Operational Problems and Countermeasures of Public Elective Courses in Higher Vocational Colleges and Universities Based on the Perspective of Academic Affairs Management:Taking Guangdong C Vocational College as an Example

With the vigorous development of higher vocational education,public elective courses,as one of the core components of the higher vocational curriculum system,occupy a pivotal position.Based on the perspective of academic affairs management and taking Guangdong C Vocational College as an example,this paper meticulously analyzes the operational problems in the declaration,setting,teaching,and management of public elective courses through questionnaire surveys and other methods.It also puts forward a series of targeted solutions,with a view to continuously improving the teaching quality and management level of public elective courses.

Research and Practice on the Training Mode of Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents in Colleges and Universities:A Case Study of Academic Association of"Federation of Life Science Research and Innovation"

Taking the academic association of the Federation of Life Science Research and Innovation of the College of Life Science and Biotechnology of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as the research platform,it is necessary to organically combine personalized education with the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial ability.On the basis of unified teaching ideas,we should pay attention to the individual differences of educational objects,eliminate the disadvantages of traditional education,and break the conventional"spoon-feeding"teaching mode.It is necessary to shift from only paying attention to one-way indoctrination to paying attention to the cultivation of students'innovative quality,and to enhance students'interest in scientific research and practical ability of innovation and entrepreneurship through the rich scientific research activities of academic associations.

How to Optimize the Management of Science and Technology Funds in Colleges and Universities Based on the Policy of Streamlining Administration,Delegating Powers,Improving Regulation,and Strengthening Services

To advance the field of science and technology,we need to revitalize the development of science and technology through innovation.The development of science and technology has many beneficial implications on the revitalization of the country.For this reason,universities in China should give full attention to their role as the main propeller of science and technology.“Streamlining administration,delegating powers,improving regulation,and strengthening services”is a policy issued by the Chinese government for the management of science and technology funds in colleges and universities.Based on the policy of“streamlining administration,delegating powers,improving regulation,and strengthening services,”colleges and universities must optimize the management of science and technology funds for their efficient use.In this paper,we analyzed the importance of the policy and put forward an effective management strategy,aiming to improve the management of science and technology funds in colleges and universities.

On the construction of the mechanism for the smooth operation of the internal power of the universities

A difficult problem for the system construction of the modem university is the issue how the academic power and the ad- ministrative power can coordinate and orderly operate. The weakening of the academic power and the strengthening of the administrative power make the university slope foot forward in the development. To solve this problem, first of all, we should restore the originality of the academic power and the academic tissues. By perfecting the sla＇uctures and functions of the university organizations, improve the control on the power, and make the power operate in its due orbit, to ensure that the modem university system is not a mere formality.

Factors Influencing Academic Motivation among UOS Medical Students

Motivation has been found to play a major role in determining student performance in the academic process. The aim of this study is to identify the intrinsic ＆ extrinsic motivational factors among medical students in the University of Sharjah. A Cross Sectional Study was conducted among university students of medical colleges in the period between February 2011 and March 2011. A total of 452 students （337 females and 115 males） were selected using the Quota sampling method equally between each college. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of 13 demographic questions, an agreement scale of 32 questions about the motivational factors and an open ended question asking students about what the university can do to help motivate them were developed. The most common intrinsic factors chosen by students were grade expectation （94%）, interest in material （92%） and leading an honorable life （88%）. While on the other hand the most common extrinsic factors were upcoming exams （88%）, family expectations （88%） and praise （82%）. The most common factors were similar between all students regardless of their major, gender, or performance. However, differences were visible in other factors such as in high performing students; rewards scored a 71.4% while low performing students scored it at 50%. It also shows that females consider praise as an important factor （86%） on the contrary males gave it a 72%. While the most common intrinsic factors showed to be grades, interest in material and leading an honorable life, the most common extrinsic factors on the other hand were upcoming exams, family expectations and praise.

Development and construction of China's higher education libraries

Libraries in China's higher education institutions have been developing in keeping pace with the flourishing development of China's higher education. This article aims to make an introduction to the construction of China's higher education libraries, especially the recent three decades' achievements since China's reform and opening-up in 1978. In this article, the authors draw a general picture of the development of libraries in China's higher education institutions, covering such eight aspects as management, types and positioning,organizational structure and personnel, expenditure and buildings, reader service, building and sharing of resources as well as automation system.

基于ESI和InCites的我国独立办学医学院校科研竞争力分析

选取ESI和InCites中我国独立办学的13所医学院校的学科排名、论文数、被引频次、热点论文、高被引论文等基本学科指标,构建医学院校科研竞争力评价体系,统计分析各医学院校的科研竞争力,并提出医学院校提高科研竞争力的几点建议,为促进高校"双一流"建设提供参考。

国内农业高校科研产出比较研究——基于CNKI、SCI、Incites和CSCD

采用文献计量学方法,对CNKI、SCI、Incites和CSCD收录的国内14所农业高校2005？2014年间发表的期刊论文进行数据统计,从发文量、被引频次、高被引论文及综合绩效指标等几方面进行比较.研究发现,各项指标综合起来看,南京农业大学、西北农林科技大学、华中农业大学、华南农业大学这四所高校的科研水平较高,甘肃农业大学、内蒙古农业大学、江西农业大学、安徽农业大学、浙江农林大学等几所高校的科研水平较低;CNKI总发文量排名前七位的高校自2010年以来年度发文量均有不同程度下降,而CNKI总发文量较低的高校却始终保持稳步增长态势;大多数农林高校与中国大陆总体科研水平及世界平均科研水平差距较大,只有南京农业大学的综合影响力高于世界平均水平.最后,为国内农业高校提升科研产出提出三条建议：加强国内与国际间的合作,提高科技论文数量;关注科研前沿、热点论文与高被引论文,提升科技论文质量;重视科技论文的投稿环节,选择合适的期刊进行投稿.

高校学术权力的异化表征与归正路径

学术权力既是高校办学自主权的重要内容,也是大学组织的基础权力。然而,当前我国高校学术权力的异化现象较为严重,这种异化的负向力量会降低公众对于学术权力的心理预期,进而影响高校治学管理和学术研究顺利运行。高校学术权力异化主要表现在高校学术权力主体异化、高校学术权力活动异化、高校学术权力配置异化及高校学术权力监督异化等方面,高校学术主体道德失范、政府过多干预高校学术管理、高校学术权力行政化色彩和高校学术权力法律地位缺乏独立是造成高校学术权力异化的主要归因。回归高校学术权力的本真要义,应进一步规范高校学术权力主体行为、明确高校学术权力运行规则、协调高校“学术”与“行政”权力关系及健全高校学术权力监督机制。

从“外嵌”走向“内生”:高校课程思政深化的实践取径

我国高校课程思政建设在全面深化过程中必须认清实践取径的立场与走势问题。早期课程思政实践取径曾存在“两张皮”或“脱嵌”的问题,其生成逻辑有着特定的观念根源、实践诱因与价值基础。“脱嵌型”课程思政因其立场偏误引发了一系列教育实践风险。新时代高校课程思政实践深化的路向是从“外嵌”走向“内生”,并将由此带来课程思政实践境界提升。而作为内生型课程思政实践取径的现实着力点,包括:重新审视“意识+能力”作为推动课程思政“双核动力”;突破趋同化壁垒,落地落实专业课程分类推进思路,以特色求实效;用大爱照亮课堂“主渠道”,引领课堂教学回归育人本质。

论高校内部治理的症结及疏解策略

高校内部治理是高校治理的重要环节,关系着高等教育的质量和水平。科层制模式下,高校内部治理存在着政府外部行政权传导的高校内部行政权与高校办学自主权之间的矛盾、高校内部学术权力与行政权力之间的矛盾、学生组织与学校党政职能部门之间的矛盾,并表现为人事治理症结、财务治理症结、合同治理症结。究其原因,法治保障的缺乏、行政权力的过分倚重、机构权责不清、监督机制缺乏是高校内部治理矛盾和症结的成因。因此,必须从积极推进依法治校、优化高校内部权力配置、摒弃落后的管理理念与习惯、实现多元主体的治理动能等层面予以疏解。

大学课程与学科规训的一体相成、内在张力及跨学科挑战

在大学演进的历程中,课程与学科规训具有一体相成性,具体表现为:课程的控制性是学科规训权力的主要来源,课程实施方式的革新生成学科规训的基本制度,课程传承学科范式属性依赖于学科规训中的认知排他性。大学课程与学科规训在目标、内容、科目、权力等向度存在张力,其必然性来自大学课程的校本性无法取代学科标准的普遍性,大学课程设计难以体现学科体系的复杂性,课程实施中不同学科之间存在明显的教育文化差异,课程均衡化管理无法弥合学科等级观念。当代大学“学科规训”课程面临着跨学科学术的挑战,跨学科活动的情境性拓展了大学课堂时空,跨学科活动的质量控制对学科规训的传统产生冲击。大学在坚持传统学科规训处于课程统治地位的同时,须确立学生作为知识自主建构者的课程理念,推动高深学问向学生个人知识的内化,积极创新跨学科活动的课程实践,以优化大学课程结构,增强其时代适应性。

不同项目男性大学生上、下肢Wingate无氧功率相关指标对比分析

以贵州医科大学攀岩、救援队各10名队员为研究对象,对他们进行上下肢Wingate实验并对实验结果进行分析,研究结果显示:两队队员上肢无氧功率指标AP、PP、MP为有显著性差异(p<0.05),而TPP及PD无显著性差异(p>0.05);两队队员下肢无氧功率指标MP为有显著性差异(p<0.05),而AP、PP、TPP、PD无显著性差异(p>0.05),从分析可知攀岩队员日常训练中对上肢无氧耐力进行特殊训练,而救援队对上肢的训练强度较弱导两者差异,两组队员下肢无氧耐力并没有进行过多特殊训练,因攀岩有速度项目,对下肢有一定的训练量,造成两组队员下肢差异。

学术领导力:高校有组织科研的重要引擎

在知识经济时代,产业技术变革浪潮不断涌动,提升国家科技力量成为中国式现代化强国建设的迫切诉求。高校为国家取得国际科研战略博弈中的主动权提供了强有力支撑。为此,教育部提出有组织科研并强调,研究目标以突破核心技术为导向,兼顾多方利益;研究主体以创新人才为根本,储备科研力量;研究过程以学科交叉为基础,凝聚集群式研究力。从高校开展有组织科研现况来看,存在发展目标模糊、科研人力资源不足、学科融合进程缓慢、多方协同效果不佳等问题。基于鲍曼和迪尔的多元学术领导力理论,构建了高校有组织科研的结构、人力资源、政治和象征等四个维度学术领导力分析框架,有助于破除当前高校有组织科研的实践困境。在高校科研实践中应明确团队总体目标,引领科研发展方向;科学选拔人才,建立动态自适应性科研队伍;塑造团队学术文化,加强人际互通协作力;推进学科融合进程,组织引导性科研合作。

地方高校教师学术评价的困局、变局和破局

《深化新时代教育评价改革总体方案》明确提出,要扭转不科学的教育评价导向,推进教育评价关键领域改革取得实质性突破。地方高校教师学术评价作为教育评价的关键领域之一,理应有显著的进展和实质性的突破。然而,当前地方高校教师学术评价仍然存在评价主体错位、评价标准单一和评价方式简化等问题。究其本源,地方高校教师学术评价的问题源于工具理性和价值理性的失衡与绩效文化的泛化。因此,改进地方高校教师学术评价应呼唤价值理性的崛起和过滤绩效文化的影响,遵循学术逻辑,厘清学术评价主体;强化价值认同,坚持分类评价标准;改进量化评价,健全同行评议机制。

基于国家海洋无人装备重大战略需求的创新人才培养研究

在国家海洋无人装备重大战略需求下,培养具有战略认知、海洋情怀、实践能力的创新驱动人才尤为重要。针对创新人才培养过程中面临的问题,加快培养国家战略所需创新人才,西北工业大学航海学院建立“核-壳”二元协同的研究生培养模式,创建以研究生创新能力为核心,科研、平台、竞赛相融合的“一核三维”研究生培养机制,实现突破“四模块”闭环迭代的培养途径,形成以科研育人、学术育人、平台育人和竞赛育人为抓手的创新人才培养体系,为我国军民海洋装备发展和创新型人才培养作出重大贡献。

学业导师与辅导员“双导并驱”协同育人研究

协同育人是高校培养创新人才、实现教育高质量发展的必由之路。专业教师和辅导员作为高校专业教育、思想政治教育和学生日常管理工作的重要组成部分,是落实立德树人根本任务的关键力量,也是推进全员、全程、全方位育人的核心骨干。该研究在分析高校协同育人现状以及存在的主要问题基础上,提出了“双导并驱”协同育人体系,探讨了该体系的内涵,总结出其具有育人理念创新、育人贯穿全程和凝聚工作合力的特点。从“四度”和“四感”的角度分析“双导并驱”协同育人体系目标,并以北京某高校进行实证分析,进而提出通过建立协同机制形成育人新格局、拓展交流渠道提升育人时效性、开展实践活动打造育人新课堂的实施路径。“双导并驱”协同育人体系汇聚育人资源、发挥育人合力,是高校培养创新人才、实现教育高质量发展的重要途径。

基于知识创造SECI模型高校数字化学术生态构建研究

知识创造历经社会化、外在化、结合化和内在化四阶段,分析学术生态“四场域”——创始场、会话场、系统场、实践场存在知识创造、知识对话、知识组合、知识转化等壁垒,通过构建系统性数字化高校科研创新体系各组织间知识共享及转化过程的模型,探索以知识创造SECI螺旋提升路径闭环塑造高校数字化学术生态,提升科学研究实用性与品质性,实现高校科研创新水平与区域经济社会耦合发展,从而服务地方经济社会发展。

论高校思政课教学的政治性与学理性相统一

由于马克思主义理论是阶级性和科学性的辩证统一体,在高校思政课教学中就必须坚持“政治性和学理性相统一”。“政治性和学理性相统一”具有深厚的马克思主义哲学基础,集中体现了社会意识的科学性与阶级性的辩证统一关系。要在高校思政课教学中真正坚持“政治性和学理性相统一”关键在于如何具体地实现“相统一”,并有效规避只讲政治而不讲学理和只讲学理而不讲政治两种错误倾向。因此,高校思政课教师必须正确理解并践行政治性和学理性的辩证统一,在高校思政课教学方式上努力实现学术政治和政治学术的辩证统一。同时,学校在高校思政课课程体系方面要努力建设完善中国特色哲学社会科学的学科体系、学术体系和话语体系,在“大思政”理念方面要努力实现思政课程和课程思政的辩证统一。

大学生领悟社会支持对其学业成就的影响——积极心理资本的中介作用

为了深入探讨大学生对社会支持的认知、积极心理资本以及学业成就之间的相互关系,以A高校的1 681名学生为研究对象,通过收集他们对社会支持的认知、积极心理资本以及学业成就的相关数据并进行分析。研究结果表明:大学生对社会支持的认知、积极心理资本与学业成就之间存在显著的正相关关系,即大学生对社会支持的认知和积极心理资本对其学业成就产生了显著的正向影响。此外,大学生的积极心理资本在其对社会支持的认知与学业成就的关系中起到了部分中介的作用。