Given the importance of lithium-ion cell safety,a comprehensive review on the thermal stability of lithium-ion cells investigated by accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC),is provided in the present work.The operating mec...Given the importance of lithium-ion cell safety,a comprehensive review on the thermal stability of lithium-ion cells investigated by accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC),is provided in the present work.The operating mechanism of ARC is discussed first,including the usage and the reaction kinetics.Besides that,the thermal stability of the cathode/anode materials at elevated temperatures is revealed by examining the impacts of some significant factors,i.e.,the lithium content,particle size,material density,lithium salt,solvent,additive,binder and initial heating temperature.A comparison of the common cathode materials indicates that the presence of Mn and polyanion could significantly enhance the thermal stability of cathode materials,while the doping of Al also helps to restrain the reactivity.Except for their high capacity,some alloy materials demonstrate more competitive safety than traditional carbon anode materials.Furthermore,the thermal behaviors of full cells under abusive conditions are reviewed here.Due to the sensitivity of ARC to the kinetic parameters,a reaction kinetic modeling can be built on the basis of ARC profiles,to predict the thermal behaviors of cell components and cells.Herein,a shortcircuit modeling is exampled.展开更多
The reactivity between charged Li(Li_(0.115)Mn_(0.529)Ni_(0.339)Al_(0.017))O_(2)(Li-rich),single crystal Li(Ni_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1))O_(2)(SC-NMC811),LiFePO_(4)(LFP) and LiMn_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)PO_(4)(LMFP) positive electro...The reactivity between charged Li(Li_(0.115)Mn_(0.529)Ni_(0.339)Al_(0.017))O_(2)(Li-rich),single crystal Li(Ni_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1))O_(2)(SC-NMC811),LiFePO_(4)(LFP) and LiMn_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)PO_(4)(LMFP) positive electrodes at different states of charge(SOCs) and traditional carbonate-based electrolyte at elevated temperatures is systematically studied using accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC).The results show that the SOC greatly affects the thermal stability of the Li-rich and SC-NMC811 when traditional carbonate-based electrolyte is used.Although an increase in the SOC increases the energy density of lithium-ion cells,it also increases the reactivity between charged Li-rich and SC-NMC811 samples with electrolyte at elevated temperatures.In comparison with SC-NMC811,the Li-rich samples are much more stable at elevated temperatures,and the latter have higher specific capacity.SC-NMC811 samples are less reactive than traditional polycrystalline NMC811.Both LFP and LMFP samples show excellent thermal stability at elevated temperatures.The substitution of Fe by Mn in the olivine series positive materials does not impact the reactivity with electrolyte.展开更多
NASICON-type Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) is a promising electrode material for developing advanced sodium-ion batteries.Preparing Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) with good performance by a cost-effective and large-scale method is...NASICON-type Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) is a promising electrode material for developing advanced sodium-ion batteries.Preparing Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) with good performance by a cost-effective and large-scale method is significant for industrial applications.In this work,a porous Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C cathode material with excellent electrochemical performance is successfully prepared by an agar-gel combined with freeze-drying method.The Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C cathode displayed specific capacities of 113.4 mAh·g^(-1),107.0 mAh·g^(-1) and 87.1 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.1 C,1 C and 10 C,respectively.For the first time,the 500-mAh soft-packed symmetrical sodium-ion batteries based on Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C electrodes are successfully fabricated.The 500-mAh symmetrical batteries exhibit outstanding low temperature performance with a capacity retention of 83%at 0℃ owing to the rapid sodium ion migration ability and structural stability of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C.Moreover,the thermal runaway features are revealed by accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC)test for the first time.Thermal stability and safety of the symmetrical batteries are demonstrated to be better than lithium-ion batteries and some reported sodium-ion batteries.Our work makes it clear that the soft-packed symmetrical sodium ion batteries based on Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C have a prospect of practical application in high safety requirement fields.展开更多
基金supported by NSERC,Tesla Motors,the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52204213,52272396)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2022M711602)+2 种基金the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Fire Science (SKLFS) (No.HZ2022-KF07)the Jiangsu Project Plan for Outstanding Talents Team in Six Research Fields (No.TD-XNYQC-002)the support of the China Scholarship Council。
文摘Given the importance of lithium-ion cell safety,a comprehensive review on the thermal stability of lithium-ion cells investigated by accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC),is provided in the present work.The operating mechanism of ARC is discussed first,including the usage and the reaction kinetics.Besides that,the thermal stability of the cathode/anode materials at elevated temperatures is revealed by examining the impacts of some significant factors,i.e.,the lithium content,particle size,material density,lithium salt,solvent,additive,binder and initial heating temperature.A comparison of the common cathode materials indicates that the presence of Mn and polyanion could significantly enhance the thermal stability of cathode materials,while the doping of Al also helps to restrain the reactivity.Except for their high capacity,some alloy materials demonstrate more competitive safety than traditional carbon anode materials.Furthermore,the thermal behaviors of full cells under abusive conditions are reviewed here.Due to the sensitivity of ARC to the kinetic parameters,a reaction kinetic modeling can be built on the basis of ARC profiles,to predict the thermal behaviors of cell components and cells.Herein,a shortcircuit modeling is exampled.
文摘The reactivity between charged Li(Li_(0.115)Mn_(0.529)Ni_(0.339)Al_(0.017))O_(2)(Li-rich),single crystal Li(Ni_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1))O_(2)(SC-NMC811),LiFePO_(4)(LFP) and LiMn_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)PO_(4)(LMFP) positive electrodes at different states of charge(SOCs) and traditional carbonate-based electrolyte at elevated temperatures is systematically studied using accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC).The results show that the SOC greatly affects the thermal stability of the Li-rich and SC-NMC811 when traditional carbonate-based electrolyte is used.Although an increase in the SOC increases the energy density of lithium-ion cells,it also increases the reactivity between charged Li-rich and SC-NMC811 samples with electrolyte at elevated temperatures.In comparison with SC-NMC811,the Li-rich samples are much more stable at elevated temperatures,and the latter have higher specific capacity.SC-NMC811 samples are less reactive than traditional polycrystalline NMC811.Both LFP and LMFP samples show excellent thermal stability at elevated temperatures.The substitution of Fe by Mn in the olivine series positive materials does not impact the reactivity with electrolyte.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFB0901505)the Natural Science Foundation of China(22005190,21938005)+1 种基金the Science&Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(19DZ1205500)Zhejiang Key Research and Development Program(2020C01128).
文摘NASICON-type Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) is a promising electrode material for developing advanced sodium-ion batteries.Preparing Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) with good performance by a cost-effective and large-scale method is significant for industrial applications.In this work,a porous Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C cathode material with excellent electrochemical performance is successfully prepared by an agar-gel combined with freeze-drying method.The Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C cathode displayed specific capacities of 113.4 mAh·g^(-1),107.0 mAh·g^(-1) and 87.1 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.1 C,1 C and 10 C,respectively.For the first time,the 500-mAh soft-packed symmetrical sodium-ion batteries based on Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C electrodes are successfully fabricated.The 500-mAh symmetrical batteries exhibit outstanding low temperature performance with a capacity retention of 83%at 0℃ owing to the rapid sodium ion migration ability and structural stability of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C.Moreover,the thermal runaway features are revealed by accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC)test for the first time.Thermal stability and safety of the symmetrical batteries are demonstrated to be better than lithium-ion batteries and some reported sodium-ion batteries.Our work makes it clear that the soft-packed symmetrical sodium ion batteries based on Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C have a prospect of practical application in high safety requirement fields.
