Preparation and oxidation property of ZrB_2-MoSi_2/SiC coating on carbon/carbon composites

To improve the oxidation resistance of carbon/carbon composites,ZrB2-MoSi2/SiC coating on the carbon/carbon substrate was prepared.The inner coating of SiC was prepared by pack cementation and the outer coating of ZrB2-MoSi2 was prepared by slurry painting.The phase compositions and microstructures of the coating were characterized by XRD and SEM,respectively.The preparation and the high temperature oxidation property of the coated composites were investigated.The results show that the outer coating of carbon/carbon composites is composed of ZrB2,MoSi2 and SiC phases.The mass losses of the ZrB2-MoSi2/SiC coated samples with SiC nano-whiskers after 30 h and 10 h of oxidation at 1 273 K and 1 773 K were,respectively,5.3% and 3.0%.The ZrB2-MoSi2/SiC coated samples exhibit self-sealing performance and good oxidation resistance at high temperature.

Anti-oxidation properties of ZrB_2 modified silicon-based multilayer coating for carbon/carbon composites at high temperatures

To improve the anti-oxidation ability of silicon-based coating for carbon/carbon （C/C） composites at high temperatures, a ZrB2 modified silicon-based multilayer oxidation protective coating was prepared by pack cementation. The phase composition, microstructure and oxidation resistance at 1773, 1873 and 1953 K in air were investigated. The prepared coating exhibits dense structure and good oxidation protective ability. Due to the formation of stable ZrSiO4-SiO2 compound, the coating can effectively protect C/C composites from oxidation at 1773 K for more than 550 h. The anti-oxidation performance decreases with the increase of oxidation temperature. The mass loss of coated sample is 2.44% after oxidation at 1953 K for 50 h, which is attributed to the decomposition of ZrSiO4 and the volatilization of SiO2 protection layer.

Dry sliding wear behavior of AA6061/ZrB_2 in-situ composite

The dry sliding wear behavior of AA6061/ZrB2 in-situ composite prepared by the reaction of inorganic salts K2ZrF6 and KBF4 with molten aluminum was investigated.An attempt was made to develop a mathematical model to predict the wear rate of AA6061/（0-10%） ZrB2 in-situ composites.Four-factor,five-level central composite rotatable design was used to minimize the number of experiments.The factors considered are sliding velocity,sliding distance,normal load and mass fraction of ZrB2 particles.The effect of these factors on the wear rate of the fabricated composite was analyzed and the predicted trends were discussed by observing the wear surface morphologies.The in-situ formed ZrB2 particles enhance the wear performance of the composite.The wear rate of the composite bears a proportional relationship with the sliding velocity,sliding distance and normal load.

Effects of in-situ ZrB_2 particle on grain refinement of ZrB_2/AZ91D magnesium matrix composite

In-situ ZrB2/AZ91D magnesium matrix composite was successfully synthesized with AI/K2ZrF6＋NH4BF4 by means of Direct Melt Reaction. The fabricated ZrB2/AZ91D magnesium matrix composite through direct melt mixing method was investigated. Results from X-ray diffraction （XRD） and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS） confirmed the existence of ZrB2 particles in the AZ91D alloy, and most ZrB2 particles were in the size range of just several microns, some even to 100 nm. The cast specimens were studied through corrosion testing and heat treatment. The average grain size of AZ91D decreased markedly from about 250 pm to 50 IJm. In addition, the shape and size of the ,β-MglTAI12 phase as well as the morphologies of primary a-Mg in the magnesium matrix composite were greatly changed. The network structure of the β-MglTAI12 phase was broken into small blocks and the size of a-Mg decreased significantly.

Preparation and characterization of ZrO_2/TiO_2 composite photocatalytic film by micro-arc oxidation

ZrO2/TiO2 composite photocatalytic film was produced on the pure titanium substrate using in-situ Zr（OH）4 colloidal particle by the micro-arc oxidation technique and characterized by scanning electron microscope （SEM）, energy dispersive X-ray （EDX）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and ultraviolet-visible （UV-Vis） spectrophotometer. The composite film shows a lamellar and porous structure which consists of anatase, futile and ZrO2 phases. The optical absorption edge of film is shifted to longer wavelength when ZrO2 is introduced to TiO2. Furthermore, the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of degradation of rhodamine B solution with ZrO2/TiO2 composite film and pure TiO2 film under ultraviolet irradiation are measured as 0.0442 and 0.0186 h 1, respectively.

烧结温度对反应热压烧结制备ZrB_2-ZrC-W_2Zr复合材料组织和力学性能的影响

以B_4C、Zr、W为原料,采用反应热压烧结工艺制备了ZrB_2-ZrC-W_2Zr复合材料,系统研究了烧结温度对复合材料组织结构和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,复合材料主要由ZrB_2、ZrC、W_2Zr和少量的W组成,随着烧结温度从1 600℃升高到1 900℃,W的含量略有增加,W_2Zr的含量略有减少,ZrB_2晶粒的形态由针状向板条状转变,晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,而长径比逐渐减小。复合材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性随着烧结温度的升高先增大后减小,在1 850℃出现峰值,分别达到约560 MPa和5.5 MPa·m^(1/2)。

Joining and machining of(ZrB2-SiC)and(Cf-SiC)based composites

Filler materials of(ZrB_2-SiC-B_4C-YAG) composite were developed for gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW) of the ZrB_2-SiC and Cf-SiC based composites to themselves and to each other. Reaction with filler material,porosity and cracks were not observed at weld interfaces of all the joints. Penetration of filler material in to voids and pores existing in the Cf-SiC composites was observed. Average shear strength of 25.7 MPa was achieved for joints of Cf-SiC composites. By incorporation of Cf-SiC(CVD) ground short fibre reinforcement the(ZrB_2-SiC-B_4C-YAG) composite was machinable with tungsten carbide tool. The joint and machined composites were resistance to oxidation and thermal shock when exposed to the oxy-propane flame at 2300℃ for 300s. The combination of(ZrB_2-SiC-B_4C-YAG) and Cf-SiC based composites can be used for making parts like thermal protection system or nozzles for high temperature applications.

Microstructures and Dry Sliding Wear Properties of ZrB_2/A356 Composites Synthesized by Magneto-chemistry in situ Reaction

In situ A356-x%PVF （particle volume fraction） ZrB2 （ x=1, 3, 5） composites were prepared via magneto-chemistry in situ reaction and the dry sliding wear properties of the composites were investigated. The experimental results show that ZrB2 reinforcement particle is obtained and its morphology mainly present in spherical and regular hexagon. Wear test results show that the values of wear weight loss of the composites decrease with the increase of value under a given sliding time and a certain load of 60 N. Especially, when x=5, the weight loss of the as-prepared composite is 43.1 mg, which is only 36.4% to that ofA356 alloy, 118 rag. The wear mechanism is changed from adhesion wear to adhesion wear and abrasive wear and then to abrasive wear with the increase of x value.

Fabrication of ZrC/ZrB2/C Composites Having High Mechanical Properties at Elevated Temperatures

Ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs) are most recently getting much attention for structural parts of hypersonic missiles with their cruising speed of more than Mach 5. Most of the UHTCs are poor sinterability carbides, nitrides, and borides. Therefore, they have been studied and developed for a long time. However, there are still many problems to solve. In this paper, based on the solid-state reaction presented as an equation of (x + y)·ZrC + 2·y·B → x·ZrC + y·ZrB2 + y·C, three-phase ZrC/ZrB2/C composites have been fabricated from ZrC and amorphous B powders using pulsed electric-current pressure sintering at 1373 to 2173 K for 6.0 × 102 s under 50 MPa in a vacuum. ZrC/ZrB2/C = 30/70/C~70/30/C vol% composites with the relative densities Dr of 96.6 to 98.7% were obtained at 2073 K. The 60/40/C vol% composite revealed high bending strength σb (554 MPa), Vickers hardness Hv (19.2 GPa) and moderate fracture toughness KIC (5.25 MPa·m1/2) at room temperature. Furthermore, all composites showed elastic deformation up to 1873 K and revealed σb more than 600 MPa at this temperature, in addition, some composites showed higher σb than 900 MPa at the same temperature. These high mechanical behaviors are discussed with those of the simple binary ZrC/ZrB2 composites which were fabricated under the same conditions except for their starting materials. The best mechanical properties of binary composites were σb (474 MPa), Hv (18.5 GPa), and KIC (4.45 MPa·m1/2) at room temperature, and σb of 400 - 700 MPa at 1873 K. Overall, three-phase composites, nevertheless including soft carbon, have higher mechanical properties than the binary composites.

Aluminum matrix composites reinforced by in situ Al_2O_3 and Al_3Zr particles fabricated via magnetochemistry reaction

Aluminum matrix composites reinforced by in situ Al2O3 and Al3Zr particles are fabricated from A356-Zr(CO3)2 system via magnetochemistry reaction,and the morphologies,sizes and distributions of the in situ particles as well as the microstructures,mechanical mechanisms of the composites are investigated by XRD,SEM,TEM and in situ tensile tests.The results indicate that with the pulsed magnetic field assistance,the morphologies of the in situ particles are mainly with ball-shape,the sizes are in nanometer scale and the distributions in the matrix are uniform.The interfaces between the in situ particles and the aluminum matrix are net and no interfacial outgrowth is observed.These are due to the strong vibration induced by the applied magnetic field in the aluminum melt,which in turn,accelerates the melt reactions.The effects of the magnetic field on the above contributions are discussed in detail.

La2Zr2O7 and MgO co-doped composite Li-Garnet solid electrolyte

Various solid electrolytes,such as sulfides(10^-3-10^-2 S cm^-1)and oxides(10^-4–10^-3 S cm^-1)are explored and developed to solve the safety problems in commercial Li-ion batteries using liquid flammable electrolytes.Metallic Li anode is required for pursuing high power density(>300 Wh kg^-1)for solid-state batteries[1,2].

Preparation of ZrB_2-SiC Powders via Carbothermal Reduction of Zircon and Prediction of Product Composition by Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network

Phase pure ZrB2-SiC composite powders were prepared after 1 450℃/3 h via carbothermal reduction route,by using ZrSiO4,B2O3 and carbon as the raw materials.The influences of firing temperature as well as the type and amount of additive on the phase composition of final products were detailedly investigated.The results indicated that the onset formation temperature of ZrB2-SiC was reduced to 1 400℃by the present conditions,and oxide additive（including CoSO4·7H2O,Y2O3 and TiO2）was effective in enhancing the decomposition of raw ZrSiO4,therefore accelerating the synthesis of ZrB2-SiC.Moreover,microstructural observation showed that the as-prepared ZrB2 and SiC respectively had well-defined hexagonal columnar and fibrous morphology.Furthermore,the methodology of back-propagation artificial neural networks（BP-ANNs）was adopted to establish a model for predicting the reaction extent（e g,the content of ZrB2-SiC in final product）in terms of various processing conditions.The results predicted by the as-established BP-ANNs model matched well with that of testing experiment（with a mean square error in 10^（-3） degree）,verifying good effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

Influence of Negative Bias Voltage on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of MoS_2/Zr Composite Films

MoS2/Zr composite films were deposited on the cemented carbide YT14 （WC＋14%TiC＋6%Co） by medium-frequency magnetron sputtered and coupled with multi-arc ion plated techniques.The influence of negative bias voltage on the composite film properties,including adhesion strength,micro-hardness,thickness and tribological properties were investigated.The results showed that proper negative bias voltage could significantly improve the mechanical and tribological properties of composite films.The effects of negative bias voltage on film properties were also put forward.The optimal negative bias voltage was -200 V under this experiment conditions.The obtained composite films were dense,the adhesion strength was about 60 N,the thickness was about 2.4 μm,and the micro-hardness was about 9.0 GPa.The friction coefficient and wear rate was 0.12 and 2.1×10-7 cm3/N·m respectively after 60 m sliding operation against hardened steel under a load of 20 N and a sliding speed of 200 rev·min-1.

Fabrication and Magnetic Properties of Composite Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4/Pb(Zr_(0.52)Ti_(0.48))O_3 Nanofibers by Electrospinning

One-dimensional and quasi-one-dimensional nanostructure materials are promising building blocks for electromagnetic devices and nanosystems.In this work,the composite Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4（NZFO）/ Pb（Zr0.52Ti0.48）O3（PZT） nanofibers with average diameters about 65 nm are prepared by electrospinning from poly（vinyl pyrrolidone） （PVP） and metal salts.The precursor composite NZFO/PZT/PVP nanofibers and the subsequent calcined NZFO/PZT nanofibers are investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT- IR） ,X-ray diffraction （XRD）,scanning electron microscopy （SEM）.The magnetic properties for nanofibers are measured by vibrating sample magnetometer（VSM）.The NZFO/PZT nanofibers obtained at calcination temperature of 900 °C for 2 h consist of the ferromagnetic spinel NZFO and ferroelectric perovskite PZT phases,which are constructed from about 37 nm NZFO and 17 nm PZT grains.The saturation magnetization of these NZFO/PZT nanofibers increases with increasing calcination temperature and contents of NZFO in the composite.

超声化学原位制备(ZrB_2+Al_3Zr)_p/2124复合材料及其磨损性能研究

在超声场下,以Al-Zr-B为反应体系,采用DMR熔体直接反应法,原位制备二元颗粒ZrB2+Al3Zr增强2124铝基复合材料。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等表征手段,研究了在超声场下二元增强颗粒ZrB2+Al3Zr的形貌、分布及尺寸情况。实验表明,采用DMR法成功制备二元颗粒增强2124铝基复合材料,增强颗粒分为ZrB2和Al3Zr,随着超声场的引入,颗粒呈现逐渐弥散并细化,尤其在1.8kW超声场下,增强颗粒形貌由原来的长条状、团聚态转变为弥散粒状。此外还研究其磨损性能变化规律。

ZrB_2—刚玉莫来石复合材料的高温力学性能

在空气中，研究了不同组成的ＺｒＢ２—刚玉莫来石复合材料的高温力性，分析了强度—温度曲线，并对其高温下的断口形貌进行观察。

ZrB2加入量对BN-AlN-TiB2复相陶瓷性能的影响

以h-BN、TiB2、AlN、Y2O3粉为主要原料,研究了ZrB 2的加入量(添加质量分数分别为1%、2%、3%、4%和5%)对BN-AlN-TiB 2复相陶瓷显气孔率、抗弯强度和电阻率的影响,并用XRD和SEM分别表征了试样的物相组成和显微结构。结果表明:随着ZrB2添加量(w)从1%增加到5%,BN-AlN-TiB2复相陶瓷的显气孔率显著降低,抗弯强度显著提高,而电阻率明显降低。当ZrB2加入量(w)为5%时,BN-AlN-TiB2复相陶瓷的各项性能较佳。

(Al_3Zr+ZrB_2)/ZL101原位复合材料力学性能和显微组织研究

采用原位反应法制备(Al_3Zr+ZrB_2)/ZL101原位复合材料,测试其室温力学性能,并通过OPM,TEM观察其微观组织。结果表明:原位复合材料经过热处理后,抗拉强度、延伸率以及布氏硬度分别提高了33.2%,9.76%,39.8%。增强相ZrB_2呈不规则的块状,为六方结构,尺寸为0.4μm左右,增强相Al_3Zr呈长棒状,两种增强相整体分布均匀,且与α-Al的界面结合良好。(Al_3Zr+ZrB_2)/ZL101原位复合材料主要强化机制为Orowan强化、细晶强化、固溶强化和位错强化。

(ZrB_2+ZrC)/Zr_3[Al(Si)]_4C_6复相陶瓷在1000～1300℃空气中的恒温氧化行为

对原位热压烧结制备的（ZrB2 ＋ZrC）/Zr3[Al （Si）]4C6复相陶瓷在1000～1300℃空气中的恒温氧化行为进行研究.结果表明：随着氧化温度的升高和氧化时间的延长,复相陶瓷的氧化增量和氧化速率均逐渐增大,材料的氧化过程遵循抛物线规律.ZrB2＋ ZrC的引入降低了材料的抗氧化性能,复相陶瓷的氧化层表面主要由m-ZrO2、少量t-ZrO2和莫来石组成,疏松多孔,未能形成有效阻止氧扩散的致密氧化膜.在相同氧化温度和氧化时间下,（ZrB2＋ZrC）/Zr3[Al（Si）]4C6复相陶瓷的单位面积氧化增量、氧化速率以及氧化层厚度均大于单相Zr3[Al（Si）]4C6陶瓷。

Al-Zr(CO_3)_2体系反应合成复合材料的反应机制及动力学模型

开发了Al-Zr(CO3)2体系熔体反应法合成新型(Al3Zr+Al2O3)p/Al复合材料,研究了Al-Zr(CO3)2体系的反应热力学、反应动力学及反应机制.结果表明:Al-Zr(CO3)2体系起始反应温度为850℃,且在铝熔体(850～1100℃)温度范围内反应能自发进行.X射线衍射(XRD)及扫描电镜(SEM)分析表明:反应合成的强化相为Al3Zr和α-Al2O3颗粒,其尺寸为0.1～1 μm,且在基体中弥散分布.反应过程中复合熔体水淬实验分析表明:反应析出的Zr量随反应时间延长而增大,当反应进行10 min就达到了总增量的90%,整个合成反应时间为15 min,且合成过程前期(反应3 min前)主要受化学反应控制,合成过程后期(反应10 min后)主要受扩散控制.Al-Zr(CO3)2体系中关键反应ZrO2与Al按反应-扩散-破裂机制进行,并建立了反应原理图、反应动力学模型和反应时间的动力学方程.