Studies on interacting Blends of Acrylated Epoxy resin based Poly(Ester-Amide)s and Vinyl EsterResin

Epoxy resin based Unsaturated poly(ester-amide) resins (UPEAs) can be prepared by many methods but here these were prepared by reported method [1]. These UPEAs were then treated with acrylotl chloride to afford acrylated UPEAs resin (i.e. AUPEAs). Interacting blends of equal proportional AUPEAs and vinyl ester epoxy (VE) resin were prepared. APEAs and AUPEAs were characterized by elemental analysis, molecular weight determined by vapour pressure osmometer and by IR spectral study and by thermogravimetry. The curing of interacting blends was monitored on differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Based on DSC data in situ glass reinforced composites of the resultant blends have been prepared and characterized for mechanical, electrical and chemical properties. Unreinforced blends were characterized by thermogravimetry (TGA).

Synthesis and Application of UV-curable Phosphorous-Containing Acrylated Epoxidized Soybean Oil-based Resins

A novel phosphorous-containing acrylated epoxidized soybean oil-based(P-AESO)resin was developed via the ring-opening reaction of epoxidized soybean oil(ESO)with diphenylphosphinic chloride(DPPC),followed by acrylation of the resulting groups.The chemical structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),and ^(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance(^(1)H NMR).Subsequently,the viscosity and volumetric shrinkage of the obtained P-AESO resins were studied.Then the oligomer was formulated into UV-curable coatings,and the mechanical,thermal,and coating properties of the resulting UV-cured bioresins were studied by tensile testing,dynamic mechanical thermal analysis(DMA),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)coupled with FT-IR spectroscopy(TGA-FT-IR),hardness,adhesion,pencil hardness and chemical resistance.Furthermore,the UV-curing behavior of the P-AESO resin was determined by real-time realtime infrared(RT-IR).Meanwhile,compared with coating from acrylated epoxidized soybean oil(AESO),the P-AESO system coatings showed better volumetric shrinkage,excellent adhesion,and enhanced thermal and glass transition temperature(Tg)while maintaining reasonably final C=C conversions and cross-link density.For instance,the obtained P-AESO/trimethylolpropanetriacrylate(TMPTA)20 material possessed a volumetric shrinkage of 4.1%,Tg of 115.6℃,char yield of 9.47%,and final C=C conversions of 81.4%respectively,which exhibited superior values than that of the AESO/TMPTA20 material.The improvement of the P-AESO coating performances could contribute to the architectures that combined the structural features of phosphorous-containing rigid benzene.The developed P-AESO resin is promising for applications in the UV-curable coatings.

Developing an atmospheric aging evaluation model of acrylic coatings:A semi-supervised machine learning algorithm

To study the atmospheric aging of acrylic coatings,a two-year aging exposure experiment was conducted in 13 representative climatic environments in China.An atmospheric aging evaluation model of acrylic coatings was developed based on aging data including11 environmental factors from 567 cities.A hybrid method of random forest and Spearman correlation analysis was used to reduce the redundancy and multicollinearity of the data set by dimensionality reduction.A semi-supervised collaborative trained regression model was developed with the environmental factors as input and the low-frequency impedance modulus values of the electrochemical impedance spectra of acrylic coatings in 3.5wt%NaCl solution as output.The model improves accuracy compared to supervised learning algorithms model(support vector machines model).The model provides a new method for the rapid evaluation of the aging performance of acrylic coatings,and may also serve as a reference to evaluate the aging performance of other organic coatings.

Kinetics and Mechanism of Hydration of Acrylic Acid over Ion-exchanged Resin:Experimental Exploration and DFT Calculation

Liquid-phase acrylic acid hydration over solid-phase catalysts is a key reaction for the industrial productionof 3-hydroxypropionic acid. However, the relevant literature primarily focuses on the experimental aspects of catalystscreening and exploring reaction conditions, with few accurate descriptions of the reaction kinetics and determination ofthe reaction mechanism. Here, we combined kinetics experiments and theoretical calculations to elucidate the kinetics andmechanism of acrylic acid hydration on a resin catalyst. The pseudo-homogeneous model, and Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Haugen-Watson and Elie-Riedel (ER) heterogeneous models were used to explain the experimental kinetics data. TheER model can explain the experimental data very well, suggesting strong adsorption of acrylic acid on the surface of theresin catalyst. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations show that the hydration follows a stepwise, rather than aconcerted, reaction pathway. The present study provides theoretical insights into the reaction mechanism and kinetics, fillingthe gap in our understanding of the reaction on a fundamental level.

The Evaluation of the Dietary Habits Influence on the Microhardness of Gingiva-Coloured Composite and Acrylic Denture Base Materials

Purpose: The study investigated the impact of dietary habits, specifically soda, milk kefir, water kefir, almond milk, and distilled water (control) consumption, on the microhardness of gingiva-coloured composite and acrylic denture bases. Methods: Materials included gingiva-coloured composite (Fusion Universal G1), acrylic (Imicryl), and subdivided Procryla group. Subgroups comprised 15 and 30-minute heat polymerized (Pro15, Pro30), and 1 wt% (Pro1Z) and 3 wt% (Pro3Z) zirconium added groups. Immersed in beverages for 1, 7, and 14 days, pH and microhardness were assessed. SEM examined random samples. Statistical analysis used repeated measures ANOVA, and post hoc tests (p Results: The gingiva-coloured composites displayed noteworthy time-associated microhardness changes (p 0.05). Despite variable pH levels in beverages, no substantial group interaction effects were observed (p > 0.05). Initial microhardness rankings shifted after a 14-day immersion. Conclusions: Gingiva-coloured composite exhibited the highest microhardness pre- and post-immersion, followed by Procryla30 and Imicryl groups. .

Treatment of Synovial Cysts in Relation to the Tibial Tunnel of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Grafts by Filling the Tunnel with Acrylic Cement

Introduction: Synovial cyst of the tibial tunnel in connection with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a rare but particularly troublesome complication. Medical treatment is often doomed to failure, and surgical treatment usually consists of excising the cyst and filling the tunnel with bone. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of filling the tunnel with acrylic cement. Hypothesis: Filling the tibial bone tunnel with acrylic cement should eliminate communication between the joint cavity and the pre-tibial surface and prevent cyst recurrence. Patients and Methods: This retrospective series is composed of 13 patients, 9 men and 4 women, mean age 48.5 years (31 to 64) operated on between 2011 and 2019 for an intra- and extraosseous synovial cyst consecutive to the tibial tunnel of an ACL graft. Between 1983 and 2016, 12 of the patients had had a bone graft without bone block fixation (DI-DT or Mac Intosh) and one patient, a bone-bone transplant (KJ). The cyst was of variable size, located on the anteromedial aspect of the proximal end of the tibia, and often painful, warranting consultation. At the time of the initial operation, 9 patients had undergone meniscectomies (6 medial, 2 lateral, 1 double). In 7 knees, there were 7 cartilage lesions in the femorotibial and/or patellofemoral compartments (one stage 1 lesion, 2 stage 2 lesions, 4 stage 3 lesions, and no stage 4 lesions). Only 2 knees had neither cartilage nor meniscus lesions. After curettage of the bone tunnel /− removal of the non-resorbed or PEEK interference screw, the tunnel was filled with acrylic cement /− reinforced with a ligament staple to prevent expulsion. All patients underwent regular follow-up consultations until recovery. Results: At a maximum follow-up of 8 years, only 1 cyst recurred, representing a 7.69% failure rate. It was reoperated with another technique, which involved filling the tibial bone tunnel with bone graft taken from a half-bank head. After recovery, the cyst healed definitively. All patients were able to return to their previous activity within 15 days of surgery. Conclusion: Filling the tibial tunnel with acrylic cement reinforced /− with a ligament staple is a reliable and rapid solution for the treatment of intra- and extra-articular synovial cysts in relation to the tibial tunnel of ACL grafts.

新型Acrylic/TiNi复合材料阻尼与力学性能研究

兼具优良吸能特性和高阻尼性能的金属基复合材料有着广泛的应用需求。采用“均混-压制-脱溶-烧结”的四阶段粉末冶金技术制备三维通孔的TiNi多孔材料,并以TiNi多孔材料为基体,基于真空负压渗流技术制备新型Acrylic/TiNi复合材料。内耗测试表明:新型复合材料阻尼能力远高于相应的多孔材料,尤其在室温附近。分析表明,复合材料阻尼能力的提高除与Acrylic的本征高阻尼有关,还与复合材料的多孔TiNi基体和Acrylic之间新增的大量界面阻尼有关。准静态压缩力学性能测试表明:Acrylic/TiNi复合材料可实现和TiNi多孔合金相近的能量吸收效率,这源于复合材料更长且更光滑的压缩平台区。此外,增强相Acrylic的充分渗入,极大提高复合材料的能量吸收能力和屈服强度。压缩形变机制分析表明,复合材料吸能特性的综合提高与压缩过程中TiNi多孔基体和Acrylic填充物之间相互补偿和耦合有关。

Research on the Marine Antifouling Ability and Mechanism of Acrylate Copolymers and Marine Coatings Based on a Synergistic Effect

Marine biofouling is an urgent global problem in the process of ocean exploitation and utilization.In our work,a series of zinc-based acrylate copolymers(ACZn-x)were designed and synthesized using benzoic acid,zinc oxide(ZnO)and a random quaternion copolymer consisting of ethyl acrylate(EA),butyl acrylate(BA),acrylic acid(AA)and methacrylic acid(MAA)by free radical polymerization and dehydration condensation.The ACZn-x with a zinc benzoate side chain is able to hydrolyze in natural seawater under static conditions,resulting in the formation of a smooth surface.We investigated and confirmed the antifouling(AF)behavior of ACZn-x in the laboratory and revealed that they have better antibacterial(86%for S.aureus and 72%for E.coli)and anti-algal(≥60.1%for N.closterium and≥67.5%for P.subcordiformis)activities.We also assessed the marine AF properties of ACZn-x and corresponding coatings in Qingdao,China;the ACZn-x exhibited ideal AF properties with little silt and biological mucosa adhered to the ACZn-x surface after 6 months,and corresponding coatings exhibited little biofouling after 16 months in the ocean.Importantly,possible AF mechanisms were further proposed at the cellular level.These results could be helpful for the development and application of effective AF coatings.

3M^(TM) Acrylic Foam Tape 5363在轨道车辆按钮开关上的脱胶分析及工艺优化

随着中国轨道交通的发展,越来越多的轨交产品走出国门、走向世界,其中以地铁门系统最具特点。按钮开关作为门系统上的关键电子产品之一,有控制开、关门的作用,在国外被广泛采用到门系统上。其中设有盲文的按钮开关,因充分考虑特殊人群出行,深受国外客户的青睐。按钮开关盲文盖板粘接的可靠性就显得至关重要,要考虑列车不同的运行环境及各种外界因素,否则就会因为粘接不好,导致盲文盖板翘边或者脱落,引起客户的投诉和不满。企业不得不进行国外整改返修,耗费巨大的人力物力成本,也为公司带来巨大的质量损失。针对盲文盖板出现的粘接问题,对工艺路线进行总结优化,从源头上解决问题。

Size-controlled preparation of hollow silica spheres and glyphosate release

Different-sized hollow SiO2 spheres of 249–1348 nm in diameter were successfully prepared by using Na2SiO3 as the precursor and using polystyrene and polystyrene-methyl acrylic acid latexes as the templates. The diameter and shell thickness of the hollow SiO2 spheres increase with increasing the latex template diameter at a given mass ratio of SiO2 to latex template. The diameter and shell thickness of the hollow SiO2 spheres also increase with increasing the mass ratios of SiO2 to latex template. The presence of carboxylic acid groups on the surfaces of polystyrene-methyl acrylic acid latex templates favors the formation of dense and uniform SiO2 shells. The hollow SiO2 sphere is constructed by mesoporous shell with large specific surface area. When glyphosate is used as a release model chemical, glyphosate release rate is tuned by varying the shell thickness.

Incorporation of Reactive Corrosion Inhibitor in Waterborne Acrylic Polyurethane Coatings and Evaluation of its Corrosion Performance

Hydroxyl-epoxy phosphate （HEP） as a reactive corrosion inhibitor was innovatively synthe- sized by the reaction of bisphenol A epoxy resin with phosphoric acid. HEP was mixed with hydroxyl acrylate resin, and crosslinked with waterborne isocyanate curing agent, which was used to form waterborne HEP/acrylic polyurethane composite （HEP-APU） coatings on Q235 steel surfaces. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization curves were applied to analyze the corrosion behavior of the HEP-APU coatings in 3.5wt% NaCl solutions. The results indicated that the HEP-APU coatings show a superior passivation property and efficient corrosion protection of Q235 steel. The waterborne acrylic polyurethane coating containing 0.5wt% HEP exhibited the best corrosion performance among all the coating specimens. The improved flash-rust resistance can be attributed to the introduction of the phosphate group which could form phosphate film on the steel substrate.

Enhance of Grafting Reaction of Acrylic Acid and Acrylamide onto Preirradiated Polypropylene Film

Grafting of acrylic acid (AAc) and acrylamide (AAm) onto preirradiated PP film was performed in aqueous solution of AAc and AAm, respectively. Electron beam accelerator was used as irradiation source. The effect of ferrous sulfate, sodium nitrate, methanol and glucose on the degree of grafting was demonstrated. The function of the different additives was compared by the grafting of different monomers (AAc and AAm). The results show that the four of these additives are elective on the grafting of AAc. Only two of these additives, ferrous sulfate and methanol were effective on the grafting of AAm.

Synthesis and characterization of hybrid organic-inorganic materials based on EA-MAn-APTES and silica

Poly (EA-MAn-APTES)/silica hybrid materials were successfully prepared fromEthyl acrylate (EA), maleic anhydride (MAn) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of acoupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES),by free-radical solution polymerization and insitu sol-gel process. The mass fraction of TEOS varied from 0 to 25%. The hybrid materials werecharacterized by the methods of FT-IR spectra, solvent extraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) andthermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measuring apparatus to get their structures, gel contents,morphologies, particle sizes and thermal performances. The results show that the covalent bonds arebetween organic and inorganic phases, gel contents in the hybrid materials are much higher, theSiO_2 phase is well dispersed in the polymer matrix, silicon dioxide exist at nanoscale in thecomposites and have excellent thermal stability.

Removal of manganese from waste water by complexation-ultrafiltration using copolymer of maleic acid and acrylic acid

Copolymer of maleic acid and acrylic acid （PMA-100）, combining with polyvinyl butyral （PVB） ultrafiltration membrane was used for the removal of Mn（II） from waste water by complexation-ultrafiltration. The carboxylic group content of PMA-100 and the rate of complexation reaction were measured. Effects of the mass ratio of PMA-100 to Mn（II） （n）, pH, background electrolyte, etc on the rejection rate （R） and permeate flux （J） were investigated. The results show that carboxylic group content of PMA-100 is 9.5 mmol/g. The complexation of Mn（II） with PMA-100 is rapid and completed within 5 min at pH 6.0. Both R and J increase with pH increasing in the range of 2.5-7.0, and R increases with the increase of n at pH 6.0 while J is little affected. The background electrolyte leads to the decrease of R, and CaCl2 has much greater effect on R than NaCl at the same ionic strength.

暂时冠桥材料挠曲强度的体外研究

目的:体外对比2种甲基丙烯酸酯类和3种bis-acryl类暂时冠桥材料的挠曲强度。方法:依据ISO4049:2000标准,制作25mm×2 mm×2 mm条状试样,人工唾液中37℃保存24 h后,在万能力学实验机上三点加荷测定试样挠曲强度。结果:5种材料挠曲强度值排序:QuickResin<ProtempⅡ<Curefast<Luxa-temp<Protemp 3 Garant。QuickResin、ProtempⅡ和Curefast之间没有统计学差异(P>0.05)。Protemp 3 Garant挠曲强度值高于Luxatemp(P<0.05),他们均高于前三者(P<0.05)。结论:bis-acryl类材料较甲基丙烯酸酯类材料强度好,但是早期bis-acryl类材料强度一般。临床医生应根据不同的病人选用合适的暂时冠桥材料。

苯丙乳液的裂解气相色谱-质谱分析

The products of thermal desorption were generated under the temperature of 280 ℃ and were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with capillary column,the residual monomer styrene was no detected.The products of pyrolysis were generated under the temperature of 550 ℃ and were analyzed by chromatography-mass spectrometry,14 compounds were detected.

Influence of Reactive Diluent on UV-curing of AcrylateTerminated Hyperbranched Polymers

A Aeries of hydroxylic hyperbranched polymers were derived from 2,2-bis(methylol) propionic acid and tris(methylol) propane reacted with acrylic acid to various extents. The obtained acrylated hyperbranched polymers alone or with a monofunctional diluent, isobornylene acrylate(IBOA) were further cured by UV radiation. The cured films based on the modified polymers alone all demonstrated poor mechanical properties due to their high network densities and low moving ability of polymer chains. For the composite systems, the cured films demonstrated improved mechanical properties due to the low network densities and high chain moving ability. With more IBOA included in the systems, acrylate groups can react to a higher extent during the curing process.

An Approach to the Flame Retardancy of EVA Copolymer by Plasma Treatmentc2

An attempt was made in the paper aiming at imparting flame retardancy to polymers by plasma grafting technique Based on EVA copolymers with different VA contents the author tried to use the Ar plasma followed by grafting with/without subsequent saponification and metal ion exchange expediting the charring of polymers upon heationg Characterization of the flammability of the plasma treated EVA copolymers grafted with acrylic monomers(MAA,AA and AAm)indicates that this approach turns out to be a promising way and worthy doing whatever in research and/or applications

STUDY ON THE STARCH GRAFTED ACRYLATE MONOMERS AND ITS COMPATIBILITY FOR THE BLEND SYSTEM OF STARCH AND POLYETHYLENE

By means of initiation of the high temperature and shearing stress of an extruder,we synthesized the graft copolymer of starch with acrylate monomers based on the simple dry method.The effects of reaction conditions on graft copolymerization were discussed. Grafted starch used as a compatibilizer for the blend system of starch and polyethylene was further investigated. The results indicate that grafted starch as a compatibilizer can improve the mechanical properties and rheologic properties of the blend of starch and polyethylene.

AE-36可发泡自交联丙烯酸乳液的研制

作为不织布用粘合剂和纺织物浸渍树脂,AE-36粘合剂主要由丙烯酸酯(acrylate)经乳液聚合而成。应用了氧化——还原引发系统,阴离子型和非离子型表面活性剂组成复合乳化体系等,整个聚合反应在较低温度条件下进行。经试验和试生产,确立了乳液的配方和工艺参数,达到了在引进不织布粘合生产线上,用AE-36乳液代替联邦德国BASF公司acronal 35D粘合剂的目的。