Problems and Countermeasures in the Cultivation of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ability among College Students in China

This article analyzes the current situation of cultivating innovation and entrepreneurship ability among college students in China.It found that the main reasons for the lack of innovation and entrepreneurship ability are from three aspects:inadequate awareness of innovation and entrepreneurship among college students;inadequate innovation and entrepreneurship ability among the team of teachers;colleges and universities lack systematic innovation and entrepreneurship courses.The discussion will be based on these three aspects from three perspectives,which include providing more practical opportunities and a good environment,building innovation and entrepreneurship tutor teams,as well as strengthening the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship courses,in order to assist in the cultivation of innovation and entrepreneurship ability among college students in China.

Research on the path of Improving College Counselors’professional ability under the background of innovation and entrepreneurship

Innovation is the first driving force leading economic and social development,and innovation and entrepreneurship education is an important engine for promoting national economic growth.At present,our country is at the critical node of comprehensively deepening reform,decisively building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way,and realizing the two centenary goals,and we must firmly grasp the initiative in economic development.College students have always been a barometer of the development of the times,and how innovative and entrepreneurial college students is related to the future and destiny of the country’s economic development.The key to the cultivation of college students’innovative and entrepreneurial ability lies in education,and the key to the effect of education lies in teachers.As an important component and supplement to the faculty of colleges and universities,counselors play a key role in the growth of college students.It can be said that the professional ability construction of college counselors is very important to the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents and cannot be replaced.From the perspective of innovation and entrepreneurship education,this article discusses the development status of domestic and foreign college counselors’professional ability construction,discusses the problems and causes of college counselors’professional ability construction,and proposes a path to optimize the professional ability construction of counselors.

Research on the Cultivation of Innovative Ability and Comprehensive Quality of International Translation Talent Serving National Strategy

Based on the value orientation of international translation talent as well as the present situation of personnel training in the context of national development strategy,this article offers a profound analysis for the talent on the training methods of innovative ability and comprehensive quality.Innovative talent that has a strong sense of social responsibility as well as the ability of directly participating in international activities should be fostered,so as to meet the need for economic developments and to better serve national economic construction.

Exploration of the Path to Improve the Innovative Quality and Ability of College and University Students

The improvement of college and university students'innovative quality and ability is necessary for colleges and universities to carry out the fundamental task of establishing moral education and cultivating innovative talents for the Party and the country.At present,there are several problems in the innovation of college and university students,including imperfect system and mechanism,incomplete integration of resources,insufficient understanding of themselves,and so on.In view of these problems,this study actively explores the path to enhance the innovative quality and ability of college and university students by improving the system and mechanism at the macro level,integrating resources to form synergy at the meso level,and motivating college and university students to engage in the process of ascending at the micro level.

Strategies for Cultivating College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurial Ability

Employment is the first priority for survival today.With the increasingly severe employment situation,the employment problem of college students has become inevitable.In recent years,with the expansion of university scale,the number of university graduates is increasing rapidly,with an imbalance in the number,structure,and social demand of talents;moreover,there are significant differences between college students'employment quality and social expectations.In order to cultivate the innovation and entrepreneurship ability of college students,this paper provides new ideas,analyzes the factors affecting the formation and development of college students'innovation and entrepreneurship ability,as well as proposes several strategies to enhance its scientificity,pertinence,and effectiveness,which are conducive to further strengthening innovation and entrepreneurship education as well as cultivating innovation and entrepreneurship talents in colleges and universities,thus providing strong support for talent training and teaching reform in colleges and universities in China.It also provides a solid foundation for China's social innovation and entrepreneurship,along with innovative and entrepreneurial services to meet the needs of society,so as to improve the success rate of entrepreneurship among college students,effectively promote entrepreneurship-driven employment,and solve the employment problems of college students,which are conducive to China's rapid transformation into an innovative country and a powerful country in terms of human resources.

Literature Reviews on Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in China

College students’innovation and entrepreneurship education has been widely concerned by the society in recent years.Many important research achievements have been made in the theory and practice of innovation and entrepreneurship.A large number of articles on innovation and entrepreneurship education in China published in academic journals in the past 20 years were analyzed.These documents from different aspects discussed the basic concept of innovation and entrepreneurship education,curriculum setting,teaching syllabus,teacher training,talent training mode,innovative thinking and entrepreneurial ability training.Using literature research method and comparative research method,this paper mainly reviews the literature on the basic connotation of innovation and entrepreneurship education for college students,the reform of talent training mode,cultivation of innovative thinking and entrepreneurial ability,so as to lay a foundation for further research on innovation and entrepreneurship education.

高校教师学术创业经历对创新创业教学效果的影响研究

从学术创业理论视角出发,通过对全国多所高校949名创新创业教师进行问卷调查,再运用结构方程模型构建并验证教师学术创业经历对创新创业教学效果的影响机理,结果表明:高校创新创业教师学术创业经历对创新创业教学效果有显著的直接正向影响,学术创业经历通过提升教学认知与能力进而积极促进教师创新创业教学效果。因此,应进一步重视和加强学术创业实践、提升教学知行水平,从而促进创新创业教学效果的提升。

高质量发展视域下高职院校创新创业教育的问题与策略

国家职业教育改革政策为高等职业教育的创新创业教育提出了新要求和新任务。本文分析了当前高职院校创新创业教育存在的突出问题,并在“双高校”建设、百万扩招、中国特色学徒制教育和劳动教育等高质量发展视角下,提出了健全创新创业教师团队、构建“项目贯穿”的专创融合课程体系、创设“产科教创”双向循环机制、加强创新创业实践等策略来提升创新创业教育的效果,以为我国高职院校创新创业教育提供参考借鉴。

培养创新创业能力的职业教育模式研究

如何更加高效地培养学生创新创业能力,探索出既不烦琐又可操作且广泛适用的职业教育模式,是现阶段各大高职院校亟须解决的重要课题。为进一步促进高职院校培养创新创业能力的职业教育模式改革与发展,对现有高职创新创业教育模式存在的弊端进行分析,提出“厚植学生创新创业观、完善高职院校创新创业教育体系、优化高职院校创新创业实践体系、建立健全创新创业能力培养评价机制”等策略,助力职业教育高质量发展,培养出理念先进、技术扎实、素养过硬的新时代复合型人才。

ChatGPT对研究生创新能力培养的价值与挑战

创新能力一直被视为人类独有的智能,但以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能产品突破了人类对机器智能的认知,也为研究生创新能力培养带来了新的价值和挑战。一方面,ChatGPT在弥补导师资源不足、强化学术指导,加速研究生创新知识习得、打破学科壁垒,引导研究问题挖掘、激发创新思维,推动研究生创新能力评价改革、容许自由探索等方面具有潜在价值。另一方面,ChatGPT也在一定程度上违反了高深知识的学习规律,使知识体系难以形成;导致教育内容亟待更新,人际互动受到冲击;引发创新能力内涵急剧变化,数字素养要求进一步提高;加剧就业风险,使学科价值需重新研判。基于此,我国需要灵活运用人工智能,完善研究生创新能力培养模式;完善研究生创新能力评价机制,营造包容的创新环境;健全数字安全法规,提升研究生数字素养;优化学科专业布局,增强研究生技能迁移能力。

城市创新创业活力与新兴产业核心技术:空间极化、规模门槛与中介效应

城市新企业、新资本和新发明涌现是孕育新兴产业核心技术的活力源泉,对加快形成新质生产力具有重要意义。利用中国城市面板数据考察创新创业活力对新兴产业核心技术的影响及作用机制。研究发现:(1)城市创新创业活力显著促进新兴产业核心技术数量提升,在考虑一系列稳健性检验后结论仍然成立。(2)创新创业活力对新兴产业核心技术活动的影响存在“边际递增”的城市规模门槛特征,而对邻近城市产生显著的抑制作用,存在“马太效应”和“虹吸效应”。(3)城市创新创业活力对新兴产业核心技术活动的影响存在区域和梯度异质性,不同地理位置和文化区的城市存在显著差异,而资源型城市、智慧城市和创新型城市的分组回归体现了梯度性特征。(4)创新创业活力通过提升城市多样性,特别是专业化部门的多样性程度,促进新兴产业核心技术数量增长。

农学类专业学生创新创业能力培养模式研究

创新创业教育旨在培养学生的创业意识、创新精神、创新创业能力,是服务于创新型国家建设的重大战略举措。乡村振兴战略的背景下,抓好创新创业教育,培养富有创新精神和实践能力的卓越农林人才是党和国家赋予全国涉农院校的重要使命。近年来,涉农院校的创新创业教育取得了一定的成效,但仍然存在创新创业教育与专业教育结合度不够、对创新创业教育认识不足、师资队伍建设不健全、创新创业实践活动重视不到位、创新创业教育环境氛围不强等问题。为此,涉农院校必须紧紧围绕新时代农学类专业人才培养目标,从课上课下同向而行、育人队伍协同联动、线上线下同步育人3个方面,不断优化和完善人才培养体系,进而推动农学类专业学生创新创业能力培养模式创新。

大学生创新创业能力培养存在的问题及路径研究

“大众创业,万众创新”的时代背景下,大学生创业问题受到了社会各界的广泛关注,成了落实国家创新发展驱动战略的重要一环。但就目前而言,大学生创新创业仍然面临着诸多主观或客观因素的影响,导致创业项目的成果产出受阻。为此,本文罗列了创新创业工作取得的一系列进展,深入分析了当前大学生创新创业存在的问题,并针对性提出了几点应对策略,为大学生创新创业能力的培养提供了借鉴参考。

基于OBE的阶梯式学生创新创业能力培养研究

为了提高学生的创新创业能力,针对培养过程中缺乏层次性、过程粗放、覆盖面不广和企业参与不足等问题,基于OBE的成果导向教育理念,研究构建“二参与—三层次—四贯通”的阶梯式创新创业能力培养体系。在培养过程中,学校、企业共同参与,贯通本科课程、教师科研课题、大学生创新创业项目和企业项目,形成具有基础实践能力培养、知识扩展能力培养及科技创新创业能力培养三层次阶梯式的培养体系,以达到OBE理念的要求,培养出更好满足社会需求的高质量应用型人才。

创新创业教育背景下的大学课程体系设立研究

创新创业教育能够培养具有创新思维和创业能力的人才,推动社会进步和发展,对大学专业课程体系设立有着重要的导向作用。首先对创新创业教育的内涵和现状进行分析,阐述我国当前在创新创业教育方面存在的不足。在此基础上,以计算机专业课程体系为例提出对策建议,详细介绍其课程体系的设立,旨在培养学生的创新精神、创业意识和创业能力,提高他们的综合素质和就业竞争力。

新质生产力视域下中国高校科技创新力评价及影响因素研究

习近平总书记立足于我国经济发展时代特征提出新质生产力概念,并作出一系列重要论述。新质生产力是在新技术革命推动下,以信息技术、人工智能为引擎,以科技创新为驱动力的生产力形态,是高质量发展的强劲推动力、支撑力。高校作为国家创新体系的重要组成部分,在基础研究、应用研究、成果转化等方面发挥着重要作用,取得了一批重大科技成果,但还存在着诸多不足,面临不少困难和问题。在习近平总书记关于新质生产力重要论述的指引下,准确把握高校科技创新的重要地位和独特优势,客观评价我国不同地区高校科技创新力发展水平,分析存在的问题,提出对策建议,具有极其重要的意义。文章采用TOPSIS法测算我国31省(自治区、直辖市)高校科技创新力指数,基于空间自相关理论探究我国高校科技创新力指数的空间关联特征,运用泰尔指数分析我国高校科技创新力指数的空间差异性,运用地理探测器原理研究我国高校科技创新力的影响因素及其交互作用。研究结果发现:我国31省(自治区、直辖市)高校科技创新力整体还不强,创新力指数的空间分布不均衡,东部地区明显高于中部和西部地区;空间自相关性显著,上海、江苏、广东、浙江等指数较高省份呈现“高-高”集聚特征,甘肃、海南、新疆、西藏等指数较低省份呈现“低-低”集聚特征;区域间差异明显,东部和西部地区域内差异较中部地区显著,东部地区内部差异逐渐缩小,中部地区内部差异先增大后缩小,西部地区内部差异有所增大;影响我国高校科技创新力发展的主要因素是人力资源、经费投入等,且区域间投入存在明显差异,中部和西部地区投入不足,同时还受区域对外开放和技术需求等因素影响;内部因素交互作用强度大于外部因素,交互作用强度较大的是教学与科研人员数、科技经费当年拨入、成果应用及科技服务项目数、R&D成果应用及科技服务项目经费当年拨入、信息化水平,且信息化水平发挥的作用越来越大。根据研究结论,以习近平总书记关于新质生产力重要论述为指引,从创新投入、资源配置、资源共享、政产学研合作等方面提出对策建议。

工科教育与新工科人才培养的思考

新工科人才的培养与“创新型国家”的建设紧密相关。随着改革开放的深度和广度的不断推进,我国的科技发展已进入到“自主创新”的新阶段。面对全球激烈的科技和经济竞争,创新型人才的培养则是赢得这场竞争的关键,新工科人才的创新能力培养就成为工科院校教育改革的主要内容,针对目前人才培养环节中存在的诸多障碍,需要对现行工科教育中的薄弱环节进行改良,特别是提高工科学生实践能力的培养,通过对理论学习及实践训练的合理布局,使新工科人才更好地掌握理论与实践相结合的技能,并诱发其“工程创造的能力”。

将创新创业教育融入本科神经病学课程的应用价值

目的研究将创新创业教育融入本科神经病学课程的应用价值。方法选取2022年9月—2023年4月佳木斯大学附属第一医院神经内科接收的神经病学专业本科实习生92名作为研究对象,根据随机数表法分为对照组和研究组,每组46名。对照组采取传统神经病学课程教育方式,研究组在对照组基础上加用创新创业教育方式。比较各组过程性考核、终末考核评分及自我创新能力。结果研究组过程考核评分、终末考核评分[(94.75±4.14)分、(115.26±5.35)分]均高于对照组[(81.23±5.61)分、(95.17±6.88)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。实训带教前,2组自我创新能力测试问卷评分对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);实训带教后,研究组评分[(84.97±3.31)分]高于对照组[(79.25±3.74)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论将创新创业教育融入本科神经病学课程,有助于提高学生过程性考核、终末考核评分,进而增强其创新创业能力及自我创新能力。

大类培养背景下学生“双创”能力培养模式探索与实践

在大类培养背景下,学生“双创”能力的培养与探索成为当前高等教育的热点问题。该文从大类培养和“双创”教育的角度出发,提出构建“双创”教育模式的必要性和可行性,并探讨如何培养学生的创新创业能力。同时,结合理论研究和实践经验,通过加强跨学科合作、推进实践创新教育、强化人才培养评价机制、加强师资队伍建设和国际交流与合作方面,形成推进“双创”教育发展的未来方向。这一结构性优化不仅为“双创”教育提供更具深度的支持,也为学生提供更广阔的发展空间。

OBE理念下新工科创新创业能力培养的特质和能力要求

本文基于OBE教育理念,阐释了新工科背景下创新创业人才在工程意识、创新精神、创新思维、科学素养、团结协作、心理素质、文化素养和自主学习8个方面的特质要求,以及工程能力、创新知识和技术能力、解决复杂工程问题能力、分析判断能力、实践和执行能力、管理和决策能力、沟通协作能力、抗风险和抗挫折能力8种能力要求,并提出教育培养的路径方法,为新工科人才培养的目标定位、毕业要求和教育教学提供借鉴和参考。