

背景慢性病已成为影响人群健康的主要公共卫生问题,我国的慢性病患者数量持续增加,死亡病例数也逐年递增,患者疾病负担正逐渐加重。掌握慢性病疾病负担的变化情况,对慢性病的防控工作意义重大,但目前鲜见针对云南省农村常见慢性病疾病负担变化的研究。目的分析云南省农村居民2011年和2021年5种常见慢性病[高血压、冠心病、脑卒中、哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)]疾病负担的变化情况。方法采用重复横断面设计,分别于2011年和2021年采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法选取云南省8400名和7700名≥35岁的农村居民为研究对象,收集研究对象现场问卷调查和体格检查数据,以及5种常见慢性病的死因数据;采用主成分分析法,选取文化程度、家庭人均年收入和医疗服务可及性3个变量构建社会经济地位(SEP)指标,利用各变量系数计算SEP综合得分,并依据SEP综合得分的四分位数将社会经济地位分为低、中等偏下、中等偏上和高4个等级;采用伤残调整寿命年(DALY)测量5种慢性疾病的疾病负担大小。结果与2011年比较,2021年云南省农村居民的高血压(25.14%与41.57%)、脑卒中(1.03%与2.52%)和COPD(9.23%与12.60%)的总体患病率均升高(P均<0.05),且男性、女性和各个社会经济地位人群的患病率也升高(P<0.05);冠心病(2.02%与2.30%)和哮喘(1.36%与1.61%)的总体患病率无明显变化(P>0.05),但男性和高社会经济地位人群的冠心病患病率、男性和中等偏上社会经济地位人群的哮喘患病率却升高(P<0.05);男性2021年5种慢性病的患病率均高于女性(P<0.05);2021年不同社会经济地位人群的COPD患病率呈递减趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=6.801,P<0.001)。此外,冠心病(10.45与18.18)、脑卒中(12.80与23.20)、哮喘(4.54与9.10)和COPD(35.99与49.07)的每千人口DALY均升高,高血压(1.38和1.26)降低;其中以COPD的每千人口DALY和伤残所致生命损失年(YLD)较高,脑卒中的每千人口早死所致生命损失年(YLL)较高。结论云南省农村居民2021年5种常见慢性病的患病率和疾病负担与2011年比较,以升高为主,且2021年COPD的疾病负担最重,男性和低社会经济地位人群是未来慢性病防控的重点人群。应采取有针对性的预防和控制策略,降低慢性病对人群健康的危害。

云南金平地区Au、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag成矿元素时空分布特征及找矿预测

云南金平地区是哀牢山南段重要的Au、Cu多金属矿集区,而Au、Cu为该区主成矿元素的论断和依据缺乏,Au、Cu等成矿元素时空富集配分规律、约束机制尚无论断,该区找矿方向及靶区需进一步明确。本文通过开展1∶5万金平县幅水系沉积物测量工作,统计分析全区及各主要地质单元元素含量平均值(X)和相对富集系数(K)等,结合金平地区的地球化学参数特征和元素间组合关系、元素异常与成矿相关性,确定了Au、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag为金平地区主成矿元素。通过分析元素地球化学时空分布富集规律,可知金平地区元素地球化学富集配分受时间、空间限制,该地区Au、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag主成矿元素富集峰期为两个阶段(300~400 Ma、470~485 Ma),进而确定了奥陶系、志留系、泥盆系、石炭系、二叠系为该地区最具找矿潜力的时代及地层。通过系统研究元素异常与构造、岩浆和成矿的关系,发现区内三家河断裂、马过河断裂、甜竹山断裂对元素富集有明显的影响和控制作用,金平地区元素异常与成矿具有密切相关性。结合金平地区成矿规律和控矿因素等,圈定了12处综合异常,划定了2个找矿预测区,对2个找矿预测区进行找矿潜力分析,指明了找矿方向,提出了进一步工作建议。

云南省自然保护地现状特征及其体系重构规划策略

自然保护地高质量发展需要科学有序开展省域和全国2个层级的自然保护地归并整合及体系规划,以云南省域自然保护地数量、面积及空间分布特征为客观基础,提出体系规划策略“完备制度、科学规划”。对云南省各类各级自然保护地及16个州市自然保护地资源进行数量和空间分布的梳理、归纳分析,从现象到本质凝练特征,提出体系重构规划策略。结果发现:全省11种类型的自然保护地由7个主管部门管理,分布于全省16个州市约377处,面积约55277 km^(2),占全省土地面积约14%。各种类型的自然保护地数量、面积差异极大,以林业和住建行政主管部门为管理主体,分级和分级标准不确定。空间分布特征以“哀牢山—无量山”为界限,以西有创建国家公园等大型自然保护地的基础,以东则适合构建自然公园体系。一是以体系思维、系统完整性为重构逻辑。二是“哀牢山—无量山”以西的滇西、滇西南、滇西北是国家公园建设的关键区域。三是“哀牢山—无量山”以东的滇中、滇东、滇东南、滇东北等地则亟待完善自然公园体系。展望由地表覆盖类型、距道路遥远度、人口分布密度、距聚居点遥远度、生物物理自然度等维度识别云南省域最不被打扰的地理空间及客观存在的相对较荒的区域作为省域自然保护地扩容的备选资源。

滇中禄劝九龙巨晶方解石矿床地质特征与成因

滇中禄劝九龙方解石矿床是云南省规模最大的方解石矿床,以产出巨晶方解石矿为特点。本文在系统的野外地质调查和勘查评价基础上,分析了九龙巨晶方解石矿床的基本地质特征和控矿因素,探讨其成因。结果表明,区内方解石矿体呈层状、似层状及大脉状产于下二叠统茅口组(P1m)灰岩中,层控特点明显;成矿受围岩岩性和断裂的联合控制,开放空间后生热液充填交代成矿特点突出,属层控热液型矿床,新生代印度欧亚板块碰撞造山有关的陆内构造转换成矿可能是其关键机制。

云南高山辣椒高效栽培技术规程

辣椒产业是云南的优势农业产业,但云南大量高原山地土壤得不到有效利用,限制辣椒产业的发展。从品种选择、培育壮苗、定植、田间管理及病虫害防治等方面,制定出高山辣椒高效栽培技术规程,以供种植户参考。

基于地质大数据技术对云南土壤重金属地质高背景区的划定

为系统研究云南省土壤重金属地质高背景区的分布范围及超标元素,以全省1∶20万水系沉积物重金属元素含量数据和区域地质图为基础,采用GIS空间分析功能,并利用昆明、玉溪、昭通等地区的土壤重金属数据进行验证,确定云南省土壤重金属含量值超农用地筛选值的地质单元61个,占全省国土面积的21.09%,其中位于地质高背景区的耕地面积约284.41万公顷,占全省国土面积的7.22%;影响土壤重金属超标的岩性主要为碳酸盐岩、基性—超基性火山岩、中基性侵入岩、含煤碎屑岩和含基性组分碎屑岩;地质高背景区超标重金属元素主要为Cu、Cr、Ni、Cd,而As主要于碳酸盐岩地层中存在超标风险,Pb、Zn仅于个别地层中存在超标风险,Hg基本无超标风险。

新时代背景下云南边疆民族地区高职院校课程思政建设初探——以德宏职业学院为例

以地处云南边疆民族地区高职院校——德宏职业学院为例,发掘、遴选区域具有特色的民族优秀文化元素,探索将其融入职业教育课程,实现课程思政。从课程思政设计、教学单位联动协调、教师课程思政教学能力评价、学生学习效果评估4个维度研究课程思政建设策略,为云南边疆民族地区高职院校开展教学改革提供参考。

1991-2022年云南省煤矿水害事故统计及特征分析

2022年云南省发生3起水害事故,煤矿水害是制约煤炭生产重大灾害之一。针对云南省煤矿水害事故频发的历史及现状,对近三十年来(1991-2022年期间)的煤矿水害事故汇总,利用数理统计方法从时间顺序、发生地域、透水特征、事故水源、矿井类型、伤亡情况等方面进行了统计归纳及典型水害事故成因分析。研究表明:1991-2022年水害事故共发生43起,死亡189人;云南省67%的水害事故发生在滇东地区的曲靖市;水害水源以老窑(空)水为主,水害事故发生时间多在8:00-24:00之间,每年6月份,11月份水害事故最高,共7起。总体而言,历史上煤矿关闭及煤矿不断兼并重组,矿区内存在关闭矿井多和废弃巷道交错叠加,增大水害事故的可能性和复杂性,未来老采空区水害是影响安全生产的主控因素,防控亟待加强,在“十四五”煤炭行业的发展中应积极应对。

Selection Experiment of Varieties of Maize in Ailao Mountainous Areas

[Objective] This study aimed to select suitable varieties of maize for Ailao mountainous areas, [Method] A comparison test of eight varieties of maize was conducted in Shengli Village, Mosha Town, Xinping County, Yunnan Province from May to October in 2016. [Result] The yield of Shenyu 10 was up to 66.3.4 kg/ 667 m^2 and there were extremely significant differences between Shenyu 10 and Xuanhuangdan 5 （CK）. Moreover, it had strong stress resistance. As Jingdan 12, Beiju 0913, Ante 8000, Yunrui 89 and Yayu 78 were planted in the region, their earing should not appear in rainy months. The inciderce of stem rot and ear rot of Yayu 891 was high, so Yayu 891 should not be planted in the region. [Conclusion] Shenyu 10 had a high yield, suffered few diseases and had strong stress resistance, so it can be popularized widely in the region.

云南省岩溶地区石漠化土地动态变化研究

将云南省岩溶地区第四次石漠化监测成果与第一次监测进行对比分析研究。结果表明,2006—2021年16年间,云南省石漠化土地面积减少116.86万hm^(2),减少40.56%,年均减少7.30万hm^(2),年均减少率为2.53%;云南省石漠化土地面积呈下降趋势,石漠化程度减轻趋势明显。国家和地方实施的石漠化综合治理工程、森林抚育工程、长江珠江防护林工程、生态公益林建设、退耕还林(草)工程等生态修复类工程在石漠化土地面积及程度变化中起到主要作用。