Action of homoeopathic medicines during the interim period of respite produced by artificial morbific agents - a substantialistic approach

Background Various authors have explained Dr.Hahnemann’s concept of vital force and its substantialism.However,the explanation of Dr.Stuart Close,in his book Genius of Homoeopathy,remains in a scientific view.The introduction of homeopathy involves philosophical and ethical foundations,with Dr.Stuart Close’s work offering a scientific perspective on vital forces and their role in health and disease.His statement,“All force is persistent and indestructible”,is the scientific statement of the Doctrine of Immortality[1].He provided the linear concept of power,force,and motion,representing the physical concepts of our dynamic,vital principle.According to him,power corresponds to a life principle(vital principle),force corresponds to vital force,and motion corresponds to the healthy state of man in the dynamic plane[1].When the life principle is deranged,the vital force becomes improper,leading to disease.Humanity has gone through different periods when it comes to physical well-being to lead a disease-free life.Gone were the times when the human race was expected to endure physical stress due to disease and quick relief is expected nowadays at all levels with the development of innovative and modern medicines.This transient alleviation of symptoms is temporary,and the patient would somehow return with the suffering again.This article emphasizes a new ideology of administering homeopathic medicines during the symptom-free period where the dynamic,vital principle is at rest and the action of which is substituted by yet another artificial morbific agent in materialistic doses,which remains an unavoidable situation that all homeopaths face.

College English Teaching Study Conducted by Discovery Learning Theory and Action Research——Take College English Ⅱ for Instance

The unceasing revolution of the global economy and culture boosts the revolutionary step of the educational circle.Combining the creed of The Guide of College English Teaching in 2016 with the results of investigation and survey in colleges, a research group in the Institute of Foreign Languages of Hankou University comes up with a revolutionary trial scheme on College English teaching conducted by discovery learning theory, as well as a research method of action research, which is in hope of mending the problems and shortcomings of current College English teaching.

Vertical Migration of Fine-Grained Sediments from Interior to Surface of Seabed Driven by Seepage Flows–‘Sub-Bottom Sediment Pump Action'

A scientific hypothesis is proposed and preliminarily verified in this paper: under the driving of seepage flows, there might be a vertical migration of fine-grained soil particles from interior to surface of seabed, which is defined as ‘sub-bottom sediment pump action' in this paper. Field experiments were performed twice on the intertidal flat of the Yellow River delta to study this process via both trapping the pumped materials and recording the pore pressures in the substrate. Experimental results are quite interesting as we did observe yellow slurry which is mainly composed of fine-grained soil particles appearing on the seabed surface; seepage gradients were also detected in the intertidal flat, under the action of tides and small wind waves. Preliminary conclusions are that ‘sediment pump' occurs when seepage force exceeds a certain threshold: firstly, it is big enough to disconnect the soil particles from the soil skeleton; secondly, the degree of seabed fluidization or bioturbation is big enough to provide preferred paths for the detached materials to migrate upwards. Then they would be firstly pumped from interior to the surface of seabed and then easily re-suspended into overlying water column. Influential factors of ‘sediment pump' are determined as hydrodynamics(wave energy), degree of consolidation, index of bioturbation(permeability) and content of fine-grained materials(sedimentary age). This new perspective of ‘sediment pump' may provide some implications for the mechanism interpretation of several unclear geological phenomena in the Yellow River delta area.

Highway Roadway Stability Influenced by Warm Permafrost and Seasonal Frost Action:A Case Study from Glennallen,Alaska,USA

Ground temperatures from four of the seven extensively studied highway cross-sections near Gulkana/Glennallen,Alaska during 1954;962,were chosen to better understand the impacts of highway construction on warm permafrost.Both the thawing of permafrost and seasonal frost action impacted on road surface stability for about 6 years until the maximum summer thaw reached about 3 m in depth.Seasonal frost action caused most of the ensuing stability problems.Unusually warm summers and the lengths of time required to re-freeze the active layer were far more important than the average annual air temperatures in determining the temperatures of the underlying shallow permafrost,or the development of taliks.The hypothesized climate warming would slightly and gradually deepen the active layer and the developed under-lying talik,but its effect would be obscured by unusually warm summers,by warmer than usual winters,and by the vari-able lengths of time of the zero curtains.At least one period of climate mini-cooling in the deeper permafrost during the early 20th century was noted.

STUDY ON ANTIBACTERIAL ACTION OF 4-[P-ACETYLAMINO]BENZENESULFONAMIDOL SELENOMORPHOLINE BY MICROCALORIMETRY

Antibacterial action of 4-[p-acetylamino benzenesulfonamido] selenomorpholine (SeB) was studied by microcalorimetry with an LKB-2277 Bioactivity Moni-tor. It was found that SeB had the capacity to inhibit the metabolic growth of Escherichia coli. But in different sol-vent, the extent of inhibition is different. Removing the effect of solvent, we obtained the half-inhibition conce.ntra-tion(IC50) of SeB from the power-time curves. The value of IC50 of SeB was 1319μg ·mL-1.

Etching and Damage Action on Microbes' Cells by Low Energy N^+ Beam

The action of etching and damage by 20 keV N+ beam on the cells of Deinococcus radiodurans and Escherichia coli was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrum of free radicals. The results showed that N+ implantation exerted the direct action of etching and damage of momentum transferring and the indirect action of the free radicals of energy deposition on their cells, many microholes were found on the surface of cells' wall and /or membrane by SEM, the damaged DNA was determined using DNA unwinding technique, and the signal of free radicals was measured by ESR. The degree of damage to cells by ion beam gradually increased with the increase implantation dose. With the post-treatment of 2 mmol/l caffeine and 0.5 mmol / l Na2-EDTA, the survival rate of D.radiodurans and E.coli further decreased in the order of caffeine > Na2-EDTA > control, and this suggested that low energy ion beam could be implanted into nucleus, doing a damage to DNA and resulting in the mutation of organisms.

Discovery for New Herbicide Sites of Action by Quantification of Plant Primary Metabolite and Enzyme Pools

No herbicide with a new molecular site of action(SOA)has been introduced since the 1980s.Since then,the widespread evolution of resistance of weeds to most commercial herbicides has greatly increased the need for herbicides with new SOAs.Two untried strategies for the discovery on new herbicide SOAs are discussed.Some primary metabolism intermediates are phytotoxic(e.g.,protoporphyrin IX and sphingoid bases),and,because of this,the in vivo concentrations of these compounds are maintained at very low levels by plants.The determination of all primary metabolite phytotoxicities and pool sizes will identify targets of interest.Targeting SOAs that result in accumulation of phytotoxic compounds is the first novel approach to herbicide discovery.The second approach is to identify potential SOAs with very low in vivo enzyme levels.We know that higher numbers of enzyme molecules for a SOA requires more herbicide to kill a plant.Modern proteomic methods can identify low enzyme level SOAs for biorational herbicide discovery.These approaches might be useful in discovery of herbicides more closely related to natural compounds and that can be used in lower doses.

Sufficiently diffused attachment of nitrogen arc by gasdynamic action

For realizing diffused anode attachment in pure nitrogen arcs, a special arc plasma generator was designed and combined with suitable working parameters such as gas flow rate and arc current. The anode has a flow-restrictor channel of 2.8 mm diameter and downstream expansion half-angle of 8°, with the purpose of creating a dispersed nitrogen-arc column by strong gasdynamic expansion effect. Results show that, when thermal blocking condition existed in the flow restrictor and the cathode cavity pressure was higher than that in the exit chamber by at least 9 kPa, the action due to gasdynamic expansion could be much stronger than the self-magnetic contraction effect of the arc and the nitrogen arc column could be effectively dispersed to form a sufficiently diffused attachment on the water-cooled anode surface.

Relational Reinforcement Learning with Continuous Actions by Combining Behavioural Cloning and Locally Weighted Regression

Reinforcement Learning is a commonly used technique for learning tasks in robotics, however, traditional algorithms are unable to handle large amounts of data coming from the robot’s sensors, require long training times, and use dis-crete actions. This work introduces TS-RRLCA, a two stage method to tackle these problems. In the first stage, low-level data coming from the robot’s sensors is transformed into a more natural, relational representation based on rooms, walls, corners, doors and obstacles, significantly reducing the state space. We use this representation along with Behavioural Cloning, i.e., traces provided by the user;to learn, in few iterations, a relational control policy with discrete actions which can be re-used in different environments. In the second stage, we use Locally Weighted Regression to transform the initial policy into a continuous actions policy. We tested our approach in simulation and with a real service robot on different environments for different navigation and following tasks. Results show how the policies can be used on different domains and perform smoother, faster and shorter paths than the original discrete actions policies.

BCCLR:A Skeleton-Based Action Recognition with Graph Convolutional Network Combining Behavior Dependence and Context Clues

In recent years,skeleton-based action recognition has made great achievements in Computer Vision.A graph convolutional network(GCN)is effective for action recognition,modelling the human skeleton as a spatio-temporal graph.Most GCNs define the graph topology by physical relations of the human joints.However,this predefined graph ignores the spatial relationship between non-adjacent joint pairs in special actions and the behavior dependence between joint pairs,resulting in a low recognition rate for specific actions with implicit correlation between joint pairs.In addition,existing methods ignore the trend correlation between adjacent frames within an action and context clues,leading to erroneous action recognition with similar poses.Therefore,this study proposes a learnable GCN based on behavior dependence,which considers implicit joint correlation by constructing a dynamic learnable graph with extraction of specific behavior dependence of joint pairs.By using the weight relationship between the joint pairs,an adaptive model is constructed.It also designs a self-attention module to obtain their inter-frame topological relationship for exploring the context of actions.Combining the shared topology and the multi-head self-attention map,the module obtains the context-based clue topology to update the dynamic graph convolution,achieving accurate recognition of different actions with similar poses.Detailed experiments on public datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better results and realizes higher quality representation of actions under various evaluation protocols compared to state-of-the-art methods.

Workout Action Recognition in Video Streams Using an Attention Driven Residual DC-GRU Network

Regular exercise is a crucial aspect of daily life, as it enables individuals to stay physically active, lowers thelikelihood of developing illnesses, and enhances life expectancy. The recognition of workout actions in videostreams holds significant importance in computer vision research, as it aims to enhance exercise adherence, enableinstant recognition, advance fitness tracking technologies, and optimize fitness routines. However, existing actiondatasets often lack diversity and specificity for workout actions, hindering the development of accurate recognitionmodels. To address this gap, the Workout Action Video dataset (WAVd) has been introduced as a significantcontribution. WAVd comprises a diverse collection of labeled workout action videos, meticulously curated toencompass various exercises performed by numerous individuals in different settings. This research proposes aninnovative framework based on the Attention driven Residual Deep Convolutional-Gated Recurrent Unit (ResDCGRU)network for workout action recognition in video streams. Unlike image-based action recognition, videoscontain spatio-temporal information, making the task more complex and challenging. While substantial progresshas been made in this area, challenges persist in detecting subtle and complex actions, handling occlusions,and managing the computational demands of deep learning approaches. The proposed ResDC-GRU Attentionmodel demonstrated exceptional classification performance with 95.81% accuracy in classifying workout actionvideos and also outperformed various state-of-the-art models. The method also yielded 81.6%, 97.2%, 95.6%, and93.2% accuracy on established benchmark datasets, namely HMDB51, Youtube Actions, UCF50, and UCF101,respectively, showcasing its superiority and robustness in action recognition. The findings suggest practicalimplications in real-world scenarios where precise video action recognition is paramount, addressing the persistingchallenges in the field. TheWAVd dataset serves as a catalyst for the development ofmore robust and effective fitnesstracking systems and ultimately promotes healthier lifestyles through improved exercise monitoring and analysis.

A comprehensive cardiotoxicity assay by combining high-throughput multiple ion channel screening with human cardiomyocyte-based action potential validation

OBJECTIVE Cardiotoxicity refers to drug-induced arrhythmia such as Torsades de pointes.Current single ion channel(hERG)-based assay generates-30% false results.The aim is to establish an advanced in vitro cardiotoxicity assay by incorporating high throughput multiple cardiac ion channel screening and human cardiomyocytes-based validation.METHODS Effects of drugs were tested on multiple cell lines expressing hERG,Nav1.5 and Cav1.2 by automated patch clamping.Subsequently,the results were validated with human pluripotent stem cell(hPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes(hPSC-CMs)in which ion currents and action potentials were measured by manual patch clamping.RESULTS We have tested the cardiotoxicity of monomers extracted from various medical herbs.Mitragynine is the major bioactive compound isolated from kratom,a therapeutic herb from the rain forest of South East Asia.As a popular stimulant,it has been associated with a number of acute fatal incidences.We observed a typical torsadogenic hazard of mitragynine.It exerted a strong hERG inhibition in hERG-HEK293 cell line(IC50:5.2 μmol·L-1)and hPSC-CMs(IC50:0.91 μmol·L-1)without affecting other cardiac ion channels.Moreover,it caused a significant prolongation of action potential duration(APD)in hPSC-CMs(a-32.5%increase in APD at 50 and 90%repolarization).On the other hand,deoxylelephantopin,apotential anti-cancer reagent,demonstrated low cardiotoxicity.It exerted a week inhibition on hERG in HEK293 cells with an IC50 of 87.2 μmol·L-1,while the effective concentrations for suppressing the growth of cancer cells ranges from 2 to 20μmol·L-1.At 100μmol·L-1,deoxylelephantopin showed no effects on Cav1.2 and Nav1.5 and it failed to alter APD in hPSC-CMs.CONCLUSION We have successfully tested a newin vitro cardiotoxicity assay strategy which incorporates multiple cardiac ion channels screening and hPSC-CMs validation.This new strategy could facilitate the effective and efficient evaluation of existing and new drugs/reagents for potential pro-arrhythmic risk.

INTRINSIC FLUORESCENCE CHANGES IN NERVE TERMINALS,EVOKED BY ACTION POTENTIALS,ARE MODULATED BY KREBS CYCLE SUBSTRATES

Electrical stimulation of the mammalian neurohypophysial infundibular stalk evokes the entry of Nat and Ca^(2+) into the neurosecretory terminals during the action potential.These events,in turn,increase intracellular Ca^(2+) and activate NaK-and Ca-ATPases,prompting the mitochondria to increase oxidative phosphorylation which can be monitored by recording the changes in FAD and NADHfluorescence.This paper reflects our efforts to determine whether or not modulating the capacity of mitochondria to produce ATP,by changing the concentrations of two important substrates of the Krebs cycle of the nerve terminal mitochondria,pyruvate and glucose,has an effect on the intrinsicfluorescence changes triggered by action potential stimulation.

Actional Mechanism of Trifluoroacetic Acid for the Separation of Biopolymers by Reversed-phase Liquid Chromatography

The present paper covers the actional mechanism of trifluoroacetic acid for the separation of biopolymers investigated by using the parameters of stoichiometric displacement model for retention(SDM-R) in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. It was found that the trifluoroacetic acid(TFA) may participate in, or stimulate the association among displacing agent molecules in mobile phase, and decrease the affinity of both the associate molecules of the displacing agent and the TFA-protein ion-pairing. The former dominates over the separation selectivity of biopolymers as the concentration of TFA is lower than a given value, and the two contrary functions partly offset to each other and the latter dominates as its concentration is greater than the given value.

Evaluation on the Joint Action Between Chlorsulfuron and Haloxyfop-R by Bioassay

The joint action between chlorsulfuron and haloxyfop R was evaluated by bioassay with wheat and corn,respectivly.The dose response curve derived from wheat bioassay showed that the inhibition of haloxyfop R to wheat root growth wasn't affected by the increasing rate of chlorsulfuron.It indicated that chlorsulfuron had no antagonism to haloxyfop R.Meanwhile,the variation analysis of corn bioassay indicated that these two herbicides had joint action on inhibition to corn primary root growth.The joint action was evaluated as additive action by using Isobole Method.So chlorsulfuron and haloxyfop R could be used as tank mixture.

CHARACTERIZATION OF SIGNAL CONDUCTIONALONG DEMYELINATED AXONS BY ACTION-POTENTIAL-ENCODED SECOND HARMONICGENERATION

Action-potential encoded optical second harmonic generation(SHG)has been recently proposedfor use in det ecting the axonal damage in patients with demnyelinat ing diseases.In this study,thecharact erization of signal conduction along axons of two different levels of denyelination wasstudied via a modified Hodgkin Huxley model,because some types of demyelinating disease,i.e.primary progressive and secondary progesive multiple scleross,are dificult to be distinguishedby magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),we focused on the diferences in signal conduction between two diferent demyelinated axons,such as the first-level demyelination and the second.level demyelination.The spatio-temporal distribution of action potentials along denyelinatedaxons and conduction properties including the refractory period and frequency encoding in theset wo patterns were investigated.The results showed that denyelination could induce the decreaseboth in the amplitude of action potentials and the ability of frequency coding,Furthermore,t hesignal conduction velocity in the second-level dernyelination was about 21%slower than that inthe first-level demyelination.The refractory period in the second-level demyelination was about32%longer t han the first-level.Thus,detecting the signal conduction in demnyelinat ed axons byaction-potential encoded optical SHG could greatly improve the assessment of demyelinatingdisorders to classify the patients.This technique also offers a potential fast and noninvasiveoptical approach for monitoring membrane potential.

The Action Mechanism of Phase Transfer Catalyst in the Oxidation of Toluene by Mn^（3＋） in 40％ H_2SO_4

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RAP ID FIUORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF TRYP TOP HAN BY THE R(?)ACTION WITH CERIUM (Ⅳ)

A flmorimetric method for determination of t typ top han was proposed. This method is very simple, rapid in determination of tryp top han in aqueous medium. The percentage of recovery was satisfactory.

Diagnostic Analysis of Wave Action Density During Heavy Rainfall Caused by Landfalling Typhoon

Based on prior investigation,this work defined a new thermodynamic shear advection parameter,which combines the vertical component of convective vorticity vector,horizontal divergence,and vertical gradient of generalized potential temperature.The interaction between waves and fundamental states was computed for the heavyrainfall event generated by landfalling typhoon“Morakot”.The analysis data was produced by ADAS[ARPS(Advanced Regional Prediction System)Data Analysis System]combined with the NCEP/NCAR final analysis data(1°×1°,26 vertical pressure levels and 6-hour interval)with the routine observations of surface and sounding.Because it may describe the typical vertical structure of dynamical and thermodynamic fields,the result indicates that the parameter is intimately related to precipitation systems.The parameter’s positive high-value area closely matches the reported 6-hour accumulated surface rainfall.And the statistical analysis reveals a certain correspondence between the thermodynamic shear advection parameter and the observed 6-hour accumulated surface rainfall in the summer of 2009.This implies that the parameter can predict and indicate the rainfall area,as well as the initiation and evolution of precipitation systems.

Study on the mechanism of action of Lizhong Tang in ameliorating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating mitochondrial autophagy

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of LiZhong Tang in the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods:High-fat feed was used to induce NAFLD in rats,Blood and liver samples were collected to facilitate a comparative analysis of rat body mass and liver wet weight and calculate the liver index.Liver pathology was observed,while serum transaminase and blood lipid levels were measured.The protein expression levels of PINK1,Parkin,and LC-3II in rat liver were detected using Western Blot analysis.Results:Compared with the control group,the NAFLD rats exhibited a significant increase in body weight,liver wet weight,liver index,transaminase levels,and blood lipid levels.The expression levels of PINK1,Parkin,and LC3-II protein were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Following intervention with Lizhong Tang,rats in each herbal treatment group displayed a decrease in body weight,liver wet weight,liver index,se-rum transaminase,and blood lipid levels.The expression levels of PINK1,Parkin,and LC-3II rebounded(P<0.05),with the high-dose group demonstrating the most pronounced effects(P<0.01).Histopathological examination of liver tissue revealed that rats in the model group displayed disrupted hepatic lobule structure,swollen hepatocytes,disordered arrangement,and a multi-tude of varying-sized lipid vacuoles within the cytoplasm.Conversely,rats treated with different doses of the herbal remedy exhibited improvements in liver tissue pathology,with the high-dose group showing the most notable enhancement.Conclusion:Lizhong Tang can improve NAFLD disease by regulating mitochondrial autophagy.