Effect of the Grain for Green Project on freshwater ecosystem services under drought stress

The Grain for Green Project(GGP) is an important measure for the prevention of sloping farmland and the restoration of natural vegetation.This project has been critical to the restoration of ecological environments in western China. However,the effect of the GGP on freshwater ecosystem services under extreme climates remains unclear. Thus, taking the middle and upper reaches of the Wujiang River Basin in western China as an example, this study assessed the variation of three freshwater ecosystem services(e.g., water yield, soil retention and nutrient retention) impacted by the GGP under drought stress by employing the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(In VEST) model. In addition,the trade-off/synergistic relationship between three freshwater ecosystem services was analyzed based on the Pearson correlation coefficient. As revealed from the results, the effect of the GGP on the water yield and nutrient retention under drought stress was significantly higher than that on the soil retention.With the increase in the drought degree, the variation rate of the water yield and nutrient retention impacted by the GGP increased, whereas that of the soil retention decreased. The GGP in droughts of different seasons resulted in a significant heterogeneity in the changes of three freshwater ecosystem services. The correlation coefficients between the water yield and soil retention as well as that between the water yield and the nutrient retention increased, and the correlation coefficients declined between soil and nutrient retention under different drought degrees following the GGP. Unlike for the summer drought case, there were no significant changes in the correlation coefficients between three freshwater ecosystem services in spring, autumn and winter droughts. The results suggest that the amount of farmland converted to shrubland should be regulated to reduce the trade-off intensity between freshwater ecosystem services. In addition, food security and ecological environment protection should be balanced during the implementation of the GGP, and the most concentrated distribution region of farmland-to-forest conversion will be the key area of ecological management in the future.

Spatiotemporal characteristics and driving mechanisms of land use/land cover(LULC)changes in the Jinghe River Basin,China

Understanding the trajectories and driving mechanisms behind land use/land cover(LULC)changes is essential for effective watershed planning and management.This study quantified the net change,exchange,total change,and transfer rate of LULC in the Jinghe River Basin(JRB),China using LULC data from 2000 to 2020.Through trajectory analysis,knowledge maps,chord diagrams,and standard deviation ellipse method,we examined the spatiotemporal characteristics of LULC changes.We further established an index system encompassing natural factors(digital elevation model(DEM),slope,aspect,and curvature),socio-economic factors(gross domestic product(GDP)and population),and accessibility factors(distance from railways,distance from highways,distance from water,and distance from residents)to investigate the driving mechanisms of LULC changes using factor detector and interaction detector in the geographical detector(Geodetector).The key findings indicate that from 2000 to 2020,the JRB experienced significant LULC changes,particularly for farmland,forest,and grassland.During the study period,LULC change trajectories were categorized into stable,early-stage,late-stage,repeated,and continuous change types.Besides the stable change type,the late-stage change type predominated the LULC change trajectories,comprising 83.31% of the total change area.The period 2010-2020 witnessed more active LULC changes compared to the period 2000-2010.The LULC changes exhibited a discrete spatial expansion trend during 2000-2020,predominantly extending from southeast to northwest of the JRB.Influential driving factors on LULC changes included slope,GDP,and distance from highways.The interaction detection results imply either bilinear or nonlinear enhancement for any two driving factors impacting the LULC changes from 2000 to 2020.This comprehensive understanding of the spatiotemporal characteristics and driving mechanisms of LULC changes offers valuable insights for the planning and sustainable management of LULC in the JRB.

Spatiotemporal evolution of water conservation function and its driving factors in the Huangshui River Basin, China

The Grain for Green project has had a substantial influence on water conservation in the Huangshui River Basin,China through afforestation and grassland restoration over the past two decades.However,a comprehensive understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of water conservation function and its driving factors remains incomplete in this basin.In this study,we utilized the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model to examine the spatiotemporal evolution of water conservation function in the Huangshui River Basin from 2000 to 2020.Additionally,we employed the random forest model,Pearson correlation analysis,and geographical detector(Geodetector)techniques to investigate the primary factors and factor interactions affecting the spatial differentiation of water conservation function.The findings revealed several key points.First,the high-latitude northern region of the study area experienced a significant increase in water conservation over the 21-a period.Second,the Grain for Green project has played a substantial role in improving water conservation function.Third,precipitation,plant available water content(PAWC),grassland,gross domestic product(GDP),and forest land were primary factors influencing the water conservation function.Finally,the spatial differentiation of water conservation function was determined by the interactions among geographical conditions,climatic factors,vegetation biophysical factors,and socio-economic factors.The findings have significant implications for advancing ecological protection and restoration initiatives,enhancing regional water supply capabilities,and safeguarding ecosystem health and stability in the Huangshui River Basin.

Local Responses to Macro Development Policies and Their Effects on Rural System in China's Mountainous Regions:The Case of Shuanghe Village in Sichuan Province

China has promulgated a series of policies including the Western Development Program, the Grain for Green Project, agricultural support policies and building a new countryside strategy to eliminate east-west differences and urban-rural disparities since the late 1990s. This paper gives a holistic examination on local responses to the four typical macro socio-economic development policies and their effects on rural system based on a case study of a mountainous village in southern Sichuan Province. The results showed that the policies have not moved the case study village from its historically marginal status. To some extent, its socio-economic situation might have been worsened by accelerated out- migration of the youth, loss of agricultural land due to afforestation and industrial plants, increased fire hazard due to afforestation and reforestation, increased environmental pollution due to industrial enterprises attracted to the village and a steep decline in agricultural production due to loss of and inefficient use of cultivated land. Factors causing local villages' dilemmas include the nonuniformity of actors' objectives, finiteness of villagers' abilities, and the imperfect incentive and restraint mechanism for local government's activities under existing policy framework composed of uncoordinated one-size-fits- all policies. We suggest that China's rural policy in the new period should gradually shift from a sectoral to a place-based one, from top-down incentives to the development of bottom-up projects, and fully recognize the diversity of rural space, so as to lift localcapacities and make good use of the knowledge shared by different actors. Moreover, it is also necessary to integrate the various sectoral policies, and improve the interministerial and interdepartmental coordination of rural policies at regional and local levels.

The role of social resource of indigenous people in local ecological resource management in China: A preliminary case in Zhangye, Northwestern China

Social resources of indigenous people are valuable wealth, including the social norms, the relational network, belief, attitude as well as the social system which is accumulated from generation to generation. Those social resources are very important for local ecological resource management, which can help diffuseness and communion of skills and traditional conservation techniques for conserving and restoring the ecological sites. Social capital is one indicator of social resources, which is accepted widely. In order to investigate the role of social resources of indigenous people in local ecological resource management, the authors studied the relation between social capital of indigenous people and local ecological resource management, taking Zhangye City as an exam-ple. In this paper, social capital of indigenous people is quantified by constructing social capital index, composed of structural so-cial capital and cognitive social capital; local ecological resource management is quantified by constructing 'Grain for Green Pro-ject' performance index. Based on correlation analysis approach and logistic regression analysis approach, the authors analyzed the relation between social capital and 'Grain for Green Project' performance index, as well as the relations between 'Grain for Green Project' performance index and other factors such as per capita net income, medical treatment and so on. Results showed that the correlation between social capital and 'Grain for Green Project' performance index was positive, the coefficient was 0.761, with P<0.01. An increase of 1 unit in social capital is associated with an increase of 1.550 units in 'Grain for Green Project' per-formance. With factor, such as faction, per capita net income, medical treatment, increasing 1 unit, the 'Grain for Green Project' performance index will increase 3.912, 1.039 and 1.005 units, respectively.

基于RS和GIS的陕西省洛川县土地利用类型和植被覆盖变化特征

明确土地利用类型转变和植被覆盖度变化的范围、幅度和归因是评估生态工程环境效应的前提。然而,在黄土高原塬区县域尺度类似的研究鲜有报道。基于长时间序列NDVI数据和Landsat系列卫星数据,探究黄土高原洛川县土地利用和植被覆盖度的变化状况。结果表明:退耕还林(草)工程实施以来,洛川县植被覆盖度从0.6(2000年)增至0.9(2020年),耕地面积减少了481.8 km2,其中231.3 km2为坡度≤15°的适耕区转为苹果园。由于坡耕地还林草的面积在洛川县土地变化总面积中仅占1.5%,远小于其他地类改种苹果的面积(占20.0%),因此,洛川县植被覆盖度的提升主要是政府大力推广苹果树种植的结果。研究结果可为黄土高原经济林建设提供基础数据和科学参考。

北洛河上游流域植被覆盖度时空变化及其地形分异特征

[目的]揭示退耕还林还草工程实施前后黄土丘陵沟壑区流域植被恢复过程,阐明流域植被恢复的地形分异效应,进而为黄土丘陵沟壑区制定适宜的流域生态建设和保护对策提供科技支撑。[方法]基于北洛河上游流域1990—2019年4期Landsat影像及数字高程模型数据,利用像元二分模型结合GIS技术,开展了退耕还林还草工程实施前后该流域植被覆盖度变化地形分异特征研究。[结果](1)流域植被覆盖度在空间上呈现东南高、西北低的分异特征。1990—2019年流域年均植被覆盖度呈持续上升趋势,在退耕还林还草工程实施以后高等级植被覆盖度面积占比大幅提升,1990年、2000年、2010年、2019年高等级植被覆盖度面积占比分别为0.97%,6.96%,42.17%,64.18%。(2)在工程实施的各个时期,流域植被覆盖总体持续改善,但西北局部地区植被退化。研究期间,流域植被覆盖度结构改善明显,中高及高植被覆盖度面积以转入为主,中低及低植被覆盖度面积以转出为主。(3)流域植被覆盖度在地形上存在明显分异特征,植被覆盖度随高程的增加呈减小趋势,植被覆盖度与坡度呈正相关,坡度越陡,植被覆盖度越大,植被覆盖度随坡向遵循阴坡>半阴坡>平地>半阳坡>阳坡的分布规律。[结论]实施退耕还林还草工程对增加北洛河上游流域植被覆盖度起到了关键作用,但部分区域植被退化严重,未来该流域应重点关注城市空间扩展以及气候变化对植被建设的影响,以应对环境演变下植被生态系统可持续发展面临的挑战。

赛罕乌拉林草交错区典型生态系统土壤理化性质对比

为分析退耕林地、自然草地、农田3种植被管理方式对土壤理化性质的影响,识别不同植被修复模式下土壤理化性质的差异,本研究以内蒙古赛罕乌拉林草交错区自然草地、退耕林地、农田3种典型植被类型为研究对象,通过对比分析3种植被类型下0 cm、10 cm、20 cm、40 cm、60 cm深度土壤容重、含水量、粒径比等物理属性以及全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾养分元素含量,结合元素含量之间的相关性分析,结果发现:1)农田土壤存在明显的犁底层,犁底层之下养分元素含量迅速下降;2)草地土壤pH值低、有机碳含量高,农田pH值最高、有机碳含量低,退耕林地浅层土壤有机碳含量少,其土壤理化性质呈现出居于农田与自然草地之间的特征;3)农田土壤除速效磷、全钾等指标高于自然草地外,其他养分含量均低于自然草地。本研究表明,自然草地、退耕林地和农田是在相同土壤母质基础上,因经营管理方式差异而产生的土壤理化性质差异,草地的有机质含量最高、农田最低,土壤有机碳含量对于其他养分元素含量具有关键作用。因此,林草交错区生态系统固碳功能对于防风固沙等其他生态功能发挥具有决定作用,退耕还草有利于土壤养分元素的恢复,退耕还林工程还应注重林冠下方草本灌木生物量及物种多样性的恢复。

中国退耕还草的土壤碳固持效应及影响因素

基于检索1950-2016年发表在中国知网、Google Scholar、Web of Science等数据库的文章,筛选出关于我国退耕还草工程与土壤有机碳的文献123篇(126个研究地点)。基于筛选文献,提取了农田和恢复草地的土壤有机碳含量、土壤有效养分含量、恢复时间和气候等数据735条,旨在探究我国退耕还草工程对土壤有机碳含量的影响及其主导因素。结果表明:1)农田恢复为草地后,土壤有机碳含量呈先下降后上升趋势(时间拐点约为第6年),整体上退耕还草工程使土壤有机碳含量提高了19.8%。2)土壤有机碳的正响应随土壤深度增加而减弱,且深度超过1 m时其正响应不明显。3)土壤有效氮是影响土壤有机碳恢复的主要因素,而土壤有效磷和植物功能群对其影响不大。4)沿着增加的水分梯度,土壤有机碳的恢复效果由负变正,转变阈值为25.15 (干旱指数)。总体而言,我国退耕还草工程对土壤有机碳含量的影响为正效应,此效应受环境梯度和恢复时间的共同影响。本研究能够为我国土地利用变化背景下土壤碳库管理的相关决策提供科学依据。

退耕还林前后渭河流域土壤保持功能变化

基于InVEST模型的土壤保持模块,定量评估退耕还林前后渭河流域土壤保持功能的变化,并统计不同土地利用类型及坡度下的土壤保持量。结果表明:1)相较于1980年,2020年实际土壤侵蚀量减少1.40亿t,平均土壤侵蚀模数减少1033.51 t/(km^(2)·a),微度侵蚀的比例由60.75%增加至77.43%,土壤保持总量由48.60亿t增加到53.73亿t;2)不同土地利用类型中,草地的土壤保持量最大,占土壤保持总量的40%以上;而单位面积土壤保持量最大的是林地;3)0~5°的微坡地区土壤保持量最小,单位面积的土壤保持量也最低;>15°~25°的较陡坡地区土壤保持量最大,占土壤保持总量的1/3以上。退耕还林工程主要通过减少土壤侵蚀量来提高土壤保持功能,随着植被恢复,不同土地利用类型及坡度的土壤保持功能增强。研究结果可为流域植被恢复效果和土壤保持功能的定量评估提供参考。

渭北黄土高原千阳县刺槐人工林抚育成效浅析

如何巩固提升林业工程项目建设成效,有效提高林地生产力,陕西省千阳县立足当地实际积极进行探索,对人工刺槐林采取割灌、修枝、伐除等人工抚育技术措施,对上一轮退耕还林项目营造的人工刺槐林进行改造提升,效果比较明显。本文以千阳县退耕还林工程人工刺槐林抚育为例,对黄土高原地区人工林抚育技术措施进行总结浅析,在林业工程项目建设和管理工作中具有一定的借鉴意义。

基于植被遥感的西南喀斯特退耕还林工程效果评价——以贵州省毕节地区为例

中国西南喀斯特地区生态环境脆弱,人口压力和不合理的土地利用方式使得土地退化问题严峻。2000年以来,国家开始在该地区推行退耕还林等一系列生态工程。需要评估这些工程的效果,以期为进一步的生态建设工程决策提供科学依据。以贵州省毕节地区为例,利用SPOT-VGTNDVI遥感数据,以大规模开展退耕还林工程前的1998—2001年为基准,建立NDVI-气候响应模型,在此基础上结合残差法来分析2002—2008年以退耕还林工程为主的人为因素在当地生态恢复中的作用。结果表明,近年来开展的生态工程使得整个毕节地区植被条件得到了明显的改善,但在东部大方、黔西一些区域土地退化的趋势仍未扭转,需要今后进一步的政策引导和开展后续生态工程。

近50年黄河中游流域水沙过程及对退耕的响应

为明确黄河中游地区水土流失综合治理、退耕还林(草)政策的水沙效应问题,选择黄河中游风沙-丘陵过渡区、典型丘陵区以及土石山林区5条典型流域,用降雨及面积对水文站实测径流量、输沙量数据进行处理,探讨了近50a来流域水沙及其关系的演变过程。结果表明:5条流域标准化年径流量、标准化年输沙量均表现出显著减少趋势,且两者发生跃变时间基本一致。时段频率上的河流输沙量减少程度较径流量大,零输沙天数逐时段增加。植被覆盖度低的风沙-黄土丘陵过渡区流域,较植被覆盖度高的土石山林区流域,径流量和输沙量年均变化斜率大,跃变时间早。5条流域汛期径流量和输沙量的关系表明,植被覆盖度低的风沙-黄土丘陵过渡区流域的输沙量分布域较植被覆盖度高的土石山林区流域大一个数量级,其产沙动力也最强。近50a来,5条流域的水沙动力系数均呈现逐时段降低趋势。20世纪70～80年代水土流失综合治理使5条流域水沙动力系数平均降低24.5%,1999年后的退耕还林(草)工程则使其平均降低70.6%。流域水沙拟合线性关系常数项绝对值,以及流域冲淤平衡时的径流量呈现随时段减小趋势,进一步说明水土流失治理及退耕还林(草)措施对流域水沙动力关系的削弱效应。

浅析退耕还林还草对黄土丘陵沟壑区农业与农村经济发展的影响——以安塞县为例

1999年我国政府启动了“退耕还林”这一世界最大的生态保护工程,旨在改善生态环境,控制水土流失,调整农业产业结构,促进农村经济的持续发展。这一工程实施五年来,在改善生态环境状况和减少水土流失方面取得了显著成绩。同时,大面积坡耕地向林地和草地的转化,使整个工程实施区的农业和农村经济发展受到较大的影响。本文依据1995-2002年安塞县统计资料和农户调查数据,在对安塞县实施退耕还林工程以来农业发展状况进行定量分析的基础上,运用灰色关联度分析法,分析确定安塞县农村产业结构调整的动态变化过程和农业结构调整的方向,以探讨退耕还林还草的实施对黄土丘陵沟壑区农业与农村经济发展的影响,以及退耕还林工程的持续性。结果表明:退耕还林(草)的实施,在短期内显著地促进了农民收入的增加和劳动力就业结构的变化,同时也加速了安塞县农村经济结构的调整,农村经济增长对农业的依赖程度逐渐降低,加强第二产业的发展应是今后几年安塞县农村经济结构调整的重点。

退耕还林恢复年限对岩溶槽谷区石漠化土壤物理性质的影响

历史上严重的植被破坏导致西南岩溶槽谷区水土流失/漏失和石漠化加重,制约喀斯特地区经济和社会发展,而退耕还林等生态修复工程对于喀斯特地区植被恢复、生态环境改善具有重要意义。该研究在遥感解译结合野外调查及采样分析基础上,重点分析了岩溶槽谷退耕后7个恢复年限(0~5、5~10、10~15、15~20、20~25、25~30、45~50 a)土壤主要物理性质的演替规律,结果表明:1)退耕开始至15~20 a土壤尤其是表层土壤物理性质呈现恶化的趋势,土壤表层平均含水率和总孔隙度分别减少12.28%~14.75%和8.79%~11.14%,而表层平均容重和紧实度则分别增大10.06%~13.82%和54.09%~58.43%,土壤-植被系统出现旱生化发展趋势;2)退耕20~50 a表层土壤平均含水率和总孔隙度分别达到40.65%和60.38%,较退耕0~5a分别增加24.11%和9.06%,尤其是恢复45~50 a表层土壤平均容重和紧实度分别为0.93 g/cm3、7.57 kg/cm^2,土壤基本性质的变化表明了生态系统质量的显著提升;3)由于喀斯特地区土层薄且缺少过渡层,提出了喀斯特地区土壤"铁板烧效应",与植被在退耕15~20 a由灌草结构向乔灌草立体格局转变的时间转折点相符。该研究进一步阐明了喀斯特地区生态恢复对土壤系统演变的影响,并提出喀斯特地区尤其要注重对乔木树种的种植和抚育工作,对于指导喀斯特地区生态修复具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。

岷江上游2000-2010年土壤侵蚀时空格局动态变化

基于RS和GIS技术，采用RUSLE模型的月模式，计算岷江上游2000，2005，2010年的土壤侵蚀量，对其时空格局动态变化进行分析，并从坡度、土地利用类型、高程3个方面系统分析土壤侵蚀现状。结果表明：（1）岷江上游土壤侵蚀与地形因子和土地利用方式密切相关，对于岷江上游而言，海拔2000m以下和4000～5000m且坡度在25°～45°区域内的稀疏植被、裸土、草原以及旱地是土壤侵蚀的重点防治区。（2）岷江上游2000，2005，2010年的土壤侵蚀模数分别为2275．38，2664．73，3309．26t／（km2·a），土壤侵蚀呈现加剧的趋势。（3）退耕还林还草工程的实施使得2005年比2000年的土壤侵蚀量减少9．27×10^4t，汶川地震使得2010年比2005年的土壤侵蚀量增加了33．4×10^4t，国家实施的退耕还林还草工程在改善水土保持功能上取到了很大的成效，汶川地震加剧了土壤侵蚀程度。

黄土丘陵区土壤有机碳固存对退耕还林草的时空响应

研究了黄土丘陵区土壤有机碳固存对退耕还林草的时空响应特征,分析了退耕还林草对土壤有机碳的近期影响和长期效应。结果表明,1)从黄土丘陵区退耕还林草的土壤固碳效应整体而言,相对于坡耕地,退耕还林和退耕撂荒具有显著的土壤碳增汇效应,而退耕还草、退耕还果没有明显土壤碳增汇效应。以天然草地土壤有机碳密度为目标,撂荒地表层土壤有机碳增汇潜力可达8.3 t/hm2。2)以10a为界,退耕还林草的近期土壤碳增汇效应不明显,而10a后土壤碳增汇效应逐渐明显,退耕还林、还灌、撂荒和坡耕地的固碳效应差异显著。3)在评估黄土丘陵区退耕还林草的土壤固碳效应时应当注重长期固碳效应。4)退耕还林草的土壤固碳效应主要受还林草方式及年限的影响,二者分别可解释55.6%和24.1%的有机碳变异性;地形因子可解释8.5%的有机碳变异性。在评估该区退耕还林的土壤固碳效应时应当充分考虑退耕年限和地形因子的影响。5)人工刺槐林地、人工柠条林地以及撂荒地深层土壤(100—200 cm)有机碳密度占2 m土体有机碳密度的35%—40%,而且随着植被恢复深层土壤有机碳密度显著增加。6)在估算黄土丘陵区退耕还林土壤固碳效应时应该考虑深层碳累积。如果按1 m土层的土壤有机碳密度计算,会严重低估退耕还林草的土壤固碳量。

黄土高原小流域植被恢复的土壤侵蚀效应评估

植被建设是治理土壤侵蚀的重要途径,特别是坡面土壤侵蚀。退耕还林还草是黄土高原乃至全国最大规模的植被建设工程,黄土高原是该工程的重点地区之一。小流域是土壤侵蚀综合治理的基本单元。通过退耕还林工程实施前后小流域土壤侵蚀的模拟和分析,可以为植被建设成效评估和调整治理策略提供参考。运用修正土壤流失方程RUSLE,在ARCGIS10.2平台下模拟了羊圈沟小流域1984年、1996年、2006年、2012年和2014年5个年份的土壤侵蚀,评估了退耕还林前后黄土高原小流域植被恢复对土壤侵蚀的影响。降雨侵蚀力R利用延安气象站30年（1984—2014年,除1999年外）的日降雨数据计算,LS因子利用将矢量化的1∶5 000地形图插值生成DEM提取;土壤可蚀性K因子利用2006年实测土壤理化数据计算,总结概括前人研究成果获取C、P因子值。研究结果表明：（1）各坡度带侵蚀都显著减弱,15°~25°,25°~35°和〉35°坡度带是中度以上侵蚀发生的主要区域。1984—2014年3种坡度带的侵蚀面积之和分别占总面积的44.93%,42.65%,35.78%,23.23%和22.98%;（2）退耕还林前后相比,土壤侵蚀强度显著降低：中度以上侵蚀面积急剧减少,土壤侵蚀转变为以微度、轻度和中度侵蚀为主,3类侵蚀面积之和在2006年、2012年和2014年分别占总侵蚀面积的26.53%,44.24%和43.47%;（3）土壤侵蚀模数呈现减小的趋势,从1984年到2014年,土壤侵蚀强度从15 327.57t/（km2·a）降至3 270.19t/（km2·a）,降低70%以上。总体上,土壤侵蚀明显降低,表明植被建设有效遏制了土壤侵蚀,退耕还林工程对水土保持和治理土壤侵蚀起到了显著的效果。

黄土高原地区退耕还林工程的农户响应与影响因素——以甘肃定西大牛流域为例

以甘肃省退耕还林(草)重点实施区为例,通过问卷调查和定量回归分析,研究农户对退耕还林(草)工程的认识和态度。总体上农民有较高的生态环境保护意识,对退耕还林(草)政策的认识基本持积极支持的态度;年龄、文化程度、家庭人口、劳动力数量、人均耕地数量、退耕还林(草)面积是影响农户环保意识和对退耕还林(草)态度的主要因素,农业和非农业农户之间存在一定差异。

退耕还林工程效益评价与对策建议——以合肥市郊区三县为例

以安徽省合肥市郊区三县退耕还林作为研究对象,采取随机抽样调查与统计数据相结合、定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,对合肥市郊区三县退耕还林的生态、经济和社会三大效益进行客观的评价与分析。研究发现:合肥市退耕还林工程在生态效益、社会效益和经济效益上都取得了一定的绩效,但退耕农户以农为主的收入结构没有根本改变,农户增收的不稳定性也增大。并就合肥市退耕还林的后续发展提出了相应的建议。