Microstructure and Oxidation Behavior of ZrB_(2)-SiC Ceramics Fabricated by Tape Casting and Reactive Melt Infiltration

ZrB_(2)-based ceramics typically necessitate high temperature and pressure for sintering,whereas ZrB_(2)-SiC ceramics can be fabricated at 1500℃using the process of reactive melt infiltration with Si.In comparison to the conventional preparation method,reactive synthesis allows for the more facile production of ultra-high temperature ceramics with fine particle size and homogeneous composition.In this work,ZrSi_(2),B4C,and C were used as raw materials to prepare ZrB_(2)-SiC via combination of tape casting and reactive melt infiltration herein referred to as ZBC ceramics.Control sample of ZrB_(2)-SiC was also prepared using ZrB_(2) and SiC as raw materials through an identical process designated as ZS ceramics.Microscopic analysis of both ceramic groups revealed smaller and more uniformly distributed particles of the ZrB_(2) phase in ZBC ceramics compared to the larger particles in ZS ceramics.Both sets of ceramics underwent cyclic oxidation testing in the air at 1600℃for a cumulative duration of 5 cycles,each cycle lasting 2 h.Analysis of the oxidation behavior showed that both ZBC ceramics and ZS ceramics developed a glassy SiO_(2)-ZrO_(2) oxide layer on their surfaces during the oxidation.This layer severed as a barrier against oxygen.In ZBC ceramics,ZrO_(2) is finely distributed in SiO_(2),whereas in ZS ceramics,larger ZrO_(2) particles coexist with glassy SiO_(2).The surface oxide layer of ZBC ceramics maintains a dense structure because the well-dispersed ZrO_(2) increases the viscosity of glassy SiO_(2),preventing its crystallization during the cooling.Conversely,some SiO_(2) in the oxide layer of ZS ceramics may crystallize and form a eutectic with ZrO_(2),leading to the formation of ZrSiO_(4).This leads to cracking of the oxide layer due to differences in thermal expansion coefficients,weakening its barrier effect.An analysis of the oxidation resistance shows that ZBC ceramics exhibit less increase in oxide layer thickness and mass compared to ZS ceramics,suggesting superior oxidation resistance of ZBC ceramics.

Low-firing and temperature stability regulation of tri-rutile MgTa_(2)O_(6)microwave dielectric ceramics

A glass frit containing Li_(2)O-MgO-ZnO-B_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)component was used to explore the low-temperature sintering behaviors and microwave dielectric characteristics of tri-rutile MgTa_(2)O_(6)ceramics in this study.The good low-firing effects are presented due to the high matching relevance between Li_(2)O-MgO-ZnO-B_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)glass and MgTa_(2)O_(6)ceramics.The pure tri-rutile MgTa_(2)O_(6)structure remains unchanged,and high sintering compactness can also be achieved at 1150℃.We found that the Li_(2)O-MgO-ZnO-B_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)glass not only greatly improves the low-temperature sintering characteristics of MgTa_(2)O_(6)ceramics but also maintains a high(quality factor(Q)×resonance frequency(f))value while still improving the temperature stability.Typically,great microwave dielectric characteristics when added with 2wt%Li_(2)O-MgO-ZnO-B_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)glass can be achieved at 1150℃:dielectric constant,ε_(r)=26.1;Q×f=34267 GHz;temperature coefficient of resonance frequency,τ_(f)=-8.7×10^(-6)/℃.

Physics-embedded machine learning search for Sm-doped PMN-PT piezoelectric ceramics with high performance

Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)–PbTiO_(3)(PMN-PT)piezoelectric ceramics have excellent piezoelectric properties and are used in a wide range of applications.Adjusting the solid solution ratios of PMN/PT and different concentrations of elemental doping are the main methods to modulate their piezoelectric coefficients.The combination of these controllable conditions leads to an exponential increase of possible compositions in ceramics,which makes it not easy to extend the sample data by additional experimental or theoretical calculations.In this paper,a physics-embedded machine learning method is proposed to overcome the difficulties in obtaining piezoelectric coefficients and Curie temperatures of Sm-doped PMN-PT ceramics with different components.In contrast to all-data-driven model,physics-embedded machine learning is able to learn nonlinear variation rules based on small datasets through potential correlation between ferroelectric properties.Based on the model outputs,the positions of morphotropic phase boundary(MPB)with different Sm doping amounts are explored.We also find the components with the best piezoelectric property and comprehensive performance.Moreover,we set up a database according to the obtained results,through which we can quickly find the optimal components of Sm-doped PMN-PT ceramics according to our specific needs.

Tribological properties of nanostructured Al_2O_3-40%TiO_2 multiphase ceramic particles reinforced Ni-based alloy composite coatings

The Ni-based alloy composite coatings reinforced by nanostructured Al2O3-40%TiO2 multiphase ceramic particles were prepared on the surface of 7005 aluminum alloy by plasma spray technology. The microstructure and tribological properties of the composite coatings were researched. The results show that the composite coatings mainly consist of γ-Ni, α-Al2O3, γ-Al2O3 and rutile-TiO2 etc, and exhibit lower friction coefficients and wear losses than the Ni-based alloy coatings at different loads and speeds. The composite coating bears low contact stress at 3 N and its wear mechanism is micro-cutting wear. As loads increase to 6-12 N, the contact stress is higher than the elastic limit stress of worn surface, and the wear mechanisms change into multi-plastic deformation wear, micro-brittle fracture wear and abrasive wear. With the increase of speeds, the contact temperature of worn surface increases. The composite coating experiences multi-plastic deformation wear, fatigue wear and adhesive wear.

Interface characteristics of Al_2O_3－13%TiO_2 ceramic coatings prepared by laser cladding

Al2O3-13%TiO2 （mass fraction） coatings, prepared by laser cladding on nickel-based alloy, were heated using high frequency induction sources. The coating microstructure and the interface between bond coating and ceramic coating were characterized by SEM, XRD and EDS. The results show that two-layer substructure exists in the ceramic coating： one layer evolving from fully melted region where the sintered grains grow fully; another layer resembling the liquid-phase-sintered structure consisting of three-dimensional net where the melted Al2O3 particles are embedded in the TiO2-rich matrix. The mechanism of the two-layer substructure formation is also explained in terms of the melting and flattening behavior of the powders during laser cladding processing. The spinel compounds NiAl2O4 and acicular compounds Cr2O3 are discovered in the interface between bond coating and ceramic coating. It proves that the chemical reactions in the laser cladding process will significantly enhance the coating adhesion.

ZrB_2基超高温陶瓷抗氧化性研究进展

Zr B2基超高温陶瓷具有硬度高、熔点高、导热性能好以及良好的抗热震性能等优点而广泛应用于飞行器、高超声速导弹、火箭的热端结构部件。超高温陶瓷的服役环境对其抗氧化性有较高的要求。文章就Zr B2基超高温陶瓷的氧化机理、测试方法以及抗氧化性能的研究进展等方面进行了综述。

Dielectric properties and phase transitions of La_2O_3- and Sb_2O_3-doped barium strontium titanate ceramics

The dielectric properties and phase transition characteristics of La2O3- and Sb2O3-doped barium strontium titanate ceramics prepared by solid state route were investigated. The microstructure was identified by X-ray diffraction method and scanning electron microscope was also employed to observe the surface morphologies. It is found that （La,Sb）-codoped barium strontium titanate ceramics exhibit typical perovskite structure and the average grain size decreases dramatically with increasing the content of Sb2O3. Both La3＋ ions and Sb3＋ ions occupy the A-sites in perovskite lattice. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of barium strontium titanate based ceramics are obviously influenced by La2O3 as well as Sb2O3 addition content. The tetragonal-cubic phase transition of La2O3 modified barium strontium titanate ceramics is of second order and the Curie temperature shifts to lower value with increasing the La2O3 doping content. The phase transition of （La,Sb）-codoped barium strontium titanate ceramics diffuses and the deviation from Curie-Weiss law becomes more obvious with the increase in Sb2O3 concentration. The temperature corresponding to the dielectric constant maximum of （La,Sb）-codoped barium strontium titanate ceramics decreases with increasing the Sb2O3 content, which is attributed to the replacement of host ions by the Sb3＋ ions.

ZrB_2-YAG-Al_2O_3复相陶瓷的抗氧化性能

通过共沉淀法获得包覆式Al_2O_3-Y_2O_3/ZrB_2复合粉体,对其进行放电等离子烧结制备相应的复相陶瓷,并对不同YAG(钇铝石榴石)、Al_2O_3含量的复相陶瓷进行了氧化试验,用SEM、XRD和电子探针等研究了YAG、Al_2O_3对ZrB_2陶瓷抗氧化性的影响。结果表明:制备的各种复相陶瓷和纯ZrB_2陶瓷相比,在相同氧化条件下表面的氧化层厚度都有所变薄,YAG、Al_2O_3的加入可以改善ZrB_2陶瓷的抗氧化性能;在相同氧化条件下,Al_2O_3含量越多,氧化层厚度越小;在高温条件下,复相陶瓷氧化层中均存在ZrO_2、B_2O_3和Al_(18)B_4O_(33)相,Al_2O_3含量越多,Al_(18)B_4O_(33)相也越多。

化合物改性新型ZrB_2基超高温抗氧化涂层研究

ZrB_2由于具有高熔点、高硬度和良好的导热性,以及在超高温高马赫数冲蚀环境中的优异物理化学性能等,而在C/C和C/SiC等陶瓷基复合材料超高温抗氧化涂层应用领域中得到了广泛的关注,而通过添加化合物改性,可以提高单纯ZrB_2的综合性能。对在ZrB_2中添加的改性化合物进行了分类综述,初步探讨了化合物改性的机理,归纳了硅化物、硼化物、碳化物、难熔金属改性的基本规律,对ZrB_2基陶瓷涂层的改性配方成分设计、性能研究等具有借鉴意义。

ZrB_2-SiC超高温陶瓷非晶钎焊界面组织与力学性能研究

采用Cu_(39.37)Ti_(32.19)Zr_(19.38)Ni_(9.06)(原子比)非晶态钎料对ZrB_2-SiC超高温陶瓷进行钎焊。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜、万能试验机对钎料的微观结构以及钎焊接头形貌、析出相和室温力学性能进行系统分析。结果表明:在一定钎焊温度下,随钎焊时间的增加,接头剪切强度逐渐减小,且伴随裂纹的出现。在钎焊温度1183 K,钎焊时间30 min时获得的剪切强度最高,约为160 MPa。润湿性实验表明该非晶钎料在ZrB_2-SiC陶瓷表面的润湿性良好。接头剪切强度与钎料和母材之间的反应层厚度有关,通过计算得出反应层厚度形成的激活能Q和反应层生长速度A_0,建立了反应层生长规律的表达式。

氩气压力对自蔓延高温合成ZrB_2-Al_2O_3复合粉体的影响

用Zr O2,Al,B2O3微粉为原料,在0.1,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0 MPa的氩气压力下,通过自蔓延高温方法合成Zr B2-Al2O3复合粉体。研究了氩气压力对燃烧参数(燃烧前后试样的质量变化△m、轴向高度变化△h、实际燃烧温度Tc)的影响。通过X射线衍射和扫描电镜等分析测试手段,Zr B2-Al2O3复合粉体的相组成及微观结构分别用XRD和SEM进行表征。结果表明:氩气压力为1.5 MPa时,燃烧反应前后试样的质量变化△m和轴向高度变化△h最小,实际燃烧温度最高;燃烧产物中只有Zr B2和Al2O3;Zr B2在Al2O3基中的分散最均匀。

弱界面层方向性对层状ZrB_2-SiC/石墨陶瓷的影响

利用流延-叠层-热压烧结工艺制备层状ZrB_2-SiC/石墨(ZrB_2-SiC/G)陶瓷,研究了石墨弱界面层的方向性对其力学性能的影响;通过XRD、SEM等对层状ZrB_2-SiC/G陶瓷的物相、形貌进行观察分析。结果表明:层状ZrB_2-SiC/G陶瓷在平行方向上的弯曲强度为(382±25)MPa,略低于垂直方向的弯曲强度((429±30)MPa);平行方向的断裂韧性为(11.2±0.3)MPa·m^(1/2),比垂直方向的断裂韧性提高了75%。层状ZrB_2-SiC/G陶瓷在平行方向上的断裂韧性的提高主要是由于石墨弱界面层对裂纹的偏转、分叉和脱层作用。

Influence of Composition on Properties of BNT-BT Lead-Free Piezoceramics

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics of (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-BaTiO3(BNT-BT) were prepared by the conventional piezoelectric ceramic preparation technique (free air atmosphere sintering). The influence of BaTiO3 additive amount and La2O3 additive amount on the properties of BNT-BT lead-free piezoceramics were investigated. The results show that the dielectric constant(ε) and piezoelectric strain constant(d33) of materials start increasing and then decreasing while BaTiO3 additive amount increasing, the e and d33 of materials have maximum value (ε= 1650, d33 = 120 PC·N -1 ) while x (BaTiO3) =0.06 mol. Theεand d33 of materials start increasing and then decreasing while La2O3 additive amount increasing, the e and d33 of materials have maximum value (ε= 1684, d33 = 153 PC·N-1) while w(La2O3) =0.3% . The influence of La2O3 additive amount on the microstructure of BNT-BT piezoelectric ceramics was analysed by SEM( scanning electron microscope). The influence mechanism of La2O3 additive amount on the properties of BNT-BT piezoelectric ceramics was discussed. The BNT-BT ceramics with optimum comprehensive properties were obtained.

Ceramic Supported PDMS and PEGDA Composite Membranes for CO2 Separation

Composite membranes have attracted increasing attentions owing to their potential applications for CO2 separation. In this work, ceramic supported polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS） and poly （ethylene glycol） diacrylate （PEGDA） composite membranes were prepared. The microstructure and physicochemical properties of the compos- ite membranes were characterized. Preparation conditions were systematically optimized. The gas separation performance of the as-prepared membranes was studied by pure gas and binary gas permeation measurement of CO〉 N2 and H〉 Experiments showed that PDMS, as silicone rubber, exhibited larger permeance and lower separation factors. Conversely, PEGDA composite membrane presented smaller gas permeance but higher ideal selectivity for CO2/N2. Compared to the performance of those membranes using polymeric supports or freestanding membranes, the two kinds of ceramic supported composite membranes exhibited higher gas permeance and acceptable selectivity. Therefore, the ceramic supported composite membrane can be expected as a candidate for CO2 separation from light gases.

Preparation of Crack-free 3Y-TZP/Al_2O_3 Composite Ceramic Fiber by Electrolysis-sol-gel Method

Polycrystalline 3Y-TZP/Al2O3 tetragonal zirconia fiber was obtained by the pyrolysis of gel fibers using zirconium oxychloride octahydrate（ZOC） as the raw material. The spinnable zirconia sol was prepared by electrolyzing the zirco-nium oxychloride octahydrate（ZOC） solution in the presence of acetic acid and sugar（ sucrose, glucrose or fructose） , in which the molar ratios of CH3 COOH/ZOC and sugar/ZOC were 1.0-4.0 and 0.2-0.4, respectively. The pre- pared tetragonal zireonia fibers sintered at different temperatures showed smooth and crack-free surfaces with diame, ters of 5-10 μm. The addition of Al2O3 enhanced the sintering process and prevented the crystals from growing. Thermogravimetric analysis（TG）, X-ray diffraction （ XRD ）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, and scanning electron microscope（SEM） techniques were used to characterize the prepared fibers.

Improvement in collapsibility of ZrO2 ceramic mould for investment casting of TiAl alloys

Investment casting has been widely recognized as the best option in producing TiAl components with key benefits of accuracy,versatility and integrity.The collapsibility of ceramic moulds for investment casting is critical in the manufacturing process of TiAl components due to TiAl's intrinsic brittleness at room temperature.The aim of the present research is to provide a method for production of TiAl components by investment casting in ZrO2 ceramic moulds with improved collapsibility.Slurries prepared with high polymer additions were utilized during the preparation of ceramic moulds.The stress/strain curves obtained from green and baked ceramic moulds demonstrate that the green strength was increased with the application of high polymer,while baked strength decreased,thus the collapsibility of ceramic moulds was improved.It is suggested that this result is related to the burn-out of high polymer which left a lot of cavities.The experimental findings were also verified by the investment casting of "I"-shaped TiAl components.

Microstructure and electrical properties of Lu_2O_3-doped ZnO-Bi_2O_3-based varistor ceramics

Lu2O3-doped ZnO-Bi2O3-based varistor ceramics samples were prepared by a conventional mixed oxide route and sintered at temperatures in the range of 900-1 000°C,and the microstructures of the varistor ceramics samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM);at the same time,the electrical properties and V-I characteristics of the varistor ceramics samples were investigated by a DC parameter instrument for varistors.The results show that the ZnO-Bi2O3-based varistor ceramics with 0.3%Lu2O3(molar fraction)sintered at 950°C exhibit comparatively ideal comprehensive electrical properties.The XRD analysis of the samples shows the presence of ZnO,Bi-rich,spinel Zn7Sb2O12 and Lu2O3-based phases.

THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF Li_2O-Al_2O_3-SiO_2LOW EXPANSION GLASS CERAMICS CONTAINING B_2O_3

Through measuring the coefficient of linear expansion, the structure and properties of the Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 low expansion glass ceramics containing B2O3 are studied by JR and XRD. It is shoutn that the IR method is efficient in the study of the glass-ceramics structure. There is a " Boron abnormality" in the system which has an important influence on the properties of the glass-ceramics.

Fabrication of ultrahigh density ZnO-Al_2O_3 ceramic composites by slip casting

The conditions of ZnO-Al2O3 aqueous suspensions and slip casting were optimized to obtain dense green compacts and further to obtain high density ZnO-Al2O3 ceramic composites.The Zeta potential of raw powders was measured.ZnO and Al2O3 powders have lower Zeta potential than-45 mV commonly at pH 8-10.3 with polyacrylic acid(PAA)added.The influence of pH and the mass fraction of the additives on the stability and fluidity of the suspensions added with PAA and polyethylene glycol(PEG) was investigated by experiments of viscosity and sedimentation.The suspensions have the lowest viscosity and the best stability at pH 9 with 0.2%PAA(mass fraction).The maximum density of green compacts is 66.6%of theoretical density(TD)with compacting and homogeneous green particles.An ultrahigh density sintered compact(>99.6%TD)could be obtained after pressureless sintering at 1 400℃for 2 h.

Influence of Composition on Properties of Medium Temperature Sintering (Ba,Sr)TiO_3 Series Capacitor Ceramics

The influence of the composition （Yb2O3, MgO, CeO2, Li2CO3） on the dielectric properties of medium temperature sintering （Ba, Sr）TiO3 （BST） series capacitor ceramics was investigated by means of conventional technology process and orthogonal design experiments. The major secondary influencing factors and the influencing tendency of various factor＇s levels for the dielectric properties of BST ceramics were obtained. The optimum formula for maximum dielectric constant （ε） and for minimum dielectric loss （tanδ） was obtained under the experimental conditions. The BST ceramics with optimum comprehensive properties was obtained by means of orthogonal design experiments, with the sintering temperature at 1200 ℃, the dielectric constant 5239, the dielectric loss 0.0097, withstand electric voltage over 6 MV·m^-1, capacitance temperature changing ence of various components on the providing the basis for preparation rate （△C/C） - 75.67%, and suited for Y5V character. The mechanism of the infludielectric properties of medium temperature sintering BST ceramics was studied, thus of multilayer capacitor ceramics and single-chip capacitor ceramics.