A New Action-Based Reasoning Approach for Playing Chess

Many previous research studies have demonstrated game strategies enabling virtual players to play and take actions mimicking humans.The CaseBased Reasoning(CBR)strategy tries to simulate human thinking regarding solving problems based on constructed knowledge.This paper suggests a new Action-Based Reasoning(ABR)strategy for a chess engine.This strategy mimics human experts’approaches when playing chess,with the help of the CBR phases.This proposed engine consists of the following processes.Firstly,an action library compiled by parsing many grandmasters’cases with their actions from different games is built.Secondly,this library reduces the search space by using two filtration steps based on the defined action-based and encoding-based similarity schemes.Thirdly,the minimax search tree is fed with a list extracted from the filtering stage using the alpha-beta algorithm to prune the search.The proposed evaluation function estimates the retrievably reactive moves.Finally,the best move will be selected,played on the board,and stored in the action library for future use.Many experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed engine.Moreover,the engine played 200 games against Rybka 2.3.2a scoring 2500,2300,2100,and 1900 rating points.Moreover,they used the Bayeselo tool to estimate these rating points of the engine.The results illustrated that the proposed approach achieved high rating points,reaching as high as 2483 points.

Predicting Fintech Innovation Adoption:the Mediator Role of Social Norms and Attitudes

Digital innovation is challenging the traditional way of offering financial services to companies;the so-called Fintech phenomenon refers to startups that use the latest technologies to offer innovative financial services.Within the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB)and the Theory of Reasoned Action(TRA),the primary purpose of this paper is to develop a causal-predictive analysis of the relationship between Subjective Norms,Attitudes,and Perceived Behavioral Control with the Intention to Use and Behavioral Use of the Fintech services by companies.Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling methodology was used with data collected from a survey of 300 companies.Our findings support the TRA and TPB models and confirm their robustness in predicting companies’intention and use of Fintech services.Financial technology innovators must understand the processes involved in users’adoption to design sound strategies that increase the viability of their services.Studying the antecedents of behavioral intention to adopt Fintech services can greatly help understand the pace of adoption,allowing these players to attract and retain customers better.This study contributes to the literature by formulating and validating TPB to predict Fintech adoption,and its findings provide useful information for banks and Fintech companies and lead to an improvement in organizational performance management in formulating marketing strategies.

Motives Underlying Organic Food Consumption in Turkey： Impact of Health, Environment, and Consumer Values on Purchase Intentions

Raising ecological awareness and health concerns create question marks about healthiness and sustainability of conventional foods in customers＇ minds. Due to augmented mass media coverage of environmental problems, health concerns related to consumption of genetically modified food and/or chemical contaminants in food, and consumers＇ increasing interest in healthy nutrition and environmental protection, there is a growing interest for organic foods in all over the world. Growing interest for organic foods, and increasing production and demand in organic food market has made organic food consumption a significant topic of research. Although organic food market and demand for organic foods have also been growing in Turkey, literature regarding organic food consumption is not very extensive. Therefore, this study aims to understand the underlying motives for organic food consumption in Turkey, and to explore the factors affecting Turkish consumers＇ attitudes towards organic foods and the behavioral intention of Turkish consumers to purchase organic food by the help of the theory of reasoned action （TRA）. The results of 622 successful surveys used for this empirical research indicate that Turkish consumers＇ attitudes towards organic foods are determined by perception of organic foods, consumer values, and price perception, while their purchase intention is determined by health consciousness, perception of organic foods, consumer values, price perception, and environmental concerns.

A New Method for Reasoning about Action

Reasoning about action is an important aspect of common sense reasoning and planning. It gives rise to three classical problems: the frame problem,the qualification problem and the ramification problem. Ekisting approaches cannot deal with these problems efficiently. This paper presents a new method which uses the stratified ATMS for reasoning about action to overcome the limitations of these approaches.

Cognitive Supervisor for an Autonomous Swarm of Robots

As a sequel to our recent work [1], in which a control framework was developed for large-scale joint swarms of unmanned ground (UGV) and aerial (UAV) vehicles, the present paper proposes cognitive and meta-cognitive supervisor models for this kind of distributed robotic system. The cognitive supervisor model is a formalization of the recently Nobel-awarded research in brain science on mammalian and human path integration and navigation, performed by the hippocampus. This is formalized here as an adaptive Hamiltonian path integral, and efficiently simulated for implementation on robotic vehicles as a pair of coupled nonlinear Schr?dinger equations. The meta-cognitive supervisor model is a modal logic of actions and plans that hinges on a weak causality relation that specifies when atoms may change their values without specifying that they must change. This relatively simple logic is decidable yet sufficiently expressive to support the level of inference needed in our application. The atoms and action primitives of the logic framework also provide a straight-forward way of connecting the meta-cognitive supervisor with the cognitive supervisor, with other modules, and to the meta-cognitive supervisors of other robotic platforms in the swarm.

Private Club GMs＇/COOs＇ Perceptions in Adopting Social Media： Applying the Technology Acceptance Model

Social media have emerged as an important component of technology-mediated communications and many companies have been supporting the development of social networking sites as a part of brand communities （Kaplan ＆ Haenlein, 2010）. This study was undertaken to understand how private club general managers （GMs） and chief operating officers （COOs） perceive their ease of use, usefulness, and enjoyment of social media. Surveys were completed by attendees at the Club Managers Association of America Business Management Institute III （CMAA BMI III） executive development in Spring 2014 and Fall 2014. As one of a few empirical information technology （IT） studies in the context of the private club industry, the findings of this study are expected to provide baselines to academics and private club GMs/COOs in understanding the processes of social media technology adoption and acceptance in the private club industry.

A Subjectivist Defense of Radioman

Warren Quinn’s Radioman example makes vivid one of the strongest objectivist critiques of subjectivism:that an agent’s desires lack the power to rationalize her actions.The force of Radioman,however,derives from making the subjectivist commit to defining desires as dispositional states of action.Without this commitment,a subjectivist can escape Quinn’s argument and even save Radioman’s agency.In this paper,I will first present Quinn’s Radioman example and explain why it renders subjectivism inconsistent,then,I will offer a new conception of desires that stays within subjectivist parameters while avoiding the pitfall that doomed Radioman.I will go on to explain the flaw in Quinn’s argument against the power of desires to rationalize action,and,finally,I will present a modified version of Radioman who is indeed a rational agent.