Study of Estrus Cow Serum （ECS） in Maturation Media on in vitro Maturation Rate of Bovine Oocytes

The objective of this research was to study the effect of ECS on cumulus expansion and rate of nucleus maturation of bovine oocytes. Media maturation were used： （1） TCM 199 ＋ FCS 10%; （2） TCM 199 ＋ FCS 10% ＋ ECS 5%; （3） TCM 199 ＋ FCS 10% ＋ ECS 7, 5%; （4） TCM 199 ＋ FCS 10% ＋ ECS 10%; （5） TCM 199 ＋ ECS 10%. Supplementation of ECS had significantly difference （P 〈 0.05） on expansion of cumulus cells and rate of nucleus maturation. Supplementation of ECS 5% was the best result in expanded cumulus cells and metaphase II rate： 82% and 72% respectively. It was concluded that medium of TCM 199 ＋ FCS 10%o ＋ ECS 5% was the best maturation medium

Screening high-quality fetal bovine serum for porcine oocyte maturation in vitro

Fetal bovine serum(FBS) is widely used in cell cultures due to its high stability and easy access. It was also used as a substitute for porcine follicular fluid(PFF) in previous studies. However, FBS components are unclear, and the presence of FBS in culture media may introduce a variation from batch to batch. This study aimed to establish an effective method to screen FBS in place of PFF in the culture media for porcine oocytes in vitro. We screened FBS from different sources by using porcine fetal fibroblast cells. The effects of six FBS samples on porcine fetal fibroblast cell growth were tested via frozen cell survival assay, cell clone formation assay, cell growth curve, and cell passage activity assay. The best serum that we called GFBS(heat-inactivated FBS, cat. no. 10500-64;Gibco) showed a similar effect on the maturation and development of porcine oocytes to that of PFF and can be used as a good substitute for PFF. These results suggested that the porcine fetal fibroblast cell culture test can be used as a valuable method to screen FBS for porcine oocyte maturation and embryonic development in vitro.

Effects of Chemical Activation on the Parthenogenetic Development of Porcine in vitro Maturation Oocytes

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of ionomycin combined with cytochalasin B （CB）, cycloheximide （CHX）, or 6-dimethylaminopurine （6-DMAP） on the activation of porcine oocytes. In Experiment 1, in vitro matured oocytes were activated with 15, 20, 25 or 30 mmol L -1 ionomycin separately. Activation rates of 20, 25 mmol L-1 and 30 mmol L treatments were higher （P〈0.05） than that of 15 mmol L-1 treatment. In Experiment 2, in vitro matured oocytes were activated with 20 mmol L-1 ionomycin for 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 rain and then incubated with 2 mmol L-1 6-DMAP for 6 h. Cleavage and blastocyst rates [（72.40 ± 13.02）%, （25.37 ± 11.43）%] after treatments for 40 min were higher （P〉0.05） than those of the other treatments. In Experiment 3, matured oocytes were activated with ionomycin and then incubated with 7.5 mg mL-1 CB, 10 mg mL-1 CHX, 2 mmol L-1 6-DMAP, 7.5 mg mL-1 CB ＋ 10 mg mL-1 CHX or 7.5 mg mL-1 CB ＋ 2 mmol L-1 6-DMAP for 6 h. The rates of activation, cleavage and blastocyst of 2 mmol L -1 6-DMAP treatment [（86.05 ± 4.29）%, （61.77 ±8.10）% and （21.62± 3.31）%] were higher （P〈0.05） than those of 7.5 mg mL-1 CB treatment. In Experiment 4, matured oocytes were activated with ionomycin and then incubated with 2 mmol L-1 6-DMAP for 3.5, 5.5 or 7.5 h. Cleavage rates and blastocyst rates of 5.5 h treatment [（66.59 ± 14.36）% and （25.40 ± 10.16）%] were higher （P〉0.05） than those of other treatments. In conclusion, activation of porcine oocytes appears to be most successful using the combination of ionomycin （20 mmol L-1, 40 min） followed by 6-DMAP （2 mmol L-1, 5.5 h）.

Influence of Follicular Fluid on <i>in Vitro</i>Maturation and Fertilization of Bovine Oocytes

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of time on in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes and of the addition of follicular fluid on meiotic progression. The cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) collected from 3 to 6 mm follicles were obtained from ovaries of slaughtered female animals. The medium of maturation was supplemented or not with 20 μL follicular fluid (FF);661 oocytes were matured in vitro (extrusion of the first polar corpuscle) for 22 hours with added follicular fluid (AFF) (72.01%) or without follicular fluid (WFF) (67.53%) and 679 oocytes were matured in vitro for 26 hours (extrusion of the first polar corpuscle) with AFF (92.1%) and WFF (77.15%). The results of extrusion of the second polar corpuscle as an event related to the fertilization percentages showed that the increase in the fertilization rate is maintained at 26 hours with AFF (79.45%), but the percentage decreases WFF (65.08%). After 22 hours, the fertilization rate was 62.38% AFF and 53.40% WFF. The developmental competence of bovine oocytes is affected by the duration of maturation in vitro and the inclusion in the FF culture medium. The use of follicular fluid in the in vitro maturation medium may be a biological strategy to increase the cumulus expansion, the nuclear maturation and the in vitro fertilization.

Effects of Ages of Donors and Conditions of Preserving Ovaries on Porcine Oocytes Maturation in vitro and Efficiency of Parthenogenetic Activation

Effects of different ages of donors and different conditions of preserving ovaries onporcine oocytes maturation in vitro and efficiency of parthenogenetic activation werestudied. The experiments included: 1) effects of different temperatures (22, 30, 37, 38.5and 40℃) of preserving ovaries on porcine oocytes maturation in vitro and developmentalpotential; 2) effects of periods of preserving ovaries on porcine oocytes maturation invitro and development in vitro; 3) effects of different ages of donors on porcine oocytesmaturation in vitro and developmental potential. The results of the experiment showed:1) There were no statistical differences (p>0.05) of the parthenogenetic cleavage rate(79.64% vs 76.18%) and blastocyst rate (18.11% vs 33.82%) between oocytes from ovariespreserved at 38.5℃ and those preserved at 37℃. When the preserving temperature wasincreased to 40℃, the cleavage rate (21.68%) and the blastocyst rate (0) were greatsignificantly lower than those at 37℃(p<0.01). The cleavage rate (80.79% vs 76.18%) andblastocyst rate (29.61% vs 33.82%) were not different between 30 and 37℃(p>0.05). Whenthe preserving temperature was decreased to 22℃, the rate of cleavage was not different,but the rate of blastocyst was significantly lower, compared with that at 37℃; 2) Thecleavage and blastocyst rates of the porcine oocytes collected after slaughter 2 or 6hwere not different (p>0.05); 3) The cleavage rate of oocytes from gilts and sows aftermaturation was not different, but the blastocyst rate of the sow group was significantlyhigher than that of gilt group (p<0.05). The blastocyst cell number of sows and giltshowed no difference (p>0.05).

Parthenogenesis and activation of mammalian oocytes for <i>in vitro</i>embryo production: A review

Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction found in females, where growth and development of embryos occurs without fertilization by a male. Parthenogenesis occurs naturally in aphids, Daphnia, rotifers, nematodes and some other invertebrates but can also be induced efficiently in mammalian oocytes by providing appropriate stimuli invitro. Recently, parthenogenesis has attracted wide attention because of the role of activated oocytes in the field of research that have been described such as intra cytoplasmic sperm injection, cloning by nuclear transfer, somatic cell cloning, investigating culture conditions etc. & potential for deriving pluripotent stem cell lines and their differentiation into various cell lines that can be utilized for various tissue engineering applications. The parthenogenetically activated oocytes possess maternal genome and can developed in to either haploid, diploid or polyploidy embryos with the help of it we can analyze the possible role of all the genes involved in imprinting processes as well as the role the paternal genome plays during early embryo development by comparing them with fertilized embryos. Several methods are able to induce parthenogenetic activation through the elevation of cytoplasmic free calcium in oocytes. But one common, universal method or activation agents has not been developed for all species because the process is highly specific for each species. Therefore, activation step for each species need to be optimized accordingly. This review describes the general method of activation of mammalian oocytes and their genomic imprinting analysis.

Effect of Lamb Age and in vitro Culture System of Oocytes on JIVET Technology

[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of lamb age and in vitro culture system of oocytes on the results of juvenile in vitro embryo transfer( JIVET). [Methods]Ten Dorper × small-tailed Han lambs aged 5 to 10 weeks were induced to superovulate via i. p. injection of pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin( PMSG). The oocytes were matured in basal maturation solution or modified maturation solution,which was prepared by adding 200 μmol/L cysteine to the basal maturation solution. Then,the oocytes were fertilized in fertilization medium I containing 2% estrus sheep serum( ESS) or fertilization medium II containing 3 mg/ml bull serum albumin( BSA). Finally,the number of oocytes,oocyte maturation rate and cleavage rate of the lambs of different ages were determined. [Results]The average number of oocytes recovered per lamb was( 111. 00 ± 16. 97),( 139. 50 ± 28. 99),( 108. 50 ± 17. 68) and( 42. 00 ± 11. 31) for5-,7-,8-and 10-week-old Dorper × small-tailed Han lambs,respectively. The number of oocytes obtained from 5-,7-and 8-week-old lambs was significantly higher than that from 10-week-old lambs( P < 0. 05),but there was no significant difference among 5-,7-and 8-week-old lambs( P > 0. 05). The maturation rate of oocytes cultured in modified maturation solution was 3. 64% higher than that in basal maturation solution. The cleavage rate of oocytes in fertilization medium I was very significantly higher than that in fertilization medium II( P < 0. 01). [Conclusions] The results of JIVET can be improved by harvesting oocytes from lambs aged 5-8 weeks,adding a certain amount of cysteine into oocyte maturation solution,and a certain amount of ESS into fertilization medium.

Ghrelin和GHS-R1a mRNA在牛卵母细胞体外成熟过程中的表达

【目的】探讨Ghrelin和GHS-R1a mRNA在牛卵母细胞体外成熟过程中的表达及二者表达与FSH之间的关系。【方法】利用实时定量RT-PCR技术检测体外成熟进程中牛卵母细胞Ghrelin和GHS-R1a mRNA水平表达变化,观察不同浓度FSH对Ghrelin和GHS-R1a mRNA表达的作用以及FSH与FSH受体抑制剂的组合对Ghrelin和GHS-R1a基因表达的影响。【结果】实时定量RT-PCR结果揭示牛卵母细胞Ghrelin和GHS-R1a mRNA的相对表达量随着成熟过程的延长而呈现一定变化规律,即Ghrelin和GHS-R1a mRNA在卵母细胞体外成熟过程中从8 h开始显著下降并持续此低表达水平到24 h;不同浓度FSH显著抑制卵母细胞Ghrelin及GHS-R1a mRNA的表达,而FSH受体抑制剂明显减弱FSH的抑制作用而促进二者表达。【结论】Ghrelin和GHS-R1a mRNA在卵母细胞体外成熟过程中的表达可能随着培养液中FSH升高而降低。

女性癌症患者生育力保存技术

随着近年癌症患者生存率的不断提高以及相关辅助生殖技术的发展,针对女性癌症患者的生育力保存也成为了现阶段的研究热点。本文对近10年的文献研究中报道的女性生育力保存技术进行综述。包括卵巢组织冷冻与移植、卵巢组织体外激活技术、卵巢抑制、卵巢移位术、人工卵巢、未成熟卵母细胞冷冻和胚胎冷冻技术等生育力保存技术的有效性和安全性,并讨论比较了每种方法的优、缺点。以期将来能为女性癌症患者选择合适的生育力保存技术提供支持。

屠宰母牛卵巢卵母细胞体外受精与发育的研究

将从屠宰母牛卵巢采得的卵母细胞用含有LH或hCG的M199培养24～26小时,然后用经钙离子载体Ionophore A23187诱导获能的牛新鲜或冷冻精子进行授精处理。授精6～7小时后再用含有乳酸钠和EDTA的M199培养至48～60小时后观察受精及受精卵的发育情况。结果表明,卵子的受精率及受精卵的发育率与卵母细胞成熟用培养基、授精用精子(新鲜或冷冻)以及供卵牛的品种均有关系。将用含有hCG的M199培养成熟的卵子,以获能处理过的新鲜精子授精后,其受精率和受精卵子中单精子受精并发育为2～8细胞期胚的比率在蒙古牛为91.4％(265/200)和19.6％(52/265),在黑白花奶牛为69.7％(62/89)和4.8％(3/62)。

不同激活方法对猪体外成熟卵母细胞孤雌发育的影响

研究了猪体外成熟卵母细胞的电激活、离子霉素激活和乙醇激活的方法。3种不同激活方法筛选试验表明,猪卵母细胞电激活最佳参数为电场强度130V/min,脉冲时程80μs的1次脉冲激活,即130V/mm-80μs-1次,其囊胚(发育)率为18.92%±8.48%(P>0.05);离子霉素激活的最佳条件为15μmol/L、激活时间40min,其囊胚率为21.27%±8.54%(P>0.05);乙醇激活最佳参数以9%乙醇激活处理3min,囊胚率为13.33%±7.64%。进一步对比试验表明,电激活和离子霉素激活处理的囊胚率和囊胚细胞数无显著差异(P>0.05),电激活的卵裂率明显高于乙醇激活(P<0.05),而囊胚率和细胞数差异不显著(P>0.05)。

HA对牛卵母细胞体外成熟和早期胚胎体外发育影响的研究

在TCM-199中添加一些确定的辅助成分,探讨在无血清培养基中添加不同浓度HA对牛卵母细胞体外成熟及早期胚胎体外发育的影响。结果表明,在卵母细胞成熟培养液(TCM-199-m)中添加4.0mg/mL的HA时,卵母细胞的成熟率和卵裂率与对照组(BSA)无显著差异(P>0.05),分别为85.14%,83.57%和89.47%,85.24%,但显著高于其他各浓度组(P<0.05),表明HA在卵母细胞无血清成熟培养中可代替BSA。在受精卵体外培养液(TCM-199-c)中添加HA时,囊胚发育率与对照组(BSA)差异不显著(P>0.05),分别为27.64%和26.51%,但显著高于TCM-199-c组(P<0.05),表明HA对牛胚胎体外发育具有明显的促进作用,在无血清培养中可以代替BSA。当在TCM-199-c+HA中添加少量的BSA时,囊胚发育率(31.19%)显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),表明HA欲完全代替BSA还有不完善之处,有待进一步研究。

猪卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌激活效率影响因素分析

研究了月龄和卵巢采集后的保存条件对猪卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌激活效率的影响 ,以确立猪卵母细胞体外成熟的最佳条件。试验包括 :(1)卵巢保存的生理盐水温度 (2 2、30、37、38.5、4 0℃ )对猪卵母细胞体外成熟和发育潜力的影响。 (2 )卵巢保存时间对猪卵母细胞体外成熟和后期发育的影响。 (3)初情期前后母猪卵母细胞对体外成熟和发育潜力的影响。结果表明 ,(1) 38.5℃保存的卵巢卵母细胞激活后的卵裂率 (79.6 4 % )和囊胚率(18.11% ) ,37℃的卵裂率 (76 .18% )和囊胚率 (33.82 % )相比 ,差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 )。当温度达到 4 0℃时 ,卵裂率(2 1.6 8% )和囊胚率 (0 )与 37℃相比差异极显著 (P <0 .0 1)。 30℃与 37℃相比 ,卵裂率和囊胚率之间差异不明显 (P>0 .0 5 )。而当温度降低到 2 2℃时 ,卵裂率和囊胚率明显降低 (P <0 .0 5 )。 (2 )猪卵巢在体外保存 2和 6h对卵母细胞激活后的卵裂率 (6 8.86 %VS 6 8.74 % )和囊胚率 (16 .12 %VS 16 .0 9% )无显著影响 (P >0 .0 5 )。 (3)初情期前、后母猪卵母细胞激活后的卵裂率没有显著差异 (72 .90 %± 7.0 4 %VS 77.35 %± 8.2 9%P >0 .0 5 ) ,但初情期后母猪卵母细胞激活后的囊胚发育率显著高于初情期前 (2 2 .5 2 %± 7.4 8%VS 36 .6 2 %± 10 .2 5 % 。

牛卵巢卵母细胞体外成熟的研究

研究了卵巢采卵方法以及卵巢保存温度和时间、性周期阶段、激素和培养基对牛卵母细胞体外成熟的影响.结果表明:从屠宰场获取的卵巢,先切剖或抽吸卵泡再切割卵巢,可显著提高可用卵母细胞数.卵巢保存时间在2 h以内最好,最长不超过6 h.30～39 ℃的生理盐水保存卵巢,卵母细胞的成熟率(63.9 %)和卵裂率(34.4 %)均显著高于2～8 ℃(16.7 %、0 %)和20～29 ℃(54.1 %、31.7 %)保存的.采集卵母细胞时卵巢所处性周期阶段(卵泡期、黄体期)对卵母细胞体外成熟的影响不大(成熟率分别为69.2 %、64.3 %).M199是牛卵母细胞体外成熟理想的培养基,M199 + 50 IU/mL LH+ 100 IU/mL FSH + 1μg/mL 17β-E2和M199 + 50 IU/mL GnRH+1 μg/mL 17β-E2都是牛卵母细胞体外成熟理想的培养系统(成熟率分别为69.4 %、67.5 %,卵裂率分别为35.4 %、42.7 %).

化学激活对猪体外成熟卵母细胞孤雌发育的影响

探索了离子霉素结合细胞松驰素B(cytochalasinB,CB)、放线菌酮(cycloheximide,CHX)以及6-二甲基嘌呤(6-dimethylaminopurine,6-DMAP)等化学物质,对猪卵母细胞激活后发育的影响。试验1,体外成熟卵母细胞分别用15、20、25、30μmol·L-1的离子霉素处理40min或电激活(1.3kV·cm-1,80μs,1次脉冲),结果表明,20μmol·L-1组的激活率(69.93±5.80)%显著高于15μmol·L-1组(P<0.05),但与其它各组差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验2,卵母细胞采用20μmol·L-1离子霉素分别激活10、20、30、40、50min,再用2mmol·L-16-DMAP处理6h,其中,40min组的卵裂率、囊胚率[(72.40±13.02)%、(25.37±11.43)%]较高,但与其它各组差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验3,卵母细胞经离子霉素(20μmol·L-1、40min)激活后,分别用7.5μg·ml-1CB、10μg·ml-1CHX、2mmol·L-16-DMAP、7.5μg·ml-1CB+10μg·ml-1CHX和7.5μg·ml-1CB+2mmol·L-16-DMAP处理6h,2mmol·L-16-DMAP组的激活率、卵裂率和囊胚率[(86.05±4.29)%、(61.77±8.10)%和(21.62±3.31)%]显著高于7.5μg·ml-1CB组(P<0.05)与另外几组差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验4,卵母细胞由离子霉素(20μmol·L-1、40min)激活后,用2mmol·L-16-DMAP分别处理3.5、5.5、7.5h,5.5h组的卵裂率和囊胚率[(66.

电激活对完全体外化牛细胞核移植的影响

牛卵母细胞在体外成熟２３～２４ｈ时去核，去核卵用８０Ｖ／ｍｍ４０μｓ两次电脉冲激活（Ⅰ组）或不激活（Ⅱ组），然后将体外受精、发育的８～３２细胞期胚胎的单个卵裂球注入卵周隙，用８０Ｖ／ｍｍ４０μｓ两次电脉冲诱导卵裂球与去核卵母细胞融合。Ⅰ组操作后存活率和融合率（８８．４％和５５．０％）显著低于Ⅱ组（９５．９％和６５．１％，Ｐ＜０．０５）。融合卵体外培养２４ｈ和５～８ｄ后，Ⅰ组核移植胚胎的卵裂率和桑椹／囊胚发育率（６３．０％和１５．２％）与Ⅱ组（５０．５％和７．８％）无显著差异，但Ⅰ组结果均好于Ⅱ组。将来自两组的２５枚桑椹和囊胚移植到１６头同期受体，在已检查过的８头受体中２头受体妊娠，其中１头于妊娠后４个多月流产，１头于妊娠期满后产出一雄性牛犊。研究结果表明：去核卵母细胞的电激活尽管对重组卵的存活与融合不利，但可改善核移植胚的卵裂和发育。本研究在我国首次获得牛细胞核移植的成功，证明用ＩＶＭ卵母细胞和ＩＶＦ胚胎进行完全体外化的牛细胞核移植是可行的。

体外成熟培养20～22h牛卵母细胞激活及孤雌发育的研究

本研究将体外成熟培养 2 0～ 2 2h的牛卵母细胞 ,用Ca2 + 上升因子单一激活或组合Ca2 + 上升因子和蛋白质抑制因子激活 ,其结果单一激活的卵子激活率在 19.2 %～ 2 8.0 % ,复合激活的卵子激活率在 84 .2 %～ 86 .8%。单一激活组的卵子激活率显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,复合激活组的卵子激活率显著高于单一激活组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而单一激活组之间和复合激活组之间无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。复合激活组的卵裂率及孤雌发育都显著高于对照组。

卵丘细胞对牛卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

为了提高牛卵母细胞体外成熟率,以机械裸卵(DOs)、卵丘-卵母细胞复合体(COCs)和添加的离散卵丘细胞的不同组合,对卵丘细胞在卵母细胞体外成熟过程中的影响进行了探索,并对不同卵丘细胞的作用途径和强度进行了分析。试验结果表明:添加离散卵丘细胞能够显著促进DOs的体外成熟(57.98±14.27 vs 35.53±14.00,P<0.05),对COCs具有促进趋势但差异不显著(76.66±5.77 vs 66.76±9.46,P>0.05);卵母细胞胞外卵丘细胞对与之共培养的DOs的体外成熟促进作用效果不明显(35.83±18.32 vs 35.53±14.00,P>0.05)。分析结果显示:卵母细胞胞外卵丘细胞主要通过间隙连接促进卵母细胞的体外成熟,添加的离散卵丘细胞主要以旁分泌途径促进卵母细胞的体外成熟;3层及其以上胞外卵丘细胞能够提高其包裹的卵母细胞平均体外成熟能力的85.34%,添加的离散卵丘细胞能够提高COC平均体外成熟能力的16.18%,能够提高DO平均体外成熟能力的60.61%。

绵羊体外成熟卵母细胞的电激活及其在体外孤雌发育的研究

首先对绵羊卵母细胞收集及其体外成熟（ＩＶＭ）条件进行了摸索，然后对影响电刺激激活ＩＶＭ卵母细胞的因素进行了研究，观察激活后卵母细胞在体外的发育能力。结果表明，剥离法比注射器吸卵法所获得的卵母细胞成熟率高，激活更加正常。剥离法收集的卵母细胞体外成熟培养２７小时后，以含０１ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＣａＣｌ２、０１ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＭｇＳＯ４和１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ组氨酸的０２８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ肌醇（ｉｎｏｓｉｔｏｌ）作基础电击液，施以２次脉冲（间隔２２分钟）可获得最佳的激活效果。激活后的卵母细胞，在体外培养后进一步观察到，先在ＣＺＢ中与输卵管上皮细胞（ＳＯＥＣ）共同培养４８小时，再转移至Ｍ１９９＋１０％胎牛血清及ＳＯＥＣ共同培养，卵母细胞分裂率（７８３％）及桑椹胚和囊胚发育率（３０％）明显提高。

不同激活方法对猪孤雌胚胎单倍体率的影响

【目的】采用不同的物理或化学方法激活猪卵母细胞,以期获得一种能有效产生猪单倍体孤雌胚胎的激活方法。【方法】试验一分别采用电激活、电激活结合细胞松弛素B(CB)、不同浓度乙醇以及不同作用时间对成熟卵母细胞进行激活处理,试验二检测电激活结合MG-132或Thimerosal和DTT对成熟卵母细胞的激活效果。【结果】试验一显示电激活结合CB组(27.34%)处理后的囊胚率显著高于电激活处理组(16.92%)(P<0.05),且二者均显著高于所有的乙醇组(P<0.05),乙醇处理组中以9%乙醇作用11 min效果最佳(10.20%)。试验二显示电激活结合MG-132组的囊胚发育率(24.69%)与电激活结合CB组(27.50%)没有显著差异,二者显著高于电激活结合Thimerosal和DTT组(14.10%)及电激活处理组(17.5%)(P<0.05)。对所得囊胚进行染色体倍性分析后得出,电激活处理后的囊胚单倍体率(41.7%)与9%乙醇处理组(40%)和电激活结合Thimerosal和DTT处理组(35.3%)无显著差异,但却显著高于电激活结合CB(0)及电激活结合MG-132(6.7%)处理组(P<0.05)。【结论】综合囊胚发育率和囊胚单倍体比率,电激活、9%乙醇、电激活结合Thimerosal、DTT和电激活结合MG-132处理组获得单倍体囊胚的总效率分别为7.3%(17.5%×41.7%)、4.1%(10.2%×40%)、5.0%(14.1%×35.3%)和1.7%(24.69%×6.7%)。电脉冲处理可能是比较理想的获得猪单倍体孤雌胚胎的激活方法。