Empirical Analysis of City Contact in Zhujiang(Pearl) River Delta, China

In traditional urban geography, city contact research is a classic study element in city research. In general, researchers use the traditional gravity model to characterize the contacts that exist between two cities. The traditional gravity model assumes ideal conditions, but these preconditions and their results often do not exist in realistic conditions. Thus, we used a modified gravity model to characterize the city contacts within a specific region. This model considers factors such as intercity complementarities, government intervention, and the diversity of the transportation infrastructure which is characterized as the transportation distance instead of the traditional Euclidean distance. We applied this model to an empirical study of city contact in the Zhujiang(Pearl) River Delta(PRD) of China. The regression results indicated that the modified gravity model could measure city contact more accurately and comprehensively than the traditional gravity model, i.e., it yielded a higher adjusted R2 value(0.379) than the traditional gravity model result(0.259). Our study also suggests that, in addition to urban-regional and metropolitan development, the complementarities of the basic functions of cities at the administrative and market levels, as well as the corporeal and immaterial levels, play very significant roles in the characterization of city contact. Given the complexity of city contact, it will be necessary to consider more relevant influential factors in the modified gravity model to characterize the features of city contact in the future.

Projection of the Zhujiang(Pearl) River Delta's potential submerged area due to sea level rise during the 21st century based on CMIP5 simulations

Projections of potential submerged area due to sea level rise are helpful for improving understanding of the influence of ongoing global warming on coastal areas. The Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition method is used to adaptively decompose the sea level time series in order to extract the secular trend component. Then the linear relationship between the global mean sea level （GMSL） change and the Zhujiang （Pearl） River Delta （PRD） sea level change is calculated： an increase of 1.0 m in the GMSL corresponds to a 1.3 m （uncertainty interval from 1.25 to 1.46 m） increase in the PRD. Based on this relationship and the GMSL rise projected by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 under three greenhouse gas emission scenarios （representative concentration pathways, or RCPs, from low to high emission scenarios RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5）, the PRD sea level is calculated and projected for the period 2006-2100. By around the year 2050, the PRD sea level will rise 0.29 （0.21 to 0.40） m under RCP2.6, 0.31 （0.22 to 0.42） m under RCP4.5, and 0.34 （0.25 to 0.46） m under RCP8.5, respectively. By 2100, it will rise 0.59 （0.36 to 0.88） m, 0.71 （0.47 to 1.02） m, and 1.0 （0.68 to 1.41） m, respectively. In addition, considering the extreme value of relative sea level due to land subsidence （i.e., 0.20 m） and that obtained from intermonthly variability （i.e., 0.33 m）, the PRD sea level will rise 1.94 m by the year 2100 under the RCP8.5 scenario with the upper uncertainty level （i.e., 1.41 m）. Accordingly, the potential submerged area is 8.57x103 km2 for the PRD, about 1.3 times its present area.

Relationship Between Producer Services Developing Level and Urban Hierarchy——A Case Study of Zhujiang River Delta

As the Central Place Theory indicates, the centricity of a central city can influence the extension of its ser- vice. Since the service industry in the theory is mostly consumer services, it is worth studying the relationship between the producer services and the centricity of the city in the service society with producer services becoming a more im- portant part of the service industry. The paper takes the case of the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Delta (PRD), a developed region in China, to study the relationship between the developing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy. Based on the analysis about the spatial difference of the producer services in the nine cities of the PRD, and the divi- sion of the nine cities according to some economic indices, it is shown that there is a correlation between the develop- ing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy. Furthermore, two deductions about the future status of the pro- ducer services in the city and the location of the producer services in a large region can be made from this correlation between the developing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy.

Spatial Structure and Land Use Control in Extended Metropolitan Region of Zhujiang River Delta,China

The Zhujiang (Pearl) River Delta is one of the most developed Extended Metropolitan Regions (EMR) in China.With the rapid urbanization,the agglomeration of population and industries has emerged,which has led to dramatic changes of spatial structure and land use in this region.With data of high resolution TM remote sensing images and Google Earth maps,this paper identified and analyzed the spatial pattern of the Zhujiang River Delta EMR using Envy and ArcGIS tools.It was found that 1) the industrial land uses were expanding substantially,particularly on the bank sides of the Zhujiang River estuary;2) large-scale housing developments were concentrated in the fringe of metropolitan areas such as those of Guangzhou and Shenzhen;3) a regional transportation network with the spatial pattern of ″1 circle +2 pieces + 3 axes″ had significantly affected the location choice of manufacture enterprises.At the same time,both highly specialized land use and severely mixed land use patterns were identified.As a consequence of the latter,land use efficiency of the whole EMR areas was reduced.Moreover,ecologic and environmental problems were severe.Based on the above analysis,suggestions were given from the viewpoint of spatial safety,land use efficiency,and the reorganization of spatial structure in the Zhujiang River Delta EMR.

Daily Changes of Spatial Patterns of Meteorological Elements over Pearl River Delta Based on GIS and MM5

The spatial distribution of meteorological elements is important for understanding the regional meteorology and climate changes. However, previous studies rarely focused on the daily changes of the spatial patterns of meteorological elements due to the limitation of remote sensing （RS） techniques and traditional meteorological methods. In this paper, the regional meteorological elements were simulated by the fifth-generation non-hydrostatic Mesoscale Model （MM5）, and the spatial patterns of meteorological elements and their diurnal variations were analyzed in landscape level over the Pearl （Zhujiang） River Delta （PRD）, China. The results showed that there were several centers of urban heat islands, cold islands, dry islands, wet islands, high wind over the PRD at noon. The diurnal changes of Moran I of meteorological elements were obvious and they reached the extremum at noon and 2-3 hours after the sunrise. The landscape indices of meteorological elements, such as area-weighted mean Fractal Dimension Index （FRAC_AM）, Landscape Shape lndex （LSI）, Shannon＇s Diversity Index （SHDI） and Contagion lndex （CONTAG）, were more variable at about the sunrise, noon and sunset. The occurrence of wave crests and vales of landscape indices was affected by the surface net radiation, turbulence and local circumfluence. The spatial patterns of meteorological elements correlated well with the land surface, thermal exchanges and local circumfluence. A new approach combining GIS, RS and numerical simulations technologies and the landscape ecology method was presented to analyze spatial patterns of meteorological elements, which may be useful for studying global and regional climate changes.

珠江口盆地中北部中新统珠江组浪控三角洲沉积时空演化模拟

基于沉积背景、高分辨率层序地层格架及沉积微相展布分析,应用沉积正演模拟方法,综合利用地震、测井、岩心等资料,开展沉积作用和沉积过程的三维时空演化模拟,定量恢复了珠江口盆地中北部中新统珠江组浪控三角洲沉积演化过程,探讨了沉积环境与波浪参数对砂体展布的影响。结果表明:(1)研究区珠江组沉积期的沉积微相随基准面的变化呈规律性演化,滨线呈现先向陆迁移、再向海迁移的趋势。(2)珠江组沉积期的波浪作用较强,波浪角度为近南东方向,波浪作用对三角洲砂体展布具有明显影响。随着波浪高度增加,波浪阻碍三角洲河口细粒沉积物堆积的作用增大,并将其搬运至深水区,泥质沉积物趋向沉积于波基面以下区域,波基面以上区域砂质碎屑含量较高。波浪作用入射角度发生倾斜,会导致三角洲在演化过程中产生不对称的沉积和形态。(3)有利储层砂体主要发育于滨岸线附近。沉积正演模拟为定量恢复沉积演化过程提供更为直观的方法,且在确定浪控三角洲潜在形态方面具有预测作用。

分维模型在土地利用研究中的应用

以美国LANDSAT/TM遥感数据为信息源,采用分维分析的方法,对珠江三角洲土地利用结构和土地利用变化趋势进行研究。探讨了土地利用类型对空间占据程度、稳定性、变化趋势同分维数之间的关系。结果表明:分维数越高,该土地利用类型对空间的占据程度越大,稳定性越差;反之,则该土地利用类型对空间的占据程度越小,稳定性越强。分维数的变化反映土地利用类型的变化趋势:分维数增大,该土地类型越不稳定,则该土地利用类型扩张,相反,则该土地利用类型缩小。通过具体案例分析,表明分维数及其变化成为土地利用类型结构相关研究的有用指标。

空间集聚与外商直接投资的区位选择——基于珠江三角洲地区的实证分析

在揭示改革开放以来外商直接投资在珠江三角洲空间分布呈现向珠江三角洲集聚的基础上，采用动态局部调整模型对1992—2003年外商直接投资在珠江三角洲9个地级城市中的区位选择影响因素进行了实证分析，结果表明外商直接投资在广东省的区位选择，除受到城市区位特性因素的影响外，更为主要的影响因素是外商直接投资的集聚效应，即与城市已有的外商直接投资数量呈正相关，存在外商直接投资的空间集聚效应，进一步的提出了通过产业集群培育和升级促进珠江三角洲城市外商直接投资持续集聚的策略。

珠江三角洲地区降水中δ^(18)O的变化特征及与ENSO的关系

根据2004年5月至2005年6月广州降水中δ18O与IAEA/WMO提供的1961~2001年香港降水中δ18O及相关气象资料,分析了珠江三角洲地区降水中δ18O在不同时间尺度下的变化特征及与ENSO事件的关系。在天气尺度和季节尺度下,该地区降水中δ18O与温度、降水量均存在显著的负相关关系;在年际变化上,该地区降水中1δ8O与温度、降水量的关系较为复杂。珠江三角洲地区年平均降水中1δ8O与N ino3区SST和南方涛动指数具有显著的相关性,表明ENSO事件对该地区降水中稳定同位素的变化具有重要影响。

珠江三角洲产业结构转型与空间结构调整的战略思考

国家和地区经济在持续高速增长一定时期后,只有及时进行产业结构升级和空间结构调整,才能提升竞争力,实现发展的跨越,这已被许多国家和地区的发展历程所验证。结合中科院牵头完成的《广东省国土规划》工作,针对当前国际金融危机对珠江三角洲产生的影响,本文分析了该地区发展现状及其传统发展方式的负面效应,阐述了产业结构、空间结构优化升级的必然性以及企业生命周期的客观性,并进一步探讨了珠江三角洲打造具有国际竞争力城市区域的战略途径。

珠江三角洲咸潮活动的空间差异性分析

在珠江三角洲各口门水道的多年月平均含氯度及逐时同步观测资料的基础上,采用聚类分析方法,对珠江三角洲各口门水道咸潮活动的空间差异性进分析。结果表明,珠江三角洲不同位置的咸潮活动可分为两大类型:一为潮优型,主要指虎门水道,一为径控型,包括崖门水道、蕉门水道等多个水道。两种不同类型的水道其含氯度随时间变化的规律不同,主控动力不同,盐淡水混合类型也不相同,潮优型水道的盐淡水混合类型一般为垂向均匀混合型和部分混合型,而径控型水道的盐淡水混合类型一般为高度分层型及部分混合型。

黄河长江珠江三角洲近30年海平面上升趋势及2030年上升量预测

黄河、长江和珠江三角洲由于地面沉降等原因,过去30年的相对海平面上升率远大于全球或全国海平面上升率（约1.5mm/a）。下一世纪,根据IPCC的最佳估计,至2030年全球海平面将上升18cm。我国三大三角洲,根据目前地面沉降情况、发展趋势及政府的控制措施,估计2030年相对海平面上升量老黄河三角洲（天津地区）为60cm,现代黄河三角洲（山东省东营市地区）为30—35cm,长江三角洲（上海地区）为30—40cm,珠江三角洲20—25cm,以上估计数可供沿海有关决策部门制订今后长远发展规划及拟订政策时的参考。

32～10.5 Ma古韩江三角洲沉积演化与控制因素

近年来,古韩江三角洲已成为我国南海油气勘探的热点,对其开展沉积演化分析有助于评价珠江口盆地油气资源潜力,预测有利勘探区块。依据岩心、测井、钻井和地震资料,分析陆丰—韩江凹陷区32~10.5Ma沉积相类型和古韩江三角洲演化。韩江—陆丰凹陷古韩江三角洲相可划分为三角洲平原、前缘和前三角洲亚相。古韩江三角洲演化分为3个阶段:第一阶段,渐新统珠海组至中新统珠江组沉积期,古韩江三角洲沉积物粒度粗,三角洲延伸远,主要分布在陆丰凹陷;第二阶段,中新统韩江组下段沉积期,随着海平面上升,古韩江三角洲逐渐向物源区退缩,陆丰和韩江地区以碳酸盐岩台地相和浅海陆棚相为主,海平面在韩江组下段沉积时期达到最大,古韩江三角洲面积达到最小;第三阶段,韩江组上段沉积期,随着海平面下降,古韩江三角洲又开始向盆地推进。

珠江三角洲住区环境色彩设计探讨

在珠江三角洲地区城市建设中,居住区环境色彩不仅成为装饰与美化城市最有效的方法之一,而且还显著地影响人们对于城市空间和形象的感知,并体现城市的风格与特色。因此,对住区色彩景观进行合理有效的规划研究具有重要的意义。基于城市色彩景观规划的必要性和可行性的阐述,提出住区色彩景观设计的主要原则和方法,以促进城市环境建设。

广州七星岗古海岸遗迹的发现及其科学意义

文章论述吴尚时1937年发现并报道的广州东南郊七星岗海岸侵蚀地形及其附近松岗海积沙堤地形,论证吴尚时是珠江河口三角洲地区古海岸地形的首先发现者以及该古海岸地形形成于全新世中期全球海平面上升珠江河口发生桂州海进8―2 ka BP时段。指出七星岗古海岸地形的发现具有重要科学意义,表明中国学者的科研能力媲美同时代的洋学者,这一发现支撑了珠江三角洲的存在,同时为中国古籍对珠江河口湾演变的记述提供了实物证据,数十年来它在高等专业教学实习、科学研究、大众科学知识普及、社会文化教育中发挥了重要的作用,让多代地质、地理、海洋人才从中受益,并对珠江河口三角洲的整治与开发作出了很大的贡献。广州市政府1956年将七星岗古海岸遗址列为广州市重点文物,1983年广东省地理学会决定在该处建立纪念碑,近年建造七星岗古海岸遗址科学公园,这是对七星岗古海岸地形遗迹实施有效保护与发挥科教作用的绝佳举措。吴尚时重视野外考察,实事求是,不迷信、不盲从、善思考、勇探索、勤写作、贡献真知灼见的科学创新精神,值得我们学习。

有孔虫初房特征变化在珠江三角洲晚全新世东亚夏季风降雨研究中的应用

研究中国降雨格局变化对理解东亚夏季风演化意义重大。本文分析了珠江三角洲柱状样ZJK03-Z中浅水底栖有孔虫常见种Rotalidium annectens的平均初房大小、微球型/显球型比值和壳体δ18O值,以及底栖有孔虫组合中瓷质壳的百分含量,探讨它们对由夏季风降雨引起的河口水体盐度变化的响应,得到了珠江三角洲3114—1260a BP季风降雨的强度变化,识别出了这期间14次季风降雨减少的偏干期。与南美洲Cariaco海盆的钛含量记录对比,二者一致的结果表明,珠江三角洲晚全新世的东亚夏季风降雨与热带辐合带(ITCZ)的南北移动密切相关:夏季风降雨减少,对应于ITCZ纬度位置的南移。

珠江文化对珠三角高职教育的影响

科学发展,先行先试。《珠江三角洲地区改革发展规划纲要(2008-2020)》从国家战略全局和长远发展出发,促进珠江三角洲地区增创新优势,更上一层楼,进一步发挥其对全国的辐射带动作用和先行示范作用。通过剖析珠三角高职教育概况、主要趋势及珠三角高职教育特色学院,引出珠三角高职教育的珠江文化特性:敏感性与浮动性并驾,实效性与消遣性齐驱,竞争性与兼触性共存,大众性与优越性互进,发展性与保守性相克。珠三角高职教育的启迪则包括政府导向、产业支撑和文化影响三个因素。

论珠江三角洲产业区域转移

本文研究了中国现阶段的产业区域现象。在界定了产业区域转移內涵意义之后。论述了国内外对产业区域转移问题的研究状况,区分了产业区域转移和对外直接投资的相同和不同之处,并论述了珠江三角洲的产业转移历史演变以及现阶段的产业转移状况。探讨了珠江三角洲现阶段产业区域转移的动力机制。最后对珠江三角洲进行区域产业转移遇到的困难与障碍提出一些对策与建议。

珠江三角洲经济区东部新兴的惠淡澳经济走廊

本文分析惠淡澳经济走廊的区域条件、历史背景及其形成、发展和前景，探讨其对实施建设珠江三角洲经济区战略决策的意义。

珠江口盆地西部早中新世大型浅水三角洲展布特征及有利油气勘探方向

珠江口盆地西部在早中新世珠江组沉积时期地势平坦、物源充足,基于岩石组合、旋回地层和地震反射特征等分析,认为在18.5 Ma大规模海侵之后,珠江组一段时期主要发育浅海背景下的大型浅水陆架三角洲沉积。同时盆地具有多源供砂的特点,其中海南岛和广东沿岸河流对其影响最为广泛,代表了NW方向的物源,呈现出自西向东的多期砂体进积过程。其中,在三角洲前端与浅海泥岩指状交互处,自下而上可发育多套优质的储盖组合。由于受到神狐隆起早期古高地的影响,易形成基底隆起上的披覆背斜圈闭、岩性圈闭(岩性上倾尖灭、岩性透镜体)以及构造-岩性圈闭(岩性边界与构造脊线叠合圈闭)等多种圈闭组合样式,且与新近纪以来凹陷主力源岩的生烃峰期、新构造运动和构造脊线等同步耦合,是该区有利油气勘探方向。