Dramatic extensions of experimental possibilities (spacecraft RHESSI, CORONAS-F and others) in solar gamma-ray astronomy call for urgent, detailed theoretical consideration of a set of physical problems of solar activ...Dramatic extensions of experimental possibilities (spacecraft RHESSI, CORONAS-F and others) in solar gamma-ray astronomy call for urgent, detailed theoretical consideration of a set of physical problems of solar activity and solar-terrestrial relationships that earlier may have only been outlined. Here we undertake a theoretical analysis of issues related to the production of gamma-radiation in the processes of interactions of energetic (accelerated) heavy and middle nuclei with the nuclei of the solar atmosphere (the so-called i-j interactions). We also make an estimate of the contribution of these interactions to the formation of nuclear and isotopic abundances of the solar atmosphere in the range of light and rare elements. The analysis is carried out for solar flares in the wide range of their intensities. We compare our theoretical estimates with RHESSI observations for the flare of 2002 July 23. It was shown that the 24Mg gamma-ray emission in this event was produced by the newly generated Mg nuclei. With a high probability, the gamma-ray line emission of 28Si nuclei from this flare was generated by the same processes.展开更多
Based on microreactors, the representative Baylis-Hillman reaction of cyclopent-2-enone coupled with 4-nitrobenzaldehyde in the presence of imidazole could be accelerated by manipulating the temperature and electric f...Based on microreactors, the representative Baylis-Hillman reaction of cyclopent-2-enone coupled with 4-nitrobenzaldehyde in the presence of imidazole could be accelerated by manipulating the temperature and electric field. Furthermore, the electric field was used in promoting Baylis-Hillman reaction for the first time with the rate acceleration approximately 5.2-fold higher than that carried out in conventional vessels as well as 4.0-fold under control of temperature. Meanwhile, the products of Baylis-Hillman reaction at every time point could be collected and then determined by capillary micellar electrokinetic chromatography.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Dramatic extensions of experimental possibilities (spacecraft RHESSI, CORONAS-F and others) in solar gamma-ray astronomy call for urgent, detailed theoretical consideration of a set of physical problems of solar activity and solar-terrestrial relationships that earlier may have only been outlined. Here we undertake a theoretical analysis of issues related to the production of gamma-radiation in the processes of interactions of energetic (accelerated) heavy and middle nuclei with the nuclei of the solar atmosphere (the so-called i-j interactions). We also make an estimate of the contribution of these interactions to the formation of nuclear and isotopic abundances of the solar atmosphere in the range of light and rare elements. The analysis is carried out for solar flares in the wide range of their intensities. We compare our theoretical estimates with RHESSI observations for the flare of 2002 July 23. It was shown that the 24Mg gamma-ray emission in this event was produced by the newly generated Mg nuclei. With a high probability, the gamma-ray line emission of 28Si nuclei from this flare was generated by the same processes.
基金Project supported by Ministry of Science and Technology of China （No. 2007CB714504）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 20875091, 20935005） and Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Based on microreactors, the representative Baylis-Hillman reaction of cyclopent-2-enone coupled with 4-nitrobenzaldehyde in the presence of imidazole could be accelerated by manipulating the temperature and electric field. Furthermore, the electric field was used in promoting Baylis-Hillman reaction for the first time with the rate acceleration approximately 5.2-fold higher than that carried out in conventional vessels as well as 4.0-fold under control of temperature. Meanwhile, the products of Baylis-Hillman reaction at every time point could be collected and then determined by capillary micellar electrokinetic chromatography.
