Reporting Verbs in Agricultural Science Research Articles

Selection of an appropriate reporting verb and its tense & voice in a particular context is one of the best ways for the writer to present his work appropriately and to communicate effectively with others in the academic community.Previous studies on reporting verbs varied from sample to discipline,however,to my knowledge,no study has specifically addressed the question of whether there is tense and voice variation of reporting verbs in research articles in Introduction and Discussion in agricultural context.The present study is an attempt to investigate the tense and voice variation of reporting verbs and looks for explanations based on 30 agricultural science research articles.Results showed that no predominant tense choice was found in Introduction while simple past tense and present perfect tense were two tense preferences in Discussion.Active voice was found to be predominant in Introduction whereas passive voice was found to be predominant in Discussion.

A bibliometric analysis of core articles ofinternational nursing research frontiersbased on the Web of Science database

Objective:To review and analyze the basic information and distribution of core articles in the global research frontier of nursing,so as to ascertain the current trend in the field.Methods:A total of 37 highly cited essential science indicator(ESI)papers in the nursing discipline were retrieved,which were compared with the core article collection of the ESI research frontier in January 2019 to understand the current nursing research frontiers.Subsequently,a statistical analysis of the core articles that constituted the nursing research frontiers was performed using a bibliometric method.The analysis was conducted with multiple aspects including the number of core articles,total number of citations,average publication year,issuing country,participating institution,citing paper,journal distribution,and core researcher.Results:At present,the two international research frontiers of nursing are patient-centered care(Research Frontier 1)and missed care(Research Frontier 2).These two frontiers include a total of 12 core articles,6 of which are highly cited Web of Scienceindexed nursing papers.Research Frontier 1 includes three core articles that were cited 389 times.Research Frontier 2 includes nine core articles that were cited 841 times.Articles in the two frontiers were cited by 454 and 841 papers,respectively,most of which are in the United States.In addition,the 12 core articles were published across eight journals,the impact factors of which are all relatively high.Lastly,Research Frontier 1 involves 11 authors,whereas Research Frontier 2 involves 49 authors,of which seven authors have published more than two articles.Conclusions:The core articles in the frontier of international nursing research demonstrate distinctive features in their issuing country/region,journal distribution,and participating institution.Review and analysis of the core articles of international nursing research frontiers can help nursing staff understand the current research hotspots and consequently perform corresponding scientific research to promote the development of the nursing discipline.

LAME:Layout-Aware Metadata Extraction Approach for Research Articles

The volume of academic literature,such as academic conference papers and journals,has increased rapidly worldwide,and research on metadata extraction is ongoing.However,high-performing metadata extraction is still challenging due to diverse layout formats according to journal publishers.To accommodate the diversity of the layouts of academic journals,we propose a novel LAyout-aware Metadata Extraction(LAME)framework equipped with the three characteristics(e.g.,design of automatic layout analysis,construction of a large meta-data training set,and implementation of metadata extractor).In the framework,we designed an automatic layout analysis using PDF Miner.Based on the layout analysis,a large volume of metadata-separated training data,including the title,abstract,author name,author affiliated organization,and keywords,were automatically extracted.Moreover,we constructed a pre-trainedmodel,Layout-Meta BERT,to extract the metadata from academic journals with varying layout formats.The experimental results with our metadata extractor exhibited robust performance(Macro-F1,93.27%)in metadata extraction for unseen journals with different layout formats.

A Comparative Analysis of Syntactic Complexity in Applied Linguistics Abstracts Written by Chinese Novice Writers and Native English Advanced Writers

The rhetorical structure of abstracts has been a widely discussed topic, as it can greatly enhance the abstract writing skills of second-language writers. This study aims to provide guidance on the syntactic features that L2 learners can employ, as well as suggest which features they should focus on in English academic writing. To achieve this, all samples were analyzed for rhetorical moves using Hyland’s five-rhetorical move model. Additionally, all sentences were evaluated for syntactic complexity, considering measures such as global, clausal and phrasal complexity. The findings reveal that expert writers exhibit a more balanced use of syntactic complexity across moves, effectively fulfilling the rhetorical objectives of abstracts. On the other hand, MA students tend to rely excessively on embedded structures and dependent clauses in an attempt to increase complexity. The implications of these findings for academic writing research, pedagogy, and assessment are thoroughly discussed.

An Analysis of Surprise Markers in Linguistic Research Articles

To have a better understanding of surprise makers in linguistic Research Articles(RAs),this research selects 85 articles published in Applied Linguistics,analyzes 93 adjective surprise markers according to surprise frame,and explores readers’understanding of surprise markers in terms of the Immersed Experiencer Frame(IEF).The results show that,the Experiencers are activated at the lexical level and 78.49%Experiencers of them are implied,which encourages readers better immersed in the surprise motion.At the clause level,96.77%Triggers are new information,which attracts readers’attention to the information obtained in the present study in the process of Construal.Besides,the Degrees(90.32%are neutral),the Explanations(75.27%are unidentified),and the Resolutions(41.94%do not exist)are also construed at the clause level,which allows readers to make little effort to interpret surprise.In the process of Integration,readers proceed to the Resolutions by new information(34.41%),prior knowledge(20.43%),and speculation(3.23%)at the discourse level.It seems that the surprise markers are mainly used by authors as a means to attract readers and to promote their research.This research validates surprise frame as well as sheds light on emotion words using and comprehending in RAs.

Rhetorical Models of Research Article Abstracts

This paper briefly stated the importance and function of research article abstracts and introduced four rhetorical models in describing the organization of them. These models are Swales (1990), Bhatia (1994), Santos (1996) and Hyland (2000). The purpose of this paper is to provide research article writers with acknowledged frameworks to write acceptable abstracts.

Move-Step Structure of the Introduction Section of English Medical Science Research Articles Written by Chinese Researchers Published in International Journals

In the past decades,a number of researchers have tried hard to identify the move-step structure of different sections in research articles(RAs)from various disciplines.However,there is a very few amount of previous studies conducted on the move-step structure of the Introduction section of English medical science research articles(MSRAs)written by Chinese researchers published in international journals.In order to fill this gap,the present study aims to identify the moves,steps,and their structure of the Introduction section of English MSRAs written by Chinese researchers at Zunyi Medical University(ZMU)published in international journals.To create the target corpus of the present study,30 Introductions were purposively selected from 25 international medical science journals,which were published from 2007 to 2015.It is worth noting that all the authors are restricted to Chinese researchers only and at least one author must come from ZMU.The framework of Kanoksilapatham’s(2005)was adopted for the move-step analysis in the present study.The results demonstrated that these Introduction sections were generally written with three moves following the selected framework.In addition,there were two new steps that occurred in the Introduction section of these English MSRAs.In conclusion,the findings of the present study might provide a guideline for the research who plan to write English MSRAs for international articles more effectively.Moreover,the findings may provide valuable information for academic writing textbook designers as well.

On Academic Conflict in Medical Research Articles

Objective:To investigate the distribution of academic conflicts, if any, in medical research articles. Methods:Twenty-seven and 25 medical research articles in the field of internal medicine were selected from English and Chinese respectable jour nals, respectively. Then, the speech acts that reflected a conflict between a scientist's knowledge claim and another scientist's knowledge claim were manually searched and recorded in each paper. Data were analyzed using non-parametric Chi-test. Results:There were 123 academic conflicts recorded in the English corpus and 49 Academic Conflicts in the Chinese corpus. Significant difference was observed in the overall frequency of academic conflicts between the English and Chinese medical discourse (p=0.001). Besides, as for the distribution within research articles, introduction and discussion sections were the sections where Academic Conflict speech acts were most likely to occur in both corpra. Conclusion:The Chinese scholars are less likely to criticize peers. Introduction and discussion sections were the sections where Academic Conflict speech acts were most likely to occur. Our results are in agreement with previous results and confirmed the claim that highly different cultures vary in their discourse preferences. Our findings are of pedagogical significance.

Rhetorical Structure of Research Article Methods in Agricultural Science

Currently,there has been a growing interest in the study of academic writing;focusing on the structural organization of academic text or specific linguistic features.However,very few studies have been done on the structural organization of the Methods and the linguistic features link to each move.Thus,the purpose of this study is to identify rhetorical structure of the Methods of agricultural science research articles and to explore the linguistic features linked to each identified move,by analyzing thirty research articles based on Kanoksilapatham's2005 framework.Altogether,five moves were found in the Methods,showing that rhetorical structure of Methods in agricultural science has its own format.The moves and linguistic features realizing rhetorical functions may help novice researchers or learners write the Methods of science research articles effectively and professionally.

An Empirical Study on Academic Writing of Applied Linguistics Articles

It has been suggested that Swales’create-a-research-space(CARS)model has had a tremendous influence on genre analysis in EAP and ESP and on the teaching of academic writing aiming at both L1 students or NNS students.In this essay,five RAs from TESOL Quarterly published from 1999 to 2001 will be analysed.The papers were selected because they were close in time and they had clearly defined and labelled introduction and conclusion sections.Based on CARS model,the paper will focus on structure of introductions and examine the link between introductions and conclusions by analysing the structure of conclusions.

ABSTRACTS——From the Journal of Iron and Steel Research(in Chinese)

１９９８，１０（１）—１９９８，１０（３）ＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒＳｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎｏｎＴｈｅｒｍｏｄｙｎａｍｉｃＥｑｕｉｌｉｂｒｉ┐ｕｍＣｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｏｆＣｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｅＰｅｌｅｔＲｅｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＦｕＮｉａｎｘｉｎ，ＺｈａｎｇＳｈｅｎｇｂｉ（...

ABSTRACTS——From Journal of Iron and Steel Research (in Chinese) 2004,16(5)—2004,16(6)

Technical Development of Increasing Oxygen Used in EAF Process HE Qing,GUO Zheng(Central Iron and Steel Research Institute,Beijing100081,China)Abstract:Oxygen lance,burner and post-combustion are significant oxygen injection technologies in EAF process.The combination of these technologies has an important effect on improving economic target and technical target.For example,electric power consumption is reduced,the tap-to-tap is shorten,and the production rate is increased and so on.Their principle,function,feature and application were introduced。

ABSTRACTS——From Journal of Iron and Steel Research (in Chinese)2007,19(3)-2007,19(4)

Progress in Research on Liquid Zinc Corrosion of Bath HardwareWANG Wen-jun,WANG Yan-li,LIN Jun-pin,LIN Zhi(State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Material,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)Abstract:The problems of liquid Zinc corrosion of the bath hardware of galvanizing line were introduced and analyzed.The research status for the technology of providing corrosion protection was discussed.

Scientific Articles and Patent Applications on Biodiesel Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass

This document was conducted to identify trends in research activity (published articles) and technology (patent applications) on the production of biodiesel from lignocellulosic biomass. The Web of Science, Compendex, and Scopus databases were used to retrieve articles and Derwent Innovation was used to search for patent applications;300 articles and 169 patent applications were retrieved. The most common research goals (microbial lipid production, acid pretreatment, and pyrolysis) were identified from an analysis of the author’s keywords. The countries most involved in research are China (96 articles), United States (68), and India (19). The top countries in international partnerships research were United States (22), China (16), and Germany (11). Bioresource Technology (54), Biotechnology for Biofuels (18), and Green Chemistry (13) are the journals with the most published articles. United States (84) is the leader on patent applications, followed by China (15) and Japan (5).

ABSTRACTS──From the JOurnal of Iron and Steel Research (in Chinese)

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＳＦｒｏｍｔｈｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＩｒｏｎａｎｄＳｔｅｅｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈ（ｉｎＣｈｉｎｅｓｅ）ＳｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｈｅＤｅｃａｒｂｏｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｆＧｒａｉｎｅｄＰｉｇｉｒｏｎｗｉｔｈａＳｈａｆｔＱｉＹｕａｎｈｏｎｇ；ＺｈｏｕＹｕｓ...

ABSTRACTS——From the Journal of Iron and Steel Research(in Chinese)1999,11(4)—1999,11(6)

Effect of UPC on the Properties of High TitaniumBearing Slag of Blast Furnace ZHU Zi-zong,Zhang Bing-huai,Qiu Gui-bao(Chongqing University)Abstract:Experiments were carried out to clarify the effect of UPC on the forming and dropping of high

ABSTRACTS——From the Journal of Iron and Steel Research(in Chinese)1999,11(1)—1999,11(3)

Influence of Al_2O_3 on RD1 of Sinter Yang Huaming;;Qiu Guanzhou(Central South University of Technology)Fracture toughness method combined with electron microscopy was adopted to investigate the influence of Al_2O_3 on RDI of sinter.The results indicate that Al_2O_3 is mainly in the glass phase of sinter in the forms of ferrum silico aluminate and calcium silico aluminate,which results in the decrease