Deformation critical threshold estimation of Xiaowan ultrahigh arch dam with time-varying grey model

The structural behavior of the Xiaowan ultrahigh arch dam is primarily influenced by external loads and time-varying characteristics of dam concrete and foundation rock mass during long-term operation. According to overload testing with a geological model and the measured time series of installed perpendicular lines, the space and time evolution characteristics of the arch dam structure were analyzed, and its mechanical performance was evaluated. Subsequently, the deformation centroid of the deflective curve was suggested to indicate the magnitude and unique distribution rules for a typical dam section using the measured deformation values at multi-monitoring points. The ellipse equations of the critical ellipsoid for the centroid were derived from the historical measured time series. Hydrostatic and seasonal components were extracted from the measured deformation values with a traditional statistical model, and residuals were adopted as a grey component. A time-varying grey model was developed to accurately predict the evolution of the deformation behavior of the ultrahigh arch dam during future operation. In the developed model, constant coefficients were modified so as to be time-dependent functions, and the prediction accuracy was significantly improved through introduction of a forgetting factor. Finally, the critical threshold was estimated, and predicted ellipsoids were derived for the Xiaowan arch dam. The findings of this study can provide technical support for safety evaluation of the actual operation of ultrahigh arch dams and help to provide early warning of abnormal changes.

The English-Chinese Translation Research of Divided We Stand from the Perspective of Translator Behavior Criticism

The paper is designed to research the translation practice of Divided We Stand from the perspective of Translator Behavior Criticism.Thus,the paper uses the tools of degree of truth-seeking,degree of utility and degree of rationality under the macro-guidance of Truth-seeking-Utility-attaining evaluative model of continuum.Specifically from the perspective of intra-translation,extra-translation and non-translation,the paper research and evaluate the translation practice.

Influence of Inhomogeneity on Critical Behavior of Earthquake Model on Random Graph

We consider the earthquake model on a random graph. A detailed analysis of the probability distribution of the size of the avalanches will be given. The model with different inhomogeneities is studied in order to compare the critical behavior of different systems. The results indicate that with the increase of the inhomogeneities, the avalanche exponents reduce, i.e., the different numbers of defects cause different critical behaviors of the system. This is virtually ascribed to the dynamical perturbation.

Critical Behavior of the Energy Gap and Its Relation with the Berry Phase Close to the Excited State Quantum Phase Transition in the Lipkin Model

In our previous work [Phys. Rev. A 85 （2012） 044102], we studied the Berry phase of the ground state and exited states in the Lipkin model. In this work, using the Hellmann-Feynman theorem, we derive the relation between the energy gap and the Berry phase closed to the excited state quantum phase transition （ESQPT） in the Lipkin model. It is found that the energy gap is approximately linearly dependent on the Berry phase being closed to the ESQPT for large N. As a result, the critical behavior of the energy gap is similar to that of the Berry phase. In addition, we also perform a semiclassical qualitative analysis about the critical behavior of the energy gap.

CRITICAL BEHAVIOR OF S -3/2 ISING MODEL IN RANDOM LONGITUDINAL AND TRANSVERSE FIELDS

The phase diagrams and the other crtical properties of S-3/2 Ising model in random longitudinal and transverse fields(RLIM) are dicussed with the approximate scheme combined by mean-field renormalization group theory(MFRG) and the discretized path-integral representation(DPIR).

Finite-Size Scaling Analysis of a Three-Dimensional Blume-Capel Model in the Presence of External Magnetic Field

The Blume-Capel model in the presence of external magnetic field H has been simulated using a cellular automaton algorithm improved from the Creutz cellular automaton in three-dimension lattice. The field critical exponent 5 is estimated using the power law relations and the finite size scaling functions for the magnetization and the susceptibility in the range -0.1≤ h = H/J ≤0. The estimated value of the field critical exponent 5 is in good agreement with the universal value （δ = 5） in three dimensions. The simulations are carried out on a simple cubic lattice under periodic boundary conditions.

Criticality in Two-Variable Earthquake Model on a Random Graph

A two-variable earthquake model on a quenched random graph is established here. It can be seen as a generalization of the OFC models. We numerically study the critical behavior of the model when the system is nonconservative： the result indicates that the model exhibits self-organized criticality deep within the nonconservative regime. The probability distribution for avalanche size obeys finite size scaling. We compare our mode/with the mode/ introduced by Stefano Lise and Maya Paczuski [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 （2002） 228301], it is proved that they are not in the same universality class.

译者行为批评理论的称谓问题——答研究者(之四)

本文探讨并回答了研究者诸多关于译者行为批评理论的称谓问题,包括:为什么“译者行为批评”英译为translator behavior criticism,而“译者行为”却多用translator's behavior?为什么“行为”用behavior而不用action或act?为什么将“译者行为批评”称为“理论”而不能称为“观念”?为什么“译者行为研究”能够成为翻译理论话语?为什么“务实”是术语而“超务实”不是术语?“超务实”在什么情况下有可能成为术语?等等。理论创建者应及时梳理问题、及时释疑,这有助于理论和研究的健康发展。

《儒林外史》节译本汉语乡土语言英译群体的译者行为比较研究

汉语乡土语言土味浓郁,蕴含着丰富的中华文化意象和异质成分,具有鲜明的中华文化特色和民族风格。本文梳理了《儒林外史》三个典型的华人离散译者节译本中的乡土语言英译文,分析其乡土语言英译策略的异同。基于译者行为批评理论,探究这一群体乡土语言英译的译者行为及其动因,以期为“中国文化走出去”大背景下的中国文学外译,尤其是乡土语言的英译理论和实践提供一些参考。

毛泽东《清平乐·六盘山》译者群体行为研究

20世纪50年代末,毛泽东诗词被译成多种文字在全世界广泛传播,涌现出不同的译者群体。然而,译者作为翻译的主体,却一直未受到足够的重视。本文以译者行为批评理论为指导,聚焦毛泽东《清平乐·六盘山》一词,将翻译此词的译者视为同一译者群体,从翻译外和翻译内两个层次出发,全面地、客观地分析同一译者群体的不同译者在两个翻译层次上行为的共性和个性,从而提升这一理论的实践指导价值,以进一步指导和阐释翻译实践。

汉语乡土语言英译的人本路径——兼论《汉语乡土语言英译行为批评研究》

新时期中国文学和文化的对外传播离不开翻译的独特作用,作为中国乡土文学外译的重要组成部分,汉语乡土语言及其翻译活动逐渐受到学界关注,但目前该领域相关研究较为零散,缺乏系统性的理论思考和应用探索。针对此现状,本文结合周领顺等著《汉语乡土语言英译行为批评研究》中所使用的译者行为批评理论与汉语乡土语言英译实践素材,从研究对象的厘定、研究方法的应用、研究思路的确立以及研究结论的归纳四个方面探索汉语乡土语言翻译研究的人本路径,为中国乡土文学外译活动及研究提供镜鉴。

求真与务实并举:美国汉学家艾思柯英译李清照诗词译者行为研究

20世纪30年代,美国汉学家艾思柯在《中国女性今与昔》(Chinese Women Yesterday and Today)一书中对李清照进行了介绍和作品翻译,从翻译史来看,这是美国汉学家首次对李清照进行译介。从英语世界读者反应来看,此次译介意义重大。本文借助译者行为批评理论,从“文本—行为—社会”维度,对其译者行为进行探究。研究发现艾思柯译介李清照是出于向西方读者介绍中国女性的务实动机,艾思柯对李清照的译介秉持务实原则的同时也尽力求真,形式的保留、文化内容的显化以及诗境的再现,都使得译文最大程度地还原原文。不仅如此,艾思柯还利用丰厚的副文本力求李清照女性形象之真。

译者行为批评的国家视点

“国家翻译实践”概念体系的提出为译者行为批评提供了“国家”视点。国家翻译实践是一国翻译实践史之主流,因此有必要从国家视点出发,对译者行为进行考察。本文通过对翻译史上玄奘译经等翻译实践的再检视发现,翻译可以上升为“国家行为”,既是语际实践,也是话语实践和政治实践。国家视点的译者主体可扩展为“国家—机构—译者共同体—个体译者”多位一体,译者属性与类型呈现出三维特征。国家视点的译者行为是以国家利益和国家价值的实现为导向的行为,个体译者行为与译者共同体行为的互动关系体现了“国家—共同体—个体译者”意志体间的密切联系。在文本、语言、行为和社会之外,引入国家视点,构建“语言—社会—国家”三维一体的译者行为批评模式,可为译者主体性研究和译者行为批评带来新启发,更好地实现国家翻译实践理论的批评功能。

邓恩《跳蚤》译者行为研究

傅浩、吴笛和李正栓对邓恩诗歌的翻译与传播作出了积极贡献。傅译偏向“求真”,注重原文再现。吴译和李译则偏向“务实”,注重读者阅读体验,仿佛作者本人在用中文创作。译者行为理论能够推动译者承担“求真”“务实”的双重责任,找到能应用于翻译实践的平衡点。

诗歌创作影响下的张错诗歌自译之译者行为研究

张错兼具华人离散诗人和离散译者的双重身份,其诗歌创作与诗歌自译均反映出华人离散群体的文化寻根和思乡之情。从张错创作的代表性诗集《飘泊》(1991)中选取代表性诗歌与其自译诗集Drifting(2001)中的对应英译诗进行对比研究。发现张错的诗歌创作对其自译之译者行为产生了较大影响:自译诗歌沿袭了抒发诗人家国之思与中国古典情结的诗歌创作主题;但在自译中,为了再现原诗意义,又便于读者理解原诗中的中华文化,同时靠近当时的北美诗学形式,张错采取了语义翻译与交际翻译结合的方法。张错的诗歌自译之译者行为整体上表现为“求真”与“务实”兼顾。

译者行为批评视域下儒家典籍德育思想英译研究——以国学漫画《菜根谭》英译本为例

以国学漫画《菜根谭》柏啸虎(Brain Bruya)英译本为例,对其中的儒家德育思想进行分类划分,并从译者行为批评的“求真—务实”连续统评价模式出发,从行文结构和词汇上评析译者在国学漫画《菜根谭》英译中有关德育思想的翻译行为,即翻译策略的使用。研究结果发现,译者在翻译过程中的翻译行为倾向于社会“务实”,多采用直译、解释译法,力求译文在语义求真基础上实现社会务实,最大程度上考虑目的语读者的阅读体验和其背后的社会文化因素;译者的社会“务实”翻译行为能更好地助力饱含中华传统文化内涵的国学漫画作品走出国门。

秦腔英译剧本中译者行为的“求真”与“务实”性研究

以译者行为批评理论为指导,以其理论核心“求真-务实译者行为连续统”评价模式为理论工具,探讨秦腔英译剧本中译者行为的“求真”与“务实”性。研究发现,现有秦腔英译剧本无论是在微观词汇层面,还是在唱段语篇整体上,都体现出译者不同程度的“求真”与“务实”倾向。现有秦腔英译剧本虽有误译且未达到最好的“求真”与“务实”平衡,但从整体上看英译剧本译文从不同程度上体现出译者求内容,风格以及意义之真,务社会、传播、读者以及市场之实。这种“求真”和“务实”性的平衡与整合,能为秦腔艺术在国际传播中的翻译工作提供有益的启示和参考,促进秦腔戏曲文化“走出去”。

“四层学习身份模型”下中医英译思辨能力培养的教学建议

中医英译对中医跨文化传播具有重要意义,然而当前课程教学对学生思辨能力的培养有待提升。文章从思辨能力培养的“四层身份模型”理论框架入手,提出思辨材料准备、课堂思辨教学活动、教学评价和课后思辨反思四个阶段的建议,探讨启发学生对现有中医英译文、译法策略进行批判性思考。

译者行为批评理论及其应用问题——答研究者(之三)

本文基于姜淑芹教授和王峰教授之问,回答了涉及译者行为批评理论及其应用研究的三类代表性问题。第一类问题涉及理论基本概念的辨析,第二类问题涉及研究中核心指标的量化,第三类问题涉及译者行为理论与研究的关系。这些问题均指向研究的进一步细化,关乎理论的进一步发展。理论构建者有必要及时释疑,以使理论及其应用研究得到更加健康的发展。

译者行为批评视域下乡土小说《城南旧事》中文化专有项翻译研究

中国台湾作家林海音著《城南旧事》为二十世纪怀乡文学经典之作。基于艾克西拉对文化专有项的定义及11条翻译策略的归纳,结合奈达的文化分类,检索并分析《城南旧事》英译本中文化专有项的翻译策略使用频次与频率,在译者行为批评的视域下探究译者行为。研究发现,477条文化专有项的翻译策略中绝对一般化、语言翻译法的频率最高,以异化策略保留40%以上的文化因素。在译者行为批评的视域下,殷张兰熙与齐邦媛的译者行为以务实性求真为主,传递文化脉络的同时兼顾社会需求,寻求双向文化系统下的和而不同。