Production Characteristics and the Control Factors of Surface Wells for Relieved Methane Drainage in the Huainan Mining Area

Based on the production data of a large number of surface drainage wells in the Huainan mining area,the present study shows that four types of typical production characteristics for relieved methane wells are recognized,of which the stable type for production and gas concentration is the most dominate,as determined by a comprehensive study on the volume and concentration of drained gases, as well as the stress changes of rocks influenced by mining.Some influence factors for the productive differences of the drainage wells were also been discussed.The results indicate that protective coal-seam mining has a significant effect on overlying strata,which promotes the development of pores and fractures of coal reservoirs for methane desorption and migration;however,the production and the stability of drainage wells are affected by deformation and damage of the overlying strata.The second distribution of strata stress is caused by mining engineering,and if the stress load is larger than the carrying capacity of the extraction well,the gas production would be influenced by the drainage well that has been damaged by rock movement.Furthermore,the case damage occurs first in the weak, lithologic interface by its special mechanical properties.The stability of drainage wells and the production status are also influenced by the different drilling techniques,uneven distribution of gas concentration,and combination of gob gas and methane from the protected layer.

Exploitation technology of pressure relief coalbed methane in vertical surface wells in the Huainan coal mining area

Exploitation technology of pressure relief coalbed methane in vertical surface wells is a new method for exploration of gas and coalbed methane exploitation in mining areas with high concentrations of gas, where tectonic coal developed. Studies on vertical surface well technology in the Huainan Coal Mining area play a role in demonstration in the use of clean, new energy resources, preventing and reducing coal mine gas accidents and protecting the environment. Based on the practice of gas drainage engineering of pressure relief coalbed methane in vertical surface wells and combined with relative geological and exploration en- gineering theories, the design principles of design and structure of wells of pressure relief coalbed methane in vertical surface wells are studied. The effects of extraction and their causes are discussed and the impact of geological conditions on gas production of the vertical surface wells are analyzed. The results indicate that in mining areas with high concentrations of gas, where tectonic coal developed, a success rate of pressure relief coalbed methane in surface vertical well is high and single well production usually great. But deformation due to coal exploitation could damage boreholes and cause breaks in the connection between aquifers and bore-holes, which could induce a decrease, even a complete halt in gas production of a single well. The design of well site location and wellbore configuration are the key for technology. The development of the geological conditions for coalbed methane have a significant effect on gas production of coalbed methane wells.

Failure characteristics of surface vertical wells for relieved coal gas and their influencing factors in Huainan mining area

Based on data from through-hole and logging,we studied the failure characteristics of surface drainage wells for relieved coal gas in Huainan mining area and its influencing factors.The results show that the damaged positions of drainage wells are mainly located at the thick clay layer in the low alluvium and the lithological interface in the upper section of bedrock in west mining area.The failure depth of casing is 244-670 m and concentrates at about 270-460 m deep.These damaged positions are mainly located in the bending zone according to three zones of rock layers in the vertical section above the roof divided. Generally,the casing begins to deform or damage before the face line about 30-150 m.Special formation structure and rock mass properties are the direct causes of the casing failure,high mining height and fast advancing speed are fundamental reasons for rock mass damage.However,the borehole configuration and spacing to the casing failure are not very clear.

Study on environmental impact of coal mining subsided water area in Huainan mining area

The subsided water areas with different times of subsidence are chosen to monitor the physicochemical indexes and heavy metal elements. The results indicate that subsided water areas are polluted in different degree. Some physicochemical indexes of subsided water areas are increased with the development of the subsidence and are changed with the changing of the season. The concentration of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Se, Zn of subsided water areas is less than national fishery, and surface water quality standards of China , except Hg. And the quality of subsided water hasn＇t been polluted by heavy metal seriously. Analyzing and appraising the quality of the subsided water can give a reasonable data as basis in using the subsided water resource.

Planning and Design of Suocao Bay Wetland Park in Maoji Experimental Area of Huainan City

The coal resources are abundant in Huainan City,but with development and utilization of coal mine,the water surface formed by mining subsidence increases gradually,and more and more people pay great attention on the research of the wetland in the subsidence area. Through on-site review,the status of the wetland resources is explored,and wetland ecosystem of the region is analyzed. In this paper,the red line delimitation,functional zoning,overall layout and basic engineering planning and design of Suocao Bay Wetland Park are carried out. The planning and design of Suocao Bay Wetland Park mean to provide new support for ecological protection,accelerate the ecological restoration in Maoji Experimental Area,vigorously carry forward the wetland culture,and make it become an important wetland demonstration base in coal mine subsidence area.

Urban Agriculture:The Major Direction of Future Agricultural Development in Huainan City

On the basis of introducing the concept of urban agriculture, this paper analyses the necessity of developing urban agriculture in Huainan City as follows: it is the need of transformation and upgrading of agricultural industry; it is the need of development of urban-rural integration; it is the need of sustainable urban development; it is the need of solving the issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers effectively. Then this paper analyses the endowment of developing urban agriculture in Huainan City. And finally the basic conception in industrial form and spatial framework is put forward, to develop urban agriculture in Huainan City.

Optimum location of surface wells for remote pressure relief coalbed methane drainage in mining areas

Based on engineering tests in the Huainan coal mining area,we studied alternative well location to improve the performance of surface wells for remote pressure relief of coalbed methane in mining areas.The key factors,affecting location and well gas production were analyzed by simulation tests for similar material.The exploitation results indicate that wells located in various positions on panels could achieve relatively better gas production in regions with thin Cenozoic layers,low mining heights and slow rate of longwall advancement,but their periods of gas production lasted less than 230 days,as opposed to wells in regions with thick Cenozoic layers,greater mining heights and fast rates of longwall advancement.Wells near panel margins achieved relatively better gas production and lasted longer than centerline wells.The rules of development of mining fractures in strata over panels control gas production of surface wells.Mining fractures located in areas determined by lines of compaction and the effect of mining are well developed and can be maintained for long periods of time.Placing the well at the end of panels and on the updip return airway side of panels,determined by lines of compaction and the effect of mining,would result in surface wells for remote pressure relief CBM obtaining their longest gas production periods and highest cumulative gas production.

淮南矿区1/3焦煤二次氧化煤样孔隙特性实验研究

采空区二次氧化煤样自然发火为煤矿安全生产带来了巨大隐患。以淮南矿业集团顾桥煤矿1/3焦煤为研究对象,利用实验研究的方法,系统研究了不同预氧化温度和预氧化时间对煤孔隙特性的影响,研究发现:新鲜煤样和不同预氧化处理煤样的等温吸附曲线均呈典型的第Ⅱ类等温吸附曲线;预氧化处理对煤中孔隙的影响主要集中在0.45~20 nm,其中,2~4 nm内微孔的数量和总孔容在减少,在4~20 nm内的孔隙的数量和总孔容则显著增大;煤样的比表面积随着预氧化温度的提升呈现出先增大后变小的趋势,并在70℃时达到最大值;预氧化处理后,孔径处于0.45~5.9 nm时,孔隙的数量和总孔容有较大的变化。研究成果可为采空区自然发火防控提供必要的科学理论支撑。

淮南矿区煤层顶板分段压裂水平井抽采技术及效果研究

淮南矿区为典型高瓦斯矿区,煤层碎软、渗透率低、瓦斯含量偏高、抽采难度大,为探讨地面煤层气顶板分段压裂水平井在矿区的技术可行性与瓦斯治理效果,在分析矿区主要煤层13-1煤储层特征基础上,采用应力解除法进行了煤层三向地应力测试,结果显示三向应力场类型主要为σ_(h,max)>σ_(v)>σ_(h,min),具有实施顶板分段压裂水平井技术的充分条件;利用MFrac Suite软件分别模拟了水平段距离煤层1、3、5 m时的压裂缝参数,压裂缝半长最大107.33 m、最小89.47 m,具有理想的压裂效果,说明顶板分段压裂水平井在淮南矿区具有比较好的地质适应性与可行性。以潘一煤矿13-1煤层“L”型顶板分段压裂水平井CBM01井为研究对象,采用井下钻孔检测与数值模拟等手段综合分析了瓦斯治理效果,结果显示CBM01井抽采415 d即显著降低了煤层瓦斯压力与瓦斯含量,距离水平井50、65 m处瓦斯压力由6.4 MPa分别降至2.6、2.7 MPa,降低幅度均超过55%,水平段两侧各15~20 m范围内瓦斯含量由13.5 m^(3)/t降至最大9.11 m^(3)/t、最小6.92 m^(3)/t,平均7.92 m^(3)/t,约10 m范围均降至8 m^(3)/t以下。最后,采用数值模拟方法预测了CBM01井抽采10 a的产气效果及瓦斯治理效果,气井抽采10 a累计产气约272.08×10^(4)m^(3),水平段倾向单侧约150 m范围内气含量均降至8 m^(3)/t以下、压力均降至3 MPa以下。综合研究结果表明,煤层顶板分段压裂水平井技术在淮南矿区瓦斯治理方面均具有较大的优势和应用效果。

分段多簇密切割压裂技术在淮南矿区煤层气抽采中的应用

针对淮南矿区碎软低渗煤层瓦斯抽采技术难题,以13-1煤层为例,在分析煤层及其顶底板概况的基础上,采用煤层顶板分段压裂水平井技术,充分利用水平井水平段,单段分3簇射孔,簇间距25 m,实现分段多簇密切割体积压裂改造。微地震监测结果表明,单段裂缝长度102.5~211.4 m,缝高17.3~27 m,裂缝主体向下延伸,实现了井筒与煤层的沟通。排水采气效果表明,最高产气量1519 m^(3)/d,取得了良好的产气效果。研究成果为淮南矿区煤层气地面预抽和瓦斯区域治理提供了工程借鉴。

明清徽商与两淮城市的艺术繁盛和社会风雅

明清时期两淮城市经济发达,文化繁荣,音乐风貌多彩多姿,戏曲演剧盛况空前,说唱音乐热闹非凡,时调小曲风行不衰,书画艺术风格多元。明清两淮城市艺术的繁荣离不开徽商的巨大贡献,徽商凭借其雄厚的商业资产极大地促进了两淮城市商业经济的繁荣,带动了市民阶层的崛起,提高了城市的内生动力,影响了两淮城市的文化价值取向,强烈地刺激了市俗音乐文化的全面勃兴。徽商大贾的园亭宾客、文酒诗会对明清学术的交流与发展影响深远,使得明清两淮城市呈现人文荟萃、名伶辈出、风雅尽显的特殊气象。

基于堆叠式LSTM的采煤工作面瓦斯浓度预测方法

随着淮南矿区煤炭开采工作向深部煤层开展,煤与瓦斯突出问题成为制约淮南矿区产能的重要因素,为提高瓦斯浓度预测方法的准确度,在长短期时间记忆网络(LSTM)的基础上,模仿深度神经网络通过多层堆叠提升特征能力的方式,提出堆叠式LSTM模型结构,通过多层LSTM结构深度挖掘瓦斯浓度时间序列数据中存在的关联性,从而提高瓦斯浓度预测的准确度。以淮南朱集东煤矿瓦斯监测数据为样本,通过滑动窗口方法制作数据集,并搭建相应实验平台,进行训练与验证。实验结果表明,采用堆叠式LSTM结构相较于传统LSTM结构能够降低网络结构的平均绝对百分误差,并更加准确地预测煤矿瓦斯浓度。

淮南张集矿区煤中微量元素的含量分布特征分析

在采用ICP-AES对张集7个煤层144个样品微量元素含量测试分析的基础上,探讨了元素在不同煤层中的变化规律及其在煤层对比中的应用。结果表明:张集矿区煤中元素B、Se和As含量偏高;不同煤层中微量元素含量变化较大,但具有一定的规律性,其中在9煤层中元素Ba和Cr含量最低,Mn、Zn、As和Se含量相对较高,可以利用这些元素分布特征来区别和划分相邻煤层。

淮南张集矿水文地球化学特征及水源识别

为了研究淮南张集矿的地下水水化学特征及其水源,共收集45个样品的常规水化学资料(其中,第四系水12个、煤系水27个、灰岩水6个)。借助Piper图和Durov图划分了三个含水层的水质类型,并对主要组分的特征进行了分析。通过对比分析各含水层不同组分的箱线图,研究发现当[K++Na+]>500mg/L、[Cl-]>450mg/L、[TDS]>1500mg/L时,能区分出煤系水;当[K++Na+]<200mg/L、[HCO-3]<250mg/L、[SO2-4]>35mg/L、p H>9时能区分出灰岩水,剩下的可能是第四系水。在此基础上建立的水源识别模型对第四系水、煤系水、灰岩水进行判别,正确率分别为:96.3%、100%、93.7%,有较好的水源识别效果。

淮南矿区煤矸石中微量元素的研究

通过对淮南矿区按煤层和岩性特征系统采样,运用INNA,ICP-MS分析煤矸石中微量元素、冷原子吸收法分析Hg、选择性电极法分析F、化学法分析常量元素,并研究经过科学筛选出的11种重金属元素:Cd,Cu,Ni,Sn,Hg,Mn,As,Cr,Pb,Zn和非金属元素F,初步探讨了这些元素对矿区环境的危害,其中Cd,Cu,Ni,Sn,Hg超过淮南土壤背景值、中国土壤背景值、世界土壤背景值等.Cd含量是淮南土壤的40倍、世界土壤的7倍;Cu含量是淮南土壤的约2倍、世界土壤约1.5倍;Ni含量是淮南土壤的8倍、世界土壤的4倍;Sn含量是淮南土壤的3倍、世界土壤约2倍;样品中Hg含量是淮南土壤的3 602倍、世界土壤的1 381倍,并指出这种危害是具累积性的.

徐州-淮南地区新元古代臼齿碳酸盐岩成因探讨

臼齿碳酸盐岩是一种发育在中一新元古代,由微亮晶方解石组成的复杂褶皱构造,其成因一百多年来一直是个谜。通过对徐州-淮南地区新元古代臼齿碳酸盐岩特征、形成环境、分布时限研究,探讨了臼齿碳酸盐岩成因。该区臼齿碳酸盐岩发育在台地缓坡沉积体系中,可作为潮下浅水环境的标志,其形态在微层序中的分布反映沉积环境,具有重要的环境意义。建立了臼齿碳酸盐岩微相环境模式。快速石化作用形成均匀、等粒微亮晶方解石,是臼齿碳酸盐岩显著特征。现代类似于发育臼齿碳酸盐岩潮下环境没有这样的快速石化条件,它要求更高的超过饱和CaCO3沉淀。臼齿碳酸盐岩在本区分布时限介于850-720 Ma间,在Sturtian冰期之前消失,与全球其他地区臼齿碳酸盐岩消失的时限一致,Sturtian冰期改变了海洋化学性质,是臼齿碳酸盐岩消失的根本原因。Sturtian冰期对海洋化学性质的影响,可能是揭开臼齿碳酸盐岩成因机理的一个重要新途径。

淮南地区粉螨群落与生境关系研究初报

目的:探讨淮南地区不同生境对粉螨群落的组成及多样性的影响。方法:选取大学生宿舍、粮食加工厂、中药材库及食品储藏库4种不同的生境,采用直接镜检法和电热集螨法对1520份样本进行粉螨的分离、鉴定及计数,并进行数据分析。结果:共分离出粉螨36种,隶属于7科21属。多样性分析结果表明:4种生境的物种丰富度指数R在1.701～4.071之间,多样性指数H'为1.962～3.276,均匀度指数J'为0.718～0.922以及优势度指数D为0.046～0.186。结论:粉螨孳生环境中的食物种类和人类活动也是粉螨群落物种组成和多样性的重要影响因素。

淮河以北矿区地面沉降及其成因

根据多年的高程实测资料，查明了淮河以北矿区（主要是潘集地区）地面沉降的幅度、速率及范围；分析了该区地面沉降的内因和外因，为区内地面沉降的防治提供了依据。

淮南煤矿开采塌陷区土地综合利用

介绍了淮南开采塌陷区的分布特征及土地资源利用现状,分析了塌陷区治理开发利用潜力与土地资源利用与保护意义,探讨了塌陷区土地综合治理的保障措施。

两淮采煤沉陷积水区水体水化学特征及影响因素

为分析沉陷积水区主要补给水源及相应的溶质来源,在淮南"潘谢"矿区和淮北"朱-杨庄"矿区各选取3个研究站点,基于水化学基本理论和原理,分析了各研究水域主要离子质量浓度、组成及类型,采用Gibbs图及因子分析方法,对水化学特征的影响因素进行了讨论。结果表明:水体总溶解性固体(TDS)质量浓度在丰、平、枯水期总体上逐渐升高,淮北沉陷积水区水体的矿化度、碱度和总硬度均高于淮南沉陷积水区。水化学组成在区域范围具有一定的空间变异性,HCO-3和Na+在阴阳离子中占有最大比例;淮南3个站点水化学类型主要为Na+-HCO-3-Cl-和Na+-Ca2+-HCO-3型,淮北3个站点则为Na+-Mg2+-HCO-3型。Gibbs图和因子分析共同揭示了淮南沉陷积水区水化学特征主要受浅层地下水和地表径流的双重影响,而淮北沉陷积水区离子组成主要体现了区域浅层地下水化学的特征。