Rutin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-viral, anti-tumor and immune regulatory effects. However, the neuroprotective effects of rutin in spinal cord injury are unknown. The p38 mitogen activated protein kinase...Rutin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-viral, anti-tumor and immune regulatory effects. However, the neuroprotective effects of rutin in spinal cord injury are unknown. The p38 mitogen activated protein kinase （p38 MAPK） pathway is the most important member of the MAPK family that controls inflammation. We assumed that the mechanism of rutin in the repair of spinal cord injury is associated with the inhibition of p38 MAPK pathway. Allen’s method was used to establish a rat model of spinal cord injury. The rat model was intraperitoneally injected with rutin （30 mg/kg） for 3 days. After treatment with rutin, Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor function scores increased. Water content, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta, and interleukin 6 levels, p38 MAPK protein expression and caspase-3 and -9 activities in T8–9 spinal cord decreased. Oxidative stress related markers superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels increased in peripheral blood. Rutin exerts neuroprotective effect through anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and inhibition of p38 MAPK pathway.展开更多
Studies concerning correlations between pituitary adenomas and cell apoptosis have mainly focused on upstream apoptosis signaling, but seldom on downstream mediators. In the present study, second mitochondria-derived ...Studies concerning correlations between pituitary adenomas and cell apoptosis have mainly focused on upstream apoptosis signaling, but seldom on downstream mediators. In the present study, second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases （Smac）, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein （XIAP）, and caspase-3 protein were qualitatively analyzed using immunohistochemistry, and quantified by western blot. Smac, XIAP, and caspase-3 mRNA expressions were detected by reverse transcription-PCR. Results showed that XIAP protein and mRNA expressions were greater in the invasive pituitary adenoma group compared with the noninvasive pituitary adenoma group. However, Smac and caspase-3 protein and mRNA expressions were lower in the invasive pituitary adenoma group compared with the noninvasive pituitary adenoma group. In the invasive pituitary adenomas, Smac expression was positively correlated with caspase-3 protein and mRNA expression （Protein： r = 0.55, P 0.01; mRNA： r = 0.50, P 0.01）. Smac and caspase-3 expressions were negatively correlated with XIAP protein and mRNA expression （Protein： r = -0.56, -0.64, P 0.01; mRNA： r = -0.69, -0.67, P 0.01）. However, no significant differences in correlation among Smac, XIAP, and caspase-3 were detectable in noninvasive pituitary adenomas. These data indicated that high expression of XIAP and low expression of Smac and caspase-3 suppressed cell apoptosis and led to enhanced invasiveness of pituitary adenomas. Thus, Smac, XIAP, and caspase-3 may be useful markers in determining the invasive behavior of pituitary adenomas.展开更多
目的研究程序性细胞死亡蛋白4(programmed cell death protein 4,PDCD4)在脓毒症诱导的急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)中的作用机制,以及调控PDCD4表达通过丝裂原活化蛋白激酶3(mitogen-activated protein kinase 3,MAP2K3)和p38...目的研究程序性细胞死亡蛋白4(programmed cell death protein 4,PDCD4)在脓毒症诱导的急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)中的作用机制,以及调控PDCD4表达通过丝裂原活化蛋白激酶3(mitogen-activated protein kinase 3,MAP2K3)和p38蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase,p38 MAPK)对脓毒症AKI起到潜在治疗作用。方法用脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)刺激人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2)构建脓毒症AKI细胞模型。进一步用腺病毒介导siRNA和过表达载体抑制和上调AKI细胞模型中PDCD4的表达;CCK-8法检测细胞增殖;用DCFH-DA及激光共聚焦显微镜检测细胞中ROS水平,用总SOD活性检测试剂和MDA检测试剂盒检测细胞中SOD和MDA水平;免疫共沉淀验证PDCD4和MAP2K3之间的蛋白相互作用;TUNEL染色法检测细胞凋亡;RT-qPCR和Western blot检测PDCD4及相关基因的mRNA和蛋白表达水平;ELISA法检测患者血清中炎症相关因子水平。结果LPS诱导可以促进HK-2细胞中PDCD4表达,下调PDCD4可抑制LPS诱导的HK-2细胞的炎症、氧化应激及细胞凋亡。数据库预测及免疫共沉淀证实PDCD4可以与MAP2K3相互作用,且在LPS诱导的HK-2细胞中,MAP2K3表达水平显著增强。MAP2K3过表达和p38 MAPK激动剂可以减轻PDCD4下调对LPS诱导的细胞炎症和氧化应激的影响并抑制细胞凋亡。结论下调PDCD4可以通过抑制MAP2K3和p38 MAPK从而抑制LPS诱导的肾小管上皮细胞的炎症和凋亡。展开更多
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible beneficial effects of Fenofibrate on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury（IRI） in mice and its potential mechanism. IRI was induced by bilateral renal ischemia for ...The aim of this study was to investigate the possible beneficial effects of Fenofibrate on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury（IRI） in mice and its potential mechanism. IRI was induced by bilateral renal ischemia for 60 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h. Eighteen male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups： sham-operated group（sham）, IRI＋saline group（IRI group）, IRI＋Fenofibrate（FEN） group. Normal saline or Fenofibrate（3 mg/kg） was intravenously injected 60 min before renal ischemia in IRI group and FEN group, respectively. Blood samples and renal tissues were collected at the end of reperfusion. The renal function, histopathologic changes, and the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-8（IL-8）, tumor necrosis factor alpha（TNF-α） and IL-6] in serum and renal tissue homogenate were assessed. Moreover, the effects of Fenofibrate on activating phosphoinositide 3 kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt） signaling and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α（PPAR-α） were also measured in renal IRI. The results showed that plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, histopathologic scores and the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-6 were significantly lower in FEN group than in IRI group. Moreover, Fenofibrate pretreatment could further induce PI3K/Akt signal pathway and PPAR-α activation following renal IRI. These findings indicated PPAR-α activation by Fenofibrate exerts protective effects on renal IRI in mice by suppressing inflammation via PI3K/Akt activation. Thus, Fenofibrate could be a novel therapeutic alternative in renal IRI.展开更多
[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of heat shock factor AtHsfAla on Caspase-3 activity in Arabidopsis thaliana under high tempera-ture stress, thus revealing the relationship between heat shoc...[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of heat shock factor AtHsfAla on Caspase-3 activity in Arabidopsis thaliana under high tempera-ture stress, thus revealing the relationship between heat shock factor AtHsfAl a and programmed cell death in A. thaliana. [ Method ] Different genotypes of A. thaliana （AtHsfAla-silenced transgenic and wild-type） seedlings were treated at 42 ℃. According to the fragmentation level of fluorogenic substrate Ac-DEVD- pNA, Caspase-3 activity was determined by spectrophotometry. [ Result] After high temperature treatment, Caspase-3 activity in A. thaliana was enhanced signifi-cantly. Caspase-3 activity in AtHsfAla-si／enced transgenic A. thaliana was higher than that in wild-type A. thaliana, which indicated that AtHsfAla could inhibit Caspase-3 activity in A. thaliana under high temperature stress. [ Conclusion] Under high temperature stress, heat shock factor AtHsfAla might exert inhibitory effects on programmed cell death by reducing Caspase-3 activity. This study provided the basis for clarifying the mechanism of stress resistance in plants.展开更多
就近年来白细胞介素6/非受体酪氨酸蛋白激酶/信号转导和转录激活因子3(interleukin-6/janus activated kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,IL-6/JAK/STAT3)信号通路在多种消化系统肿瘤中发挥的效应、中药单体...就近年来白细胞介素6/非受体酪氨酸蛋白激酶/信号转导和转录激活因子3(interleukin-6/janus activated kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,IL-6/JAK/STAT3)信号通路在多种消化系统肿瘤中发挥的效应、中药单体及其活性成分、中药复方对与IL-6/JAK/STAT3信号通路调控有关的消化系统肿瘤中的防治作用进行综述,探究中医药在延缓、阻抑甚至逆转炎-癌转化中发挥的作用,为防治肿瘤提供更有力的理论指导。展开更多
Alterations in embryonic neural stem cells play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We hypothesized that embryonic neural stem cells from SOD1G93A individuals might be more susceptible ...Alterations in embryonic neural stem cells play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We hypothesized that embryonic neural stem cells from SOD1G93A individuals might be more susceptible to oxidative injury, resulting in a propensity for neurodegeneration at later stages. In this study, embryonic neural stem cells obtained from human superoxide dis- mutase 1 mutant （SOD1G93A） and wild-type （SOD1wv） mouse models were exposed to H202. We assayed cell viability with mitochondrial succinic dehydrogenase colorimetric reagent, and measured cell apoptosis by flow cytometry. Moreover, we evaluated the expression of the adenos- ine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK） ct-subunit, paired box 3 （Pax3） protein, and p53 in western blot analyses. Compared with SOD1wr cells, SOD1~93A embryonic neural stem cells were more likely to undergo H202-induced apoptosis. Phosphorylation of AMPKct in SOD1G93A cells was higher than that in SOD1wr cells. Pax3 expression was inversely correlated with the phosphorylation levels of AMPKct. p53 protein levels were also correlated with AMPKct phosphorylation levels. Compound C, an inhibitor of AMPKa, attenuated the effects of H20~. These results suggest that embryonic neural stem cells from SOD1C93A mice are more susceptible to apoptosis in the presence of oxidative stress compared with those from wild-type controls, and the effects are mainly mediated by Pax3 and p53 in the AMPKa pathway.展开更多
基金supported in part by grants from the Young Scientists Awards Foundation of Shandong Province of China,No.BS2013YY049the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2012M511036
文摘Rutin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-viral, anti-tumor and immune regulatory effects. However, the neuroprotective effects of rutin in spinal cord injury are unknown. The p38 mitogen activated protein kinase （p38 MAPK） pathway is the most important member of the MAPK family that controls inflammation. We assumed that the mechanism of rutin in the repair of spinal cord injury is associated with the inhibition of p38 MAPK pathway. Allen’s method was used to establish a rat model of spinal cord injury. The rat model was intraperitoneally injected with rutin （30 mg/kg） for 3 days. After treatment with rutin, Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor function scores increased. Water content, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta, and interleukin 6 levels, p38 MAPK protein expression and caspase-3 and -9 activities in T8–9 spinal cord decreased. Oxidative stress related markers superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels increased in peripheral blood. Rutin exerts neuroprotective effect through anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and inhibition of p38 MAPK pathway.
文摘Studies concerning correlations between pituitary adenomas and cell apoptosis have mainly focused on upstream apoptosis signaling, but seldom on downstream mediators. In the present study, second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases （Smac）, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein （XIAP）, and caspase-3 protein were qualitatively analyzed using immunohistochemistry, and quantified by western blot. Smac, XIAP, and caspase-3 mRNA expressions were detected by reverse transcription-PCR. Results showed that XIAP protein and mRNA expressions were greater in the invasive pituitary adenoma group compared with the noninvasive pituitary adenoma group. However, Smac and caspase-3 protein and mRNA expressions were lower in the invasive pituitary adenoma group compared with the noninvasive pituitary adenoma group. In the invasive pituitary adenomas, Smac expression was positively correlated with caspase-3 protein and mRNA expression （Protein： r = 0.55, P 0.01; mRNA： r = 0.50, P 0.01）. Smac and caspase-3 expressions were negatively correlated with XIAP protein and mRNA expression （Protein： r = -0.56, -0.64, P 0.01; mRNA： r = -0.69, -0.67, P 0.01）. However, no significant differences in correlation among Smac, XIAP, and caspase-3 were detectable in noninvasive pituitary adenomas. These data indicated that high expression of XIAP and low expression of Smac and caspase-3 suppressed cell apoptosis and led to enhanced invasiveness of pituitary adenomas. Thus, Smac, XIAP, and caspase-3 may be useful markers in determining the invasive behavior of pituitary adenomas.
文摘目的研究程序性细胞死亡蛋白4(programmed cell death protein 4,PDCD4)在脓毒症诱导的急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)中的作用机制,以及调控PDCD4表达通过丝裂原活化蛋白激酶3(mitogen-activated protein kinase 3,MAP2K3)和p38蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase,p38 MAPK)对脓毒症AKI起到潜在治疗作用。方法用脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)刺激人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2)构建脓毒症AKI细胞模型。进一步用腺病毒介导siRNA和过表达载体抑制和上调AKI细胞模型中PDCD4的表达;CCK-8法检测细胞增殖;用DCFH-DA及激光共聚焦显微镜检测细胞中ROS水平,用总SOD活性检测试剂和MDA检测试剂盒检测细胞中SOD和MDA水平;免疫共沉淀验证PDCD4和MAP2K3之间的蛋白相互作用;TUNEL染色法检测细胞凋亡;RT-qPCR和Western blot检测PDCD4及相关基因的mRNA和蛋白表达水平;ELISA法检测患者血清中炎症相关因子水平。结果LPS诱导可以促进HK-2细胞中PDCD4表达,下调PDCD4可抑制LPS诱导的HK-2细胞的炎症、氧化应激及细胞凋亡。数据库预测及免疫共沉淀证实PDCD4可以与MAP2K3相互作用,且在LPS诱导的HK-2细胞中,MAP2K3表达水平显著增强。MAP2K3过表达和p38 MAPK激动剂可以减轻PDCD4下调对LPS诱导的细胞炎症和氧化应激的影响并抑制细胞凋亡。结论下调PDCD4可以通过抑制MAP2K3和p38 MAPK从而抑制LPS诱导的肾小管上皮细胞的炎症和凋亡。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81070557)
文摘The aim of this study was to investigate the possible beneficial effects of Fenofibrate on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury（IRI） in mice and its potential mechanism. IRI was induced by bilateral renal ischemia for 60 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h. Eighteen male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups： sham-operated group（sham）, IRI＋saline group（IRI group）, IRI＋Fenofibrate（FEN） group. Normal saline or Fenofibrate（3 mg/kg） was intravenously injected 60 min before renal ischemia in IRI group and FEN group, respectively. Blood samples and renal tissues were collected at the end of reperfusion. The renal function, histopathologic changes, and the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-8（IL-8）, tumor necrosis factor alpha（TNF-α） and IL-6] in serum and renal tissue homogenate were assessed. Moreover, the effects of Fenofibrate on activating phosphoinositide 3 kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt） signaling and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α（PPAR-α） were also measured in renal IRI. The results showed that plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, histopathologic scores and the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-6 were significantly lower in FEN group than in IRI group. Moreover, Fenofibrate pretreatment could further induce PI3K/Akt signal pathway and PPAR-α activation following renal IRI. These findings indicated PPAR-α activation by Fenofibrate exerts protective effects on renal IRI in mice by suppressing inflammation via PI3K/Akt activation. Thus, Fenofibrate could be a novel therapeutic alternative in renal IRI.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31260061,31060039)Project of Key Laboratory of Special Biological Resource Development and Utilization of Universities in Yunnan Province(GXZD201601)+1 种基金Key Discipline Construction Project of Kunming UniversityNational College Students' Innovation Project of China
文摘[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of heat shock factor AtHsfAla on Caspase-3 activity in Arabidopsis thaliana under high tempera-ture stress, thus revealing the relationship between heat shock factor AtHsfAl a and programmed cell death in A. thaliana. [ Method ] Different genotypes of A. thaliana （AtHsfAla-silenced transgenic and wild-type） seedlings were treated at 42 ℃. According to the fragmentation level of fluorogenic substrate Ac-DEVD- pNA, Caspase-3 activity was determined by spectrophotometry. [ Result] After high temperature treatment, Caspase-3 activity in A. thaliana was enhanced signifi-cantly. Caspase-3 activity in AtHsfAla-si／enced transgenic A. thaliana was higher than that in wild-type A. thaliana, which indicated that AtHsfAla could inhibit Caspase-3 activity in A. thaliana under high temperature stress. [ Conclusion] Under high temperature stress, heat shock factor AtHsfAla might exert inhibitory effects on programmed cell death by reducing Caspase-3 activity. This study provided the basis for clarifying the mechanism of stress resistance in plants.
文摘就近年来白细胞介素6/非受体酪氨酸蛋白激酶/信号转导和转录激活因子3(interleukin-6/janus activated kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,IL-6/JAK/STAT3)信号通路在多种消化系统肿瘤中发挥的效应、中药单体及其活性成分、中药复方对与IL-6/JAK/STAT3信号通路调控有关的消化系统肿瘤中的防治作用进行综述,探究中医药在延缓、阻抑甚至逆转炎-癌转化中发挥的作用,为防治肿瘤提供更有力的理论指导。
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China,No.81030019
文摘Alterations in embryonic neural stem cells play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We hypothesized that embryonic neural stem cells from SOD1G93A individuals might be more susceptible to oxidative injury, resulting in a propensity for neurodegeneration at later stages. In this study, embryonic neural stem cells obtained from human superoxide dis- mutase 1 mutant （SOD1G93A） and wild-type （SOD1wv） mouse models were exposed to H202. We assayed cell viability with mitochondrial succinic dehydrogenase colorimetric reagent, and measured cell apoptosis by flow cytometry. Moreover, we evaluated the expression of the adenos- ine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK） ct-subunit, paired box 3 （Pax3） protein, and p53 in western blot analyses. Compared with SOD1wr cells, SOD1~93A embryonic neural stem cells were more likely to undergo H202-induced apoptosis. Phosphorylation of AMPKct in SOD1G93A cells was higher than that in SOD1wr cells. Pax3 expression was inversely correlated with the phosphorylation levels of AMPKct. p53 protein levels were also correlated with AMPKct phosphorylation levels. Compound C, an inhibitor of AMPKa, attenuated the effects of H20~. These results suggest that embryonic neural stem cells from SOD1C93A mice are more susceptible to apoptosis in the presence of oxidative stress compared with those from wild-type controls, and the effects are mainly mediated by Pax3 and p53 in the AMPKa pathway.
