Considering that the vehicle routing problem （VRP） with many extended features is widely used in actual life, such as multi-depot, heterogeneous types of vehicles, customer service priority and time windows etc., a ...Considering that the vehicle routing problem （VRP） with many extended features is widely used in actual life, such as multi-depot, heterogeneous types of vehicles, customer service priority and time windows etc., a mathematical model for multi-depot heterogeneous vehicle routing problem with soft time windows （MDHVRPSTW） is established. An improved ant colony optimization （IACO） is proposed for solving this model. First, MDHVRPSTW is transferred into different groups according to the nearest principle, and then the initial route is constructed by the scanning algorithm （SA）. Secondly, genetic operators are introduced, and crossover probability and mutation probability are adaptively adjusted in order to improve the global search ability of the algorithm. Moreover, the smooth mechanism is used to improve the performance of the ant colony optimization （ACO）. Finally, the 3-opt strategy is used to improve the local search ability. The proposed IACO was tested on three new instances that were generated randomly. The experimental results show that IACO is superior to the other three existing algorithms in terms of convergence speed and solution quality. Thus, the proposed method is effective and feasible, and the proposed model is meaningful.展开更多
为解决ZigBee Cluster-Tree路由算法路径选择不优的问题,提出了一种能量感知的ZigBee树型路由EZTR(Energy-Aware ZigBee tree routing)算法.该算法利用每个节点感知的地址信息,按照ZigBee网络树型结构计算下一跳邻居节点到目的节点之间...为解决ZigBee Cluster-Tree路由算法路径选择不优的问题,提出了一种能量感知的ZigBee树型路由EZTR(Energy-Aware ZigBee tree routing)算法.该算法利用每个节点感知的地址信息,按照ZigBee网络树型结构计算下一跳邻居节点到目的节点之间的跳数可避免网络的环路效应,通过引入认知概念,在跳数集合中选出最短路径以降低跳数.在ZigBee网络节点能量的感知过程中,当所选路径存在低能量节点时,及时启用备用节点,从而避免节点因能量过度消耗成为失效节点.NS2(Network simulator version 2)仿真实验表明,EZTR算法可提高网络分组递交率,有效减少节点转发跳数和平均网络延时,减小网络整体能耗,为提高网络的实时性和延长网络生命周期提供理论支持.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61074147)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.S2011010005059)+2 种基金the Foundation of Enterprise-University-Research Institute Cooperation from Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China(No.2012B091000171,2011B090400460)the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province(No.2012B050600028)the Science and Technology Program of Huadu District,Guangzhou(No.HD14ZD001)
文摘Considering that the vehicle routing problem （VRP） with many extended features is widely used in actual life, such as multi-depot, heterogeneous types of vehicles, customer service priority and time windows etc., a mathematical model for multi-depot heterogeneous vehicle routing problem with soft time windows （MDHVRPSTW） is established. An improved ant colony optimization （IACO） is proposed for solving this model. First, MDHVRPSTW is transferred into different groups according to the nearest principle, and then the initial route is constructed by the scanning algorithm （SA）. Secondly, genetic operators are introduced, and crossover probability and mutation probability are adaptively adjusted in order to improve the global search ability of the algorithm. Moreover, the smooth mechanism is used to improve the performance of the ant colony optimization （ACO）. Finally, the 3-opt strategy is used to improve the local search ability. The proposed IACO was tested on three new instances that were generated randomly. The experimental results show that IACO is superior to the other three existing algorithms in terms of convergence speed and solution quality. Thus, the proposed method is effective and feasible, and the proposed model is meaningful.
基金国家自然科学基金(the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60374072) 国家高技术研究发展计划(863) (theNational High- Tech Research and Development Plan of China under Grant No.2004AA412020)。
文摘为解决ZigBee Cluster-Tree路由算法路径选择不优的问题,提出了一种能量感知的ZigBee树型路由EZTR(Energy-Aware ZigBee tree routing)算法.该算法利用每个节点感知的地址信息,按照ZigBee网络树型结构计算下一跳邻居节点到目的节点之间的跳数可避免网络的环路效应,通过引入认知概念,在跳数集合中选出最短路径以降低跳数.在ZigBee网络节点能量的感知过程中,当所选路径存在低能量节点时,及时启用备用节点,从而避免节点因能量过度消耗成为失效节点.NS2(Network simulator version 2)仿真实验表明,EZTR算法可提高网络分组递交率,有效减少节点转发跳数和平均网络延时,减小网络整体能耗,为提高网络的实时性和延长网络生命周期提供理论支持.
