Objective:To observe the effects of Danggui Shaoyao powder(DSP)on hepatic lipid metabolism and further explore its mechanism of action by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPARγ)-liver X receptor(LXRα)-aden...Objective:To observe the effects of Danggui Shaoyao powder(DSP)on hepatic lipid metabolism and further explore its mechanism of action by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPARγ)-liver X receptor(LXRα)-adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1)pathway regulation.Methods: Eight C57BL/6J male mice were selected as the control group,and 24 ApoE^(−/−)male mice were randomly divided into the atherosclerosis model(AS)group,atorvastatin calcium(AC)group,and DSP group(n=8 each group).To establish an AS model,ApoE^(−/−)mice were fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks.Pathologic changes in the aortic vasculature and liver were identified using Oil Red O staining.Triglyceride(TG),cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels were determined in the livers using a single-reagent GPO-PAP method.Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to observe and evaluate the mRNA and protein expression of the PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 intermediates in the liver.Results: After 16 weeks of a high-fat diet,ApoE^(−/−)mice showed more Oil Red O staining in the aorta and liver compared to the CONT group.Compared to the AS group,the DSP and AC treatment reduced aortic plaque and hepatic lipid deposition to varying degrees.Furthermore,DSP significantly reduced the hepatic lipid area in ApoE^(−/−)mice(P<.001)and decreased the levels of TG,TC,and LDL-C in liver(P<.001,P=.027,P<.001,respectively).DSP also significantly increased the levels of PPARγ,LXRα,ABCA1,and ABCG1 mRNA expression,as well as the PPARγ,LXRα,ABCA1,and ABCG1 protein expression in liver.Conclusion: DSP improved hepatic lipid metabolism via PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 pathway modulation for AS treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Respiratory viruses are increasingly detected in children with communityacquired pneumonia.Further strategies to limit antibiotic use in children with viral pneumonia are warranted.AIM To explore clinical e...BACKGROUND Respiratory viruses are increasingly detected in children with communityacquired pneumonia.Further strategies to limit antibiotic use in children with viral pneumonia are warranted.AIM To explore clinical efficacy of budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder for viral pneumonia in children and its impact on cellular immunity and inflammatory factor production.METHODS A total of 60 children with viral pneumonia were recruited:30 receiving budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder and 30 conventional symptomatic treatment.Outcome measures included peripheral blood levels of inflammatory cytokines,CD4^(+),CD8^(+),Th1,Th2,Th17 and Treg,clinical efficacy,and incidence of adverse reactions.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the observation group showed a significant reduction in interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels after treatment.Compared with the control group,the observation group showed a significant increase in CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)and Th1/Th2 levels,and a decrease in Th17/Treg levels after treatment.The total effective rates in the observation group and the control group were 93.75%and 85.00%,respectively,which was a significant difference(P=0.003).CONCLUSION Budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder significantly improved therapeutic efficacy for viral pneumonia in children.The mechanism of action may be related to downregulation of the inflammatory response and improved cellular immune function.展开更多
The single-phase Ba(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3(BMN) powder was successfully prepared by the KCl molten salt synthesis(MSS) method.The temperature for single-phase BMN powders by MSS was about 400℃ lower than that by the so...The single-phase Ba(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3(BMN) powder was successfully prepared by the KCl molten salt synthesis(MSS) method.The temperature for single-phase BMN powders by MSS was about 400℃ lower than that by the solid-phase method.The average particle size(APS) was about 0.91μm at 900℃ and increased with increasing synthesis temperature.Based on the APS,the activation energy for particle growth in the MSS,whose value was 64.1kJmol^(-1),was attained.The sinterability of the powder prepared by MSS method was better than that prepared by solid-phase method.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of Hupo powder(HP)on autophagy in menstrual blood-derived stem cells(MenSCs)with endometriosis(EMT).Methods:EMT MenSCs(E-MenSCs)and healthy MenSCs(H-MenSCs)were isolated from the menstr...Objective:To explore the effect of Hupo powder(HP)on autophagy in menstrual blood-derived stem cells(MenSCs)with endometriosis(EMT).Methods:EMT MenSCs(E-MenSCs)and healthy MenSCs(H-MenSCs)were isolated from the menstrual blood of patients with EMT and healthy female participants,respectively.We identified their stem cells’characteristics via adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.Twelve male SpragueeDawley rats received 0.9% NaCl and HP-dispensing granules by gastric irrigation to prepare blank serum and medicated serum,respectively.We used serum concentrations of 5%,10%,and 20%,each at administered times of 12,24,and 48 h to select the best condition.These cells were divided into three groups:blank serum of the control group,blank serum of the model group,and medicated serum of the HP group.H-MenSCs were used in the control group,while E-MenSCs were used in the model and HP groups.We analyzed cell viability using a cell counting kit-8 assay,observed cell morphology,evaluated the amounts of auto-phagosomes and autolysosomes by transmission electron microscopy,and detected the protein expression of autophagy markers(LC3-II and Beclin1)by Western blot.Results:E-MenSCs and H-MenSCs became long fusiform with a diffuse radial pattern,forming lipid droplets and calcium nodules after adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.We then used the best conditiond 20% serum and 48 hdfor the subsequent experiments.In contrast to the model group,the HP group exhibited lower cell viability(=0.007),larger amounts of autophagosomes and autolysosomes(P<0.001 and P=0.001,respectively),and higher expression of LC3-II and Beclin1(P=0.021 and P=0.019,respectively).Conclusion:Hupo powder can promote autophagy in E-MenSCs,which might be one of the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects.展开更多
OBJECTIVE The Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Armillariella Mellea Powders Oral(Yinxingmihuan Koufu Rongye,YXMH),a representative drug for"Treating both Brain and Heart",showed considerable clinical effects in isch⁃...OBJECTIVE The Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Armillariella Mellea Powders Oral(Yinxingmihuan Koufu Rongye,YXMH),a representative drug for"Treating both Brain and Heart",showed considerable clinical effects in isch⁃emic cardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases.Recently,it is reported that YXMH has the potential for treating myocardial and cerebral ischemia related mental disorders,such as post stroke depression(PSD)and chronic heart disease(CHD)associated anxiety disorder.However,its mechanism has not been clearly elucidated.Meanwhile,increasing evidence revealed that there are close functional links between depression and habenular nucleus.The present study investigates the underlying mechanism of YXMH on attenuating the inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in in a rat model of PSD.METHODS Rats were randomly devided into sham group,model group,Ginaton group(18 mg·kg^-1),Armillariella Mellea group(600 mg·kg-1),Fluoxetine group(10 mg·kg^-1),YXMH high-dose group(618 mg·kg^-1)and YXMH low-dose group(309 mg·kg^-1).The PSD model was induced by transarterial microembolization combined with sleep deprivation(2-Chloro-D-phenylalanine,PCPA,IH,200 mg·kg^-1,for 3 times,before the behavior test)in SD male rats.Then rats were treated with corresponding medicaments through gavage once a day until 3 weeks later,followed by body mass measurement,neurological deficit score evaluation,gripping strength and thermal withdrawl latency measurement,as well as depression related behavioral indicators,the open field test(OFT)and sucrose preference test.The pathological morphological changes of habenular nucleus was observed by HE staining,the expression of IBA-1 was measured and analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining,and alterations of proteins and genes related to the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis were analyzed using Western blotting(CX3CL1,CX3CR1)and real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)(CX3CL1,CX3CR1).RESULTS Compared with the sham group,rats in the model group manifested as decreased body mass,deficient neurological behavior and gripping strength,reduced loco⁃motor activity and sugar water consumption,as well as elevated thermal withdrawl latency(P<0.05,P<0.01).Mean⁃while,the pathological morphology of the habenular nucleus on the ischemic hemisphere showed significant neuronal degeneration,microglial proliferation,inflammatory cells and glia cells infiltration,together with up-regualted expression of IBA-1,CX3CL1,CX3CR1 protein and CX3CL1,CX3CR1 mRNA.YXMH attenuated inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through improving pathological morphology,inhibiting IBA-1 activation,down-regulating the expres⁃sion of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 proteins and genes,and thus improved the behavior performance of ischemic injury and depression.CONCLUSION YXMH ameliorates neurological deficit and depressive behavior in rat model of PSD induced by transarterial microembolization combined with sleep deprivation,and the mechanism is probably related to attenu⁃ating inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis.展开更多
A high performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of four fat soluble vitamins: retinol (vitamin A), cholecalciferol(vitamin D), tocopherol(vitamin E) and phylloquinone(vitamin K_1) i...A high performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of four fat soluble vitamins: retinol (vitamin A), cholecalciferol(vitamin D), tocopherol(vitamin E) and phylloquinone(vitamin K_1) in fortified milk powders and egg yolk has been developed. The method requires enzymatic hydrolysis of lipid component of the sample as a pretreatment. Several factors which influence the enzymatic hydrolysis were studied-Separation was achieved using μ-Bondapak C-18 column(3.9×300mm), 98% methanol as mobile phase, a double channel detection was selected; vitamins D_3 E_1 K_1 were detected by UV spectrophotometry (265 nm) first, then vitamin A by fluorometry (EX 325nm, EM 480mm). The retention times of vitamin A_1 D_3, E and K_1 4.87, 9.00, 10.58 and 15.45 min respectively. Detection limit were 0.64, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.07 ng; and the recoveries were 90.5%～103.6% 90.0%～95.6%, 91.7%～98.8%, 91.5%～98.6%, respectively. The vitamins A, D_0, E, K_1 contents in foods were determined satisfactorily.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82074325).
文摘Objective:To observe the effects of Danggui Shaoyao powder(DSP)on hepatic lipid metabolism and further explore its mechanism of action by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPARγ)-liver X receptor(LXRα)-adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1)pathway regulation.Methods: Eight C57BL/6J male mice were selected as the control group,and 24 ApoE^(−/−)male mice were randomly divided into the atherosclerosis model(AS)group,atorvastatin calcium(AC)group,and DSP group(n=8 each group).To establish an AS model,ApoE^(−/−)mice were fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks.Pathologic changes in the aortic vasculature and liver were identified using Oil Red O staining.Triglyceride(TG),cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels were determined in the livers using a single-reagent GPO-PAP method.Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to observe and evaluate the mRNA and protein expression of the PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 intermediates in the liver.Results: After 16 weeks of a high-fat diet,ApoE^(−/−)mice showed more Oil Red O staining in the aorta and liver compared to the CONT group.Compared to the AS group,the DSP and AC treatment reduced aortic plaque and hepatic lipid deposition to varying degrees.Furthermore,DSP significantly reduced the hepatic lipid area in ApoE^(−/−)mice(P<.001)and decreased the levels of TG,TC,and LDL-C in liver(P<.001,P=.027,P<.001,respectively).DSP also significantly increased the levels of PPARγ,LXRα,ABCA1,and ABCG1 mRNA expression,as well as the PPARγ,LXRα,ABCA1,and ABCG1 protein expression in liver.Conclusion: DSP improved hepatic lipid metabolism via PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 pathway modulation for AS treatment.
基金the Wenzhou Basic Medical and Health Science and Technology Project,No.Y20210307.
文摘BACKGROUND Respiratory viruses are increasingly detected in children with communityacquired pneumonia.Further strategies to limit antibiotic use in children with viral pneumonia are warranted.AIM To explore clinical efficacy of budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder for viral pneumonia in children and its impact on cellular immunity and inflammatory factor production.METHODS A total of 60 children with viral pneumonia were recruited:30 receiving budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder and 30 conventional symptomatic treatment.Outcome measures included peripheral blood levels of inflammatory cytokines,CD4^(+),CD8^(+),Th1,Th2,Th17 and Treg,clinical efficacy,and incidence of adverse reactions.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the observation group showed a significant reduction in interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels after treatment.Compared with the control group,the observation group showed a significant increase in CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)and Th1/Th2 levels,and a decrease in Th17/Treg levels after treatment.The total effective rates in the observation group and the control group were 93.75%and 85.00%,respectively,which was a significant difference(P=0.003).CONCLUSION Budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder significantly improved therapeutic efficacy for viral pneumonia in children.The mechanism of action may be related to downregulation of the inflammatory response and improved cellular immune function.
基金FinanciallysupportedbytheMinistryofEducationofChi na .
文摘The single-phase Ba(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3(BMN) powder was successfully prepared by the KCl molten salt synthesis(MSS) method.The temperature for single-phase BMN powders by MSS was about 400℃ lower than that by the solid-phase method.The average particle size(APS) was about 0.91μm at 900℃ and increased with increasing synthesis temperature.Based on the APS,the activation energy for particle growth in the MSS,whose value was 64.1kJmol^(-1),was attained.The sinterability of the powder prepared by MSS method was better than that prepared by solid-phase method.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81973895)the Key Research Projects of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(2020-JYB-ZDGG-143-3).
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of Hupo powder(HP)on autophagy in menstrual blood-derived stem cells(MenSCs)with endometriosis(EMT).Methods:EMT MenSCs(E-MenSCs)and healthy MenSCs(H-MenSCs)were isolated from the menstrual blood of patients with EMT and healthy female participants,respectively.We identified their stem cells’characteristics via adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.Twelve male SpragueeDawley rats received 0.9% NaCl and HP-dispensing granules by gastric irrigation to prepare blank serum and medicated serum,respectively.We used serum concentrations of 5%,10%,and 20%,each at administered times of 12,24,and 48 h to select the best condition.These cells were divided into three groups:blank serum of the control group,blank serum of the model group,and medicated serum of the HP group.H-MenSCs were used in the control group,while E-MenSCs were used in the model and HP groups.We analyzed cell viability using a cell counting kit-8 assay,observed cell morphology,evaluated the amounts of auto-phagosomes and autolysosomes by transmission electron microscopy,and detected the protein expression of autophagy markers(LC3-II and Beclin1)by Western blot.Results:E-MenSCs and H-MenSCs became long fusiform with a diffuse radial pattern,forming lipid droplets and calcium nodules after adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.We then used the best conditiond 20% serum and 48 hdfor the subsequent experiments.In contrast to the model group,the HP group exhibited lower cell viability(=0.007),larger amounts of autophagosomes and autolysosomes(P<0.001 and P=0.001,respectively),and higher expression of LC3-II and Beclin1(P=0.021 and P=0.019,respectively).Conclusion:Hupo powder can promote autophagy in E-MenSCs,which might be one of the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(8187304081403141)
文摘OBJECTIVE The Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Armillariella Mellea Powders Oral(Yinxingmihuan Koufu Rongye,YXMH),a representative drug for"Treating both Brain and Heart",showed considerable clinical effects in isch⁃emic cardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases.Recently,it is reported that YXMH has the potential for treating myocardial and cerebral ischemia related mental disorders,such as post stroke depression(PSD)and chronic heart disease(CHD)associated anxiety disorder.However,its mechanism has not been clearly elucidated.Meanwhile,increasing evidence revealed that there are close functional links between depression and habenular nucleus.The present study investigates the underlying mechanism of YXMH on attenuating the inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in in a rat model of PSD.METHODS Rats were randomly devided into sham group,model group,Ginaton group(18 mg·kg^-1),Armillariella Mellea group(600 mg·kg-1),Fluoxetine group(10 mg·kg^-1),YXMH high-dose group(618 mg·kg^-1)and YXMH low-dose group(309 mg·kg^-1).The PSD model was induced by transarterial microembolization combined with sleep deprivation(2-Chloro-D-phenylalanine,PCPA,IH,200 mg·kg^-1,for 3 times,before the behavior test)in SD male rats.Then rats were treated with corresponding medicaments through gavage once a day until 3 weeks later,followed by body mass measurement,neurological deficit score evaluation,gripping strength and thermal withdrawl latency measurement,as well as depression related behavioral indicators,the open field test(OFT)and sucrose preference test.The pathological morphological changes of habenular nucleus was observed by HE staining,the expression of IBA-1 was measured and analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining,and alterations of proteins and genes related to the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis were analyzed using Western blotting(CX3CL1,CX3CR1)and real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)(CX3CL1,CX3CR1).RESULTS Compared with the sham group,rats in the model group manifested as decreased body mass,deficient neurological behavior and gripping strength,reduced loco⁃motor activity and sugar water consumption,as well as elevated thermal withdrawl latency(P<0.05,P<0.01).Mean⁃while,the pathological morphology of the habenular nucleus on the ischemic hemisphere showed significant neuronal degeneration,microglial proliferation,inflammatory cells and glia cells infiltration,together with up-regualted expression of IBA-1,CX3CL1,CX3CR1 protein and CX3CL1,CX3CR1 mRNA.YXMH attenuated inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through improving pathological morphology,inhibiting IBA-1 activation,down-regulating the expres⁃sion of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 proteins and genes,and thus improved the behavior performance of ischemic injury and depression.CONCLUSION YXMH ameliorates neurological deficit and depressive behavior in rat model of PSD induced by transarterial microembolization combined with sleep deprivation,and the mechanism is probably related to attenu⁃ating inflammation of microglia in habenular nucleus through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis.
文摘A high performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of four fat soluble vitamins: retinol (vitamin A), cholecalciferol(vitamin D), tocopherol(vitamin E) and phylloquinone(vitamin K_1) in fortified milk powders and egg yolk has been developed. The method requires enzymatic hydrolysis of lipid component of the sample as a pretreatment. Several factors which influence the enzymatic hydrolysis were studied-Separation was achieved using μ-Bondapak C-18 column(3.9×300mm), 98% methanol as mobile phase, a double channel detection was selected; vitamins D_3 E_1 K_1 were detected by UV spectrophotometry (265 nm) first, then vitamin A by fluorometry (EX 325nm, EM 480mm). The retention times of vitamin A_1 D_3, E and K_1 4.87, 9.00, 10.58 and 15.45 min respectively. Detection limit were 0.64, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.07 ng; and the recoveries were 90.5%～103.6% 90.0%～95.6%, 91.7%～98.8%, 91.5%～98.6%, respectively. The vitamins A, D_0, E, K_1 contents in foods were determined satisfactorily.
