Dynamical Properties of Additive Cellular Automata over Finite Abelian Groups

Some dynamical properties were discussed for additive cellular automata(CA)over finite abelian groups.These properties include surjection,ergodicity,sensitivity to initial conditions and positive expansivity.Some necessary and sufficient conditions of determining ergodicity and sensitivity of the above additive CA were presented,respectively.A necessary condition for the positive expansivity of the above additive CA was given.The positive expansivity was proved to be preserved under the shift mappings for the general CA.The discussion was mainly based on the structure theorem of the finite abelian groups and the matrix associated with the global rule of the additive CA over the finite abelian p-groups.

NON-ACETAL INITIATORS FOR GROUP TRANSFER POLYMERIZATION

It is reported that a variety of trimethylsilyl enol ethers of ketones and aldehydes can be used to initiate GTP of methacrylates and acryl- ates.The new initiators are easy to prepare from ketones or aldehydes.PMMA and PMA with controlled molecular weight and low polydispersity were obtained by using non-acetal initiators in the presence of bibenzoate,bifluo ide or Hgl_2,The living nature of polymerization is shown by the correspondence of theoretical and observed molecular weight and the preparation of A-B-A type triblock copolymer with methacrylate and acrylate segments can be prepared.

Influence of Initial Chirp on Propagation of Super-Gaussian Pulse inside Fiber

Under the condition of combined effects of group--velocitydispersion and self- phase modulation, the step Fourier method isused to simulate the propagation of initial chirped super-Gaussianpulses inside fiber. The initial chirp influences the shapes of superGaussian pulses in propagation process, and positive and negativechirps have different effects. For the existing of initial chirp, thesplits of pulses and the spreading speed move ahead and increase.When the amplitude of super-Gaussian pulses increases by 1.4 times,in the range of │C│<1.5, pulses can keep good shapes along theirpropagation distance.

Students＇ Perception and Experiences of A Programme with Cultural and Adventure Initiatives Towards Group Cohesion

The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine the influence of selected cultural and adventure initiatives on the perception and experiences of group cohesion in a multicultural higher education institution. After a 3-day camp, rich qualitative data f^om students （n = 120） were gathered through focus group discussions and PowerPoint presentations. Using ATLAS.ti, four themes emerged： positive attitude and behaviour, maintaining group level, self-maintaining, and membership attraction and attachment. The findings revealed positive experiences among the participants. It is recommended that follow-up interventions should follow to ensure sustainability.

3种混交林造林初期土壤真菌群落结构特征

土壤微生物是参与陆地生态系统生物地球化学循环过程的重要成员。造林可以显著影响土壤微生物群落结构与功能,但造林初期驱动的土壤理化因子变化对土壤微生物结构与功能的影响尚不清楚。通过分析由珍稀乡土树种组成的三种新造混交林(BB:银杏Ginkgo biloba⁃桢楠Phoebe zhennan;CB:香椿Toona sinensis⁃红豆杉Taxus wallichiana⁃桢楠Phoebe zhennan;MB:鹅掌楸Liriodendron chinense⁃乐昌含笑Michelia chapensis⁃香椿Toona sinensis⁃玉兰Yulania denudata)表层(0—20 cm)土壤真菌群落组成、功能类群及其土壤理化因子,并以草灌化未造林地作对照(CK),研究土壤真菌群落结构和功能对不同林型造林初期的响应。结果表明:(1)不同林型土壤真菌群落丰富度、多样性指数高于CK,表现为MB>BB>CB>CK,主要受到土壤孔隙度、水解性氮的影响。(2)土壤真菌门水平优势类群在不同处理间无显著差异,其中子囊菌门占绝对优势,MB中的被孢霉门相对丰度显著高于CK(P<0.05)。与CK相比,球囊菌门与Leptodiscella相对丰度在各林型中均降低。(3)通过非度量多维尺度(NMDS)与置换多元方差(Adonis)分析表明,造林初期,造林土壤真菌群落结构与CK存在显著差异(P<0.01)。冗余分析(RDA)分析表明全钾、水解性氮、土壤容重及土壤碳氮比是影响真菌群落指示种的主要土壤理化因子;被孢霉门与水解性氮、碳氮比、全氮、非毛管孔隙度、含水率均呈正相关,与全钾呈负相关。(4)真菌群落主要以腐生营养型为主,病理营养型次之;造林后腐生营养型真菌相对丰度降低,而土壤腐生菌的相对丰度在BB与MB处理中反而显著增加(P<0.05);MB处理中动物病原菌的相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05);真菌优势功能类群主要受到土壤pH、土壤孔隙度、土壤碳氮比(C/N)、土壤有机质、全氮、全钾的影响。造林初期土壤真菌群落结构与功能类群发生了显著改变,阔阔混交林较针阔混交林变化更加明显,其中多种阔叶树混交林病原菌相对更高。

基于以太网的列车灵活编组技术实现及研究

灵活编组功能是配合铁道车辆灵活运用的网络技术,不仅响应复杂变化的运维条件,而且提高了轨道交通装备网络配置的效率。基于以太网的灵活编组技术通过IEC61375-2-5协议中的网络初运行、列车拓扑发现协议实现,对于解决列车网络系统的应用问题具有较高的参考价值。

无偿献血者ABO血型初定错误回顾性调查研究

目的分析采血前无偿献血者血型初定错误的原因,找出策略,降低初定血型错误的发生。方法对日照市中心血站2020—2022年82756份无偿献血者初定、复核ABO血型资料进行回顾性分析研究。结果2020—2022年合计采血82756份,初定血型错误的102份,占0.123%,2020年、2021年和2022年各年血型错误率分别为0.195%、0.134%、0.051%。初定血型错误的102份中,AB型误判为A型的占12.75%;B型、A型误判为O型的分别占8.82%、4.90%;A型误判为B型的占9.80%;B型误判为A型的占11.77%;O型误判为B型、A型、AB型的分别占7.84%、4.90%、3.92%;B型误判为AB型的占11.77%;A型误判为AB型的占8.82%;AB型误判为B和O型的分别占10.78%、3.92%。造成初定血型错误的原因,76.47%属于人为错误,其他属于检测试剂质量、标本存在不规则抗体和血型亚型等原因造成的错误。结论日照市2020—2022年无偿献血者采血前初检血型错误率较高,人为出错是导致血型误判的最主要原因。

河南汤阴方言古知庄章组声母的今读及演变

今天的汤阴方言中,古知庄章组声母与精组洪音声母合流,读为[■]或[■]。结合周边方言的共时考察,可以发现,汤阴方言知庄章组与精组洪音合一,是在知庄章组开合口归为一组并与精组对立的前提下演变而来的。通过梳理《中原音韵》《青郊杂著》《交泰韵》等韵书知庄章组声母的情况,大致确定知庄章组声母合一发生在明代。汤阴方言知庄章精(洪)组声母合一,可能是因为受到了周边合一型方言的影响。

“一带一路”视野下的藏族移民历史文化与地域方言的产生及演化探微

文章从国家“一带一路”建设的角度,论述了境内外藏语方言的形成、分布状况和地域特征。依据藏语方言材料和古文献史料,运用调查法、比较法和文献法等研究方法,探究了卫藏、康巴和安多三大方言与不同地域藏语西部方言(巴尔蒂话、拉达克话)和南部方言(夏尔巴话、宗卡话)之间的亲疏远近关系等,认为西部方言源自古阿里(象雄)土语,南部方言中的大部分土语由卫藏方言演化而来的,其夏尔巴话为康巴方言和卫藏方言混合而成。重点从藏语方言的深层结构进行比较,论证藏族部落的迁徙、族群互动以及青藏高原民族与周边民族文化的异同及其形成原因,进而断定藏语方言文化的分化与社会的分裂、族群的迁徙、地理的阻隔、民族的融合和语言的接触都有关系,其中移民是最重要的因素之一。移民或人口迁徙虽然造成了藏语方言的差异,但探究其结构上的同源性及其历史文化背景上的渊源关系以及方言层次和文化层次的比较,就不难看出各方言间的亲疏远近关系。通过语言和历史比较,分析藏语方言的演变规律和分布状况以及语言背后的历史文化特点。

A Modified Transitional Korteweg-De Vries Equation: Posed in the Quarter Plane

This paper is concerned with a modified transitional Korteweg-de Vries equation ut+f(t)u2ux+uxxx=0, (x,t)∈R+×R+with initial value u(x,0)=g(x)∈H4(R+)and inhomogeneous boundary value u(0,t)=Q(t)∈C2([ 0,∞ )). Under the conditions either 1) f(t)≤0, f′(t)≥0or 2) f(t)≤−αwhere α>0, we prove the existence of a unique global classical solution.

STUDIES ON THE INITIATION MECHANISM OF ORGANIC PEROXIDE AND N-METHACRYLOYLOXYETHYL-N-METHYL ANILINE IN METHYL METHACRYLATE POLYMERIZATION

The initiation mechanism of methyl methacrylate (MMA) polymerization by organic peroxide and polymerizable aromatic tertiary amine such as N-methacryloyloxyethyl-N-methyl aniline (MEMA) binary system has been studied. The kinetics of polymerization of MMA and the ESR spectra of organic peroxide/MEMA system were determined. Based on the ESR study and the end-group analysis by UV spectra of the polymer formed, the initiation mechanism is proposed.

GRAFT POLYMERIZATION OF ACRYLAMIDE ONTO HOMOPOLYMER OF 5-METHYL-5-HEXEN-2, 4-DIONE INITIATED BY CERIC ION

The homopolymerization of 5-methyl-5-hexen-2,4-dione (methacryloylacetone, MAA), a vinyl monomer having beta-diketone group, was carried out in the presence of benzophenone (BP)/N, N-dimenthyl-4-toluidine (DMT) system. Graft polymerization of acrylamide initiated by eerie ion onto the homopolymer film was investigated and the mechanism of the grafting reaction was proposed on the basis of ESR study. The grafted copolymer was characterized by means of grafting percentage, water absorption, XPS spectra and scanning electron photomicrographs.

VINYL RADICAL POLYMERIZATION INITIATED WITH CERIC ION AND N-(SUBSTITUTED PHENYL) ACETAMIDE SYSTEMS

The polymerization of acrylamide (AAM)in H_2O/DMF or in H_2O/CH_3CN mixed solvent initiated with ceric ion (Ce^(4+) )/N-(substituted phenyl)-acetamide systems have been studied. The redox polymerization was revealed by the low value of overall activation energy (E_α) of AAM polymerization using ceric ion/N-(substituted phenyl) acetamide system as an initiator. The end group of polymer formed was detected by IR spectrum analysis method, it revealed the presence of N-(m-acetoxy-methylphenyl) acetamide (m-AAe) moiety end group in the polymer obtained with ceric ion/m-AAe initiation system.

Occurrence of Conspecific in the Neighboring Space Influence on Flight Initiation Distance in Cape Hare <i>Lepus capensis</i>under Human Stimuli

Optimal escape theory predicts that animals would balance the costs and benefits of flight. One cost of not fleeing is the ongoing cost of vigilance for upcoming environmental threats. Our results show that FID increases for vigilant hares with predator starting distance, due to the costs acquired by continuing to scan for ecological dangers. The presence of conspecifics within proximity distance for social hare was reduced FID due to collective vigilance, while a solitary animal had greater FID, due to less cooperative defense for predator detection. In both seasons, detection and flight initiation distance of the focal hare increased in open habitat due to a higher probability of detection for upcoming danger, while dense cover provided concealment but reduced the probability of detecting an incoming threat, reducing FID. Moreover, proximity to roads and the nearest refuge significantly influenced anti-predator risk by compensation energy to cope with approaching stimuli. In a landscape with heavy human hunting in retaliation to plantations damage has modified the natural behavior of the hare in the Shigar valley. The findings are discussed in the context of hare FID by humans and the suggestions for management and mitigation of human-wildlife conflict are also considered.

RESEARCH ON GROUPING STRATEGY OF SIP-BASED STREAMING MEDIA P2P LIVE BROADCAST NETWORK

The rapid development of Internet has led to the explosion of information sharing, and how to supervise the sharing is a main research topic on current Internet. Aiming at the disadvantage that the current Peer-to-Peer (P2P) is hard to manage and control, this paper presents a Session Initial Protocol (SIP)-based P2P network of three-level architecture. SIP middleware is introduced to the middle level of the three-layer architecture. By the connection function of the SIP signaling, the P2P transmission on media-level can be controlled. Using SIP’s register and authentication function, the manage layer can manage the whole P2P network. Based on the aforementioned architecture, this paper investigates the grouping strategy on a live broadcast application in P2P network. Combined with the function of SIP register, the paper works on several grouping strategies, sets up models to manage users by grouping them, presents a weight-based K-means IP address grouping algorithm, and realizes it. The experiment shows that the grouping strategy presented in this paper can solve the problem of group sharing of network resource, and can realize the efficient-sharing, reasonable-distributing of network resource.

疫情防控背景下高校线上教学问题与对策研究

新冠疫情暴发以来,各高校大面积开展线上教学课程。在线课程保证了高校教学工作有序进行。文章针对高校在线课程中存在的不足进行分析,提出在线上授课中与时俱进,成立专门的网络保障和教学督导小组,指导教师和学生线上课程操作,设计发挥学生主动性的教学内容,并引入多样化考核方式等多种策略,提高在线课程质量。

调剖井组初选定量评价方法

为了解决多套井组划分和调剖井组初选的问题,根据油水井的平面井点坐标,以所选调剖水井与其他水井之间的最小直线距离划分调剖井组,定义了井数因子、井距因子和夹角因子三个参数,根据三者乘积定义了调剖井组的均匀度,形成了调剖井组初选的定量评价方法。研究认为:调剖井组均匀度取值为0~1,此值越大,油井相对于中心调剖水井的分布越均匀,更能保证调剖后各油井受效均匀;均匀度值为1的调剖井组将作为后续进一步筛选的候选井组。该方法能快速识别和划分多套调剖井组,评价调剖井组油井的分布均匀程度,为后续进一步筛选调剖井组提供资料基础。

基于SE(3)-EKF的旋翼无人机GNSS/SINS空中快速对准方法

针对旋翼无人机GNSS/SINS组合导航系统采用传统对准方法难以在大失准角下实现空中快速对准的问题,提出了一种基于SE(3)-EKF的旋翼无人机GNSS/SINS空中快速对准方法。将姿态和速度状态误差量构造为李群元素,并考虑陀螺仪和加速度计零偏误差,构建了群-矢量混合误差模型,推导了基于SE(3)-EKF的GNSS速度量测方程。实验结果表明:当失准角为[3°, 4°, 95°]时,所提方法在200 s内实现了约为0.1°的水平姿态对准精度,较传统的扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)、无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)分别提高了50%以上和20%以上;航向角误差约为0.4°,相较于EKF、UKF分别降低了45%以上和43%以上。当失准角为[20°, 20°, 175°]时,EKF和UKF已无法收敛,而所提方法水平姿态误差可收敛到约0.1°,方位误差可收敛到约0.5°,验证了所提方法适用于不同场景下的初始失准角,具备一定的工程应用价值。

疾病诊断相关分组与人工智能背景下急诊患者的营养诊断

营养风险或营养不良在急诊患者中普遍存在,可导致病死风险上升并造成疾病负担加重。但迄今为止,在急诊领域中,对营养风险的关注度明显低于其他专科。2016年多个国际性营养组织提出了全球领导人营养不良倡议(Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition,GLIM)。GLIM自提出以来,发展迅速,已成为进行营养诊断的主要方法学工具。与此同时,疾病诊断相关分组(diagnosis related groups,DRGs)在中国已经快速普及,并成为新一轮医改的重要内容。在DRGs背景下,营养不良的诊断和干预对患者具有重要的临床和经济学意义。本文将基于GLIM标准结合DRGs的时代背景,从急诊患者的营养风险筛查、营养不良诊断、临床经济学效益以及急诊患者营养评估的未来发展方向等多方面的应用与研究进展进行评述,以期为广大急诊医务人员更好的理解急诊患者的营养评估提供借鉴。

临河方言[ts]组声母研究

临河方言[ts]组声母古音来源除了精组以外,知组、庄组、章组声母存在不同程度的异读(自由变读和条件变读)情况。以临河方言音系为切入点,依据《方言调查字表》的古音系统及研究的具体需要,分别对精组、知二庄二组、知三庄三章组异读情况进行讨论,从而解释临河方言中[]组字声母产生变读的原因,确定临河方言中知庄章组声母演变类型,对认识临河方言知庄章组演变类型研究在整个阴山地区晋语研究中的地位有着重大意义。