On the basis of the Ag-Pd-Gd, Ag-Ru-Gd and Pd-Ru-Gd ternary systems, the partial phase diagram of Pd-Ag-Ru-Gd（Gd<25% atom fraction） quaternary system has been studied by means of X-ray diffraction analysis, diffe...On the basis of the Ag-Pd-Gd, Ag-Ru-Gd and Pd-Ru-Gd ternary systems, the partial phase diagram of Pd-Ag-Ru-Gd（Gd<25% atom fraction） quaternary system has been studied by means of X-ray diffraction analysis, differential thermal analysis, electron probe microanalysis and optical microscopy. The 700℃ isothermal sections of the Ag-Pd-5Ru-Gd, Ag-Pd-20Ru-Gd and Ag-Pd-50Ru-Gd （Gd≤25% atom fraction） phase diagrams were determined respectively. And the 700℃ isothermal section of the Pd-Ag-Ru-Gd （Gd≤25% atom fraction） quaternary system phase diagram was finally inferred. The section consists of four single-phase regions: solid solution Pd（Ag）, （Ru）, Pd3Gd and Ag 51 Gd 14 ; five two-phase regions: Pd（Ag）+（Ru）, Pd（Ag）+ Ag 51 Gd 14 , （Ru）+ Ag 51 Gd 14 , Pd（Ag）+ Pd3Gd and （Ru）+ Pd3Gd; three three-phase regions: Pd（Ag）+ Pd3Gd+（Ru）, Pd（Ag）+ Ag 51 Gd 14 +（Ru） and （Ru）+ Ag 51 Gd 14 + Pd3Gd; one four-phase region Pd（Ag）+ （Ru）+ Ag 51 Gd 14 + Pd3Gd. No new quaternary intermetallic phase is found.展开更多
The metastable solubilities and the physicochemical properties including density and pH of the reciprocal quaternary system（LiCl＋MgCl2＋Li2SO4＋MgSO4＋H2O） at 348.15 K and 0.1 MPa were determined using the isother-...The metastable solubilities and the physicochemical properties including density and pH of the reciprocal quaternary system（LiCl＋MgCl2＋Li2SO4＋MgSO4＋H2O） at 348.15 K and 0.1 MPa were determined using the isother- mal evaporation method. The dry-salt diagram and water-phase diagram were plotted based on the experimental data. There are five invariant points, eleven tmivariant curves, and seven crystallization zones corresponding to hexahy- drite, tetrahydrite, kieserite, bischofite, lithium sulfate monohydrate, lithium chloride monohydrate and lithium car- nallite. Comparison between the stable and metastable diagrams at 348.15 K indicates that the metastable phenome- non of magnesium sulfate is obvious, and the crystallization regions of hexahydrite and tetrahydrite disappear in the stable phase diagram. A comparison of the metastable dry-salt phase diagrams at 308.15, 323.15 and 348.15 K shows that with the increasing of temperatttre the epsomite crystallization zone disappears from the dry-salt phase diagranl of 303.15 K, and a new kieserite crystallization zone is presented at 348.15 K. The density and pH in the metastable equilibrium solution present regular change with the increasing of Janecke index J（2Li＋）, and the calculated densities using the empirical equation agree well with the experimental values.展开更多
Compounds [n-CnH2n＋1N（CHs）3]2CoCl4（n=16, C46C3Co; n=18, C18C3Co） containing lipid-like bilayers embedded in a crystalline matrix exist in solid-solid phase transition. The low-temperature bilayer structures of th...Compounds [n-CnH2n＋1N（CHs）3]2CoCl4（n=16, C46C3Co; n=18, C18C3Co） containing lipid-like bilayers embedded in a crystalline matrix exist in solid-solid phase transition. The low-temperature bilayer structures of the two compounds were organized by neutralizing CoCl24- with alkylammonium ions. Alkyl chains lay parallel to each other and slightly tilted with respect to the normal of the inorganic layers. The adjacent alkyl chains interacted with each other by van der Waals interaction. When the temperature increased, the two compounds underwent a reversible solid-solid phase transformation within 310-330 K. In such a case, the chains showed a large motional freedom, and a disordered phase appeared. The structures can alternatively be viewed as a double layer of alkylammonium ions between COCl24- sheets and be considered as crystalline models of lipid bilayers. The experimental subsolidus binary phase diagram of [n-C16H33N（CH3）3]2CoCl4-[n-C18H37N（CH3）3]2CoCl4 was constructed over the entire composition range by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction technique. Experimental phase diagram indicates one stable intermediate phase [n-C16H33N（CH3）3][n-C18H37N（CH3）3]CoCl4 at wC16C3Co = 39.89% and two invariant three-phase equilibria, which shows two eutectoid temperatures： Te1 at （316±1） K for WC16C3Co=27.35% and Te2 at （313±1）K for Wc16c3co =59.76%. These three noticeable solid-solution ranges are a-phase at the left, β-phase at the right, and γ-phase in the middle of the phase diagram.展开更多
文摘On the basis of the Ag-Pd-Gd, Ag-Ru-Gd and Pd-Ru-Gd ternary systems, the partial phase diagram of Pd-Ag-Ru-Gd（Gd<25% atom fraction） quaternary system has been studied by means of X-ray diffraction analysis, differential thermal analysis, electron probe microanalysis and optical microscopy. The 700℃ isothermal sections of the Ag-Pd-5Ru-Gd, Ag-Pd-20Ru-Gd and Ag-Pd-50Ru-Gd （Gd≤25% atom fraction） phase diagrams were determined respectively. And the 700℃ isothermal section of the Pd-Ag-Ru-Gd （Gd≤25% atom fraction） quaternary system phase diagram was finally inferred. The section consists of four single-phase regions: solid solution Pd（Ag）, （Ru）, Pd3Gd and Ag 51 Gd 14 ; five two-phase regions: Pd（Ag）+（Ru）, Pd（Ag）+ Ag 51 Gd 14 , （Ru）+ Ag 51 Gd 14 , Pd（Ag）+ Pd3Gd and （Ru）+ Pd3Gd; three three-phase regions: Pd（Ag）+ Pd3Gd+（Ru）, Pd（Ag）+ Ag 51 Gd 14 +（Ru） and （Ru）+ Ag 51 Gd 14 + Pd3Gd; one four-phase region Pd（Ag）+ （Ru）+ Ag 51 Gd 14 + Pd3Gd. No new quaternary intermetallic phase is found.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（Nos.U1607129, U1607123, 21773170）, the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation（Nos.2016M592827, 2016M592828）, the Application Foundation and Advanced Technology Program of Tianjin, China（No. 15JCQNJC08300）, and the Yangtze Scholars and Innovative Research Team of the Chinese University（No.IRT-17R81 ）.
文摘The metastable solubilities and the physicochemical properties including density and pH of the reciprocal quaternary system（LiCl＋MgCl2＋Li2SO4＋MgSO4＋H2O） at 348.15 K and 0.1 MPa were determined using the isother- mal evaporation method. The dry-salt diagram and water-phase diagram were plotted based on the experimental data. There are five invariant points, eleven tmivariant curves, and seven crystallization zones corresponding to hexahy- drite, tetrahydrite, kieserite, bischofite, lithium sulfate monohydrate, lithium chloride monohydrate and lithium car- nallite. Comparison between the stable and metastable diagrams at 348.15 K indicates that the metastable phenome- non of magnesium sulfate is obvious, and the crystallization regions of hexahydrite and tetrahydrite disappear in the stable phase diagram. A comparison of the metastable dry-salt phase diagrams at 308.15, 323.15 and 348.15 K shows that with the increasing of temperatttre the epsomite crystallization zone disappears from the dry-salt phase diagranl of 303.15 K, and a new kieserite crystallization zone is presented at 348.15 K. The density and pH in the metastable equilibrium solution present regular change with the increasing of Janecke index J（2Li＋）, and the calculated densities using the empirical equation agree well with the experimental values.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（Nos.21473048, 21246006）, the Natural Science Foundation of Hcbci Province, China（No.B2012205034） and the Science Foundation of Hebci Normal University, China（Nos.L2011K04, L2013B07）.
文摘Compounds [n-CnH2n＋1N（CHs）3]2CoCl4（n=16, C46C3Co; n=18, C18C3Co） containing lipid-like bilayers embedded in a crystalline matrix exist in solid-solid phase transition. The low-temperature bilayer structures of the two compounds were organized by neutralizing CoCl24- with alkylammonium ions. Alkyl chains lay parallel to each other and slightly tilted with respect to the normal of the inorganic layers. The adjacent alkyl chains interacted with each other by van der Waals interaction. When the temperature increased, the two compounds underwent a reversible solid-solid phase transformation within 310-330 K. In such a case, the chains showed a large motional freedom, and a disordered phase appeared. The structures can alternatively be viewed as a double layer of alkylammonium ions between COCl24- sheets and be considered as crystalline models of lipid bilayers. The experimental subsolidus binary phase diagram of [n-C16H33N（CH3）3]2CoCl4-[n-C18H37N（CH3）3]2CoCl4 was constructed over the entire composition range by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction technique. Experimental phase diagram indicates one stable intermediate phase [n-C16H33N（CH3）3][n-C18H37N（CH3）3]CoCl4 at wC16C3Co = 39.89% and two invariant three-phase equilibria, which shows two eutectoid temperatures： Te1 at （316±1） K for WC16C3Co=27.35% and Te2 at （313±1）K for Wc16c3co =59.76%. These three noticeable solid-solution ranges are a-phase at the left, β-phase at the right, and γ-phase in the middle of the phase diagram.
