A New Type of REE Deposit Found in Clay Rock at the Top of the Permian Emeishan Basalt in the Yunnan-Guizhou Area

Objective A set of REE-rich clay rocks is formed at the top of the Emeishan basalt in the eastern Yunnan-Western Guizhou area,accompanied by Nb,Zr,Ga.It is a new type of REE deposit and has great resource potential.This paper introduces its metallogenic conditions and element occurrence states,discusses the genetic mechanism.

Trends in sunshine duration and atmospheric visibility in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,1961-2005

Using the observed data from 184 stations over the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau （YGP） from 1961 to 2005, the long-term trends in sunshine duration, cloud amount, dry visibility （Vd）, dry extinction, and water vapor over the YGP are analyzed. The results show that 85% of the stations recorded shortening annual sunshine duration, with the decrease rates between -12.2 and -173.7 h/10yr. Results of Mann-Kendall tests indicate that, among the stations with decreasing sunshine duration, 63.7% of them experienced an abrupt change that started in the 1970s and peaked in the 1980s. This decreasing trend has reversed in the early years of the 21st century. The cloud cover and water vapor content in the mid and lower levels over the YGP had no obvious changes during the study period. The annual averages of Vd declined from 34 km in the 1960s to 27 km at present. The annual mean dry extinction coefficient trended upward, from 0.176 to 0.190, on the YGP from 1980 to 2005. Analyses of cloud cover, water vapor, atmospheric visibility, and dry extinction coefficient revealed that emitted tropospheric aerosols （including air pollutants） resulting from increased energy consumption over the YGP could be a major Factor influencing the reductions of sunshine duration and atmospheric visibility.

Geochemical Tracing of Ore-forming Material Sources of Carlin-type Gold Deposits in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi Triangle Area --A Case Study of the Application of the Combined Silicon Isotopes Geochemistry and Siliceous Cathodoluminescence Analysis

Abstract This paper deals with characteristics of silicon isotope compositions and siliceous cathodoluminescence of host rocks, ores and hydrothermal silicified quartz of the Carlin-type ore deposits in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi triangle area. The study shows that primary silicified quartz is nonluminescent but quartz in host rocks and secondary silicified quartz are luminescent by the action of cathode rays. Correspondingly, silicon isotope compositions of host rocks, ores and hydro6thermal quartz veins are clearly distinguished. In strata from the Middle Triassic to the “Dachang” host bed, δ30Si of the host rocks ranges from 0.0% ?0.3%, while that of primary ore-forming silicified fluids from ?0.1% to ?0.4%; in the Upper Permian and Lower Carboniferous strata and Indosinian diabase host beds, δ30Si of the host rocks is from ?0.1% to ?0.2% and that of the primary silicified quartz veins from 0.3 % ?0.5 %. This pattern demonstrates the following geochemical mineralization process, primary ore-forming siliceous fluids migrated upwards quickly along the main passages of deep-seated faults from mantle to crust and entered secondary faults where gold deposits were eventually formed as a result of permeation and replacement of the siliceous ore-forming fluids into different ore-bearing strata. This gives important evidence for the fact that ore-forming fluids of this type of gold deposits were mainly derived from upper mantle differentiation and shows good prospects for deep gold deposits and geochemical background for large and superlarge gold deposits.

Prehistoric agriculture development in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, southwest China： Archaeobotanical evidence

The origin, development and expansion of prehistoric agriculture in East Asia have been widely investigated over the past two decades using archaeobotanical analysis from excavated Neolithic and Bronze Age sites. Research on prehistoric agriculture has predominantly focused in the valleys of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. Agricultural development during the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau of southwest China, an important passageway for human migration into Southeast Asia, still remains unclear. In this paper, based on macrofossil and microfossil analysis and radiocarbon dating at the Shilinggang site, we investigate plant subsistence strategies in the Nujiang River valley during the Bronze Age period. Combined with previous archaeobotanical studies in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, we explore agricultural development processes in this area during the Neolithic and Bronze Age. Our results indicate that rice and foxtail millet were cultivated in Shilinggang around 2500 cal a BP. Three phases of prehistoric agricultural development in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau can be identified: rice cultivation from 4800–3900 cal a BP, mixed rice and millet crop(foxtail millet and broomcorn millet) cultivation from 3900–3400 cal a BP, and mixed rice, millet crop and wheat cultivation from 3400–2300 cal a BP. The development of agriculture in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau during the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods was primarily promoted by prehistoric agriculture expansion across Eurasia, agricultural expansion which was also affected by the topographic and hydrological characteristics of the area.

Facies-succession and architecture of the third-order sequences and their stratigraphic framework of the Devonian in Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi area,South China

The Caledonian orogeny at the end of the Silurian resulted in great changes in the palaeogeography in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi area of South China; the continental area of the Early Paleozoic evolved into the extensive Dian-Qian-Gui Sea in the Late Paleo-zoic. Early in the Devonian, as a result of a major transgression, seawater encroached gradually from the south to the north and clastic facies were deposited. Carbonate deposition was then established in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi area, with a palaeogeography marked by attached platforms, isolated platforms and narrow basins. As a result of the Ziyun movement towards the end of the Devonian, the Upper Devonian strata are regressive and thin out from the open-sea to the land areas. A study of the nature and distribution of sedimentary facies in space and time recognises 13 third-order sequences in the Devonian strata in Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi area, and these form two second-order sequences. The strata of the Lower Devonian comprise 5 third-order sequences (SQ1 to SQ5 ), which are dominated by transgressive clastics. 4 third-order sequences (SQ6 to SQ9 ) in the Middle Devonian are characterized by alternations of transgressive clastics and highstand carbonates. In the Upper Devonian, carbonates constitute 4 third-order sequences (SQ10 to SQ13 ), which are generally marked by the transgressive limestones and highstand dolomites. On the basis of earlier biostratigraphic studies, sea-level changes represented by the third-order sequences with their different facies successions are explored, and the sequence stratigraphic framework is established. There-fore, the Devonian strata in the study area provide an example for further understanding of depositional trends within the sequence-stratigraphic framework.

A sulfur isotope study of fine disseminated gold deposits in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi triangle area

THE fine disseminated gold deposits in Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi triangle area in S. China occur in thesedimentary rocks and are not relative to magmatism in space and genesis. Many authors have studiedthese deposits and obtained different conclusions. This note makes the first systematic study on sulfur isotope compositions to further discuss possible sources of ore-forming materials. 1 Sulfur isotope composition Figure 1 shows variations of sulfur isotope compositions of 232 sulfide separats from various depositsand their host rocks. S S values of pyrite from Mid-Triassic Banna Formation strata in the Jinya ore district can be divided into two groups: -7.4‰ to -6.4‰ and 2.7‰ to 14.1‰. Pyrite from the Jinyadeposits has δ34S values of -7.2‰-1.9‰, stibnite -6.7‰- -4.9‰ and arsenopyrite -4.1‰-

我国西南茶叶主产省茶产业发展现状与竞争力比较分析

目的:西南地区是我国茶产业重要地区,茶产业也是西南地区重要的农业产业,对云南、贵州和四川3个茶叶主产省展开竞争力评价及分析制约因素对产业高质量发展具有重要意义。方法:从茶叶生产、产业结构、经济效益、出口贸易等方面梳理3省茶产业发展现状,运用资源禀赋系数、显示性比较优势指数和综合比较优势指数评价云贵川3省茶产业竞争力。结果:云贵川3省具有拥有较强的资源禀赋、产业规模优势及综合比较优势,云南、贵州具有较强的出口贸易竞争力,但均存在相对出口不足的问题,贵州、四川生产效率比较优势不足。结论:结合云贵川3省茶产业发展及竞争力定量分析,从持续加强茶产业的扶持发展、提升茶叶国际贸易竞争力、推动茶产业高质量发展等方面给予对策建议。

黔北—滇东二叠纪锰矿主要成矿规律与成矿区带划分

这是一篇地球科学领域的论文。锰矿为我国十分紧缺的战略矿产之一。黔北-滇东地区是我国二叠纪锰矿最典型的分布区,在全球晚古生代也较为少见,该区锰矿资源丰富,找矿潜力巨大,称为“遵义式锰矿”。研究表明,该区锰矿产于二叠纪茅口晚期,分布严格受黔北裂谷盆地控制,锰矿在地堑盆地中心喷溢沉积成矿,在地垒区则无锰矿分布,矿体空间展布方向与盆地展布方向基本一致。其中,黔北遵义-黔西地区锰矿在空间上分布于盆地相区,并可分为中心相、过渡相、边缘相等三个锰矿相带,进一步指示了锰矿具体成矿位置,显示了锰矿受盆地中心控制非常明显的特点。在划分的遵义-宣威锰矿成矿带的基础上,详细划分出遵义-黔西锰矿成矿亚带中深溪—八里、龙坪—兴隆、团溪—尚稽、黔西4个锰矿矿集区,以及水城-宣威锰矿成矿亚带中水城—纳雍、格学2个锰矿矿集区。该研究成果对寻找黔北—滇东二叠纪隐伏锰矿床,开展成矿预测,具有重要的意义。

云贵川非物质文化遗产与传统村落空间分布格局及影响因素

基于核密度、空间重心模型、空间错位指数和地理探测器等方法,系统分析了云贵川非物质文化遗产(非遗)和传统村落的空间分布格局,包括空间分布密度和空间错位的程度、强度与类型,并探讨了影响其空间分布的因素。结果显示:①非遗和传统村落的空间分布结构分别为“两核一带多点”和“北疏、南密、中空”;②两者的总体空间错位特征明显,各州市在空间错位的程度、强度和类型上均具有差异性;③非遗和传统村落的空间分布都受到地形地貌和河流水系等自然环境因素的影响,在社会经济影响因素上,非遗空间分布的主要影响因素是文化和经济发展,传统村落空间分布的主要影响因素是人口和文化。

滇桂黔民族地区乡村旅游“产业-人才”耦合协调评价及融合发展模式

随着民族地区乡村旅游的进一步发展,部分地区乡村旅游的高质量发展遇到瓶颈.该文从耦合协调理论的视角出发,构建乡村旅游发展与人才发展的评价指标体系和耦合协调评价模型,通过耦合度和耦合协调度分别衡量滇桂黔民族地区两系统的耦合协调关系和协调发展现状,并根据乡村旅游发展相对优先度判断两系统的发展偏离情况,以云南景洪市、广西龙胜各族自治县、贵州雷山县三个县域乡村旅游目的地为案例地进行研究.结果表明:1)民族地区乡村旅游发展与人才发展具有较高的耦合度;2)不同地区的少数民族乡村旅游发展和人才发展的水平及两系统的耦合协调度相差较大;3)单个地区来看,云南景洪市在各方面表现较好,而广西龙胜各族自治县和贵州雷山县的乡村旅游发展和人才发展较差,且两者之间尚未达到均衡发展状态.基于耦合实证结果以及三个案例地的实际概况,进一步探讨并提出民族地区乡村旅游“产业-人才”融合发展模式,助力乡村振兴和乡村旅游的高质量发展.

滇东—黔西中二叠统白云岩特征、成因及其主控因素

【目的】中国滇东—黔西地区中二叠统广泛发育白云岩。针对这些白云岩的成因,前人开展了一系列研究,并提出了多种白云岩形成机理。然而,关于镁离子的来源、白云化的主控因素等关键问题,至今仍无定论。这些问题严重制约了滇东—黔西地区的油气扩展勘探。【方法】综合利用露头、岩心和钻井等资料,对滇东—黔西地区中二叠统白云岩的分布规律、岩相学特征和地球化学特征进行了详细分析。【结果与结论】(1)研究区白云岩的形成机理为开放热对流白云化模式。白云化流体的镁离子主要来自海水,少部分来自深部热液流体;(2)白云化流体主要通过亮晶生屑石灰岩中的孔隙,以及断层和裂缝系统运移。在温度空间差异的驱动下,白云化流体沿循环流动路径运移,导致中二叠统石灰岩迅速且广泛的白云化;(3)白云岩发育的主控因素为滩相沉积和峨眉地幔柱(活动范围)。

川滇黔相邻区沉积型稀土富集规律与成因研究

稀土是重要的战略资源,在国际能源、农业、高精度仪器、军事等领域具有不可替代的重要地位。近年来,稀土成矿机理研究和新型稀土找矿已成为全球热点问题。例如,富含稀土深海软泥(Kato et al.,2011),与铝土矿尾矿伴生的稀土(Boni et al.,2013)和煤系地层(Dai Shifeng et al.,2016)。在滇黔相邻区晚二叠世宣威组底部,广泛分布的灰白色黏土岩直接覆盖在峨眉山溢流玄武岩顶部.

云贵高原典型区域气象灾害时空演变特征及影响因素分析

目前气象灾害研究主要以时空分布规律和典型气象灾害风险评估为主,在对气象灾害进行系统的时空演变及影响因素研究方面还相对薄弱。为了揭示云贵高原典型气象灾害时空演变特征及影响因素,本研究基于大理州1984~2021年的历史气象灾害灾情统计数据,利用Arc GIS的标准差椭圆法、新兴时空热点分析和地理探测器,分析了大理州气象灾害时空演变特征及影响因素。结果表明:(1)时间上,大理州气象灾害集中发生在5~9月,历史气象灾害时间在年际变化上可分为三个阶段;(2)空间上,气象灾害发生密度较高的县(市)主要分布在大理市和鹤庆县;(3)时空变化上,5~7月气象灾害中心集中分布在大理市,移动方向为先北再西南后向北移动,鹤庆县出现新增热点;(4)地理探测器结果显示,24 h累计降水量、坡度和河网密度是引起暴雨洪涝灾害的主要原因。研究成果有助于认识大理州气象灾害的时空演变趋势和主要影响因素,从而为气象灾害防治工作提供技术支撑与理论指导。

贵州省云贵高原型中蜂形态多样性分析

从贵州省4个县12个采样点117群中华蜜蜂中,每群随机采集15只工蜂,对每只工蜂进行29项形态指标的测定。利用SPSS19.0对形态特征数据进行因素分析、聚类分析和变异分析。因素分析提取了3个特征值较高的因素,包括了76.44%的变异。利用提取的主因子进行聚类分析,可将其分为4个类群:威宁雪山、黑石头镇为一类,纳雍姑开乡、新房乡、水东乡、羊场乡和赫章野马川镇、平山镇为一类,正安芙蓉江、和溪镇为一类,威宁石门、草海为一类,说明贵州省境内中蜂存在形态差异及种群分化;变异分析结果显示贵州省12个采样点中华蜜蜂29项形态指标样点间差异较大,其中,黑石头镇、雪山镇在前翅长和前翅宽两个指标及吻长、股节长、基节长等与个体大小相关指标平均值较大,均与其他地区存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。该研究为贵州省中蜂资源的研究提供了理论基础数据,对开发和利用蜜蜂资源具有重要意义。

环境史视域下历史时期云贵地区食野习俗研究

云贵地区的食野习俗贯穿历史但呈式微之势。汉晋及以前,食野在饮食生产方式中占主体地位;隋至元时,食野逐渐收缩至山地民族地区但十分兴盛;明清时期,山地民族食野比重下降,但分布范围还很广;民国以来,食野遗留至云贵山腹民族村寨,比重大幅下降,直至21世纪初,食野习俗才完成退却而转换成特色饮食名片。历史时期云贵地区的食野与自然、社会环境互动大体和谐。上古时期的人类食野对环境影响微弱,食野具有效率。中国古代云贵地区人少林多,人类干涉维度有限,生产力发展不足,在各民族对生态的敬畏和关照中,云贵食野照应特殊生境的生态平衡需求,其致病性亦不强,是人类最优、最具效率之选。近代以来云贵地区生态脆弱,野味养殖危机增强,食野之弊大于利。

明清滇黔行纪述论

明清时期中央对云贵地区的管理由高层组织逐步深入至基层社会,随着与内地交往交流交融的增加,尤其官员往来的频繁,出现了大量汉文滇黔行纪。经笔者收集整理共计67部,其中明代9部,清代58部。这些行纪的旅行路线以往来直隶与云贵以及江南与云贵间的数量最多,这与当时的政治、经济格局相一致。随着中央统治的深入,地理认知的拓展等因素,明清滇黔行纪所涉及的区域范围越来越广。行纪的作者以官员为主,由于官员选派施行地区回避制,因此大部分是省外至滇黔任职的官员。具体的出行原因以贬谪、为官、监考、处理军务、宣召、办案为数较多,地理考察、寻亲、游览、朝觐、赶考、矿产调查、地质勘察为数较少。明清云贵地区是此前文人、官员较少涉足的新天地,因此对他们有着很强的吸引力,并为他们的文学、绘画创作提供了全新的土壤。明清滇黔行纪,既有写景叙事的文学佳作,又有大量关于明清滇黔交通、政治、经济、军事、风俗、教育、矿产、地理、气候的珍贵史料。滇黔地区很多旅游景点在明清时期就得到了开发,由于通行条件所限,驿道沿线的景区分布集中,且相关诗文记录丰富,可谓这些景点的文化富矿。滇黔行纪保留了景点的历史,积累起景点的人文底蕴,对当今云贵地区旅游业的发展有重要借鉴价值。

税收优惠对区域创新效率的影响效应——以云贵川渝为例

运用2009—2021年云贵川渝相关数据,采用系统GMM方法对税收优惠激励区域创新效率的效应进行实证分析,并就经济发展水平展开异质性分析。实证结果表明,税收优惠能显著提升云贵川渝地区的创新效率;经济发达地区,税收优惠的创新激励效果更明显,经济欠发达地区,税收优惠对区域创新效率无显著影响。根据实证分析得出的结论,提出完善税收优惠政策、制定差异化的税收优惠政策等建议。

云贵高原中部倒春寒特征及其极端类型大气环境场分析

利用1981—2021年云贵高原中部45个气象观测站逐日平均气温资料,以及NCEP2.5°×2.5°再分析日资料,采用倒春寒指数计算、分级以及合成分析等方法,分析云贵高原中部倒春寒天气年际、年代际变化特征,并确定特重级倒春寒年和无倒春寒年为倒春寒极端类型年,对比分析其环流特征,找出其预报指标。结果表明:(1)1981—2021年云贵高原中部区域年度倒春寒标准化指数总体呈下降趋势,且在1998年前后具有一个明显的突变(α=0.01)。特重级和重级倒春寒年基本发生在20世纪80年代和90年代,进入21世纪后,以轻级倒春寒年和无倒春寒年为主。(2)在特重级倒春寒年,500 hPa极涡偏强,亚洲中高纬呈现出西高东低的异常环流型,有利于东亚地区环流径向度加大,同时50°N以南温度基本呈负距平分布,表明冷空气活动异常活跃,从而造成地面云贵准静止锋偏强。与此同时,700 hPa云贵高原受异常气旋式环流东侧的偏东气流控制,与华北异常反气旋式环流底部的偏东气流在云贵高原上空辐合,将南海和东海的水汽向云贵高原上空输送,有利于低温和降水天气的形成。在无倒春寒年,上述形势相反。(3)在特重级倒春寒年,前期夏季、秋季、冬季和同期春季中东太平洋海温均表现为东部型厄尔尼诺;在无倒春寒年,均表现为中部型厄尔尼诺。

新型职业农民培育影响因素及对策建议——基于桂滇黔地区调查数据的研究

文章采用访谈调查的方法对桂滇黔地区新型农民培育的影响因素进行研究。研究结果表明,影响新型农民培育的因素既包括法律法规政策、资金投入、风俗与地理等外部环境宏观因素,也包括培训主体硬件设施、培训时间和地点、培训内容与方法、培训主体组织机制的规范性等培育供给的微观因素,还包括年龄、受教育程度、培训意愿、家庭的特征等农民自身的因素。并根据影响因素提出完善法律法规、对培训人员进行筛选等相关对策。

川滇黔相邻区古陆相沉积型稀土的发现及意义

文章报道了一种在川滇黔相邻区新发现的古陆相沉积型稀土矿床。稀土矿体赋存在二叠系峨眉山玄武岩之上,上二叠统宣威组底部,含矿建造为一套以高岭石及伊利石为主的黏土岩建造,分布广泛,连续性好,稀土氧化物TREO平均品位0.39%,最高可达1.60%。岩相古地理条件及地球化学特征显示,稀土元素源自西侧剥蚀区,经搬运-沉积-改造后富集;赋存状态方面,古陆相沉积型稀土除独立矿物态(<1%),类质同象态(<1%)和离子吸附态(0.02%~24%)外,75%以上的稀土元素以纳米矿物颗粒的形态被“束缚”在黏土矿物层状结构中;稀土元素配分曲线图显示其高价值关键稀土元素镨、钕、铽、镝占比累计达23.34%;通过短流程的选冶一体化工艺技术,全元素稀土浸出率达到90%以上,综合回收率达80%以上。这一新类型稀土资源具有极大的开发利用前景,有望成为中国新的关键稀土元素来源。