基于Actor模型的众核数据流硬件架构探索

超大规模AI模型的分布式训练对芯片架构的通信能力和可扩展性提出了挑战。晶圆级芯片通过在同一片晶圆上集成大量的计算核心和互联网络,实现了超高的计算密度和通信性能,成为了训练超大规模AI模型的理想选择。AMCoDA是一种基于Actor模型的众核数据流硬件架构,旨在利用Actor并行编程模型的高度并行性、异步消息传递和高扩展性等特点,在晶圆级芯片上实现AI模型的分布式训练。AMCoDA的设计包括计算模型、执行模型和硬件架构3个层面。实验表明,AMCoDA能广泛支持分布式训练中的各种并行模式和集合通信模式,灵活高效地完成复杂分布式训练策略的部署和执行。

Assessment of challenges and strategies for driving energy transitions in emerging markets:A socio-technological systems perspective

The pursuit of improved quality of life standards has significantly influenced the contemporary mining model in the 21st century.This era is witnessing an unprecedented transformation driven by pressing concerns related to sustainability,climate change,the just energy transition,dynamic operating environments,and complex social challenges.Such transitions present both opportunities and obstacles.The aim of this study is to provide an extensive literature review on energy transition to identify the challenges and strategies associated with navigating transformations in energy systems.Understanding these transformations is particularly critical in the face of the severe consequences of global warming,where an accelerated energy transition is viewed as a universal remedy.Adopting a socio-technological systems perspective,specifically through the application of Actor Network Theory(ANT),this research provides a theoretical foundation while categorising challenges into five distinct domains and outlining strategies across these different dimensions.These insights are specifically tailored for emerging market countries to effectively navigate energy transition while fostering the development of resilient societies.Furthermore,our findings highlight that energy transition encompasses more than a mere technological shift;it entails fundamental changes in various systemic socio-economic imperatives.Through focusing on the role of social structures in transitions,this study makes a significant and innovative contribution to ANT,which has historically been criticised for its limited acknowledgement of social structures.Consequently,we propose an emerging market energy transition framework,which not only addresses technological aspects,but also integrates social considerations.This framework paves the way for future research and exploration of energy transition dynamics.The outcomes of this study offer valuable insights to policymakers,researchers,and practitioners engaged in the mining industry,enabling them to comprehend the multifaceted challenges involved and providing practical strategies for effective resolution.Through incorporating the social dimension into the analysis,we enhance the understanding of the complex nature of energy system transformations,facilitating a more holistic approach towards achieving sustainable and resilient energy transitions in emerging markets and beyond.

Actor-Critic-Based UAV-Assisted Data Collection in the Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is widely utilized in large-scale distributed unmanned detection scenarios due to its low cost and flexible installation.However,WSN data collection encounters challenges in scenarios lacking communication infrastructure.Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)offers a novel solution for WSN data collection,leveraging their high mobility.In this paper,we present an efficient UAV-assisted data collection algorithm aimed at minimizing the overall power consumption of the WSN.Firstly,a two-layer UAV-assisted data collection model is introduced,including the ground and aerial layers.The ground layer senses the environmental data by the cluster members(CMs),and the CMs transmit the data to the cluster heads(CHs),which forward the collected data to the UAVs.The aerial network layer consists of multiple UAVs that collect,store,and forward data from the CHs to the data center for analysis.Secondly,an improved clustering algorithm based on K-Means++is proposed to optimize the number and locations of CHs.Moreover,an Actor-Critic based algorithm is introduced to optimize the UAV deployment and the association with CHs.Finally,simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

New Rural Community Construction or Retention Development:A Comparative Analysis of Rural Settlement Transition Mechanism in Plain Agriculture Area of China Based on Actor Network Theory

It is an important way to realize rural revitalization and sustainable development to guide rural settlement transition(RST)in an appropriate way.This paper uses actor network theory(ANT)to construct a theoretical framework for the study of RST.Taking two typical villages with different transition paths in rural areas of North China Plain as examples,this paper reveals the mechanism of RST and makes a comparative analysis.The results show that:1)after identifying problems and obligatory passage point,key actors recruit heterogeneous actors into the actor network by entrusting them with common interests,and realize RST under the system operation.2)Rural settlements under different transition paths have similarities in the problems to be solved,collective actions and policy factors,but there are differences in the transition process,mechanism and effect.The actor network and mechanism of RST through the path of new rural community construction are more complex and the transition effect is more thorough.In contrast,the degree of RST of retention development path is limited if there is no resource and location advantage.3)Based on the applicable conditions of different paths,this paper designs a logical framework of‘Situation-Structure-Behavior-Result’to scientifically guide the identification of RST paths under the background of rural revitalization.

Paradiplomacy for Non-recognized States:Case of Palestine

This paper endeavours to elucidate the intricacies of Palestinian Paradiplomacy,focusing in the political impetus pioneered by its principle actors,namely the Palestine Liberation Organisation(PLO)and subsequently,the establishment of the Palestinian National Authority(PNA).Additionally,attention will be directed towards the creation of the Palestinian Ministry of Foreign Affairs(PMOFA)and its subsidiary,the Palestinian International Cooperation Agency(PICA),albeit briefly discussed.Drawing inspiration from Alexander S.Kuznetsov’s seminal work“Theory and Practice of Paradiplomacy:Subnational Governments in International Affairs”(2015),this paper tries to scrutinize the trajectory of Palestinian paradiplomacy and its evolutionary course over time.When it comes to activity and growth,Palestinian paradiplomacy has a unique profile.The way in which topics pertaining to nations are not yet recognized has a great deal of bearing on current discussions and academic research about urgent political concerns like the right to self-determination and human rights.The analysis of de facto states via the prism of paradiplomacy naturally arises from the dominant state recognition procedures in international politics.

Cyber Resilience through Real-Time Threat Analysis in Information Security

This paper examines how cybersecurity is developing and how it relates to more conventional information security. Although information security and cyber security are sometimes used synonymously, this study contends that they are not the same. The concept of cyber security is explored, which goes beyond protecting information resources to include a wider variety of assets, including people [1]. Protecting information assets is the main goal of traditional information security, with consideration to the human element and how people fit into the security process. On the other hand, cyber security adds a new level of complexity, as people might unintentionally contribute to or become targets of cyberattacks. This aspect presents moral questions since it is becoming more widely accepted that society has a duty to protect weaker members of society, including children [1]. The study emphasizes how important cyber security is on a larger scale, with many countries creating plans and laws to counteract cyberattacks. Nevertheless, a lot of these sources frequently neglect to define the differences or the relationship between information security and cyber security [1]. The paper focus on differentiating between cybersecurity and information security on a larger scale. The study also highlights other areas of cybersecurity which includes defending people, social norms, and vital infrastructure from threats that arise from online in addition to information and technology protection. It contends that ethical issues and the human factor are becoming more and more important in protecting assets in the digital age, and that cyber security is a paradigm shift in this regard [1].

Felski’s Literary Sociological Thought From the Perspective of Actor-Network Theory

The relationship between literature and society has been a subject of continuous exploration since the inception of literature itself.On the one hand,from Plato’s theory of mimesis onward,literature has consistently been viewed as a representation of social reality,positioning literature as subordinate to society.On the other hand,with the rise of structuralism and the New Criticism,certain schools of thought have focused exclusively on literature itself,deliberately overlooking the complex connections between literature and society.The growing tension between these two perspectives has increasingly placed contemporary literary studies in a polarized state,leading to a crisis in the legitimacy of literary scholarship.In response to this,Rita Felski’s exploration of the uses of literature embodies a new literary sociology that offers a way out of the current impasse in literary studies.

Relations Between School and Immigrant Families in Albertan Francophone School: Perspectives of Settlement Workers in Schools - A Secondary Publication

In recent years,Francophone schools in Alberta,a province in western Canada,have seen significant ethnocultural diversification of their school population,thus reflecting recent migratory changes in Canada.The population of a Francophone school board located in an agglomeration of Alberta reflects these new migratory trends.A partial ethnodemographic portrait carried out in 2003 in six of its schools indicates that 50%of the pupils come from an immigrant background and come from 23 different countries;mostly from sub-Saharan African countries.This demographic reality,confirmed more than a decade later,represents a major structural change for Francophone schools.In Alberta,as in other Canadian provinces,inclusion is at the heart of discourse and educational practices.With a transformative aim,it intends to promote ethnocultural diversity in the classroom and equal opportunities through school equity practices.This article focuses on the settlement workers in schools responsible for bridging family,community,and school cultures.The analysis of the interviews of the four workers sheds light on and questions both the institutional practices and the personal strategies put in place to face the challenges encountered in this tripartite collaboration.

基于AM-SAC的无人机自主空战决策

针对现代空战中的无人机自主决策问题,将注意力机制(AM)与深度强化学习中的非确定性策略算法Soft Actor Critic(SAC)相结合,提出一种基于AM-SAC算法的机动决策算法。在1V1的作战背景下建立无人机3自由度运动模型和无人机近距空战模型,并利用敌我之间相对距离和相对方位角构建导弹攻击区模型。将AM引入SAC算法,构造权重网络,从而实现训练过程中奖励权重的动态调整并设计仿真实验。通过与SAC算法的对比以及在多个不同初始态势环境下的测试,验证了基于AM-SAC算法的机动决策算法具有更高的收敛速度和机动稳定性,在空战中有更好的表现,且适用于多种不同的作战场景。

Reinforcement⁃Learning⁃Based Appointed⁃Time Prescribed Performance Attitude Control for Rigid Spacecraft

This paper addresses a geometric control algorithm for the attitude tracking problem of the rigid spacecraft modeled on SO(3).Considering the topological and geometric properties of SO(3),we introduced a smooth positive attitude error function to convert the attitude tracking issue on SO(3)into the stabilization counterpart on its Lie algebra.The error transformation technique was further utilized to ensure the assigned transient and steady state performance of the attitude tracking error with the aid of a well⁃designed assigned⁃time performance function.Then,using the actor⁃critic(AC)neural architecture,an adaptive reinforcement learning approximator was constructed,in which the actor neural network(NN)was utilized to approximate the unknown nonlinearity online.A critic function was introduced to tune the next phase of the actor neural network operation for performance improvement via supervising the system performance.A rigorous stability analysis was presented to show that the assigned system performance can be achieved.Finally,the effectiveness and feasibility of the constructed control strategy was verified by the numerical simulation.

Information Management in Disaster and Humanitarian Response: A Case in United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

To guarantee a unified response to disasters, humanitarian organizations work together via the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). Although the OCHA has made great strides to improve its information management and increase the availability of accurate, real-time data for disaster and humanitarian response teams, significant gaps persist. There are inefficiencies in the emergency management of data at every stage of its lifecycle: collection, processing, analysis, distribution, storage, and retrieval. Disaster risk reduction and disaster risk management are the two main tenets of the United Nations’ worldwide plan for disaster management. Information systems are crucial because of the crucial roles they play in capturing, processing, and transmitting data. The management of information is seldom discussed in published works. The goal of this study is to employ qualitative research methods to provide insight by facilitating an expanded comprehension of relevant contexts, phenomena, and individual experiences. Humanitarian workers and OCHA staffers will take part in the research. The study subjects will be chosen using a random selection procedure. Online surveys with both closed- and open-ended questions will be used to compile the data. UN OCHA offers a structure for the handling of information via which all humanitarian actors may contribute to the overall response. This research will enable the UN Office for OCHA better gather, process, analyze, disseminate, store, and retrieve data in the event of a catastrophe or humanitarian crisis.

基于Ray框架的分布式计算研究

文章旨在通过分布式框架Ray来计算数据量比较大的任务,使得任务能够更加高效地完成。指明了Ray通过两种核心概念实现分布式计算:Actor和Task。通过调用Ray库中的Remote方法并结合init方法指明CPU数量实现分布式计算。实验分为在相同数据量下不同CPU数量处理数据的快慢以及在不同数据量下不同CPU数量处理数据的能力。实验结果表明,数据量越大、CPU数量越多的分布式计算能力越强。因此,分布式计算适用于大数据下的并行计算。

基于Actor模型的机载分布式计算方法研究

分布式计算是在网络互联的集群内,多个计算节点协作计算的技术,可实现集群内的计算资源共享。为了满足机载复杂应用日益增长的计算需求,基于Actor模型研究了机载环境下软件分布式计算的实施方法,并对机载分布式计算框架、组件及系统分布式计算应用过程进行了设计。该设计基于ARINC653“分区机制”,在保障了机载应用间隔离性的同时,实现了机载应用的分布式计算,提高了系统的可扩展性。

WSANs中基于实时性约束的actor节点优化部署策略

旨在研究基于实时性约束的actor节点优化部署策略.由于WSANs通常是随机播撒的,导致基于实时性约束的actor节点优化部署问题是NP难问题.因此,提出了基于Voronoi图的最大实时覆盖部署策略,并通过实验,与现有针对区域覆盖的部署策略进行对比.该部署策略可以使WSANs获得更好的实时性,且在收敛速度、能量消耗方面具有较好的性能.

一种自适应模糊Actor-Critic学习

提出一种基于模糊RBF网络的自适应模糊A ctor-C ritic学习.采用一个模糊RBF神经网络同时逼近A ctor的动作函数和C ritic的值函数,解决状态空间泛化中易出现的“维数灾”问题.模糊RBF网络能够根据环境状态和被控对象特性的变化进行网络结构和参数的自适应学习,使得网络结构更加紧凑,整个模糊A ctor-C ritic学习具有泛化性能好、控制结构简单和学习效率高的特点.M oun ta in C ar的仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性.

无线传感器/执行器网络中的定向简单竞拍聚合协议

在无线传感器/执行器网络(WSAN)中,移动执行器(actor)节点之间需要通过协商进行任务分配来响应产生的服务请求,其目标是尽可能减少协商时的通信开销和对事件的响应时间。现有的解决方案中,基于市场竞拍的分布式简单竞拍聚合协议(SAAP)比较适合资源受限的WSAN网络。在SAAP的基础上提出了一种定向的竞拍聚合协议DSAAP,该协议根据方向信息对下一跳子节点进行筛选,同时限制回传的信息,以减少竞拍过程中的消息转发。通过实验与现有的SAAP进行比较,发现该协议在最优节点发现率和选出节点与最优节点距离比这两个参数性能不降低的前提下降低了通信开销。

基于最小连通支配集移动的WSANs连接恢复算法

在无线传感器与执行器网络(wireless sensor-actor networks,简称WSANs)关键任务应用中,单个或多个节点的失效可能造成内执行器节点产生网络分隔,自动检测和快速恢复来保持内执行器网络的连接性显得非常重要.论文提出了一种基于最小连通支配集移动的连接性恢复算法(minmal CDS motion-based connectivity recovery,简称MCDSR),该算法主动探测影响网络连通的割点,并为其指定最小的连通支配集.一旦检测到节点失效,备份的支配集初始化恢复进程直到网络连接恢复.并通过实验与现有的恢复算法进行比较,发现MCDSR算法在移动的节点数目、总的移动距离、覆盖度减少等方面有更好性能.

基于Actor的虚拟环境系统研究

通过参考 Agent模型以及借鉴 CSP方法中的若干核心思想 ,提出了基于 Actor的面向对象模型 ,综合考虑了 Actor模型及面向对象方法的优点 ,更好地表达了对象的行为特性 .该模型已在自主式移动机器人系统仿真实验中得到应用 ,实验结果验证了该模型的有效性 .

Actors：实现并发面向对象程序设计的模型

Ａｃｔｏｒｓ是一些计算单位。这些计算单位为了回答不断增长的通信而进行各自的工作。原始的Ａｃｔｏｒｓ语言语义基于纯消息传递。文中建立了Ａｃｔｏｒｓ模型的基本框架，并且讨论了利用Ａｃｔｏｒｓ语言开发大型并发系统的优点。还讨论了Ａｃｔｏｒｓ语言抽象结构的数学表示。

基于SAC算法的无人机自主空战决策算法

针对无人机在空战过程中的自主决策问题,以无人机1v1攻防为背景提出了无人机近距空战模型。采用Markov决策过程建立了无人机自主机动模型,提出基于Soft Actor Critic (SAC)算法的无人机自主空战决策算法,以无人机空战态势数据作为输入,输出无人机机动指令,使得无人机通过完成指定指令,率先锁定敌方无人机并抢先攻击。最后,设计仿真实验,通过对比双延迟深度确定性策略梯度(Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Algorithm, TD3)算法,验证了基于SAC算法的无人机空战决策算法在增强策略探索的情况下,学习速度大幅度提高,使无人机在任意初始态势下主动占据优势,并成功打击目标,有效提高了无人机在空战决策过程中的自主性。