With the rapid development and change in society,children and adolescents are facing more and more psychological pressure,which comes not only from academic performance and interpersonal relationships but also from fa...With the rapid development and change in society,children and adolescents are facing more and more psychological pressure,which comes not only from academic performance and interpersonal relationships but also from family environment,social expectations and other aspects.Psychological stress not only affects the mental health of children and adolescents but is also closely related to their eating behavior.Therefore,exploring the relationship between psychological stress and eating behaviors is of great significance in promoting the physical and mental health development of children and adolescents.Based on this,the study reviewed the research progress on the relationship between psychological stress and eating behavior of children and adolescents in recent years.The relationships between psychological stress and general eating behaviors,abnormal eating behaviors and eating disorders were successively reviewed,and the related physiological mechanisms were explored with a view to providing a scientific basis for mental health education and eating behavior intervention for children and adolescents.展开更多
AIM： Biological medicine is hard to fully and scientifically explain the etiological factor and pathogenesis of abnormal behaviors; while, researches on philosophy and psychology （including memetics） are beneficial...AIM： Biological medicine is hard to fully and scientifically explain the etiological factor and pathogenesis of abnormal behaviors; while, researches on philosophy and psychology （including memetics） are beneficial to better understand and explain etiological factor and pathogenesis of abnormal behaviors. At present, the theory of philosophy and psychology is to investigate the entity of abnormal behavior based on the views of memetics. METHODS： Abnormal behavior was researched in this study based on three aspects, including instinctive behavior disorder, poorly social-adapted behavior disorder and mental or body disease associated behavior disorder. Most main viewpoints of memetics were derived from ＂The Meme Machine＂, which was written by Susan Blackmore. When questions about abnormal behaviors induced by mental and psychological diseases and conduct disorder of teenagers were discussed, some researching achievements which were summarized by authors previously were added in this study, such as aggressive behaviors, pathologically aggressive behaviors, etc. RESULTS： The abnormal behaviors mainly referred to a part of people＇s substandard behaviors which were not according with the realistic social environment, culture background and the pathologic behaviors resulted from people＇s various psychological diseases. According to the theory of ＂meme＂, it demonstrated that the relevant behavioral obstacles of various psychological diseases, for example, the unusual behavior of schizophrenia, were caused, because the old meme was destroyed thoroughly but the new meme was unable to establish; psychoneurosis and personality disorder were resulted in hard establishment of meme; the behavioral obstacles which were ill-adapted to society, for example, various additional and homosexual behaviors, were because of the selfish replications and imitations of ＂additional meme＂ and ＂homosexual meme＂; various instinct behavioral and congenital intelligent obstacles were not significance for memetics. CONCLUSION： Generation of abnormal behavior is not only caused by complexly biological factors, also by philosophical and psychological entities.展开更多
Referring to children's development,especially the development of children's language,there is a question that people are very interested in,that is,does the development of children's language on earth dep...Referring to children's development,especially the development of children's language,there is a question that people are very interested in,that is,does the development of children's language on earth depend on innate inheritance or postnatal environment? In order to answer this question,this paper begins with the definition of the development of children's language,then,expounds some theories on language acquisition,finally,finds out the crucial factors influencing the development of children's language.展开更多
目的系统综述关于身体活动对儿童青少年心理和行为健康影响的系统综述中的相关证据。方法检索PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、PsycINFO、Cochrane Library和中国知网2014年1月至2024年1月公开发表的有关儿童青少年身体活动的心理和行...目的系统综述关于身体活动对儿童青少年心理和行为健康影响的系统综述中的相关证据。方法检索PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、PsycINFO、Cochrane Library和中国知网2014年1月至2024年1月公开发表的有关儿童青少年身体活动的心理和行为健康效应的系统综述,并分析其证据。结果最终纳入10篇英文文献,涉及221580例儿童青少年,来自澳大利亚、中国、加拿大、美国和西班牙。纳入文献主要来源于儿科学、儿童保育健康与发展、心理学等领域期刊。研究对象5~18岁,健康状况包括健康状态和非健康状态,其中非健康状态涉及神经发育障碍、抑郁和肥胖。干预类型包括学校体育课程、社区身体活动项目、家庭锻炼计划、课外运动项目、课外体育活动和减少久坐行为干预。干预方式主要包括有氧运动、力量训练和游戏活动。干预频率为每次15~120 min,每周2~6次,干预强度为低~高,持续6~81周。健康结局主要体现为儿童青少年的注意力、执行功能、记忆力和学习能力改善,焦虑和抑郁症状减轻,自尊心和自我效能感提升,社会适应能力和生活满意度提高,肥胖率降低和生活方式改善。结论身体活动有助于儿童青少年改善注意力、执行功能、记忆力和学习能力,减轻焦虑和抑郁症状,提升自尊心和自我效能感,改善社会适应能力和生活满意度,降低肥胖率,形成积极的生活方式。展开更多
目的调查哮喘儿童心理和行为特点,为临床心理行为干预治疗提供参考依据。方法采用Achen-bach儿童行为评定量表（Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL）和慢性病儿童应对方式量表（Cop ingW ith a D is-ease,COD I）对143例在重庆...目的调查哮喘儿童心理和行为特点,为临床心理行为干预治疗提供参考依据。方法采用Achen-bach儿童行为评定量表（Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL）和慢性病儿童应对方式量表（Cop ingW ith a D is-ease,COD I）对143例在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院哮喘中心确诊并系统管理的8~16岁哮喘儿童行为问题和应对方式进行测试,同时采用一般情况调查表对其社会心理行为因素进行了调查。结果哮喘儿童行为异常率为33.57%,显著高于全国常模（12.97%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。主要表现为社交退缩倾向、社交能力降低、人际交往不良、强迫性、焦虑、过分依赖等。患儿年龄、家庭结构、教养方式不同,其行为问题和应对方式也不完全相同。结论哮喘儿童在社会交往能力方面存在缺陷,应对方式不成熟,行为问题发生率较高。医护人员应有针对性地进行心理疏导和治疗,以预防和矫治不良行为,提高心理应对能力,培养良好性格,促进哮喘儿童身心健康发展。展开更多
基金Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Science and Technology Development Incubation Fund(2023HL-11)Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Science and Technology Development Incubation Fund(2023HL-34)Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Internal Incubation Fund(2022HL-08)。
文摘With the rapid development and change in society,children and adolescents are facing more and more psychological pressure,which comes not only from academic performance and interpersonal relationships but also from family environment,social expectations and other aspects.Psychological stress not only affects the mental health of children and adolescents but is also closely related to their eating behavior.Therefore,exploring the relationship between psychological stress and eating behaviors is of great significance in promoting the physical and mental health development of children and adolescents.Based on this,the study reviewed the research progress on the relationship between psychological stress and eating behavior of children and adolescents in recent years.The relationships between psychological stress and general eating behaviors,abnormal eating behaviors and eating disorders were successively reviewed,and the related physiological mechanisms were explored with a view to providing a scientific basis for mental health education and eating behavior intervention for children and adolescents.
基金the Scientific and Technological Programof Sichuan Public Health Bureau, No. 050104TenthFive-Year Key Research Project in 2005 of Philosophy and Social Science of Sichuan Province (MunicipalProgram) Social Science Key Project of Luzhou in2005
文摘AIM： Biological medicine is hard to fully and scientifically explain the etiological factor and pathogenesis of abnormal behaviors; while, researches on philosophy and psychology （including memetics） are beneficial to better understand and explain etiological factor and pathogenesis of abnormal behaviors. At present, the theory of philosophy and psychology is to investigate the entity of abnormal behavior based on the views of memetics. METHODS： Abnormal behavior was researched in this study based on three aspects, including instinctive behavior disorder, poorly social-adapted behavior disorder and mental or body disease associated behavior disorder. Most main viewpoints of memetics were derived from ＂The Meme Machine＂, which was written by Susan Blackmore. When questions about abnormal behaviors induced by mental and psychological diseases and conduct disorder of teenagers were discussed, some researching achievements which were summarized by authors previously were added in this study, such as aggressive behaviors, pathologically aggressive behaviors, etc. RESULTS： The abnormal behaviors mainly referred to a part of people＇s substandard behaviors which were not according with the realistic social environment, culture background and the pathologic behaviors resulted from people＇s various psychological diseases. According to the theory of ＂meme＂, it demonstrated that the relevant behavioral obstacles of various psychological diseases, for example, the unusual behavior of schizophrenia, were caused, because the old meme was destroyed thoroughly but the new meme was unable to establish; psychoneurosis and personality disorder were resulted in hard establishment of meme; the behavioral obstacles which were ill-adapted to society, for example, various additional and homosexual behaviors, were because of the selfish replications and imitations of ＂additional meme＂ and ＂homosexual meme＂; various instinct behavioral and congenital intelligent obstacles were not significance for memetics. CONCLUSION： Generation of abnormal behavior is not only caused by complexly biological factors, also by philosophical and psychological entities.
文摘Referring to children's development,especially the development of children's language,there is a question that people are very interested in,that is,does the development of children's language on earth depend on innate inheritance or postnatal environment? In order to answer this question,this paper begins with the definition of the development of children's language,then,expounds some theories on language acquisition,finally,finds out the crucial factors influencing the development of children's language.
文摘目的系统综述关于身体活动对儿童青少年心理和行为健康影响的系统综述中的相关证据。方法检索PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、PsycINFO、Cochrane Library和中国知网2014年1月至2024年1月公开发表的有关儿童青少年身体活动的心理和行为健康效应的系统综述,并分析其证据。结果最终纳入10篇英文文献,涉及221580例儿童青少年,来自澳大利亚、中国、加拿大、美国和西班牙。纳入文献主要来源于儿科学、儿童保育健康与发展、心理学等领域期刊。研究对象5~18岁,健康状况包括健康状态和非健康状态,其中非健康状态涉及神经发育障碍、抑郁和肥胖。干预类型包括学校体育课程、社区身体活动项目、家庭锻炼计划、课外运动项目、课外体育活动和减少久坐行为干预。干预方式主要包括有氧运动、力量训练和游戏活动。干预频率为每次15~120 min,每周2~6次,干预强度为低~高,持续6~81周。健康结局主要体现为儿童青少年的注意力、执行功能、记忆力和学习能力改善,焦虑和抑郁症状减轻,自尊心和自我效能感提升,社会适应能力和生活满意度提高,肥胖率降低和生活方式改善。结论身体活动有助于儿童青少年改善注意力、执行功能、记忆力和学习能力,减轻焦虑和抑郁症状,提升自尊心和自我效能感,改善社会适应能力和生活满意度,降低肥胖率,形成积极的生活方式。
文摘目的调查哮喘儿童心理和行为特点,为临床心理行为干预治疗提供参考依据。方法采用Achen-bach儿童行为评定量表（Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL）和慢性病儿童应对方式量表（Cop ingW ith a D is-ease,COD I）对143例在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院哮喘中心确诊并系统管理的8~16岁哮喘儿童行为问题和应对方式进行测试,同时采用一般情况调查表对其社会心理行为因素进行了调查。结果哮喘儿童行为异常率为33.57%,显著高于全国常模（12.97%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。主要表现为社交退缩倾向、社交能力降低、人际交往不良、强迫性、焦虑、过分依赖等。患儿年龄、家庭结构、教养方式不同,其行为问题和应对方式也不完全相同。结论哮喘儿童在社会交往能力方面存在缺陷,应对方式不成熟,行为问题发生率较高。医护人员应有针对性地进行心理疏导和治疗,以预防和矫治不良行为,提高心理应对能力,培养良好性格,促进哮喘儿童身心健康发展。
