Several Chinese marine satellites have been launched in recent years.Monitoring sea ice and the ocean in the Arctic is of great importance for climate research.Sea ice in the Arctic has changed rapidly during the past...Several Chinese marine satellites have been launched in recent years.Monitoring sea ice and the ocean in the Arctic is of great importance for climate research.Sea ice in the Arctic has changed rapidly during the past few decades with respect to the extent and thickness.In this study,we applied combined passive and active microwave data from the Chinese HaiYang-2B(HY-2B)satellite to classify ice and sea water in the Arctic.We use data from a radar altimeter(RA)and a calibration microwave radiometer(CMR)to discriminate between ice and water by applying several approaches(1)the single parameter threshold criteria,(2)the multi-parameters linear segmentations and(3)the K-means clustering.The results yielded by these methods were in good agreement(classification accuracy>95%)with the Satellite Application Facility on Ocean and Sea Ice products between November and April.For other months(May–October),however,the agreement was less good(lowest classification accuracy approximate 85%in summer).A hybrid approach combined with graphical ice edges detection and microwave radar waveform analysis is therefore developed.A visual comparison with SAR images suggested the hybrid approach results greatly improved the ice and water discrimination in summer.This study demonstrated that multi-sensors(RA and CMR)configurations from HY satellites can offer comparable polar earth observation to the European Space Agency and NOAA satellite products.展开更多
For many environmental and agricultural applications, an accurate estimation of surface soil moisture is essential. This study sought to determine whether combining Sentinel-1A, Sentinel-2A, and meteorological data wi...For many environmental and agricultural applications, an accurate estimation of surface soil moisture is essential. This study sought to determine whether combining Sentinel-1A, Sentinel-2A, and meteorological data with artificial neural networks (ANN) could improve soil moisture estimation in various land cover types. To train and evaluate the model’s performance, we used field data (provided by La Tuscia University) on the study area collected during time periods between October 2022, and December 2022. Surface soil moisture was measured at 29 locations. The performance of the model was trained, validated, and tested using input features in a 60:10:30 ratio, using the feed-forward ANN model. It was found that the ANN model exhibited high precision in predicting soil moisture. The model achieved a coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) of 0.71 and correlation coefficient (R) of 0.84. Furthermore, the incorporation of Random Forest (RF) algorithms for soil moisture prediction resulted in an improved R<sup>2</sup> of 0.89. The unique combination of active microwave, meteorological data and multispectral data provides an opportunity to exploit the complementary nature of the datasets. Through preprocessing, fusion, and ANN modeling, this research contributes to advancing soil moisture estimation techniques and providing valuable insights for water resource management and agricultural planning in the study area.展开更多
土壤水分是控制陆地和大气间水热能量交换的关键因子之一,在地球生态系统中起着重要的作用。定量化获取土壤水分信息对农业生产、应对全球变化、保护生态环境等众多领域都有着重要意义。目前,获取精度较高的大区域土壤湿度信息依然是研...土壤水分是控制陆地和大气间水热能量交换的关键因子之一,在地球生态系统中起着重要的作用。定量化获取土壤水分信息对农业生产、应对全球变化、保护生态环境等众多领域都有着重要意义。目前,获取精度较高的大区域土壤湿度信息依然是研究的热点和难点问题。气候变化倡议项目（climate change initiative,CCI）土壤湿度数据集是由多种主、被动微波数据融合的大尺度土壤湿度数据集,对其在中国区域的数据质量改进具有较高的实际应用价值。研究利用累积概率分布函数（cumulative distribution function,CDF）匹配方法对CCI土壤湿度产品进行改进。选择有较多实测数据的河北、山西、天津等部分区域,获得2009-2010年每月三旬（共72旬）的土壤湿度插值数据,以此为基础利用CDF进行重调整,建立逐像元的CCI土壤湿度数据的改进模型;然后利用站点实测数据进行该方法的有效性验证。结果表明,CDF调整前的偏差、均方根偏差和平均相对误差分别集中在0.05-0.09、0.05-0.1、0.20-0.45,调整后分别降低在0-0.04、0-0.05、0-0.2范围。可见,CDF调整后的误差明显减小,调整后的CCI土壤湿度的精度得到了明显的提高。展开更多
Snow depth （SD） is a key parameter for research into global climate changes and land surface processes. A method was developed to obtain daily SD images at a higher 4 km spatial resolution and higher precision with ...Snow depth （SD） is a key parameter for research into global climate changes and land surface processes. A method was developed to obtain daily SD images at a higher 4 km spatial resolution and higher precision with SD measurements from in situ observations and passive microwave remote sensing of Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS （AMSR-E） and snow cover measurements of the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System （IMS）. AMSR-E SD at 25 km spatial resolution was retrieved from AMSR-E products of snow density and snow water equivalent and then corrected using the SD from in situ observations and IMS snow cover. Corrected AMSR-E SD images were then resampled to act as ＂virtual＂ in situ observations to combine with the real in situ observations to interpolate at 4 km spatial resolution SD using the Cressman method. Finally, daily SD data generation for several regions of China demonstrated that the method is well suited to the generation of higher spatial resolution SD data in regions with a lower Digital Elevation Model （DEM） but not so well suited to regions at high altitude and with an undulating terrain, such as the Tibetan Plateau. Analysis of the longer time period SD data generation for January between 2003 and 2010 in northern Xinjiang also demonstrated the feasibility of the method.展开更多
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract Nos 2021YFC2803300,2018YFC1407200,2016YFC1401000 and 2018YFC1407203the Impact and Response of Antarctic Seas to Climate Change,IRASCC2020-2022 under contract No.01-01-03+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41876204,41941008,41941013 and 41630969the Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)under contract No.GML2019ZD0302.
文摘Several Chinese marine satellites have been launched in recent years.Monitoring sea ice and the ocean in the Arctic is of great importance for climate research.Sea ice in the Arctic has changed rapidly during the past few decades with respect to the extent and thickness.In this study,we applied combined passive and active microwave data from the Chinese HaiYang-2B(HY-2B)satellite to classify ice and sea water in the Arctic.We use data from a radar altimeter(RA)and a calibration microwave radiometer(CMR)to discriminate between ice and water by applying several approaches(1)the single parameter threshold criteria,(2)the multi-parameters linear segmentations and(3)the K-means clustering.The results yielded by these methods were in good agreement(classification accuracy>95%)with the Satellite Application Facility on Ocean and Sea Ice products between November and April.For other months(May–October),however,the agreement was less good(lowest classification accuracy approximate 85%in summer).A hybrid approach combined with graphical ice edges detection and microwave radar waveform analysis is therefore developed.A visual comparison with SAR images suggested the hybrid approach results greatly improved the ice and water discrimination in summer.This study demonstrated that multi-sensors(RA and CMR)configurations from HY satellites can offer comparable polar earth observation to the European Space Agency and NOAA satellite products.
文摘For many environmental and agricultural applications, an accurate estimation of surface soil moisture is essential. This study sought to determine whether combining Sentinel-1A, Sentinel-2A, and meteorological data with artificial neural networks (ANN) could improve soil moisture estimation in various land cover types. To train and evaluate the model’s performance, we used field data (provided by La Tuscia University) on the study area collected during time periods between October 2022, and December 2022. Surface soil moisture was measured at 29 locations. The performance of the model was trained, validated, and tested using input features in a 60:10:30 ratio, using the feed-forward ANN model. It was found that the ANN model exhibited high precision in predicting soil moisture. The model achieved a coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) of 0.71 and correlation coefficient (R) of 0.84. Furthermore, the incorporation of Random Forest (RF) algorithms for soil moisture prediction resulted in an improved R<sup>2</sup> of 0.89. The unique combination of active microwave, meteorological data and multispectral data provides an opportunity to exploit the complementary nature of the datasets. Through preprocessing, fusion, and ANN modeling, this research contributes to advancing soil moisture estimation techniques and providing valuable insights for water resource management and agricultural planning in the study area.
文摘土壤水分是控制陆地和大气间水热能量交换的关键因子之一,在地球生态系统中起着重要的作用。定量化获取土壤水分信息对农业生产、应对全球变化、保护生态环境等众多领域都有着重要意义。目前,获取精度较高的大区域土壤湿度信息依然是研究的热点和难点问题。气候变化倡议项目（climate change initiative,CCI）土壤湿度数据集是由多种主、被动微波数据融合的大尺度土壤湿度数据集,对其在中国区域的数据质量改进具有较高的实际应用价值。研究利用累积概率分布函数（cumulative distribution function,CDF）匹配方法对CCI土壤湿度产品进行改进。选择有较多实测数据的河北、山西、天津等部分区域,获得2009-2010年每月三旬（共72旬）的土壤湿度插值数据,以此为基础利用CDF进行重调整,建立逐像元的CCI土壤湿度数据的改进模型;然后利用站点实测数据进行该方法的有效性验证。结果表明,CDF调整前的偏差、均方根偏差和平均相对误差分别集中在0.05-0.09、0.05-0.1、0.20-0.45,调整后分别降低在0-0.04、0-0.05、0-0.2范围。可见,CDF调整后的误差明显减小,调整后的CCI土壤湿度的精度得到了明显的提高。
基金Meteorological Research in the Public Interest,No.GYHY201106014Beijing Nova Program,No.2010B037China Special Fund for the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program),No.412230
文摘Snow depth （SD） is a key parameter for research into global climate changes and land surface processes. A method was developed to obtain daily SD images at a higher 4 km spatial resolution and higher precision with SD measurements from in situ observations and passive microwave remote sensing of Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS （AMSR-E） and snow cover measurements of the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System （IMS）. AMSR-E SD at 25 km spatial resolution was retrieved from AMSR-E products of snow density and snow water equivalent and then corrected using the SD from in situ observations and IMS snow cover. Corrected AMSR-E SD images were then resampled to act as ＂virtual＂ in situ observations to combine with the real in situ observations to interpolate at 4 km spatial resolution SD using the Cressman method. Finally, daily SD data generation for several regions of China demonstrated that the method is well suited to the generation of higher spatial resolution SD data in regions with a lower Digital Elevation Model （DEM） but not so well suited to regions at high altitude and with an undulating terrain, such as the Tibetan Plateau. Analysis of the longer time period SD data generation for January between 2003 and 2010 in northern Xinjiang also demonstrated the feasibility of the method.
