Decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor（BDNF） plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer＇s disease, and a typical pathological change in Alzheimer＇s disease is neurofibrillary tangl...Decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor（BDNF） plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer＇s disease, and a typical pathological change in Alzheimer＇s disease is neurofibrillary tangles caused by hyperphosphorylation of tau. An in vivo model of Alzheimer＇s disease was developed by injecting okadaic acid（2 μL） and exogenous BDNF（2 μL） into the hippocampi of adult male Wister rats. Spatial learning and memory abilities were assessed using the Morris water maze. The expression levels of protein phosphatase 2 A（PP2 A）, PP2 Ac-Yp307, p-tau（Thr231）, and p-tau（Ser396/404） were detected by western blot assay. The expression levels of BDNF, TrkB, and synaptophysin mRNA were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our results indicated that BDNF expression was suppressed in the hippocampus of OA-treated rats, which resulted in learning and memory deficits. Intra-hippocampal injection of BDNF attenuated this OA-induced cognitive impairment. Finally, our findings indicated an involvement of the PI3 K/GSK-3β/AKT pathway in the mechanism of BDNF in regulating cognitive function. These results indicate that BDNF has beneficial effect on Alzheimer＇s disease, and highlight the potential of BDNF as a drug target for treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease.展开更多
以索氏抽提的瓜蒌籽油为原料,测定其酸值、碘值和皂化值。分别采用酸催化法、碱催化法和BF3催化法对瓜蒌籽油进行甲酯化处理,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析其脂肪酸中十八碳三烯酸的种类和含量。结果表明:瓜蒌籽油酸值为0.51 mg KOH/g,...以索氏抽提的瓜蒌籽油为原料,测定其酸值、碘值和皂化值。分别采用酸催化法、碱催化法和BF3催化法对瓜蒌籽油进行甲酯化处理,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析其脂肪酸中十八碳三烯酸的种类和含量。结果表明:瓜蒌籽油酸值为0.51 mg KOH/g,碘值为1.3398 g I2/g,皂化值为1.9143 g KOH/g。酸催化法鉴定出5种十八碳三烯酸,为栝楼特征性脂肪酸-瓜蒌酸、梓树酸、α-桐酸、γ-亚麻酸和α-亚麻酸,含量分别为6.43%、9.5%、7.00%、5.82%和1.52%;碱催化法和BF3催化法均鉴定出4种,为瓜蒌酸、α-桐酸、梓树酸和α-亚麻酸,其含量分别为31.24%和27.17%、3.33%和3.56%、1.23%和2.02%和0.38%和0.78%。结论:瓜蒌籽油品质符合国家食用油标准,可进一步开发利用;碱催化甲酯化法对十八碳三烯酸的异构效应最小,更适合用于瓜蒌籽油脂肪酸分析。展开更多
To reduce their fuel related logistic burden,North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO)Armed Forces are advancing the use of a single fuel for both aircraft and ground equipment.To this end,F-34(the commercial equivalen...To reduce their fuel related logistic burden,North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO)Armed Forces are advancing the use of a single fuel for both aircraft and ground equipment.To this end,F-34(the commercial equivalent is Jet A-1)is replacing distillate diesel fuel in many applications.However,tests conducted with this kerosene type on high frequency reciprocating rig showed that this type of fuel causes unacceptable wear.This excessive wear is caused by the poor lubricity of aviation fuel.In order to make this type of fuel compatible with direct injection compression engines,seven di-carboxylic acid esters have tested to improve the lubricity of kerosene.Tribological results showed that all esters tested in this series of experiments seem to be suitable for increasing the kerosene lubricity to a satisfactory level.展开更多
目的研究强化二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)肠内营养对危重症患者营养状况的影响。方法选取重症医学科40例危重症患者分为2组,每组20例:实验组[T,105 k J(25 kcal)/kg bw肠内营养+EPA1.05g/d+DHA 0.70g/d]、对照组[C,105 k J(...目的研究强化二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)肠内营养对危重症患者营养状况的影响。方法选取重症医学科40例危重症患者分为2组,每组20例:实验组[T,105 k J(25 kcal)/kg bw肠内营养+EPA1.05g/d+DHA 0.70g/d]、对照组[C,105 k J(25 kcal)/kg bw肠内营养,不强化EPA、DHA]。连续7d后,采用生化检测法检测两组强化前后总蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白水平。另选体检健康人群为空白组[B,n=20],采用气相色谱法检测血清十八碳三烯酸(ALA)、EPA、DHA水平。结果与B组相比,T组强化前血清ALA、EPA水平均较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);强化后,ALA、EPA呈不同程度上升,DHA有一定程度下降,但无统计学差异(P>0.05)。强化前,T组与C组相比总蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白无统计学差异(P>0.05)。强化后,T组总蛋白显著上升(P<0.01),白蛋白、血红蛋白略有下降,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);C组总蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白均显著下降(P<0.01)。结论强化EPA、DHA肠内营养可能有助于改善危重症患者营养状况,对疾病预后起到一定的积极作用。展开更多
Xiao-xu-ming decoction(XXMD)is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used to treat theoplegia and its sequelae.This paper reports the development of three separate assays based on reversed phase high-per...Xiao-xu-ming decoction(XXMD)is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used to treat theoplegia and its sequelae.This paper reports the development of three separate assays based on reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(HPLC–MS)and HPLC–MS/MS for the determination of seven active constituents of XXMD viz oroxylin A-7-O-glucuronide,wogonoside,liquiritigenin,cimifugin,5-O-methylvisammiol,glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid in rat plasma.All calibration curves were linear(r >0.99)with lower limits of quantitation(LLOQs)<12.4 ng/mL.Intra-and inter-day precisions(as relative standard deviation)were all <10.7% with recoveries in the range of 88.7–113%.In addition,the seven analytes were shown to be stable in rat plasma samples under relevant storage conditions.The validated methods were successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rat after oral administration of XXMD.展开更多
文摘Decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor（BDNF） plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer＇s disease, and a typical pathological change in Alzheimer＇s disease is neurofibrillary tangles caused by hyperphosphorylation of tau. An in vivo model of Alzheimer＇s disease was developed by injecting okadaic acid（2 μL） and exogenous BDNF（2 μL） into the hippocampi of adult male Wister rats. Spatial learning and memory abilities were assessed using the Morris water maze. The expression levels of protein phosphatase 2 A（PP2 A）, PP2 Ac-Yp307, p-tau（Thr231）, and p-tau（Ser396/404） were detected by western blot assay. The expression levels of BDNF, TrkB, and synaptophysin mRNA were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our results indicated that BDNF expression was suppressed in the hippocampus of OA-treated rats, which resulted in learning and memory deficits. Intra-hippocampal injection of BDNF attenuated this OA-induced cognitive impairment. Finally, our findings indicated an involvement of the PI3 K/GSK-3β/AKT pathway in the mechanism of BDNF in regulating cognitive function. These results indicate that BDNF has beneficial effect on Alzheimer＇s disease, and highlight the potential of BDNF as a drug target for treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease.
文摘以索氏抽提的瓜蒌籽油为原料,测定其酸值、碘值和皂化值。分别采用酸催化法、碱催化法和BF3催化法对瓜蒌籽油进行甲酯化处理,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析其脂肪酸中十八碳三烯酸的种类和含量。结果表明:瓜蒌籽油酸值为0.51 mg KOH/g,碘值为1.3398 g I2/g,皂化值为1.9143 g KOH/g。酸催化法鉴定出5种十八碳三烯酸,为栝楼特征性脂肪酸-瓜蒌酸、梓树酸、α-桐酸、γ-亚麻酸和α-亚麻酸,含量分别为6.43%、9.5%、7.00%、5.82%和1.52%;碱催化法和BF3催化法均鉴定出4种,为瓜蒌酸、α-桐酸、梓树酸和α-亚麻酸,其含量分别为31.24%和27.17%、3.33%和3.56%、1.23%和2.02%和0.38%和0.78%。结论:瓜蒌籽油品质符合国家食用油标准,可进一步开发利用;碱催化甲酯化法对十八碳三烯酸的异构效应最小,更适合用于瓜蒌籽油脂肪酸分析。
文摘To reduce their fuel related logistic burden,North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO)Armed Forces are advancing the use of a single fuel for both aircraft and ground equipment.To this end,F-34(the commercial equivalent is Jet A-1)is replacing distillate diesel fuel in many applications.However,tests conducted with this kerosene type on high frequency reciprocating rig showed that this type of fuel causes unacceptable wear.This excessive wear is caused by the poor lubricity of aviation fuel.In order to make this type of fuel compatible with direct injection compression engines,seven di-carboxylic acid esters have tested to improve the lubricity of kerosene.Tribological results showed that all esters tested in this series of experiments seem to be suitable for increasing the kerosene lubricity to a satisfactory level.
文摘目的研究强化二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)肠内营养对危重症患者营养状况的影响。方法选取重症医学科40例危重症患者分为2组,每组20例:实验组[T,105 k J(25 kcal)/kg bw肠内营养+EPA1.05g/d+DHA 0.70g/d]、对照组[C,105 k J(25 kcal)/kg bw肠内营养,不强化EPA、DHA]。连续7d后,采用生化检测法检测两组强化前后总蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白水平。另选体检健康人群为空白组[B,n=20],采用气相色谱法检测血清十八碳三烯酸(ALA)、EPA、DHA水平。结果与B组相比,T组强化前血清ALA、EPA水平均较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);强化后,ALA、EPA呈不同程度上升,DHA有一定程度下降,但无统计学差异(P>0.05)。强化前,T组与C组相比总蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白无统计学差异(P>0.05)。强化后,T组总蛋白显著上升(P<0.01),白蛋白、血红蛋白略有下降,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);C组总蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白均显著下降(P<0.01)。结论强化EPA、DHA肠内营养可能有助于改善危重症患者营养状况,对疾病预后起到一定的积极作用。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30630073)the Innovation Method Fund from Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2009IM031600)for financial support.
文摘Xiao-xu-ming decoction(XXMD)is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used to treat theoplegia and its sequelae.This paper reports the development of three separate assays based on reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(HPLC–MS)and HPLC–MS/MS for the determination of seven active constituents of XXMD viz oroxylin A-7-O-glucuronide,wogonoside,liquiritigenin,cimifugin,5-O-methylvisammiol,glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid in rat plasma.All calibration curves were linear(r >0.99)with lower limits of quantitation(LLOQs)<12.4 ng/mL.Intra-and inter-day precisions(as relative standard deviation)were all <10.7% with recoveries in the range of 88.7–113%.In addition,the seven analytes were shown to be stable in rat plasma samples under relevant storage conditions.The validated methods were successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rat after oral administration of XXMD.
