A Study of the Causes of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage

Objective:To analyze the risk factors for death during hospitalization in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding(GIB).Methods:260 patients with AMI complicated by GIB who were admitted to the cardiology department of a hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.27 patients who died during hospitalization were designated as the control group and the 233 patients who survived as the observation group.Baseline data and clinical indexes of patients in the two groups were compared,and multifactorial logistic regression was applied to analyze the risk factors for death during hospitalization in patients with AMI complicated by GIB.Results:Univariate analysis showed that the control group had higher proportions of patients with Killip classification III to IV on admission,new arrhythmias,and mechanical complications,as well as higher heart rates,white blood cell counts,urea nitrogen,and creatinine levels.The proportion of patients who received transfusion therapy during hospitalization was also higher in the control group.Conversely,the control group had lower systolic and left ventricular ejection fraction rates compared to the observation group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Multifactorial logistic regression analysis revealed that new-onset arrhythmia(OR=2.724,95%CI 1.289-5.759),heart rate>100 beats/min(OR=3.824,95%CI 1.472-9.927),left ventricular ejection fraction<50%(OR=1.884,95%CI 0.893-3.968),BUN level(OR=1.029,95%CI 1.007-1.052),and blood transfusion(OR=3.774,95%CI 1.124-6.345)were independently associated with an increased risk of death during hospitalization in patients with AMI complicated by GIB.Conclusions:New arrhythmia,heart rate>100 beats/min,left ventricular ejection fraction<50%,elevated BUN levels,and blood transfusion are risk factors for death during hospitalization in patients with AMI complicated by GIB.

Potassium variability during hospitalization and outcomes after discharge in patients with acute myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND The variability of metabolic biomarkers has been determined to provide incremental prognosis information,but the implications of electrolyte variability remained unclear.METHODS We investigate the relationships between electrolyte fluctuation and outcomes in survivors of acute myocardial infarction(n=4386).Ion variability was calculated as the coefficient of variation,standard deviation,variability independent of the mean(VIM)and range.Hazard ratios(HR)were estimated using the multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional regression method.RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12 months,161(3.7%)patients died,and heart failure occurred in 550(12.5%)participants after discharge,respectively.Compared with the bottom quartile,the highest quartile potassium VIM was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality(HR=2.35,95%CI:1.36–4.06)and heart failure(HR=1.32,95%CI:1.01–1.72)independent of cardiac troponin I(c Tn I),N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide(NT-pro BNP),infarction site,mean potassium and other traditional factors,while those associations across sodium VIM quartiles were insignificant.Similar trend remains across the strata of variability by other three indices.These associations were consistent after excluding patients with any extreme electrolyte value and diuretic use.CONCLUSIONS Higher potassium variability but not sodium variability was associated with adverse outcomes post-infarction.Our findings highlight that potassium variability remains a robust risk factor for mortality regardless of clinical dysnatraemia and dyskalaemia.

Predictors and in-hospital prognosis of recurrent acute myocardial infarction

为了调查作出贡献的因素和病人的在里面医院预后与或没有周期性的尖锐心肌的梗塞(AMI ) ， 1686 个连续 AMI 病人全部的 .MethodsA 承认到 2015 年 12 月的从 2010 年 1 月的医院被招募到北京大学民族。他们的临床的特征回顾地与或没有周期性的 AMI 在病人之间被作比较。然后 multivariable 逻辑回归被用来估计周期性的心肌的 infarction.ResultsRecurrent AMI 病人的预言者更旧(69.3 #

Autonomic function and ventricular tachyarrhythmias during acute myocardial infarction

Most cases of sudden cardiac death are attributed to sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias(VTs), triggered by acute coronary occlusion. Autonomic dysfunction, an important arrhythmogenic mechanism in this setting, is being actively investigated, aiming at the advent of preventive strategies. Recent experimental studies have shown vagal withdrawal after anterior myocardial infarction, coinciding with high incidence of VTs, followed by more gradual sympathetic activation coinciding with a second arrhythmia peak. This article summarizes recent knowledge on this intriguing topic, generating hypotheses that can be investigated in future experimental and clinical studies.

Total ischemic time and outcomes for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction： does time of admission make a difference？

ObjectiveTo 调查录取时间是否与圣举起心肌的梗塞(STEMI ) 在病人与灌注治疗和在里面医院死亡的延期被联系进入紧急情况部门并且在在 2012 年 4 月和 2015 年 3 月之间的北京大学民族医院经历了主要经皮的冠的干预的有 STEMI 的 .MethodsAll 病人被包括。我们在在病人之间的死亡在在常规小时期间承认的不值勤的时间或时期和那些期间承认了的临床的特征，全部的 ischemic 时间，和在里面医院检验了差别。Multivariate 逻辑回归被用来估计在不值勤的时间或时期录取和临床的 outcome.ResultsThe 样品之间的关系包括了 184 和 105 个病人， STEMI 分别地在不值勤的时间或时期和常规小时期间承认了到医院。全部的 ischemic 和 onset-to-door 时间在比在在常规小时期间承认的那些之中在不值勤的时间或时期期间招收的病人是显著地更短的(所有 P &#x0003c；0.05 ) 。Door-to-balloon (DTB ) 时间， DTB 时间 &#x02264 的率；90 min，和在里面医院死亡在组之间是可比较的。Multivariate 逻辑回归显示出那年龄和 creatinine 水平，然而并非不值勤的时间或时期承认，与增加的在里面医院 death.ConclusionsOff 小时承认独立地被联系没导致推迟的灌注在有 STEMI 的病人的治疗或增加的在里面医院死亡。进一步的努力应该集中于识别与医院前和灌注治疗的在里面医院延期联系的枢轴的因素，并且为灌注节目实现优秀改进行动。

Impact of gout on in-hospital outcomes of acute coronary syndrome-related hospitalizations and revascularizations: Insights from the national inpatient sample

BACKGROUND Previous studies have established a role of gout in predicting risk and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, large-scale data on the impact of gout on inpatient outcomes of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)-related hospitalizations and post-revascularization is inadequate. AIM To evaluate the impact of gout on in-hospital outcomes of ACS hospitalizations, subsequent healthcare burden and predictors of post-revascularization inpatient mortality. METHODS We used the national inpatient sample (2010-2014) to identify the ACS and goutrelated hospitalizations, relevant comorbidities, revascularization and postrevascularization outcomes using the ICD-9 CM codes. A multivariable analysis was performed to evaluate the predictors of post-revascularization in-hospital mortality. RESULTS We identified 3144744 ACS-related hospitalizations, of which 105198 (3.35%) also had gout. The ACS-gout cohort were more often older white males with a higher prevalence of comorbidities. Coronary artery bypass grafting was required more often in the ACS-gout cohort. Post-revascularization complications including cardiac (3.2% vs 2.9%), respiratory (3.5% vs 2.9%), and hemorrhage (3.1% vs 2.7%) were higher whereas all-cause mortality was lower (2.2% vs 3.0%) in the ACSgout cohort (P < 0.001). An older age (OR 15.63, CI: 5.51-44.39), non-elective admissions (OR 2.00, CI: 1.44-2.79), lower household income (OR 1.44, CI: 1.17- 1.78), and comorbid conditions predicted higher mortality in ACS-gout cohort undergoing revascularization (P < 0.001). Odds of post-revascularization inhospital mortality were lower in Hispanics (OR 0.45, CI: 0.31-0.67) and Asians (OR 0.65, CI: 0.45-0.94) as compared to white (P < 0.001). However, postoperative complications significantly raised mortality odds. Mean length of stay, transfer to other facilities, and hospital charges were higher in the ACS-gout cohort. CONCLUSION Although gout was not independently associated with an increased risk of postrevascularization in-hospital mortality in ACS, it did increase postrevascularization complications.

Pre-hospital care-seeking in patients with acute myocardial infarction and subsequent quality of care in Beijing

Background Cumulative evidence demonstrates that primary percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI）is a mperfusion strategy for ST-elevation myocardial Infarction（STEMI）.This study was undertaken to evaluate the pre-hospital care-seeking pathway and subsequent care quality in patients with STEMI in the Beijing health care system,which offers patients a choice between seeking care in a small community hospital（SH group）or a large hospital（LH group）.Methods Between January 1 and December 31,2006, a cross-sectional and multicenter survey was conducted in 11 hospitals qualified as tertiary centers in Beijing and included consecutive patients with STEMI admitted within 24 hours after onset of symptoms.Results Among the 566 patients interviewed,28.3%first arnved at a small community hospitaI and were transferred to large hospitals with the ability to perform primary PCI.The median total pre-hospital delay in the SH group（n=160）was significantly longer than in the LH group（n=406）（225 vs.120 minutes,P〈0.001）.Multivariate analysis showed that interpreting symptoms to non-cardiac origin（OR,1.996;95%CI： 1.264-3.155）,absence of history of myocardial infarction（OR,1.595;95%CI：1.086-3.347）,non-health insuranca coverage（OR,1.931;95%Cl：1.079-3.012）and absence of sense of impending doom （OR,4.367;95%CI：1.279-1 4.925） were independent predictors for choosing small hospitals.After adjusting for demographics and medical history,patients in the SH group were 1.698 times（95% CI： 1.1 82-3.661） less likely to receive primary PCI compared with those in the LH group. Conclusions Above one fourth of the STEMI patients in Beijing experienced inter-hospital transfer.Factors including symptoms interpretation,symptoms,history of myocardial infarcUon,and insurance coverage were associated with the patients＇pre-hospital care-seeking pathway.The patients who were transferred had longer pre-hospital delays and were less Iikely to receive primary PCI.

Factors influencing pre-hospital delay among patients with acute myocardial infarction in Iran

Background Acute myocardial infarction （AMI） is the leading cause of morbidity and disability among Iranian population. Pre-hospital delay is an important cause of increasing early and also late mortality in AMI. Thus the aim of the present study was to identify the factors influencing pre-hospital delay among patients with AMI in Iran. Methods Between August 2010 and May 2011, a cross-sectional and single-center survey was conducted on 162 consecutive patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） admitted to Cardiac Care Unit （CCU） of Dr. Heshmat Hospital, Rasht. All patients were interviewed by the third author within 7 days after admission by using a four-part questionnaire including socio-demographic, clinical, situational and cognitive factors. Data were analyzed by descriptive and Logistic regression model at P 〈 0.05 using SPSS 16. Results Mean age was （60.11±12.29） years in all patients. Majority of patients （65.4%） were male. The median of pre-hospital delay was 2 hours, with a mean delay of 7.4 hours （±16.25 hours）. Regression analysis showed that admission in weekend （P 〈0.04, 0R=1.033, 95% Cl=1.187-2.006） and misinterpretation of symptoms as cardiac origin （P 〈0.002, OR=1.986, 95% Cl=1.254-3.155） and perceiving symptoms to not be so serious （P 〈0.003, OR=3.264, 95% Cl=1.492-7.142） were factors influencing pre-hospital delay 〉 2 hours. Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of cognitive factors on decision-making process and pre-hospital delays. Health care providers can educate the public on AMI to enable them recognize the signs and symptoms of AMI correctly and realize the benefits of early treatment.

Gensini评分、全身炎症指数对急性心肌梗死患者死亡事件的预测价值

目的本研究旨在回顾性探索急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者的Gensini评分、全身炎症指数(SII)对其随访期间出现死亡事件预后的预测价值。方法在入院时收集123例AMI患者的血液样本,观察血常规计数、血脂水平、急性心肌梗死用药情况以及合并疾病情况。采用多因素Logistic回归分析确定AMI近期院内死亡事件和随访期间死亡事件发生的危险因素,进一步通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析危险因素的对于AMI死亡事件的预测效能和预测临床结局的阈值。结果AMI死亡组在年龄、中性粒细胞计数、SII、DD二聚体、CRP、Gensini评分均高于生存组,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在多因素logistic回归分析可见:Gensini评分、SII是AMI患者死亡风险的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析中发现Gensini评分、SII的曲线下的最大面积分别为0.746、0.741(P<0.05),Gensini评分预测临床结局的阈值为75(灵敏度76.92%,特异性62.88%),预测临床结局的阈值为1304.21(×10^(9)/L)(灵敏度65.38%,特异性78.35%),两者联合后ROC曲线下面积进一步增加到0.847。结论Gensini评分、SII是AMI患者死亡风险的独立危险因素,两者联合可以更好地预测AMI患者死亡事件发生。

基于时间节点为导向的院内快速急救模式在急性心肌梗死中的应用

目的 分析基于时间节点为导向的院内快速急救模式在急性心肌梗死(AMI)应用方面的效果。方法 挑选2020年1月—2021年6月新疆医科大学第一附属医院治疗的AMI患者597例设为对照组,实施常规急救护理干预,选取2021年7月—2022年12月急诊收治的597例AMI患者设为观察组,实施基于时间节点为导向的院内快速急救模式干预。比较两组救治流程时间、心肌酶谱水平、抢救效果及护理满意度情况。结果 观察组分诊时间、完成院内首份心电图时间、急诊球囊开通时间、急诊室停留时间、经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术治疗时间均比对照组短(P<0.05)。出院前1 d观察组心肌酶谱指标心肌肌钙蛋白(cTnT)和肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB)水平均比对照组低(P<0.05)。观察组住院时间比对照组短(P<0.05),并发症出现的概率及病死率方面,观察组(分别为3.69%、1.68%)均比对照组(11.22%、7.71%)低(P<0.05)。观察组护理总满意度(95.64%)比对照组(79.06%)高(P<0.05)。结论 基于时间节点为导向的院内快速急救模式在了AMI患者救治过程中能有效缩短各个救治流程时间,减少心肌损伤,提升救治效果及护理满意度,改善患者预后。

急性心肌梗死并发消化道出血患者住院死亡的危险因素分析

目的探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)并发消化道出血(GIB)患者住院期间死亡的危险因素。方法以2012年1月至2023年4月于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院诊断为AMI并发GIB患者为研究对象,将其中住院期间死亡的53例患者纳入死亡组,存活的223例患者纳入存活组。通过单因素分析及多因素logistic回归模型筛选AMI并发GIB患者住院期间死亡的危险因素。结果单因素分析结果显示,死亡组患者入院时的Killip分级高级别比例、新发心律失常和机械性并发症比例、心率、白细胞、尿素氮及肌酐水平以及住院期间接受输血治疗比例均高于存活组,收缩压及左心室射血分数低于存活组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,新发心律失常(OR=2.673,95%CI 1.267~5.636)、心率>100次/min(OR=3.765,95%CI 1.448~9.790)、尿素氮水平(OR=1.118,95%CI 1.013~1.234)以及输血(OR=2.451,95%CI 1.109~5.421)与AMI并发GIB患者住院期间死亡风险增加独立相关。结论新发心律失常、心率>100次/min、尿素氮水平、输血是AMI并发GIB患者住院期间死亡的危险因素。

急性心肌梗死患者体重指数与院内死亡的关联研究

目的 探讨急性心肌梗死患者不同体重指数(body mass index,BMI)水平与院内死亡的关联,并评估代谢和炎症在此关联中的作用。方法 纳入2017年1月至2022年12月首都医科大学宣武医院入院的急性心肌梗死患者,收集年龄、性别等临床资料,应用logistic回归模型,评估不同BMI水平与院内死亡的关联,进一步纳入代谢和炎症因素,评估其中介效应。结果 本研究共纳入2928例患者,其中男性2289例,女性639例;患者平均年龄为(63.2±12.5)岁。校正年龄、性别、吸烟、既往心肌梗死病史、心肌梗死类型、再灌注治疗、估算肾小球滤过率(estimated glomerular filtration rate,eGFR)、病变冠状动脉血管数量、肌钙蛋白Ⅰ峰值、左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)后,肥胖患者院内死亡风险高于正常体重患者,差异有统计学意义(OR=3.54,95%CI 1.30~9.63,P=0.01),超重患者与正常体重患者院内死亡风险差异无统计学意义。进一步校正代谢因素后结果和校正前一致,进一步校正高敏C反应蛋白后,肥胖患者与正常体重患者院内死亡风险差异不再有统计学意义。结论 本研究未能发现肥胖对急性心肌梗死患者的保护作用,相反,肥胖患者院内死亡风险较正常体重患者更高,应重视肥胖急性心肌梗死患者的管理,抗炎治疗对不同BMI水平急性心肌梗死患者的作用有待进一步研究。

临床衰弱指数对急性心肌梗死患者在院心脏康复后远期预后的预测价值

目的·探讨临床衰弱指数(Clinical Frailty Scale,CFS)对急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者在院心脏康复(cardiac rehabilitation,CR)后远期预后的预测价值。方法·序贯纳入2020年5月至2022年5月在上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院心脏中心接受诊治的501例AMI患者。采集患者基本临床信息,制定分级在院CR方案。根据患者出院前的CFS等级将患者分为3组,即正常(norm)组、脆弱(vulnerable)组和衰弱(frail)组,比较3组患者1年主要心血管事件率,包括全因死亡率及心力衰竭(心衰)再住院率。采用Logistic回归分析研究影响主要心血管事件率的危险因素,通过受试者操作特征(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线分析各危险因素对主要心血管事件率的预测价值,建立最佳风险预测模型。结果·AMI患者在院CR后衰弱程度与高龄、B型利钠肽前体峰值(peak pro-B-type natriuretic peptide,peak proBNP)呈正比,与性别差异呈反比(P<0.05)。随患者衰弱程度增加,两种事件率均增高;其中全因死亡率(分别为2.6%、5.6%、15.2%)的组间差异有统计学意义(P=0.002),心衰再住院率(分别为19.6%、22.2%、24.2%)的组间差异无统计学意义。两两比较,frail组全因死亡率显著高于norm组(P=0.004),但vulnerable组与norm组的差异无统计学意义。CFS分级能够敏感预测AMI患者1年后的全因死亡风险(β=1.89,OR=6.61,P=0.001),且叠加CFS分级的风险模型预测效应最佳(AUC=0.845,P=0.000)。结论·接受在院CR的AMI患者出院前进行CFS分级,有助于识别1年内全因死亡风险较高的人群。

升高的单核细胞/淋巴细胞比值与老年急性心肌梗死患者住院期间死亡风险相关

[目的]探讨升高的单核细胞/淋巴细胞比值(MLR)与老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者住院期间死亡风险之间是否相关。[方法]回顾性收集2015年12月─2021年12月在大连医科大学附属第二医院心血管内科住院治疗的老年AMI患者的病史资料,共1550例,其中发生住院期间死亡的患者共132例。主要包括性别、年龄、身高、体质量、血常规、血脂相关指标、空腹血糖、心肌酶、心肌梗死类型、估算的肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、住院期间结局、心力衰竭、糖尿病和高血压患病情况以及住院期间他汀类药物、抗血小板药物的使用情况。根据ROC曲线分析结果,将MLR>0.342的患者定义为高MLR组(n=699),MLR≤0.342的患者则定义为低MLR组(n=851)。[结果]高MLR组患者的年龄、白细胞计数、单核细胞计数、MLR、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、空腹血糖(FBG)、eGFR<60 mL/(min·1.73 m^(2))、男性患者、心力衰竭、住院期间发生全因死亡人数的比例均高于低MLR组(P<0.05),体质指数(BMI)、淋巴细胞计数、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)、eGFR>60 mL/(min·1.73 m^(2))、高血压、使用抗血小板类药物的人数均低于低MLR组(P<0.05)。多因素逻辑回归结果显示,高MLR与老年AMI患者住院期间死亡风险独立相关(OR=1.812,95%CI:1.106~2.969,P=0.018)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,MLR联合cTnI或FBG后其预测能力显著提升,ROC曲线下面积分别为0.789和0.739。限制性立方样条(RCS)分析结果显示,MLR与老年AMI患者住院结局之间存在线性的剂量-反应关系。[结论]升高的MLR与老年AMI患者住院期间死亡风险独立相关,临床医生可在日常诊疗中考虑使用MLR指标对这类患者进行风险分层和相关处置以改善其短期预后。

急性心肌梗死冠状动脉微循环阻力指数的影响因素分析

【目的】探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)冠脉微循环阻力指数(IMR)的影响因素。【方法】选择2019年3月至2021年6月本院收治的67例AMI患者,采用二分类法以IMR正常值25为界值将患者分为正常IMR组(对照组,n=29,IMR≤25)和观察组(n=38,IMR>25)。比较两组患者临床资料,采用Pearson相关性分析IMR与各临床因素之间的关系,应用多因素Logistic回归曲线分析各临床指标与高水平IMR的相关性。【结果】观察组患者年龄、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)及肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、病变血管长度高于对照组,术后TIMI血流分级、左室射血分数(LVEF)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,IMR与cTnI、年龄呈正相关(P<0.05),与术后TIMI血流分级、LVEF呈负相关(P<0.05);IMR与病变血管长度、CK-MB无显著相关性(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,cTnI、术后TIMI血流分级、LVEF是IMR的影响因素,其优势比(OR)(95%CI)分别为2.01(1.02~3.88)、1.03(0.87~1.95)、0.36(0.07~0.93),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。【结论】cTnI、术后TIMI血流分级、LVEF是AMI患者IMR的影响因素。

基于列线图建立急性心肌梗死老年患者经皮冠状动脉介入术术后医院感染风险预测模型及效能评价

目的 探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)老年患者经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后医院感染的危险因素,依此构建列线图预测模型并进行验证。方法 选择2021年3月至2023年3月在本院行PCI术的AMI老年患者228例,根据PCI术后有无医院感染,患者被分为感染组(32例)和未感染组(196例)。比较2组临床指标差异,二元Logistic回归分析影响因素,并构建列线图预测模型,建立受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估模型预测价值。结果 本研究发生术后医院感染的有32例患者,感染率为14%。共有35株病原菌被培养出来,其中革兰阳性菌9株,革兰阴性菌23株,真菌3株。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥70岁、气管插管、机械通气、留置导尿管、未使用抗菌药物、心功能分级≥Ⅲ级为AMI老年患者PCI术后医院感染的危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC分析结果显示,年龄、气管插管、机械通气、留置导尿管、使用抗菌药物、心功能分级、预测模型的曲线AUC分别为0.652、0.600、0.582、0.662、0.619、0.606、0.832,灵敏度分别为65.6%、85.7%、91.3%、73.0%、43.8%、65.6%、82.1%,特异度分别为64.8%、34.4%、25.0%、59.4%、80.1%、55.6%、68.7%。内部验证显示Bias-corrected预测曲线与Ideal线基本一致,决策曲线显示,该模型的阈值概率范围为0.01~0.96,其净收益率>0。结论 AMI老年患者PCI术后医院感染的主要危险因素包括年龄≥70岁、气管插管、机械通气、留置导尿管、未使用抗菌药物、心功能分级≥Ⅲ级,据此构建的列线图预测模型具有较高的灵敏度与特异度。

急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克发生院内死亡预测模型的建立

目的分析急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克(AMICS)发生院内死亡的影响因素并建立预测模型。方法选取2020年1月至2022年6月于牡丹江心血管病医院收治的251例AMICS患者,根据院内生存结局分为死亡组和存活组。收集AMICS患者临床资料,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析AMICS患者院内死亡的影响因素并构建预测模型,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析AMICS患者院内死亡预测模型的预测价值。结果251例AMICS患者院内死亡率为38.65%(97/251)。单因素分析显示,死亡组年龄≥60岁比例和乳酸(Lac)、心肌肌钙蛋白I、脑钠肽(BNP)、D-二聚体(D-dimer)、血肌酐、血尿素氮(BUN)水平高于存活组,收缩压(SBP)、左室射血分数(LVEF)低于存活组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥60岁和Lac、BNP、D-dimer、BUN升高为AMICS患者院内死亡的独立危险因素,SBP、LVEF升高为独立保护因素(P<0.05)。AMICS患者院内死亡的预测模型方程:y=1.246-0.757×年龄-0.053×SBP-0.073×LVEF+0.565×Lac+0.005×BNP+0.554×D-dimer+0.179×BUN。ROC曲线分析显示,该预测模型预测AMICS患者院内死亡的曲线下面积为0.905,敏感度和特异度分别为79.38%、88.96%。结论基于年龄、SBP、LVEF、Lac、BNP、D-dimer和BUN构建的AMICS患者院内死亡的预测模型,对AMICS患者院内死亡的预测价值较高。

新型炎症标志物评分与STEMI患者预后及风险模型构建

目的开发和评估新型炎症标志物综合评分预测ST段抬高型心肌梗死(acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)治疗后主要不良心脏事件(major adverse cardiac events,MACE)风险。方法选择2021年6月~2022年5月中国人民解放军总医院第三医学中心收治的256例STEMI患者。入院时收集其炎症标志物[中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、血小板与淋巴细胞比值(platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,PLR)、红细胞分布宽度与血小板比值(red blood cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio,RPR)、单核细胞与淋巴细胞比值(monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio,MLR)、单核细胞与高密度脂蛋白比值(monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio,MHR)和球蛋白与白蛋白比值(globulin-to-albumin ratio,GAR)]。采用最小绝对收缩和选择算子(least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,LASSO)确定MACE风险炎症标志物并基于回归系数构建新型炎症标志物综合评分,利用COX风险回归模型分析该评分与STEMI患者MACE风险间的关系。使用相关R包构建定量MACE风险的Nomogram模型。通过受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线、临床决策分析(clinical decision analysis,DCA)曲线评估模型预测性能和临床净收益。结果256例STEMI患者随访中位数为11个月,52例患者出现MACE,发生率为20.3%。基于NLR、MHR和PLR构建N.M.P评分[N.M.P评分=(0.900×NLR_(水平))+(0.102×MHR_(水平))+(0.039×PLR_(水平))]。多因素COX回归分析结果显示,N.M.P评分不受年龄和SYNTAX评分影响,与MACE风险独立相关(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,Nomogram模型预测半年、1年和1年半MACE风险的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.905、0.920和0.897。DCA曲线分析结果显示,Nomogram模型能提供显著意义的临床净收益。结论整合NLR、MHR和PLR开发的N.M.P评分能有效预测STEMI患者MACE风险。基于N.M.P评分结合年龄和SYNTAX评分构建的定量STEMI患者MACE风险的Nomogram模型有助于风险分层和制定二级预防策略。

血清Mb、GDF-15、ADAM9与35岁以下急性心肌梗死发生及心源性死亡的关系

目的 探讨血清肌红蛋白(Mb)、生长分化因子-15(GDF-15)、去整合素-金属蛋白酶9(ADAM9)与35岁以下急性心肌梗死(AMI)发生及心源性死亡的关系。方法 选取2016年1月至2023年1月内蒙古自治区人民医院收治的115例AMI患者作为AMI组,并根据观察期内(随访6个月)心源性死亡情况分为死亡组与存活组,另选同期60名健康体检者作为对照组。记录死亡组与存活组临床资料及入院时血清Mb、GDF-15、ADAM9水平并进行比较,采用Logistic回归方程分析35岁以下AMI患者心源性死亡发生的影响因子,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价血清Mb、GDF-15、ADAM9单独或联合对35岁以下AMI患者6个月内心源性死亡发生的预测价值。结果 AMI组患者的血清Mb、GDF-15、ADAM9水平均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);AMI组患者观察期内共发生心源性死亡30例,发生率26.07%;死亡组患者高血压占比及血清Mb、GDF-15、ADAM9水平明显高于存活组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,血清Mb、GDF-15、ADAM9水平升高是35岁以下AMI患者心源性死亡发生的危险因子(P<0.05);35岁以下AMI患者血清Mb、GDF-15、ADAM9两两正相关(P<0.05);血清Mb、GDF-15、ADAM9联合预测35岁以下AMI患者发生心源性死亡的AUC为0.877,高于三者单独预测的0.752、0.762、0.720(P<0.05)。结论 35岁以下AMI患者血清Mb、GDF-15、ADAM9明显升高,联合检测此三项指标对35岁以下AMI患者6个月内心源性死亡发生有较好的预测价值。

宿迁地区影响基层胸痛中心StoD时间的因素分析与对策研究

目的探讨宿迁地区基层胸痛中心发病至送达胸痛中心大门(symptom onset to door,StoD)时间的影响因素及对策。方法选择2022年1月—2023年6月宿迁市中西医结合医院胸痛中心收治的81例急性心肌梗死患者为研究对象。根据患者StoD时间分为≤6 h组50例与>6 h组31例。统计人口学资料以及相关影响因子,利用单因素分析与多因素logistic回归分析胸痛中心StoD时间的影响因素。结果2组疼痛程度评分、通过120入院还是自行来院、社区医生是否通过网络将心电图结果传输至胸痛中心、发病症状是否典型、家属态度是否积极、有无心血管疾病危险因素、是否夜间发病、发病地点与就诊医院的距离等指标比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析及多因素logistic回归分析显示,自行来院、发病症状不典型、有心血管疾病危险因素、夜间发病、发病地点与就诊医院距离远均是胸痛中心StoD时间的危险因素,家属态度积极为保护因素(P<0.05)。结论基层胸痛中心StoD时间受患者来院途径、症状表现以及发病时间等影响,而家属积极态度有利于缩短StoD时间,需提高家属对疾病的认识,发挥区域诊疗中心协同救治的作用,缩短StoD时间及提高救治效率。