BACKGROUND Oral implant surgery is an effective procedure for artificial implants in missing tooth areas under local anesthesia.Because patients under local anesthesia are conscious during this procedure,compared with...BACKGROUND Oral implant surgery is an effective procedure for artificial implants in missing tooth areas under local anesthesia.Because patients under local anesthesia are conscious during this procedure,compared with general anesthesia-related operations,they are more likely to experience negative emotions,such as anxiety and tension.These emotional reactions result in shivering and chills in the limbs,leading to poor doctor-patient cooperation and even avoidance of treatment.In traditional Chinese medicine,it is believed that acupoint massage regulates blood and Qi,dredge menstruation,and relieve pain,which is beneficial for patients’emotional adjustment;however,there are few related clinical studies.AIM To observe the changes in anxiety and pain in patients with oral implant after acupoint massage combined with touch therapy.METHODS One hundred patients undergoing oral implantation in our hospital between May 2020 and May 2023 were randomly divided into control and study groups,according to a random number table,with 50 patients in each group.The control group received routine intervention,and the study group received acupoint massage combined with touch on the basis of the control group.Anxiety[assessed using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale(MDAS)],pain severity,blood pressure,heart rate,and satisfaction were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Before intervention,the difference in MDAS score between the two groups was not significant(P>0.05),while after the intervention,the MDAS scores decreased in both groups compared with those before the intervention(P<0.05);the MDAS score of the study group was lower than that of the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The degree of pain in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressures or heart rate between the two groups(P>0.05).The systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rate in the intervention group,during and after the intervention,were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The total degree of satisfaction in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Acupoint massage combined with touch better relieves anxiety and pain in patients undergoing dental implant surgery,improving the perioperative comfort of these patients and ensuring safety and a smooth operation.展开更多
Research Background: Heart failure is a type of organic heart disease caused by excessive ventricular load, leading to insufficient myocardial contractility and decreased cardiac output in the body. With the progressi...Research Background: Heart failure is a type of organic heart disease caused by excessive ventricular load, leading to insufficient myocardial contractility and decreased cardiac output in the body. With the progression of the patient's condition, gastrointestinal dysfunction is frequently complicated. At the same time, the accumulation of feces in the body (colonic impaction) can also increase the burden on the patient’s heart, triggering or exacerbating the occurrence or progression of heart failure. Purpose: this article focuses on the correlation between colonic impaction and heart failure, using the nursing experience of a case of acute left heart failure complicated by colonic impaction as an example, in order to provide clinical evidence for the care of patients with colonic impaction combined with heart failure in the future. Method: By using innovative thinking, the stomach tube is used to replace the enema tube, which is inserted through the anus to reach the end of the colon. By combining acupressure at points such as Zhongwan, Tianzhu, and Guanyuan, it helps promote the elimination of fecal impaction. Conclusion: This case reflects the innovative thinking and adaptability of nurses, providing a new clinical approach for the aggravation of the condition of long-term heart failure patients due to constipation issues. Further research in clinical practice is warranted.展开更多
Objective:To systematically review the effectiveness of acupoint massage versus normal treatments for acute mastitis.Methods:Databases including CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP,Pubmed,Web of science and Cochrane were search...Objective:To systematically review the effectiveness of acupoint massage versus normal treatments for acute mastitis.Methods:Databases including CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP,Pubmed,Web of science and Cochrane were searched to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about acupoint massage versus normal treatments for acute mastitis from inception to October 2018.Two reviewers independently screened literature,extracted data,and assessed the risk of bias of included studies.Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.3 software.Results:A total of 16 RCTs involving 2056 patients were included.The results of meta-analysis showed that,compared with normal treatments,acupoint massage could improve the efficiency of clinical treatment[RR=1.18,95%CI(1.13,1.22),P<0.00001],shorten onset time[MD=-1.69,95%CI(-1.89,-1.41),P<0.00001],decrease the lump size[MD=-2.64,95%CI(-4.46,-0.82),P=0.005],and decrease the score of symptoms and signs[MD=-3.88,95%CI(-7.50,-0.27),P=0.04].However,there was no significant difference in recurrence rate[RR=0.41,95%CI(0.11,1.57),P=0.19]and cure rate[RR=11.82,95%CI(0.50,282.04),P=0.13].Conclusion:The current evidence shows that,compared with normal treatments,acupoint massage can improve the efficiency of clinical treatment,shorten the onset time,and decrease the lump size.Due to the limited quality of included studies,more high quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of meridian acupoint massage combined with curvature traction on sympathetic cervical spondylosis its influence on heart rate variability and norepinephrine concentration.Meth...Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of meridian acupoint massage combined with curvature traction on sympathetic cervical spondylosis its influence on heart rate variability and norepinephrine concentration.Methods:80 patients with sympathetic cervical spondylosis were divided into the treatment group and control group randomly,with 40 patients in each group.Patients in the two groups were treated with massage on the basis of curvature traction.Among them,the treatment group was treated with meridian acupoint massage,while the control group was treated with routine massage.Each subject was treated once a day for 2 weeks.Before and after treatment,VAS,NRS,"20 score method",NDI,JOA,and Borden's method were used to evaluate the pain,sympathetic symptoms and cervical function of the two groups.At the same time,the changes of RR interval standard deviation and urine noradrenaline concentration were also observed.Finally the clinical efficacy of the two groups were evaluated.Results:The cure rate of the treatment group was 62.50%,while it was 40.00%in the control group,and the effective rate of the treatment group was 95.00%,the total effective rate of the control group was 80.00%,the treatment group was superior to the control group in both cure rate and total effective rate(P<0.05).During post-therapy,VAS score,NRS score,sympathetic symptom score,cervical physiological curvature,NDI score,and noradrenaline concentration in urine in both groups were lower than those of pre-treatment(P<0.01),JOA score and heart rate variability SDNN value were significantly higher(P<0.01),and the treatment group was superior to the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:Meridian acupoint massage combined with curvature traction has a significant clinical effect on sympathetic cervical spondylosis,which is worth further promotion and application.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of acupoint massage in improving cognitive function,in order to provide a relatively comprehensive reference for dementia prevention and control.Methods:Clinical trial studies...Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of acupoint massage in improving cognitive function,in order to provide a relatively comprehensive reference for dementia prevention and control.Methods:Clinical trial studies on the improvement of cognitive function by acupoint massage were systematically collected from multiple Chinese and foreign databases,consisting of CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,the Cochrane Library,and CINAHL.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted the data,evaluated the quality of the included articles and cross-checked,and then carried out a meta-analysis with the RevMan 5 software.Results:A total of 10 studies were included,and the cumulative total sample size was 818.The results of metaanalysis showed that the improvement of cognitive function in acupoint massage group was significantly better than that in control group.Compared with the control group,acupoint massage significantly increased the total score of mini-mental state examination(MMSE)scale for the elderly[SMD=0.80,95%CI(0.53,1.07),P<0.0001]),and significantly improved the picture memory ability[SMD=-3.69,95%CI(-5.08,2.30),P<0.0001],associative memory ability[SMD=0.24,95%CI(-0.73,1.20),P<0.0001]),understanding and memory ability[SMD=1.33,95%CI(0.58,2.09),P<0.0001]),instantaneous memory ability[SMD=1.70,95%CI(0.77,2.62),P<0.01])of the elderly.Conclusion:Acupoint massage can improve the cognitive function of the elderly and reduce the risk of Alzheimer disease(AD)in the elderly.More large samples,multicenter and high quality randomized controlled trials are needed to verify the intervention effect of acupoint massage on cognitive impairment.展开更多
Background:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Chinese five-tone melodies combined with acupoint massage on anxiety and depression in elderly in Nursing home.Methods:The intervention music for 22 elderly participa...Background:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Chinese five-tone melodies combined with acupoint massage on anxiety and depression in elderly in Nursing home.Methods:The intervention music for 22 elderly participants was selected according to the different traditional Chinese medicine evidence types,and the music therapy combined with acupoint massage therapy.The clinical intervention lasted for a total of 8 weeks.Participants were assessed with the Self-Assessment Scale for Anxiety and the Geriatric Depression Scale in pre and post-intervention.Results:The Self-Assessment Scale for Anxiety and Geriatric Depression Scale scores of the elderly were significantly lower after the intervention compared to the pre-intervention period(P<0.01).Conclusion:The five-element music combined with acupoint massage therapy has a significant clinical effect in reducing the level of anxiety and depression in the elderly in Nursing homes.展开更多
In the present paper, 32 cases of hiccup are treated with acupoint digital pressing and massage. According to syndrome differentiation, hiccup is divided into 5 types including stomach-cold, reversed rising of the sto...In the present paper, 32 cases of hiccup are treated with acupoint digital pressing and massage. According to syndrome differentiation, hiccup is divided into 5 types including stomach-cold, reversed rising of the stomach-fire, adverse flow of qi and phlegm obstruction, deficiency of both spleen-yang and kidney-yang and insufficiency of the stomach-yin. Acupoints used are Zusanli (ST 36), Neiguan (PC 6), Zhongfu (LU 1), etc. and pressed with fingers repeatedly. Then, massage manipulations are performed by tapping the patient's back repeatedly for 5 - 6 times; tapping Jiuwei (CV 15) area, and pressing the tender-point beside the left side of T3_4 spinous processes and Geshu (BL 17). After treatment, of the 32 cases of hiccup, 23 cases are cured, 6 have remarkable improvement and 3 are failed in treatment, with the effective rate being 90.6% .展开更多
Objective:To investigate the application of acupoint massage combined with acupoint application in pulmonary rehabilitation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods:Inhaled drugs,oral expectorant,such as conve...Objective:To investigate the application of acupoint massage combined with acupoint application in pulmonary rehabilitation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods:Inhaled drugs,oral expectorant,such as conventional treatment,select our hospital on June 6,2019-March 2021 in lung disease clinics,a total of 130 patients with COPD,with digital method of random divided into control group and observation group,65 cases in each group,control group given observation group in the control group on the basis of joint acupoint sticking therapy combined with acupuncture point massage,two groups of treatment for 15 days,respectively,The total effective rate,TCM syndrome score,lung function index and dyspnea degree score(mMRC)were compared between the two groups after treatment.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate was 81.54%in the control group and 93.85%in the observation group.After treatment,the symptoms of cough,expectoration,wheezing,shortness of breath,fatigue,chills and tenderness of waist and knee were significantly improved in the two groups compared with the control group.After treatment,the symptoms of cough,expectoration,wheezing,shortness of breath,fatigue,chills and tenderness of waist and knee were significantly improved in the observation group compared with the control group.Compared with before treatment,FEV1 and FEV1/FVC values in 2 groups were increased(P<0.05),and the two indexes in observation group were better than control group(P<0.05),the differences were statistically significant.MMRC score in 2 groups was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05),and the improvement of mMRC score in observation group was significantly better than that in control group(P<0.05),the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:Acupoint massage combined with acupoint application can effectively improve the lung function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,relieve patients with dyspnea,achieve the purpose of promoting pulmonary rehabilitation,clinical efficacy is positive,worthy of promotion.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the implementation status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)nursing protocols for type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:Totally 420 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were given TCM ...Objective:To analyze the implementation status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)nursing protocols for type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:Totally 420 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were given TCM nursing protocols by syndrome differentiation.A quantitative and qualitative investigation was conducted to patients who received TCM nursing and nurses who performed TCM nursing techniques.Results:According to the self-evaluation outcomes of patients,TCM nursing protocols were effective to relieve polydipsia,polyuria,fatigue and other symptoms.Patients exhibited a high level of compliance with nursing techniques such as auricular point pressing,acupoint massage,Chinese herbal foot-bath and moxibustion.The interview showed that patients could benefit from the TCM nursing protocols,and nurses considered that application of TCM nursing protocols could enhance their awareness of TCM knowledge and practice skills.Conclusion:The application of TCM nursing protocols is effective to relieve clinical symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus.It can also improve the knowledge level and practice skills of nurses in TCM hospitals.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Oral implant surgery is an effective procedure for artificial implants in missing tooth areas under local anesthesia.Because patients under local anesthesia are conscious during this procedure,compared with general anesthesia-related operations,they are more likely to experience negative emotions,such as anxiety and tension.These emotional reactions result in shivering and chills in the limbs,leading to poor doctor-patient cooperation and even avoidance of treatment.In traditional Chinese medicine,it is believed that acupoint massage regulates blood and Qi,dredge menstruation,and relieve pain,which is beneficial for patients’emotional adjustment;however,there are few related clinical studies.AIM To observe the changes in anxiety and pain in patients with oral implant after acupoint massage combined with touch therapy.METHODS One hundred patients undergoing oral implantation in our hospital between May 2020 and May 2023 were randomly divided into control and study groups,according to a random number table,with 50 patients in each group.The control group received routine intervention,and the study group received acupoint massage combined with touch on the basis of the control group.Anxiety[assessed using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale(MDAS)],pain severity,blood pressure,heart rate,and satisfaction were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Before intervention,the difference in MDAS score between the two groups was not significant(P>0.05),while after the intervention,the MDAS scores decreased in both groups compared with those before the intervention(P<0.05);the MDAS score of the study group was lower than that of the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The degree of pain in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressures or heart rate between the two groups(P>0.05).The systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rate in the intervention group,during and after the intervention,were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The total degree of satisfaction in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Acupoint massage combined with touch better relieves anxiety and pain in patients undergoing dental implant surgery,improving the perioperative comfort of these patients and ensuring safety and a smooth operation.
文摘Research Background: Heart failure is a type of organic heart disease caused by excessive ventricular load, leading to insufficient myocardial contractility and decreased cardiac output in the body. With the progression of the patient's condition, gastrointestinal dysfunction is frequently complicated. At the same time, the accumulation of feces in the body (colonic impaction) can also increase the burden on the patient’s heart, triggering or exacerbating the occurrence or progression of heart failure. Purpose: this article focuses on the correlation between colonic impaction and heart failure, using the nursing experience of a case of acute left heart failure complicated by colonic impaction as an example, in order to provide clinical evidence for the care of patients with colonic impaction combined with heart failure in the future. Method: By using innovative thinking, the stomach tube is used to replace the enema tube, which is inserted through the anus to reach the end of the colon. By combining acupressure at points such as Zhongwan, Tianzhu, and Guanyuan, it helps promote the elimination of fecal impaction. Conclusion: This case reflects the innovative thinking and adaptability of nurses, providing a new clinical approach for the aggravation of the condition of long-term heart failure patients due to constipation issues. Further research in clinical practice is warranted.
文摘Objective:To systematically review the effectiveness of acupoint massage versus normal treatments for acute mastitis.Methods:Databases including CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP,Pubmed,Web of science and Cochrane were searched to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about acupoint massage versus normal treatments for acute mastitis from inception to October 2018.Two reviewers independently screened literature,extracted data,and assessed the risk of bias of included studies.Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.3 software.Results:A total of 16 RCTs involving 2056 patients were included.The results of meta-analysis showed that,compared with normal treatments,acupoint massage could improve the efficiency of clinical treatment[RR=1.18,95%CI(1.13,1.22),P<0.00001],shorten onset time[MD=-1.69,95%CI(-1.89,-1.41),P<0.00001],decrease the lump size[MD=-2.64,95%CI(-4.46,-0.82),P=0.005],and decrease the score of symptoms and signs[MD=-3.88,95%CI(-7.50,-0.27),P=0.04].However,there was no significant difference in recurrence rate[RR=0.41,95%CI(0.11,1.57),P=0.19]and cure rate[RR=11.82,95%CI(0.50,282.04),P=0.13].Conclusion:The current evidence shows that,compared with normal treatments,acupoint massage can improve the efficiency of clinical treatment,shorten the onset time,and decrease the lump size.Due to the limited quality of included studies,more high quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
基金National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Longjiang School of Medicine Inheritance Studio construction project(No.LPGZS2012-14)
文摘Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of meridian acupoint massage combined with curvature traction on sympathetic cervical spondylosis its influence on heart rate variability and norepinephrine concentration.Methods:80 patients with sympathetic cervical spondylosis were divided into the treatment group and control group randomly,with 40 patients in each group.Patients in the two groups were treated with massage on the basis of curvature traction.Among them,the treatment group was treated with meridian acupoint massage,while the control group was treated with routine massage.Each subject was treated once a day for 2 weeks.Before and after treatment,VAS,NRS,"20 score method",NDI,JOA,and Borden's method were used to evaluate the pain,sympathetic symptoms and cervical function of the two groups.At the same time,the changes of RR interval standard deviation and urine noradrenaline concentration were also observed.Finally the clinical efficacy of the two groups were evaluated.Results:The cure rate of the treatment group was 62.50%,while it was 40.00%in the control group,and the effective rate of the treatment group was 95.00%,the total effective rate of the control group was 80.00%,the treatment group was superior to the control group in both cure rate and total effective rate(P<0.05).During post-therapy,VAS score,NRS score,sympathetic symptom score,cervical physiological curvature,NDI score,and noradrenaline concentration in urine in both groups were lower than those of pre-treatment(P<0.01),JOA score and heart rate variability SDNN value were significantly higher(P<0.01),and the treatment group was superior to the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:Meridian acupoint massage combined with curvature traction has a significant clinical effect on sympathetic cervical spondylosis,which is worth further promotion and application.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of acupoint massage in improving cognitive function,in order to provide a relatively comprehensive reference for dementia prevention and control.Methods:Clinical trial studies on the improvement of cognitive function by acupoint massage were systematically collected from multiple Chinese and foreign databases,consisting of CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,the Cochrane Library,and CINAHL.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted the data,evaluated the quality of the included articles and cross-checked,and then carried out a meta-analysis with the RevMan 5 software.Results:A total of 10 studies were included,and the cumulative total sample size was 818.The results of metaanalysis showed that the improvement of cognitive function in acupoint massage group was significantly better than that in control group.Compared with the control group,acupoint massage significantly increased the total score of mini-mental state examination(MMSE)scale for the elderly[SMD=0.80,95%CI(0.53,1.07),P<0.0001]),and significantly improved the picture memory ability[SMD=-3.69,95%CI(-5.08,2.30),P<0.0001],associative memory ability[SMD=0.24,95%CI(-0.73,1.20),P<0.0001]),understanding and memory ability[SMD=1.33,95%CI(0.58,2.09),P<0.0001]),instantaneous memory ability[SMD=1.70,95%CI(0.77,2.62),P<0.01])of the elderly.Conclusion:Acupoint massage can improve the cognitive function of the elderly and reduce the risk of Alzheimer disease(AD)in the elderly.More large samples,multicenter and high quality randomized controlled trials are needed to verify the intervention effect of acupoint massage on cognitive impairment.
文摘Background:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Chinese five-tone melodies combined with acupoint massage on anxiety and depression in elderly in Nursing home.Methods:The intervention music for 22 elderly participants was selected according to the different traditional Chinese medicine evidence types,and the music therapy combined with acupoint massage therapy.The clinical intervention lasted for a total of 8 weeks.Participants were assessed with the Self-Assessment Scale for Anxiety and the Geriatric Depression Scale in pre and post-intervention.Results:The Self-Assessment Scale for Anxiety and Geriatric Depression Scale scores of the elderly were significantly lower after the intervention compared to the pre-intervention period(P<0.01).Conclusion:The five-element music combined with acupoint massage therapy has a significant clinical effect in reducing the level of anxiety and depression in the elderly in Nursing homes.
文摘In the present paper, 32 cases of hiccup are treated with acupoint digital pressing and massage. According to syndrome differentiation, hiccup is divided into 5 types including stomach-cold, reversed rising of the stomach-fire, adverse flow of qi and phlegm obstruction, deficiency of both spleen-yang and kidney-yang and insufficiency of the stomach-yin. Acupoints used are Zusanli (ST 36), Neiguan (PC 6), Zhongfu (LU 1), etc. and pressed with fingers repeatedly. Then, massage manipulations are performed by tapping the patient's back repeatedly for 5 - 6 times; tapping Jiuwei (CV 15) area, and pressing the tender-point beside the left side of T3_4 spinous processes and Geshu (BL 17). After treatment, of the 32 cases of hiccup, 23 cases are cured, 6 have remarkable improvement and 3 are failed in treatment, with the effective rate being 90.6% .
基金This work was supported by the 2019 Qingdao Industry Cultivation Program Science and Technology Benefit to the people special Project(No.19-6-1-12-nsh).
文摘Objective:To investigate the application of acupoint massage combined with acupoint application in pulmonary rehabilitation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods:Inhaled drugs,oral expectorant,such as conventional treatment,select our hospital on June 6,2019-March 2021 in lung disease clinics,a total of 130 patients with COPD,with digital method of random divided into control group and observation group,65 cases in each group,control group given observation group in the control group on the basis of joint acupoint sticking therapy combined with acupuncture point massage,two groups of treatment for 15 days,respectively,The total effective rate,TCM syndrome score,lung function index and dyspnea degree score(mMRC)were compared between the two groups after treatment.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate was 81.54%in the control group and 93.85%in the observation group.After treatment,the symptoms of cough,expectoration,wheezing,shortness of breath,fatigue,chills and tenderness of waist and knee were significantly improved in the two groups compared with the control group.After treatment,the symptoms of cough,expectoration,wheezing,shortness of breath,fatigue,chills and tenderness of waist and knee were significantly improved in the observation group compared with the control group.Compared with before treatment,FEV1 and FEV1/FVC values in 2 groups were increased(P<0.05),and the two indexes in observation group were better than control group(P<0.05),the differences were statistically significant.MMRC score in 2 groups was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05),and the improvement of mMRC score in observation group was significantly better than that in control group(P<0.05),the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:Acupoint massage combined with acupoint application can effectively improve the lung function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,relieve patients with dyspnea,achieve the purpose of promoting pulmonary rehabilitation,clinical efficacy is positive,worthy of promotion.
文摘Objective:To analyze the implementation status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)nursing protocols for type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:Totally 420 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were given TCM nursing protocols by syndrome differentiation.A quantitative and qualitative investigation was conducted to patients who received TCM nursing and nurses who performed TCM nursing techniques.Results:According to the self-evaluation outcomes of patients,TCM nursing protocols were effective to relieve polydipsia,polyuria,fatigue and other symptoms.Patients exhibited a high level of compliance with nursing techniques such as auricular point pressing,acupoint massage,Chinese herbal foot-bath and moxibustion.The interview showed that patients could benefit from the TCM nursing protocols,and nurses considered that application of TCM nursing protocols could enhance their awareness of TCM knowledge and practice skills.Conclusion:The application of TCM nursing protocols is effective to relieve clinical symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus.It can also improve the knowledge level and practice skills of nurses in TCM hospitals.
