A randomized trail comparing primary percutaneous coronary intervention with a strategy of short-acting thrombolysis and immediate planned primary percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction

Objective This study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a short acting reduced dose fibrinolytic regimen to promote early infarct related artery (IRA) patency for acyute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients referred for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods Following aspirin and heparin, 166 patients were randomized to a 50 mg bolus of recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator(rt PA) or to a same volume sodium chloride injection followed by immediate primary PCI. The end points included patency rates on catheterization laboratory (cath lab) arrival, revascularization results when PCI was performed, complication rates, left ventricular function and restored patency rate following PCI. Results Patency on cath lab arrival was 64% with rt PA (34% TIMI 3,30% TIMI 2), while 31% of placebo (13% TIMI 3, 18% TIMI 2). There was no difference in the restored TIMI 3 rates of IRA between the two groups (85% vs 87%). No difference were observed in stroke or major bleeding. Left ventricular function was similar in both groups (52±9% vs 50±8%), but left ventricular ejection fraction fraction (LVEF) was higher with patent IRA (TIMI 3) on cath lab arrival than that of others (56±12% vs 48±10%).Conclusions Strategy thrombolytic regimens were compatible with subsequent PCI lead to more frequenc early recanalization (before cath lab arrival), which facilitates greater left ventricular function preservation with no augmentation of adverse events.

Intracranial hematoma development following thrombolysis inpatients suffering with acute myocardial infarction: Management strategy

Intracerebral hemorrhage secondary to thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction is a catastrophic condition.Several factors predispose to intracranial bleeding including low body weight,female sex,advanced age,use of oral anticoagulants prior to the administration of fibrinolytic therapy,diastolic blood pressure (greater than 110 mm Hg),among others.Optimal medical management involves multidisciplinary roles of hematology,neurosurgery and critical medicine.In this illustrative case,a classification and management algorithm were proposed for patients with complications hemorrhage associated with thrombolysis after myocardial infarction.

Intracoronary arterial retrograde thrombolysis with percutaneous coronary intervention: a novel use of thrombolytic to treat acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Background Clearance of coronary arterial thrombosis is necessary in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing urgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). There is currently no highly-recommended method of thrombus removal during interventional procedures. We describe a new method for opening culprit vessels to treat STEMI: intracoronary arterial retrograde thrombolysis (ICART) with PCI. Methods & Results Eight patients underwent ICART. The guidewire was advanced to the distal coronary artery through the occlusion lesion. Then, we inserted a microcatheter into the distal end of the occluded coronary artery over the guidewire. Urokinase (5–10 wu) mixed with contrast agents was slowly injected into the occluded section of the coronary artery through the microcatheter. The intracoronary thrombus gradually dissolved in 3–17 min, and the effect of thrombolysis was visible in real time. Stents were then implanted according to the characteristics of the recanalized culprit lesion to achieve full revascularization. One patient experienced premature ventricular contraction during vascular revascularization, and no malignant arrhythmias were seen in any patient. No reflow or slow flow was not observed post PCI. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade and myocardial blush grade post-primary PCI was 3 in all eight patients. No patients experienced bleeding or stroke. Conclusions ICART was accurate and effective for treating intracoronary thrombi in patients with STEMI in this preliminary study. ICART was an effective, feasible, and simple approach to the management of STEMI, and no intraprocedural complications occurred in any of the patients. ICART may be a breakthrough in the treatment of acute STEMI.

Early and Late Coronary Angiographic Changes After Thrombolysis in Acute Myocardial Infarciton

Objective The coronaryanatomic feature and development after thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were studied. Mehtods 100 patients with AMI received urokinase and strepokinase. Coronary angiography (CAG) was performed at 90 minuts and again at 3 to 4 weeks. Results Successful thrombolysis occurred in 60 cases, but failed in 40. The ratio of reperfusion was 60%. CAG showed there were residual thrombi in 84 patients (84% ) and complete coronary occlusion in 40(40% ). Angiography at 3 to 4 weeks after thrombolysis showed the stenosis worsened in 8 patients and improved in 10. Conclusion AMI is caused by sudden coronary thrombotic occlusion and can be reperfused by using thrombolytic agent or mechanical methods. Throm-bolytic agents usually can not resolve thrombi completely. So percutaneous transluminal coronary angiography (PTCA) is recommended as an important method to improve serious residual stenosis.

PROCOAGULANT EFFECTS OF THROMBOLYTICTHERAPY IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

To examine the procoagulant effects of thrombolytic agent on h emostasis and study the role of hemostatic markers as predictors of clinical outcomes. Methods. In the present study, eighteen patients with acute myocardial in farction(AMI) received 1.5 or 2.0 million U nonspecific urokinase(UK), or 70～80 mg fibrin specific recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rt PA)and did not use heparin until 8 hours after intravenous injection of the above agents. Eig ht patients with AMI and without thrombolytic therapy were enrolled as controls. Coagulant and thrombolytic activity markers included thrombin antithrombin Ⅲ complex (TAT), D dimer, fibrinogen (Fg), FMPV/Amax. All markers were determined before,immediately,1,2,4 and 8 hours after the administration of thrombolytic a gents respectively. Results. Molecular marker of thrombin generation——TAT showed an activated coa gulant state immediately after thrombolytic therapy. Level of TAT showed no sign ificant changes between every two observed phases in controls. However, level of TAT increased significantly from 4.95±1.75μg/L ( 4.63±1.37μg/L) to 14.71±3 .31μg/L ( 14.25±2.53μg/L) before and immediately after administration of thro mbolytic agents UK(or rt PA). There was significant difference between level of serum TAT of patients with and without thrombolytic therapy (P< 0.05). Patients achieving clinical reperfusion had lower TAT level than those failing in thromb olytic therapy, and higher FMPV/Amax level than controls. D dimer, a surrogate of thrombolytic activity increased markedly and Fg significantly declined afte r thrombolytic therapy(P< 0.05).Conclusions. Thrombin generation occurred in plasma in response to excess fibri nolysis induced by thrombolytic therapy. Both urokinase and rt PA had procoagul ant action. This transient activation of the coagulant system might contribute t o early reocclusion. These data provided the theoretical support for simultaneou s administration of anticoagulant therapy with thrombolytic agents. These result s also suggested that TAT might be useful in predicting clinical outcomes of p atients treated with thrombolytic therapy for AMI.

Effect of bivalirudin on myocardial microcirculation and adverse events after interventional therapy in older patients with acute coronary syndrome

BACKGROUND Bivalirudin,a direct thrombin inhibitor,is used in anticoagulation therapies as a substitute for heparin,especially during cardiovascular procedures such as percutaneous coronary intervention.AIM To explore the effect of bivalirudin on myocardial microcirculation following an intervention and its influence on adverse cardiac events in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS In total,165 patients diagnosed with acute myocardial at our hospital between June 2020 and June 2022 were enrolled in this study.From June 2020 to June 2022,elderly patients with ACS with complete data were selected and treated with interventional therapy.The study cohort was randomly divided into a study group(n=80,administered bivalirudin)and a control group(n=85,administered unfractionated heparin).Over a 6-mo follow-up period,differences in emergency processing times,including coronary intervention,cardiac function indicators,occurrence of cardiovascular events,and recurrence rates,were analyzed.RESULTS Significant differences were observed between the study cohorts,with the observation group showing shorter emergency process times across all stages:Emergency classification;diagnostic testing;implementation of coronary intervention;and conclusion of emergency treatment(P<0.05).Furthermore,the left ventricular ejection fraction in the observation group was significantly higher(P<0.05),and the creatine kinase-MB and New York Heart Association scores were CONCLUSION In elderly patients receiving interventional therapy for ACS,bivalirudin administration led to increased activated clotting time achievement rates,enhanced myocardial reperfusion,and reduced incidence of bleeding complications and adverse cardiac events.

Comparison of the curative effect of intracoronary retrograde thrombolysis and thrombus aspiration combined with stent implantation on STEMI patients

Objective:To evaluate the short-term and long-term curative effects of precise intracoronary retrograde thrombolysis combined with stent implantation,thrombus aspiration combined with stent implantation,and traditional stent implantation in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.Methods:From January 2018 to October 2019,184 patients diagnosed with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and infarction-related arterial blood flow TIMI 0 grade in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College and percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)were selected.According to different surgical methods,patients were divided into intracoronary retrograde thrombolysis combined with stent implantation group(thrombolysis group,n=57 cases),thrombus aspiration combined with stent implantation group(aspiration group,n=57 cases)),traditional stent implantation group(traditional group,n=70 cases).Compare the incidence of no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention,the rate of 1 hour ST_segment fall≥50%in the ECG after PCI,and the main adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)during hospitalization;compare the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD)、left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and major adverse cardiovascular events at 1 year after PCI.Results:1.The short-term effects:The incidence of no-reflow phenomenon in the thrombolytic group was lower than that of the aspiration group and the traditional group,and the rate of 1hSTR≥50%was higher than that of the aspiration group and the traditional group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).2.The long-term effects:1 year after percutaneous coronary intervention,the LVEDD of the thrombolytic group was lower than that of the aspiration group and the traditional group,while the LVEF was higher than the aspiration group and the traditional group,and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events in the thrombolytic group at was lowest,both the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of intracoronary retrograde thrombolysis combined with stent implantation in STEMI patients can reduce the occurrence of no-reflow,improve long-term cardiac function,and reduce the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events for short-term and long-term.

Randomized comparison of intracoronary tirofiban versus urokinase as an adjunct to primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction： results of the ICTUS-AMI trial

Background No randomized trial has been performed to compare the efficacy of an intracoronary bolus of tirofiban versus urokinase during primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）.We investigated whether the effects of adjunctive therapy with an intracoronary bolus of urokinase was noninferior to the effects of an intracoronary bolus of tirofiban in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） undergoing PCI.Methods A total of 490 patients with acute STEMI undergoing primary PCI were randomized to an intracoronary bolus of tirofiban （10 μg/kg; n=247） or urokinase （250 kU/20 ml; n=243）.Serum levels of P-selectin,von Willebrand factor （vWF）,CD40 ligand （CD40L）,and serum amyloid A （SAA） in the coronary sinus were measured before and after intracoronary drug administration.The primary endpoint was the rate of complete （＞70％） ST-segment resolution （STR） at 90 minutes after intervention,and the noninferiority margin was set to 15％.Results In the intention-to-treat analysis,complete STR was achieved in 54.4％ of patients treated with an intracoronary bolus of urokinase and in 60.6％ of those treated with an intracoronary bolus of tirofiban （adjusted difference：-7.0％;95％ confidence interval：-15.7％ to 1.8％）.The corrected TIMI frame count of the infarct-related artery was lower,left ventricular ejection fraction was higher,and the 6-month major adverse cardiac event-free survival tended to be better in the intracoronary tirofiban group.An intracoronary bolus of tirofiban resulted in lower levels of P-selectin,vWF,CD40L,and SAA in the coronary sinus compared with an intracoronary bolus of urokinase after primary PCI （P＜0.05）.Conclusions An intracoronary bolus of urokinase as an adjunct to primary PCI for acute STEMI is not equally effective to an intracoronary bolus of tirofiban with respect to improvement in myocardial reperfusion assessed by STR.This may be caused by less reduction in coronary circulatory platelet activation and inflammation.

三种冠状动脉内灌注用药方案对高血栓负荷急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入术后心肌灌注及短期预后的影响

目的探讨三种冠状动脉内灌注用药方案对高血栓负荷急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后心肌灌注及短期预后的影响。方法前瞻性、单中心、随机对照研究。纳入2017年3月至2021年8月焦作市人民医院心内科高血栓负荷STEMI患者150例,按照分层区组随机化原则等分为三组各50例。A组:尼可地尔+替罗非班靶血管灌注;B组:尿激酶原+替罗非班靶血管灌注;C组:尼可地尔+尿激酶原+替罗非班靶血管灌注。于PCI术前、术后即刻检测记录梗死相关动脉(IRA)的心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)血流分级、TIMI心肌灌注分级(TMPG)、校正的TIMI血流帧数(CTFC);于PCI术前、术后24 h记录心电图的ST段回落幅度;记录IRA开通后24 h内Curtis-Walker评分及恶性心律失常例数;于PCI术前、术后0 h、12 h、24 h、3 d及7 d检测血清高敏肌钙蛋白I(hs-cTnI);于PCI术前、术后24 h及7 d检测丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD);于PCI术前、术后7 d、术后1个月、术后6个月及术后12个月检测左心室射血分数(LVEF)。随访记录患者住院期间及出院后30 d内的出血事件及术后12个月内主要不良心血管事件(MACE)。结果(1)PCI术后即刻,C组患者的TIMI血流分级、TMPG均优于A组(Z=-16.610,P=0.023;Z=-18.400,P=0.015)和B组(Z=-15.130,P=0.046;Z=16.550,P=0.035);C组患者的CTFC帧数低于A组(P<0.001)和B组(P=0.001)。(2)PCI术后,C组患者的血清hs-cTnI水平低于A组和B组(均为P<0.001)。(3)PCI术后,C组患者的MDA水平低于A组和B组(均为P<0.001),SOD水平高于A组(P=0.004)和B组(P=0.024)。(4)PCI术后24 h,C组患者的ST段回落幅度大于A组(P=0.003)和B组(P=0.012),Curtis-Walker评分及恶性心律失常发生率低于A组(P=0.008、0.015)和B组(P=0.014、0.034)。(5)PCI术后,C组患者的LVEF水平高于A组和B组(均为P<0.001)。(6)住院期间及出院后30 d内,三组患者均未发生大出血,少量出血和微量出血的发生率比较无统计学差异(χ^(2)=1.385,P=0.500);术后12个月内,C组患者的MACE发生率低于A组和B组(χ^(2)=7.400,P=0.025)。结论尼可地尔+尿激酶原+替罗非班靶血管灌注具有协同作用,可有效改善STEMI患者PCI术后的心肌灌注,减轻术后心肌损伤和氧化应激损伤,促进ST段回落,降低恶性心律失常发生率,有效促进心功能恢复,减少心血管不良事件,且不增加术后出血。

GRACE、TIMI评分对非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者不良心血管事件的评估价值

目的探讨全球急性冠状动脉事件注册(GRACE)评分、心肌梗死溶栓治疗(TIMI)评分对非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)患者不良心血管事件的评估价值。方法回顾性收集2020年1月~2023年11月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院治疗的257例NSTE-ACS患者的临床资料。根据GRACE和TIMI评分将患者分为低危组、中危组、高危组。统计患者发病30 d内不良心血管事件的发生情况,并对不同风险分层患者不良心血管事件的发生率进行比较,计算受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线的曲线下面积(AUC),评估GRACE、TIMI评分对NSTE-ACS患者不良心血管事件的评估价值。结果TIMI评分系统的低危患者比例为23.35%(60/257),与GRACE评分系统的18.68%(48/257)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);TIMI评分系统的中危患者比例为62.65%(161/257),高于GRACE评分系统的40.47%(104/257);TIMI评分系统的高危患者比例为14.00%(36/257),低于GRACE评分系统的40.86%(105/257),差异均有统计学意义(t=25.308、48.101,P<0.05)。两种评分系统不同分层患者不良心血管事件总发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=24.403,P<0.05);死亡率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.778,P>0.05)。GRACE评分预测NSTE-ACS患者不良心血管事件的AUC为0.756,高于TIMI评分的0.603。结论GRACE和TIMI风险评分对于NSTE-ACS患者近期心血管不良事件的发生均有一定的适用性,GRACE评分的预测价值更高。

静脉溶栓在早期急性心肌梗死治疗中的应用效果研究

目的 分析在早期急性心肌梗死治疗中给予静脉溶栓后的效果。方法 选取2022年1月—2023年1月薛城区人民医院急诊科收治的70例急性心肌梗死患者为研究对象,根据随机数表法将其划分成观察组(静脉溶栓)与对照组(常规治疗),每组35例。比较两组的治疗成效。结果 观察组患者的左心室射血分数高于对照组,且左心室收缩末期内径和左心室舒张末期内径水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。治疗后与对照组相比,观察组心肌损伤情况更小,并发症总发生率更低,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组不良反应总发生率(0)低于对照组(14.28%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.687,P=0.030)。结论 静脉溶栓能够缓解早期急性心肌梗死患者的症状,提高患者生存率,并且减少并发症的发生,是一种有效的治疗方法。

急性心肌梗死溶栓治疗结局的预警因素及危险分层系统的建立

目的探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)溶栓治疗结局预警因素,建立危险分层系统,为后续溶栓治疗决策提供参考依据。方法选取2020年1月至2022年12月开封市第三人民医院(开封市祥符区第一人民医院)收治的200例AMI患者纳入研究,遵循7∶3比例分为训练集(n=140)和验证集(n=60),训练集和验证集各46例、21例溶栓失败,94例、39例溶栓成功,分别纳入溶栓成功组和溶栓失败组。统计训练集、验证集中溶栓成功组和溶栓失败组的一般资料、实验室指标等,采用多因素Logistic回归方程分析AMI溶栓治疗结局预警因素,并建立危险分层系统。结果训练集和验证集中,溶栓失败组患者的LVEF明显低于溶栓成功组,GRACE评分、NT-proBNP、sFas、Caspasec-3、sTRAIL、高血压明显高于溶栓成功组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);LVEF、GRACE评分、NT-proBNP、sFas、Caspasec-3、sTRAIL、高血压容差为0.320~0.520,VIF为1.900~3.115,多重共线性可能性低;多因素Logistic回归方程分析结果显示,LVEF、NT-proBNP、sFas、Caspasec-3、GRACE评分、sTRAIL、高血压均是AMI患者溶栓失败影响因素(P<0.05);验证集、训练集人群中,高危患者溶栓失败率为21.43%、30.00%,低危患者溶栓失败率分别为11.43%、5.00%,且训练集和验证集的Pearson列联系数分别为0.370、0.400。结论AMI溶栓治疗结局预警因素涉及LVEF、GRACE评分、NT-proBNP、sFas、Caspasec-3、高血压,据此建立危险分层系统有助于指导溶栓治疗决策,使更多患者获益。

回阳复脉汤辅助PCI术对心肾阳虚型急性心肌梗死患者TIMI血流分级、冠脉微循环及MACE的影响

目的探讨回阳复脉汤辅助经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术对心肾阳虚型急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)血流分级、冠脉微循环及主要心血管不良事件(MACE)的影响。方法选取2021年3月至2023年3月驻马店市中医院收治的86例AMI患者进行前瞻性随机平行对照研究,按随机数表法分为PCI组和联合组各43例。PCI组患者予以PCI术,联合组患者予以回阳复脉汤辅助PCI术。比较两组患者PCI术后TIMI血流分级、冠脉血流储备(CFR)、微循环阻力指数(IMR)、TIMI心肌灌注帧数(TMPFC)、内皮素-1(ET-1)、一氧化氮(NO)、P选择素、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物(PAI-1)、血小板α颗粒膜糖蛋白(CD62P)、安全性及MACE发生率。结果联合组患者的TIMI血流分级Ⅰ级0例,Ⅱ级0例,Ⅲ级43例,优于PCI组的Ⅰ级1例,Ⅱ级6例,Ⅲ级36例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);联合组患者PCI术后即刻CFR为2.94±0.28,明显高于PCI组的2.60±0.31,IMR、TMPFC分别为12.15±2.84、(92.00±3.24)帧,明显低于PCI组的14.77±3.56、(95.18±4.67)帧,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);联合组患者PCI术后即刻和术后5 d的ET-1分别为(132.41±19.67)ng/L、(113.02±14.76)ng/L,明显低于PCI组的(151.33±38.95)ng/L、(148.51±40.00)ng/L,NO分别为(62.43±13.55)μmol/L、(67.89±11.22)μmol/L,明显高于PCI组的(50.68±16.24)μmol/L、(52.03±15.49)μmol/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);联合组患者PCI术后即刻和术后5 d的P选择素、NLR、hs-CRP、IL-6水平均明显低于PCI组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);联合组患者PCI术后即刻和术后5 d的PAI-1、CD62P分别为(9.33±1.20)μg/L、(8.08±1.33)μg/L;(45.37±5.38)%、(40.05±4.27)%,明显低于PCI组的(12.00±1.87)μg/L、(11.17±1.65)μg/L;(48.40±6.29)%、(45.59±5.31)%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);联合组患者的MACE总发生率为2.38%,明显低于PCI组的18.60%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论回阳复脉汤辅助PCI术能改善心肾阳虚型AMI患者的TIMI血流分级、冠脉微循环、血管内皮功能及炎症反应,优化纤溶凝血系统,减少MACE的发生,增加患者临床获益。

重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂在急性心肌梗死治疗中的效果研究

目的探究急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者应用重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)治疗的临床效果。方法选择80例AMI患者,依据随机原则分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组接受尿激酶溶栓治疗,观察组接受rt-PA治疗。比较两组临床疗效、血清指标[肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、超敏肌钙蛋白I(hs-cTnI)、肌红蛋白(Mb)、氨基末端脑利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)]、心功能指标[左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)]、预后情况。结果观察组治疗总有效率92.50%高于对照组的75.00%(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组CK-MB、hs-cTnI、Mb、NT-proBNP比较无差异(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组CK-MB(43.41±10.39)U/L、hs-cTnI(9.85±2.26)ng/ml、Mb(158.43±18.19)μg/L、NT-proBNP(903.89±122.15)pg/ml均低于对照组的(54.58±9.58)U/L、(15.43±2.67)ng/ml、(245.68±23.85)μg/L、(1215.46±233.89)pg/ml(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组LVEF、LVESD、LVEDD比较无差异(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组LVEF(74.78±4.35)%大于对照组的(65.72±2.87)%,LVESD(31.37±1.89)mm、LVEDD(49.32±1.79)mm小于对照组的(36.74±2.27)、(55.25±2.26)mm(P<0.05)。两组死亡率、生存率比较无差异(P>0.05);观察组不良心血管事件发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论针对AMI患者,临床治疗时采用rt-PA,可明显提升临床效果,改善心肌酶学、心功能相关指标,且对不良心血管事件的控制也有较突出作用。

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死治疗中替奈普酶静脉溶栓的临床应用效果

目的观察急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者应用替奈普酶静脉溶栓的治疗效果。方法选取2022年6月至2023年6月尤溪县总医院收治的52例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者参与研究,通过随机数字表法分组。对照组(26例)应用常规治疗,观察组(26例)联合替奈普酶静脉溶栓治疗。观察患者心肌损伤、心功能指标、出血情况、生活质量、心血管不良事件等指标。结果观察组治疗后cTnI、CK-MB低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后LVEF、CI、舒张早期充盈峰速度高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组出血发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组躯体疼痛、生理机能、精力、社会功能、生理职能高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组心血管不良事件总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者采取替奈普酶静脉溶栓治疗效果良好,能够有效调节心肌损伤情况,有利于改善患者心功能,降低出血情况以及心血管不良事件,提升患者生活质量。

冠状动脉内溶栓在急性心肌梗死冠状动脉高血栓负荷患者中的应用效果探讨

目的探究冠状动脉内溶栓在急性心肌梗死冠状动脉高血栓负荷患者中的应用效果。方法选取200例急性心肌梗死冠状动脉高血栓负荷患者,随机分为观察组(常规治疗+冠状动脉内溶栓治疗)、对照组(常规治疗),各100例。比较两组治疗效果、心功能指标[左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)]改善情况、临床症状评分及术后冠状动脉心肌梗死溶栓治疗实验(TIMI)血流分级。结果观察组总有效率97%高于对照组的80%(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后LVEDD(50.14±3.21)mm、LVESD(45.58±4.06)mm均较对照组的(55.36±3.48)、(50.36±4.69)mm更小,LVEF(55.81±4.41)%较对照组的(50.23±3.56)%更高(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后胸痛评分(4.42±0.74)分、呼吸困难评分(4.57±0.51)分较对照组的(3.15±0.45)、(3.30±0.33)分明显更高(P<0.05)。观察组术后冠状动脉TIMI血流分级情况优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论冠状动脉内溶栓应用在急性心肌梗死冠状动脉高血栓负荷患者中可以获得更加显著的治疗效果,有利于改善心功能,减轻临床症状。

替罗非班联合尿激酶原预处理逆行溶栓对STEMI患者PCI后冠脉无复流的影响研究

目的探讨替罗非班联合重组人尿激酶原(rhPro-UK)预处理逆行溶栓对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后冠脉无复流的影响研究。方法选择2021年5月~2023年2月间收治的行PCI治疗的STEMI患者86例。根据随机分组原则分为对照组和观察组,各组43例。两组均采取PCI治疗,术中给予普通肝素钠、替罗非班,对照组注入rhPro-UK进行常规溶栓。观察组由犯罪血管远端到近端注入rhPro-UK进行逆行溶栓。比较两组术后心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)血流分级、2 h ST段回落率(STR)、冠脉无复流及慢血流(NR/SF)发生率,术后住院期间B型利钠肽(BNP)、肌钙蛋白(cTnI)、左室射血分数(LVEF),随访3个月,比较两组TIMI大出血事件及主要不良心血管事件(MACEs)发生率。结果观察组PCI术后TIMI血流分级优于对照组,STR回落率高于对照组,NR/SF发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后住院期间BNP峰值、cTnI峰值均低于对照组,LVEF峰值高于对照组(P<0.05);两组随访期间均未发生TIMI大出血,观察组MACEs发生率(心衰再住院2例)低于对照组(心源性死亡1例,心衰再住院8例),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论替罗非班联合重组人尿激酶原预处理逆行溶栓可显著改善STEMI患者PCI术后血流复流情况及左室射血功能,降低冠脉无复流及慢血流与不良心血管事件等发生率,且不增加出血风险。

重组人尿激酶原注射辅助急诊PCI治疗急性STEMI患者的效果及对心肌微循环指标、心功能的影响

目的:探讨重组人尿激酶原注射辅助急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)的效果及对心肌微循环指标、心功能的影响。方法:选取2021年7月—2022年12月重庆市开州区人民医院收治的84例急性STEMI患者作为研究对象,按照随机数表法将患者分为对照组和观察组,各42例。对照组给予急诊PCI治疗,观察组于对照组基础上加用重组人尿激酶原注射治疗。比较两组临床疗效、心肌微循环指标、心功能及不良事件。结果:观察组临床总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组磷酸肌酸同工酶(creatine kinase-MB,CK-MB)峰值、CK-MB峰值时间、左室收缩末期内径(left ventricular end systolic diameter,LVESD)、左室收缩末期容积(left ventricular end systolic volume,LVESV)、左室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end diastolic dimension,LVEDD)均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良事件总发生率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:重组人尿激酶原注射辅助急诊PCI治疗急性STEMI患者的效果确切,能有效改善心肌微循环指标,促进心功能提升,且安全性高。

血浆H-FABP、TAFI、PAI-1变化对STEMI静脉溶栓患者治疗后血管再通的预测价值

目的:探讨血浆心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)、凝血酶激活的纤溶抑制物(TAFI)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(PAI-1)的变化对ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死(STEMI)静脉溶栓患者治疗后血管再通的预测价值。方法:回顾性分析滨州医学院烟台附属医院2017年5月—2022年5月收治的150例STEMI患者的临床资料,另选取150例同期健康体检者临床资料作为对照组,STEMI患者按血管再通标准分为再通组89例和未通组61例。比较STEMI患者溶栓前与对照组血浆H-FABP、TAFI、PAI-1水平,比较再通组与未通组临床资料,比较STEMI患者溶栓前后各时间点血浆水平变化,分析上述血浆水平对患者血管再通的预测价值并绘制受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线。结果:STEMI患者溶栓前血浆H-FABP、TAFI、PAI-1均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与溶栓前比较,溶栓后1、3、9、12 h再通组与未通组血浆H-FABP、TAFI、PAI-1水平呈先升高,后降低趋势。溶栓后3 h再通组H-FABP水平高于未通组,溶栓后9、12 h再通组均低于未通组(P<0.05);溶栓后1、3 h再通组TAFI均高于未通组,溶栓后9、12 h再通组均低于未通组(P<0.05);溶栓后3、9、12 h再通组PAI-1水平均高于未通组(P<0.05)。H-FABP、TAFI、PAI-1联合检测预测STEMI患者血管再通的曲线下面积(AUC)值高于单项检测(P<0.05)。结论:血浆H-FABP、TAFI、PAI-1联合检测对STEMI静脉溶栓患者血管再通的预测价值较高。

依达拉奉右莰醇联合尿激酶静脉溶栓对急性脑梗死患者治疗效果及血清学指标的影响

目的探讨依达拉奉右莰醇联合尿激酶静脉溶栓对急性脑梗死患者治疗效果及其对血清学指标的影响。方法非随机选取首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院南充医院(南充市中心医院)2021年8月—2023年8月收治的92例急性脑梗死患者。按治疗方法分为两组,各46例。对照组采用尿激酶经静脉给药进行溶栓治疗,观察组使用依达拉奉右莰醇和尿激酶联合治疗。比较两组临床疗效、脑血液流变学指标、神经和炎症因子水平、日常生活活动能力及精神状态。结果观察组总有效率为97.83%(45/46),高于对照组的80.43%(37/46),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.180,P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组脑血液流变学指标、神经因子、炎症因子水平、日常生活活动能力评分、精神状态评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论依达拉奉右莰醇联合尿激酶静脉溶栓可明显改善急性脑梗死的临床效果,改善脑血液流变学指标,调节神经因子与炎性因子水平,改善患者的日常生活活动能力和精神状态。