Taking inspiration from quantum parity–time(PT) symmetries that have gained immense popularity in the emerging fields of non-Hermitian optics and photonics, the interest of exploring more generalized gain-loss intera...Taking inspiration from quantum parity–time(PT) symmetries that have gained immense popularity in the emerging fields of non-Hermitian optics and photonics, the interest of exploring more generalized gain-loss interactions is never seen down. In this paper we theoretically present new fantastic properties through a zero-index metamaterial(ZIM) waveguide loaded gain and loss defects. For the case of epsilon-and-mu-near-zero(EMNZ) based ZIM medium, electromagnetic(EM)waves are cumulative and the system behaves as an amplifier when the loss cavity coefficient is greater than the gain cavity coefficient. Conversely, when loss is less than gain, EM waves are dissipated and the system behaves as an attenuator.Moreover, our investigation is extended to non-Hermitian scenarios characterized by tailored distributions of gain and loss in the epsilon-near-zero(ENZ) host medium. The transport effect in ZIM waveguide is amplified in one mode, while it is dissipative in the other mode, which breaks the common sense and its physic is analyzed by magnetic flux. That is which cavity has the smaller loss/gain coefficient, the larger its magnetic flux, which cavity dominates. This paper is of significant importance in the manipulation of electromagnetic waves and light amplification as well as the enhancement of matter interactions.展开更多
Metamaterials(MTM)can enhance the properties of microwaves and also exceed some limitations of devices used in technical practice.Note that the antenna is the element for realizing a microwave imaging(MWI)system since...Metamaterials(MTM)can enhance the properties of microwaves and also exceed some limitations of devices used in technical practice.Note that the antenna is the element for realizing a microwave imaging(MWI)system since it is where signal transmission and absorption occur.Ultra-Wideband(UWB)antenna superstrates with MTM elements to ensure the signal transmitted from the antenna reaches the tumor and is absorbed by the same antenna.The lack of conventional head imaging techniques,for instance,Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)and Computerized Tomography(CT)-scan,has been demonstrated in the paper focusing on the point of failure of these techniques for prompt diagnosis and portable systems.Furthermore,the importance ofMWIhas been addressed elaborately to portray its effectiveness and aptness for a primary tumor diagnosis.Other than that,MTM element designs have been discussed thoroughly based on their performances towards the contributions to the better image resolution of MWI with detailed reasonings.This paper proposes the novel design of a Zeroindex Split RingResonator(SRR)MTMelement superstrate with a UWB antenna implemented in MWI systems for detecting tumor.The novel design of the MTM enables the realization of a high gain of a superstrate UWB antenna with the highest gain of 5.70 dB.Besides that,the MTM imitates the conduct of the zeroreflection phase on the resonance frequency,which does not exist.An antenna with an MTM unit is of a 7×4 and 10×5 Zero-index SRR MTM element that acts as a superstrate plane to the antenna.Apart from that,Rogers(RT5880)substrate material is employed to fabricate the designed MTM unit cell,with the following characteristics:0.51mm thickness,the loss tangent of 0.02,as well as the relative permittivity of 2.2,with Computer Simulation Technology(CST)performing the simulation and design.Both MTM unit cells of 7×4 and 10×5 attained 0°with respect to the reflection phase at the 2.70 GHz frequency band.The first design,MTM Antenna Design 1,consists of a 7×4 MTM unit cell that observed a rise of 5.70 dB with a return loss(S11)−20.007 dB at 2.70 GHz frequency.The second design,MTM Antenna Design 2,consists of 10×5 MTM unit cells that recorded a gain of 5.66 dB,having the return loss(S11)−19.734 dB at 2.70 GHz frequency.Comparing these two MTM elements superstrates with the antenna,one can notice that the 7×4 MTM element shape has a low number of the unit cell with high gain and is a better choice than the 10×5 MTM element in realizing MTM element superstrates antenna for MWI.展开更多
针对当前近零碳园区综合评价指标体系缺失的问题,首先,构建了包含7项一级指标和20项二级指标的评价体系,并明确了指标内涵及计算方法;其次,通过主客观结合的集值迭代–批判法(Set value iteration,SVI;Criteria importance through inte...针对当前近零碳园区综合评价指标体系缺失的问题,首先,构建了包含7项一级指标和20项二级指标的评价体系,并明确了指标内涵及计算方法;其次,通过主客观结合的集值迭代–批判法(Set value iteration,SVI;Criteria importance through intercrieria correlation,CRITIC)确定指标主客观权重,根据矩阵论基本理论计算各指标组合权重,从而避免了单一赋权的片面性;然后,分别研究定性和定量指标的模糊综合计算方式,构建了综合评价模型;最后,以某近零碳园区运行数据为例进行了验证。验证结果表明,所提方法能较为全面地对近零碳排放园区建设情况进行科学评价。展开更多
高面阻特性的透明氧化铟锡薄膜(Indium Tin Oxide,ITO)带来的欧姆损耗极大地影响了天线的辐射增益,为了改善应用在车联网系统中车辆玻璃表面共形天线的增益,采用零折射率超材料覆层与透明天线平行组合,天线与覆层之间的支撑体采用聚酯层...高面阻特性的透明氧化铟锡薄膜(Indium Tin Oxide,ITO)带来的欧姆损耗极大地影响了天线的辐射增益,为了改善应用在车联网系统中车辆玻璃表面共形天线的增益,采用零折射率超材料覆层与透明天线平行组合,天线与覆层之间的支撑体采用聚酯层板,可以保持整体高透明度和聚束效果。仿真与实测的研究结果表明,该天线能够覆盖2.4 GHz的ISM频段、5G-n77/n78以及C-V2X频段,在3.4 GHz处实现了3.23 dB的增益提升,半功率波束角分别在yoz面和xoz面上减少了17.2°和27.4°,克服了透明导电材料带来的损耗问题。利用微波暗室与矢量网络分析仪进行实物测试,结果表明实测与仿真结果匹配良好,总体设计可用于车载自适应网络通信系统。展开更多
基金Project supported by Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2021L554)。
文摘Taking inspiration from quantum parity–time(PT) symmetries that have gained immense popularity in the emerging fields of non-Hermitian optics and photonics, the interest of exploring more generalized gain-loss interactions is never seen down. In this paper we theoretically present new fantastic properties through a zero-index metamaterial(ZIM) waveguide loaded gain and loss defects. For the case of epsilon-and-mu-near-zero(EMNZ) based ZIM medium, electromagnetic(EM)waves are cumulative and the system behaves as an amplifier when the loss cavity coefficient is greater than the gain cavity coefficient. Conversely, when loss is less than gain, EM waves are dissipated and the system behaves as an attenuator.Moreover, our investigation is extended to non-Hermitian scenarios characterized by tailored distributions of gain and loss in the epsilon-near-zero(ENZ) host medium. The transport effect in ZIM waveguide is amplified in one mode, while it is dissipative in the other mode, which breaks the common sense and its physic is analyzed by magnetic flux. That is which cavity has the smaller loss/gain coefficient, the larger its magnetic flux, which cavity dominates. This paper is of significant importance in the manipulation of electromagnetic waves and light amplification as well as the enhancement of matter interactions.
基金the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2018/ICT06/UNIMAP/02/1)of the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia.
文摘Metamaterials(MTM)can enhance the properties of microwaves and also exceed some limitations of devices used in technical practice.Note that the antenna is the element for realizing a microwave imaging(MWI)system since it is where signal transmission and absorption occur.Ultra-Wideband(UWB)antenna superstrates with MTM elements to ensure the signal transmitted from the antenna reaches the tumor and is absorbed by the same antenna.The lack of conventional head imaging techniques,for instance,Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)and Computerized Tomography(CT)-scan,has been demonstrated in the paper focusing on the point of failure of these techniques for prompt diagnosis and portable systems.Furthermore,the importance ofMWIhas been addressed elaborately to portray its effectiveness and aptness for a primary tumor diagnosis.Other than that,MTM element designs have been discussed thoroughly based on their performances towards the contributions to the better image resolution of MWI with detailed reasonings.This paper proposes the novel design of a Zeroindex Split RingResonator(SRR)MTMelement superstrate with a UWB antenna implemented in MWI systems for detecting tumor.The novel design of the MTM enables the realization of a high gain of a superstrate UWB antenna with the highest gain of 5.70 dB.Besides that,the MTM imitates the conduct of the zeroreflection phase on the resonance frequency,which does not exist.An antenna with an MTM unit is of a 7×4 and 10×5 Zero-index SRR MTM element that acts as a superstrate plane to the antenna.Apart from that,Rogers(RT5880)substrate material is employed to fabricate the designed MTM unit cell,with the following characteristics:0.51mm thickness,the loss tangent of 0.02,as well as the relative permittivity of 2.2,with Computer Simulation Technology(CST)performing the simulation and design.Both MTM unit cells of 7×4 and 10×5 attained 0°with respect to the reflection phase at the 2.70 GHz frequency band.The first design,MTM Antenna Design 1,consists of a 7×4 MTM unit cell that observed a rise of 5.70 dB with a return loss(S11)−20.007 dB at 2.70 GHz frequency.The second design,MTM Antenna Design 2,consists of 10×5 MTM unit cells that recorded a gain of 5.66 dB,having the return loss(S11)−19.734 dB at 2.70 GHz frequency.Comparing these two MTM elements superstrates with the antenna,one can notice that the 7×4 MTM element shape has a low number of the unit cell with high gain and is a better choice than the 10×5 MTM element in realizing MTM element superstrates antenna for MWI.
文摘针对当前近零碳园区综合评价指标体系缺失的问题,首先,构建了包含7项一级指标和20项二级指标的评价体系,并明确了指标内涵及计算方法;其次,通过主客观结合的集值迭代–批判法(Set value iteration,SVI;Criteria importance through intercrieria correlation,CRITIC)确定指标主客观权重,根据矩阵论基本理论计算各指标组合权重,从而避免了单一赋权的片面性;然后,分别研究定性和定量指标的模糊综合计算方式,构建了综合评价模型;最后,以某近零碳园区运行数据为例进行了验证。验证结果表明,所提方法能较为全面地对近零碳排放园区建设情况进行科学评价。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91850206,11974261)the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(18ZR1442900)+2 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Group of Shanxi Province,China(201805D131006)Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province,China(201903D121026)The Central Government guides local science and Technology Development Fund projects(Grant No.YDZJSX2021B011)。
