A Method to Improve Photographing Function of Common Digital Camera to Small Flowers and Fruits

[ Objective] The aim of this study was to solve the problem of photographing small flowers and fruits with a common digital camera in field. [Method] Firstly, the photographic mode of a common digital camera was set as ＂macro＂ （or ＂soft snap＂ ） and ＂flash off＂. Secondly, the small flower or fruit was magnified with a magnifying glass, and then the magnified flower or fruit was automatically focused with the digital camera lens. After automatic focusing, the shutter button was pressed and the photograph finished. [Result] With this method, the clear inflo- rescence or floral photographs of Eragrostis pilosa （ Gramineae ） , Bidens biternata （Compositae） and Tribulus terrester （Zygophllaceae） were obtained in field. [ Conclusion] The optical system of a digital camera has been changed by the magnifying glass, which improves the photographic function of a common digital camera to small flowers and fruits, and also easily gets their clear photographs.

Imaging simulation and analysis of attitude jitter effect on topographic mapping for lunar orbiter stereo optical cameras

The geometric accuracy of topographic mapping with high-resolution remote sensing images is inevita-bly affected by the orbiter attitude jitter.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct preliminary research on the stereo mapping camera equipped on lunar orbiter before launching.In this work,an imaging simulation method consid-ering the attitude jitter is presented.The impact analysis of different attitude jitter on terrain undulation is conduct-ed by simulating jitter at three attitude angles,respectively.The proposed simulation method is based on the rigor-ous sensor model,using the lunar digital elevation model(DEM)and orthoimage as reference data.The orbit and attitude of the lunar stereo mapping camera are simulated while considering the attitude jitter.Two-dimensional simulated stereo images are generated according to the position and attitude of the orbiter in a given orbit.Experi-mental analyses were conducted by the DEM with the simulated stereo image.The simulation imaging results demonstrate that the proposed method can ensure imaging efficiency without losing the accuracy of topographic mapping.The effect of attitude jitter on the stereo mapping accuracy of the simulated images was analyzed through a DEM comparison.

Estimation of Fractional Vegetation Cover Based on Digital Camera Survey Data and a Remote Sensing Model

The objective of this paper is to improve the monitoring speed and precision of fractional vegetation cover (fc). It mainly focuses on fc estimation when fcmax and fcmin are not approximately equal to 100% and 0%, respectively due to using remote sensing image with medium or low spatial resolution. Meanwhile, we present a new method of fc estimation based on a random set of fc maximum and minimum values from digital camera (DC) survey data and a di- midiate pixel model. The results show that this is a convenient, efficient and accurate method for fc monitoring, with the maximum error -0.172 and correlation coefficient of 0.974 between DC survey data and the estimated value of the remote sensing model. The remaining DC survey data can be used as verification data for the precision of the fc estimation. In general, the estimation of fc based on DC survey data and a remote sensing model is a brand-new development trend and deserves further extensive utilization.

Positioning of Screw Holes Group Based on Digital Camera and Digital Control Drilling

Positioning of screw holes is an important production procedure for steel construction connecting with bolts. In this paper, a new production method is presented, in which the digital camera is used for taking pictures of screw holes and other techniques are advanced. This paper also indicates that the pixels of CCD chip in photogrammetry should be chosen as all geometric units in an image, such as interior elements and all kinds of distortions. The measure can also simplify the camera calibration for determining the size of non-square pixel.

New Mode in Parasites Experimental Teaching --Application and Experience of Interactive Teaching with Digital Microscope System

In order to improve the parasites experimental teaching quality, Digital Microscope System is used to replace the ordinary optical microscope in the teaching of eggs, imagoes, and tissue slices. The new model of experimental teaching, integrating modem information technology into the parasite experimental teaching, gives full play to the students＇ learning enthusiasm, initiative and creativity and improves the quality of experimental teaching. And at the same time, it provides a basis for the microbiological and pathological experimental teaching reform.

Investigating microscopic seepage characteristics and fracture effectiveness of tight sandstones:a digital core approach

Microscopic seepage characteristics are critical for the evaluation of tight sandstone reservoirs.In this study,a digital core approach integrating microscopic seepage simulation and CT scanning was developed to characterize microscopic seepage and fracture effectiveness(the ratio of micro-fractures that contributes to fluid flow)of tight sandstones.Numerical simulations were carried out for characterizations of tight sandstones.The results show that the axial permeability of the investigated cylindrical tight sandstone from Junggar Basin in China is 0.460μm~2,while the radial permeability is 0.3723μm~2,and the axial and radial effective fracture ratios are 0.4387 and 0.4806,respectively,indicating that cracks are not fully developed and the connectivity between micro-cracks is poor.Directional permeability that is difficult to measure by laboratory experiments can be obtained readily using the proposed method in this paper.The results provide important information for improving the exploration and development of tight sandstone reservoirs.

Evaluation of the Anterior Chamber Angle Structures in Perinatal Infants Using a Wide-Field Digital Fundus Camera

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the ability of a digital fundus camera to observe the development of the anterior chamber angle(ACA)in premature infants.Methods Forty-eight eyes of preterm infants(n=48)were examined by a digital fundus camera to observe the development of the ACA.ACA grading was performed based on the visualization of the anterior chamber structures according to the Scheie Angle Depth Evaluating System.Results ACA images from all 48 infants were successfully acquired using RetCam3.The corrected gestational age ranged from 30 weeks to 49 weeks,which covered the period from 2 months preterm to>2 months post-term.As the corrected gestational age increased,the corrected gestational age grading was significantly decreased.The mean corrected gestational ages of the infants corresponding to the ACA classification from grade IV to grade 0 were 32.75±1.89,37.20±1.30,39.75±2.38,40.56±2.24,and 44.23±2.14 weeks,respectively,which were all significantly different(P<0.05).The regression analysis showed a linear correlation between the grading of the ACA and the corrected gestational age(R2=0.724,P=0.0001).Conclusion The ACA of a full-term newborn can be fully detected and evaluated by a digital fundus camera.For premature infants,part of the ACA is not visible physiologically;however,it should not be misdiagnosed as angle closure or a narrow angle.

Enhancement of Frame-rate Using Digital Camera

Frame rate is corresponding to the temporal resolution and the number of the pixels of the picture is corresponding to the spatial resolution. They are both very important for the researchers. The ideal image analysis and processing system should have high spatiotemporal characteristics, which is much expensive in practical use. A new method to enhance dynamic frame rate using multi-digital camera(DC) is proposed and the result shows that it could increase the frame rate effectively and decreases the cost in practical use.

Spectral Measurement of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma by Means of Digital Camera

A digital camera measuring system has been used successfully to measure the space fluctuation behaviors of Induced Dielectric Barrier Discharge (IDBD) plasma at atmospheric pres- sure. The experimental results showed that: (1) The uniformity of electron temperature in space depends on discharge condition and structure of web electrode. For a certain web electrode the higher the discharge voltage is, the more uniform distribution of electron temperature in space will be. For a certain discharge the finer and denser the holes on web electrode are, the more uniform distribution of electron temperature in space will be (2). Digital camera is an available equipment to measure some behaviors of the plasma working at atmospheric pressure.

1分钟,给你的相片做美容——Digital Camera Tools合家欢

用数码相机拍得的相片,在保存和网络传输方面有不容置疑的优越性,因此越来越多的人开始使用数码相机。但是我们不得不承认,它在成像质量方面还不能完全替代传统的相机。在你的数码像册里有没有一些太亮、太暗或者有杂点的问题照片呢?不要以为它们没救了哦,看了今天介绍的方法你就会知道,其实要给它们做美容一点都不难,只要一分钟就可以让你的相片白净又明亮! 咱们要用的这一系列美容工具叫做:Digital camera Tools(本文介绍的软件都可在http://www.mediachance.com/digicam/下载),这些简单又实用的小工具基本上可以解决数码相片中存在的大部分常见问题,比如:偏色、亮度不正常、有杂点等,对传统相片中的类似问题也有一定的作用。每一种工具都有它的适用范围,如果你的照片不在其适用范围之内,或者原本就拍得不错的话,那你可能就看不到太大的差别哦!

Digital Camera影像视觉牵手搜狐举办中国首届无人机摄影大赛获奖作品选登

ANDERS ANDERSSON_海外组一等奖我想一直想用无人机拍这样的自拍照片,于是邀请了我的邻居朋友Tobias在瑞典Ljungby的一个社区摆出这样的姿势。我们在泳池开放时间提前一个小时到达,大概半个小时后完成了拍摄。我也很想在泳池里人多的时候拍,但是考虑到会有一定的危险就没有实行。"

基于DSP+FPGA的Camera Link接口相机的图像处理平台设计

以FPGA和DSP为中心,设计实现了Camera Link接口相机的数字图像数据的VGA和PAL双制显示,解决了数字图像数据由FPGA与DSP之间高速、大数据量的实时传输。DSP对数据进行实时处理后,经千兆网络向控制计算机终端传输图像数据,解决了相机数据传输距离的限制,拓展了高速网络相机的应用范围。

基于异步FIFO的Camera Link数字图像光纤传输技术

为满足数字图像的远距离传输需求,设计用于传输Camera Link接口数字图像的光纤通讯系统。系统分为发送和接收两个部分,分别负责Camera Link数字图像到光信号的转化以及相应的逆变换过程。采用Cyclone I EP1C12 FPGA作为发送和接收板卡的逻辑控制核心。在发送板卡的FPGA内设计逻辑控制模块,操纵两个异步FIFO(先入先出队列),将接收到的数字图像缓存,用本地时钟读取后再进行串行化转换。在不改变数字图像时序关系的前提下,用本地时钟替换原有的像素时钟,消除像素时钟不稳定性对后续传输影响。实验表明,利用该技术可以有效提升光纤传输系统的适应性、稳定性,改善、消除由像素时钟抖动造成的传输图像抖动现象。

基于Photoshop Camera Raw插件的数码照片后期处理案例分析

Camera Raw插件自Photoshop CS4版本之后就附加在软件中,这大大方便了数码照片的后期处理。文章使用Photoshop CS6,通过实例展示Camera Raw插件调整JPEG格式照片的强大功能。

漫谈一款照相、摄像两用高清数码照相机(三洋Xacti HD Dual Camera VPC-CG10型)的功能特性

本文较详细地介绍了一款照相、摄像两用高清数码照相机(三洋Xacti HD Dual Camera VPC-CG10型)的性能特性。与其它有关照相机和摄像机相比较,其在许多功能上有其独到之处,更适用于普通家庭和广大摄影爱好者使用。

A Model for Estimating Total Forest Coverage with Ground-Based Digital Photography

Vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) is one of the key indicators of vegetation distribution. In the work a measurement-based model was developed to derive total forest VFC (TG) as well as the VFC of trees (T) and shrub-grasses (G) separately in a subtropical forest area in Nanjing, China. Both upward and downward photographs were taken with a digital camera in 72 quadrats (10 m × 10 m each). Fifteen models were established and validated. Models jointly using both T and G performed better than those using the T and G separately. The best model, TG = T + G- 1.134 × T × G- 0.025 (R2 = 0.9115, P < 0.01, root mean squared error = 0.0789), is recommended for application. This model provides a good way to obtain total forest VFC values through taking tree and shrub-grass photos on ground below tree canopy rather than above tree canopy.

Predicting the excavation damaged zone within brittle surrounding rock masses of deep underground caverns using a comprehensive approach integrating in situ measurements and numerical analysis

Excavation Damaged Zone(EDZ)scope is important for optimizing excavation and support schemes in deep underground caverns.However,accurately predicting the full EDZ scope within the surrounding rock masses of deep underground caverns during excavation remains a pressing problem.This study presents a comprehensive EDZ scope prediction approach(CESPA)for the brittle surrounding rock masses of deep underground caverns by coupling numerical simulation with quantitative analysis of borehole wall images and ultrasonic test results.First,the changes in both P-velocity(V_(p))and joint distribution of the surrounding rock masses before and after excavation damage are captured using ultrasonic tests and borehole digital cameras.Second,the quality Q-parameters of the surrounding rock mass before and after excavation damage are preliminarily rated with the rock mass descriptions provided by borehole wall images,and the rock mass V_(p)-parameter values are determined according to the V_(p)-borehole depth curves.Third,the Q-parameter ratings are further finely adjusted by updating the related Q-values to be similar with the Q-values estimated by V_(p)-parameter values.Fourth,the initial and residual mechanical parameters for the rock mass deterioration model(RDM)are estimated by the adjusted Q-parameter ratings based on the modified Q-based relations,and the elastic modulus deterioration index(EDI)threshold to describe the EDZ boundary is determined with the V_(p)-parameter values.Finally,EDZ scope is predicted using the elastoplastic numerical simulation with RDM and EDI based on the mechanical parameter estimates and EDI threshold.Analyses of applications in Sub-lab D1 in Jinping II project show that CESPA can provide a reliable and operable solution for predicting full EDZ scopes within the brittle surrounding rock masses of deep underground caverns.

基于RGB和CIELab预测紫苏叶片花青素含量

为推进富含花青素的紫苏品种选育,指导逆境胁迫下的紫苏生产管理,以紫苏为研究对象,采集田间叶片并使用数码相机拍照,结合红绿蓝色彩空间(red green blue color space,RGB)和CIELab色彩空间(CIELab color space)2种图像色彩分析手段处理图片,与叶片花青素含量进行相关性和显著性分析,筛选出相关系数较高的色彩参数,建立单变量回归反演模型,最终综合建模得到预测效果最优的紫苏叶片花青素含量预测模型。结果表明,在RGB色彩空间中,红光标准化值(normalized redness intensity,NRI)、绿光标准化值(normalized greenness intensity,NGI)与花青素含量呈极显著相关,其中NGI的相关系数大于NRI。当叶片正反面色彩贡献比为2∶1时,NGI与花青素含量的相关性最大,相关系数为0.8532。对比不同模型发现,以NGI为自变量建立的指数模型拟合效果最好,相关系数为0.8381,决定系数(R^(2))达0.7550。在CIELab色彩空间中,红度(a^(*))与花青素含量的相关性最好,且相关系数同样在叶片正反面色彩贡献比为2∶1时达最大,为0.7356。基于a^(*)建立的幂模型拟合效果最好,相关系数和R^(2)分别为0.7438和0.6798。分别使用NGI模型和a^(*)模型对叶片花青素含量进行估测,验证后发现a^(*)模型的预测效果更好,准确性和稳定性更高,因此以a^(*)模型为预测紫苏叶片花青素含量的最优模型。