Oral rinses containing chemotherapeutic agents, such as cetylpyridinium chloride （CPC）, can alleviate plaque-induced gingival infections, but how oral microbiota respond to these treatments in human population remai...Oral rinses containing chemotherapeutic agents, such as cetylpyridinium chloride （CPC）, can alleviate plaque-induced gingival infections, but how oral microbiota respond to these treatments in human population remains poorly understood. Via a double- blinded, randomised controlled trial of 91 subjects, the impact of CPC-containing oral rinses on supragingival plaque was investigated in experimental gingivitis, where the subjects, after a 21-day period of dental prophylaxis to achieve healthy gingivae, received either CPC rinses or water for 21 days. Within-subject temporal dynamics of plaque microbiota and symptoms of gingivitis were profiled via 16S ribosomal DNA gene pyrosequencing and assessment with the Mazza gingival index. Cetylpyridinium chloride conferred gingival benefits, as progression of gingival inflammation resulting from a lack of dental hygiene was significantly slower in the mouth rinse group than in the water group due to inhibition of 17 gingivitis-enriched bacterial genera. Tracking of plaque a and β diversity revealed that CPC treatment prevents acquisition of new taxa that would otherwise accumulate but maintains the original biodiversity of healthy plaques. Furthermore, CPC rinses reduced the size, local connectivity and microbiota-wide connectivity of the bacterial correlation network, particularly for nodes representing gingivitis- enriched taxa. The findings of this study provide mechanistic insights into the impact of oral rinses on the progression and maturation of dental plaque in the natural human population.展开更多
AIM:To test whether a new rinse solution containing polyethylene glycol 35(PEG-35)could prevent ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)in liver grafts.METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rat livers were stored in University of Wisconsin ...AIM:To test whether a new rinse solution containing polyethylene glycol 35(PEG-35)could prevent ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)in liver grafts.METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rat livers were stored in University of Wisconsin preservation solution and then washed with different rinse solutions(Ringer’s lactate solution and a new rinse solution enriched with PEG-35 at either 1 or 5 g/L)before ex vivo perfusion with Krebs-Heinseleit buffer solution.We assessed the following:liver injury(transaminase levels),mitochondrial damage(glutamate dehydrogenase activity),liver function(bile output and vascular resistance),oxidative stress(malondialdehyde),nitric oxide,liver autophagy(Beclin-1 and LCB3)and cytoskeleton integrity(filament and globular actin fraction);as well as levels of metalloproteinases(MMP2 and MMP9),adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK),heat shock protein 70(HSP70)and heme oxygenase 1(HO-1).RESULTS:When we used the PEG-35 rinse solution,reduced hepatic injury and improved liver function were noted after reperfusion.The PEG-35 rinse solution prevented oxidative stress,mitochondrial damage,and liver autophagy.Further,it increased the expression of cytoprotective heat shock proteins such as HO-1 and HSP70,activated AMPK,and contributed to the restoration of cytoskeleton integrity after IRI.CONCLUSION:Using the rinse solution containing PEG-35 was effective for decreasing liver graft vulnerability to IRI.展开更多
基金funded by a joint research program between the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Procter & Gamble
文摘Oral rinses containing chemotherapeutic agents, such as cetylpyridinium chloride （CPC）, can alleviate plaque-induced gingival infections, but how oral microbiota respond to these treatments in human population remains poorly understood. Via a double- blinded, randomised controlled trial of 91 subjects, the impact of CPC-containing oral rinses on supragingival plaque was investigated in experimental gingivitis, where the subjects, after a 21-day period of dental prophylaxis to achieve healthy gingivae, received either CPC rinses or water for 21 days. Within-subject temporal dynamics of plaque microbiota and symptoms of gingivitis were profiled via 16S ribosomal DNA gene pyrosequencing and assessment with the Mazza gingival index. Cetylpyridinium chloride conferred gingival benefits, as progression of gingival inflammation resulting from a lack of dental hygiene was significantly slower in the mouth rinse group than in the water group due to inhibition of 17 gingivitis-enriched bacterial genera. Tracking of plaque a and β diversity revealed that CPC treatment prevents acquisition of new taxa that would otherwise accumulate but maintains the original biodiversity of healthy plaques. Furthermore, CPC rinses reduced the size, local connectivity and microbiota-wide connectivity of the bacterial correlation network, particularly for nodes representing gingivitis- enriched taxa. The findings of this study provide mechanistic insights into the impact of oral rinses on the progression and maturation of dental plaque in the natural human population.
基金Supported by The Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo No.PIO81988(Madrid,Spain)Eirini Pantazi wishes to thank the Agència de Gestiód’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca No.2012FI_B00382Mohamed Bejaoui thanks CSIC No.I-COOP05 for their fellowships
文摘AIM:To test whether a new rinse solution containing polyethylene glycol 35(PEG-35)could prevent ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)in liver grafts.METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rat livers were stored in University of Wisconsin preservation solution and then washed with different rinse solutions(Ringer’s lactate solution and a new rinse solution enriched with PEG-35 at either 1 or 5 g/L)before ex vivo perfusion with Krebs-Heinseleit buffer solution.We assessed the following:liver injury(transaminase levels),mitochondrial damage(glutamate dehydrogenase activity),liver function(bile output and vascular resistance),oxidative stress(malondialdehyde),nitric oxide,liver autophagy(Beclin-1 and LCB3)and cytoskeleton integrity(filament and globular actin fraction);as well as levels of metalloproteinases(MMP2 and MMP9),adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK),heat shock protein 70(HSP70)and heme oxygenase 1(HO-1).RESULTS:When we used the PEG-35 rinse solution,reduced hepatic injury and improved liver function were noted after reperfusion.The PEG-35 rinse solution prevented oxidative stress,mitochondrial damage,and liver autophagy.Further,it increased the expression of cytoprotective heat shock proteins such as HO-1 and HSP70,activated AMPK,and contributed to the restoration of cytoskeleton integrity after IRI.CONCLUSION:Using the rinse solution containing PEG-35 was effective for decreasing liver graft vulnerability to IRI.
