目的:观察改良肝脏糖原PAS染色法,并观察肝脏糖原染色在急性肝损伤中的应用。方法:复制CCl4急性肝损伤模型,首次100%CCl43 m L/kg皮下注射,此后50%CCl4橄榄油溶液2 m L/kg每周2次共4次皮下注射,诱导大鼠急性肝损伤模型。计算大鼠肝体比...目的:观察改良肝脏糖原PAS染色法,并观察肝脏糖原染色在急性肝损伤中的应用。方法:复制CCl4急性肝损伤模型,首次100%CCl43 m L/kg皮下注射,此后50%CCl4橄榄油溶液2 m L/kg每周2次共4次皮下注射,诱导大鼠急性肝损伤模型。计算大鼠肝体比;HE染色观察肝组织炎症病理;试剂盒检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBil)、白蛋白(Alb)。肝脏常规PAS染色与改良PAS染色观察肝糖原染色。结果:与正常组相比,模型组ALT、AST活性与TBil含量明显升高(P<0.05),Alb含量明显降低(P<0.05);HE染色示,模型组肝小叶结构排列紊乱,肝细胞脂肪变、气球样变明显。常规PAS染色,正常组肝组织PAS染色阳性占肝脏面积为32.38%±5.50%;与正常组相比,模型组肝组织PAS阳性染色明显减少(P<0.01),占肝脏面积为8.60%±3.34%。改良PAS染色提示,正常组肝脏可见大量PAS阳性染色,占肝脏面积为75.50%±9.02%;与正常组相比,模型组肝组织PAS阳性染色明显减少(P<0.01),占肝脏面积为17.61%±3.53%。在空白对照组与模型肝组织中,肝糖原改良PAS染色阳性率明显高于常规PAS染色法(P<0.01)。改良PAS染色肝糖原阳性染色面积更真实反映急性肝损伤程度。结论:改良肝脏糖原PAS染色法有助于急性肝损伤程度评估。展开更多
以植酸钙(PA-Ca)为载体、H2Pd Cl4为前驱体、甲醇为还原剂,制备了PA-Ca负载Pd的Pd/PA-Ca催化剂,对其进行XRF、BET、SEM、TEM、XRD和XPS表征,并用于苯甲醛氧化制备苯甲酸反应,考察催化剂用量、反应温度和溶剂种类对催化剂催化性能的影响...以植酸钙(PA-Ca)为载体、H2Pd Cl4为前驱体、甲醇为还原剂,制备了PA-Ca负载Pd的Pd/PA-Ca催化剂,对其进行XRF、BET、SEM、TEM、XRD和XPS表征,并用于苯甲醛氧化制备苯甲酸反应,考察催化剂用量、反应温度和溶剂种类对催化剂催化性能的影响。结果表明,催化剂中负载Pd质量分数为1.03%,钠质量分数为1.05%;合成的PA-Ca载体为晶化程度较低的介孔材料,比表面积为18.85 m^2·g^(-1);催化剂活性物种为Pd0和PdO。在催化剂用量n(苯甲醛)∶n(Pd)=2 000∶1、乙腈作溶剂、O_2压力101.325 k Pa(流速20 m L·min^(-1))、反应温度30℃和反应时间4 h条件下,苯甲醛转化率为83%,苯甲酸选择性为100%;催化剂具有较好的稳定性,可循环使用3~4次。展开更多
Isolation of new bacterial strains and recognition of their metabolic activities are highly desirable for sustainability of natural ecosystems. Biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) under anoxic conditions has be...Isolation of new bacterial strains and recognition of their metabolic activities are highly desirable for sustainability of natural ecosystems. Biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) under anoxic conditions has been shown to occur as a series of sequential steps using strain CW-1 isolated from digested sludge of Sibao Wastewater Treatment Plant in Hangzhou,China. The microbial colony on LB medium was yellowish,3～5 mm in diameter,convex in the center,and embedded in mucous externally. The individual cells of strain CW-1 are irregular rods,measuring (0.6～0.7)×(0.9～1.0) μm,V-shaped,with clubbed ends,Gram positive and without any filaments. 16S rDNA (1438 bp) sequence analysis showed that the strain was related to Arthrobacter sp. CW-1 and can degrade PAEs utilizing nitrate as electron acceptor,but cannot mineralize DMP completely. The degradation pathway was recommended as: dimethyl phthalate (DMP)→monomethyl phthalate (MMP)→phthalic acid (PA). DMP biodeg-radation was a first order reaction with degradation rate constant of 0.3033 d-1 and half-life 2.25 d. The DMP conversion to PA by CW-1 could be described by using sequential kinetic model.展开更多
Recently,materials with high nitrogen content such as triazole,tetrazole,and tetrazine derivatives have received attention due to their highdensities,high heats of formation,and high thermal stability.The 3-and 6-posi...Recently,materials with high nitrogen content such as triazole,tetrazole,and tetrazine derivatives have received attention due to their highdensities,high heats of formation,and high thermal stability.The 3-and 6-positions of stetrazine have high activity and can besubstituted by a soft neutral heteroatom or carbanion nucleophiles,so the展开更多
Cellulose,being as the most abundant nature polymer material and the most promising oil substitute,attracts more and more interests.A new cellulose dissolution system,phosphoric acid(PA)/polyphosphoric acid(PPA) solve...Cellulose,being as the most abundant nature polymer material and the most promising oil substitute,attracts more and more interests.A new cellulose dissolution system,phosphoric acid(PA)/polyphosphoric acid(PPA) solvent,was investigated in this study.It had been found that a larger cellulose solid content could be dissolved quickly in a hypothermic situation.By evaluating the stability of regenerated cellulose film and the formation of anisotropic solution,the dissolution behavior of cellulose was investigated.Wide-angle X-ray diffraction(WAXD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) were employed to characterize the crystalline structure and morphology of regenerated cellulose.The measurement results revealed a transition from cellulose-Ⅰ of raw cellulose to cellulose-Ⅱ of regenerated cellulose and a decrease of crystallinity of cellulose after dissolved.This was attributed to the interaction between cellulose and acid solvent,which leaded to the breakage of cellulose intra-and inter-molecule hydrogen bonds and the conformation change of cellulose C6-OH.Moreover,the formation process of cellulose liquid crystal solution was illustrated by polarized light microscope(PLM).That may be induced by the rearranging movement of the cellulose macromolecular chains.展开更多
C16 saturated fatty acid (Palmitic acid) is one of the most common dietary fatty acids which played an important role in the cellular biological functions. Palmitic acid (PA) was tested for potential inhibition of DNA...C16 saturated fatty acid (Palmitic acid) is one of the most common dietary fatty acids which played an important role in the cellular biological functions. Palmitic acid (PA) was tested for potential inhibition of DNA topoisomerase I (topo I) and it exhibited inhibitory activity in the nanomolar range. Treatment of lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 with PA resulted in a decrease in cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, and PA showed cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 150 μM. DNA fragmentation assay and caspase activity indicated that PA does not induce apoptotic cell death in A549 cells. Finally, we found that PA was able to cause an increase in autophagic flux in a time-dependent manner, evidenced by the accumulation of LC3 through monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. More importantly, inhibition of autophagy by blocking autophagosome formation via the inhibition of type III Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI-3K), by 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) was able to effectively suppress PA-induced autophagy. We showed that inhibition of autophagy sensitized the cells signal to PA-induced apoptosis, suggesting the pro-survival function of autophagy induced by PA. Taken together, results from this study reveal that PA as a topo I inhibitor induced autophagic cell death in A549 cells.展开更多
It is of great significance to develop high-temperature anhydrous proton conducting materials.Herein,we report a new strategy to significantly enhance the proton conductivity of covalent organic frameworks(COFs)throug...It is of great significance to develop high-temperature anhydrous proton conducting materials.Herein,we report a new strategy to significantly enhance the proton conductivity of covalent organic frameworks(COFs)through expanding the dimensionality of proton conduction.Three COF-based composites,COF-1@PA,COF-2@PA,and COF-3@PA(PA:phosphoric acid),are prepared by PA doping of three COFs with similar pore sizes but different amounts of hydrophilic groups.With the increase of hydrophilic groups,COFs can load more PA because of the enhanced hydrogen–bonding interactions between PA and the frameworks.powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and two-dimensional(2D)solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)analyses show that PA can not only enter the channels of COF-3,but also insert into its 2D interlayers.This expands the proton conduction pathways from one-dimensional(1D)to three-dimensional(3D),which greatly improves the proton conductivity of COF-3.Meanwhile,the confinement effect of 1D channels and 2D layers of COF-3 also makes the hydrogen-bonded networks more orderly in COF-3@PA-30(30μL of PA loaded on COF-3).At 150℃,COF-3@PA-30 exhibits an ultrahigh anhydrous proton conductivity of 1.4 S·cm−1,which is a record of anhydrous proton conductivity reported to date.This work develops a new strategy for increasing the proton conductivity of 2D COF materials.展开更多
文摘目的:观察改良肝脏糖原PAS染色法,并观察肝脏糖原染色在急性肝损伤中的应用。方法:复制CCl4急性肝损伤模型,首次100%CCl43 m L/kg皮下注射,此后50%CCl4橄榄油溶液2 m L/kg每周2次共4次皮下注射,诱导大鼠急性肝损伤模型。计算大鼠肝体比;HE染色观察肝组织炎症病理;试剂盒检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBil)、白蛋白(Alb)。肝脏常规PAS染色与改良PAS染色观察肝糖原染色。结果:与正常组相比,模型组ALT、AST活性与TBil含量明显升高(P<0.05),Alb含量明显降低(P<0.05);HE染色示,模型组肝小叶结构排列紊乱,肝细胞脂肪变、气球样变明显。常规PAS染色,正常组肝组织PAS染色阳性占肝脏面积为32.38%±5.50%;与正常组相比,模型组肝组织PAS阳性染色明显减少(P<0.01),占肝脏面积为8.60%±3.34%。改良PAS染色提示,正常组肝脏可见大量PAS阳性染色,占肝脏面积为75.50%±9.02%;与正常组相比,模型组肝组织PAS阳性染色明显减少(P<0.01),占肝脏面积为17.61%±3.53%。在空白对照组与模型肝组织中,肝糖原改良PAS染色阳性率明显高于常规PAS染色法(P<0.01)。改良PAS染色肝糖原阳性染色面积更真实反映急性肝损伤程度。结论:改良肝脏糖原PAS染色法有助于急性肝损伤程度评估。
文摘以植酸钙(PA-Ca)为载体、H2Pd Cl4为前驱体、甲醇为还原剂,制备了PA-Ca负载Pd的Pd/PA-Ca催化剂,对其进行XRF、BET、SEM、TEM、XRD和XPS表征,并用于苯甲醛氧化制备苯甲酸反应,考察催化剂用量、反应温度和溶剂种类对催化剂催化性能的影响。结果表明,催化剂中负载Pd质量分数为1.03%,钠质量分数为1.05%;合成的PA-Ca载体为晶化程度较低的介孔材料,比表面积为18.85 m^2·g^(-1);催化剂活性物种为Pd0和PdO。在催化剂用量n(苯甲醛)∶n(Pd)=2 000∶1、乙腈作溶剂、O_2压力101.325 k Pa(流速20 m L·min^(-1))、反应温度30℃和反应时间4 h条件下,苯甲醛转化率为83%,苯甲酸选择性为100%;催化剂具有较好的稳定性,可循环使用3~4次。
文摘Isolation of new bacterial strains and recognition of their metabolic activities are highly desirable for sustainability of natural ecosystems. Biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) under anoxic conditions has been shown to occur as a series of sequential steps using strain CW-1 isolated from digested sludge of Sibao Wastewater Treatment Plant in Hangzhou,China. The microbial colony on LB medium was yellowish,3～5 mm in diameter,convex in the center,and embedded in mucous externally. The individual cells of strain CW-1 are irregular rods,measuring (0.6～0.7)×(0.9～1.0) μm,V-shaped,with clubbed ends,Gram positive and without any filaments. 16S rDNA (1438 bp) sequence analysis showed that the strain was related to Arthrobacter sp. CW-1 and can degrade PAEs utilizing nitrate as electron acceptor,but cannot mineralize DMP completely. The degradation pathway was recommended as: dimethyl phthalate (DMP)→monomethyl phthalate (MMP)→phthalic acid (PA). DMP biodeg-radation was a first order reaction with degradation rate constant of 0.3033 d-1 and half-life 2.25 d. The DMP conversion to PA by CW-1 could be described by using sequential kinetic model.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSAF10776002)the project of State Key Laboratory of Science and Technology(No.Q NKT11-06,YBKT10-03)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-09-0051)
文摘Recently,materials with high nitrogen content such as triazole,tetrazole,and tetrazine derivatives have received attention due to their highdensities,high heats of formation,and high thermal stability.The 3-and 6-positions of stetrazine have high activity and can besubstituted by a soft neutral heteroatom or carbanion nucleophiles,so the
文摘Cellulose,being as the most abundant nature polymer material and the most promising oil substitute,attracts more and more interests.A new cellulose dissolution system,phosphoric acid(PA)/polyphosphoric acid(PPA) solvent,was investigated in this study.It had been found that a larger cellulose solid content could be dissolved quickly in a hypothermic situation.By evaluating the stability of regenerated cellulose film and the formation of anisotropic solution,the dissolution behavior of cellulose was investigated.Wide-angle X-ray diffraction(WAXD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) were employed to characterize the crystalline structure and morphology of regenerated cellulose.The measurement results revealed a transition from cellulose-Ⅰ of raw cellulose to cellulose-Ⅱ of regenerated cellulose and a decrease of crystallinity of cellulose after dissolved.This was attributed to the interaction between cellulose and acid solvent,which leaded to the breakage of cellulose intra-and inter-molecule hydrogen bonds and the conformation change of cellulose C6-OH.Moreover,the formation process of cellulose liquid crystal solution was illustrated by polarized light microscope(PLM).That may be induced by the rearranging movement of the cellulose macromolecular chains.
文摘C16 saturated fatty acid (Palmitic acid) is one of the most common dietary fatty acids which played an important role in the cellular biological functions. Palmitic acid (PA) was tested for potential inhibition of DNA topoisomerase I (topo I) and it exhibited inhibitory activity in the nanomolar range. Treatment of lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 with PA resulted in a decrease in cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, and PA showed cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 150 μM. DNA fragmentation assay and caspase activity indicated that PA does not induce apoptotic cell death in A549 cells. Finally, we found that PA was able to cause an increase in autophagic flux in a time-dependent manner, evidenced by the accumulation of LC3 through monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. More importantly, inhibition of autophagy by blocking autophagosome formation via the inhibition of type III Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI-3K), by 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) was able to effectively suppress PA-induced autophagy. We showed that inhibition of autophagy sensitized the cells signal to PA-induced apoptosis, suggesting the pro-survival function of autophagy induced by PA. Taken together, results from this study reveal that PA as a topo I inhibitor induced autophagic cell death in A549 cells.
基金We are grateful for financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21771193 and 22275210)Key Research and Development Projects of Shandong Province(No.2019JZZY010331).
文摘It is of great significance to develop high-temperature anhydrous proton conducting materials.Herein,we report a new strategy to significantly enhance the proton conductivity of covalent organic frameworks(COFs)through expanding the dimensionality of proton conduction.Three COF-based composites,COF-1@PA,COF-2@PA,and COF-3@PA(PA:phosphoric acid),are prepared by PA doping of three COFs with similar pore sizes but different amounts of hydrophilic groups.With the increase of hydrophilic groups,COFs can load more PA because of the enhanced hydrogen–bonding interactions between PA and the frameworks.powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and two-dimensional(2D)solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)analyses show that PA can not only enter the channels of COF-3,but also insert into its 2D interlayers.This expands the proton conduction pathways from one-dimensional(1D)to three-dimensional(3D),which greatly improves the proton conductivity of COF-3.Meanwhile,the confinement effect of 1D channels and 2D layers of COF-3 also makes the hydrogen-bonded networks more orderly in COF-3@PA-30(30μL of PA loaded on COF-3).At 150℃,COF-3@PA-30 exhibits an ultrahigh anhydrous proton conductivity of 1.4 S·cm−1,which is a record of anhydrous proton conductivity reported to date.This work develops a new strategy for increasing the proton conductivity of 2D COF materials.
