Predictors of the outcomes of acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure

AIM： To identify the risk factors in predicting the out- come of acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure pa- tients. METHODS： We retrospectively divided 113 patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure-hepatitis B virus （ACLF-HBV） and without concurrent hepatitis C or D virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma into two groups according to their outcomes after anti-HBV therapy. Their demographic, clinical, and biochemical data on the day of diagnosis and after the first week of treatment were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher＇s exact test, and a multiple logistic regres- sion analysis. RESULTS： The study included 113 patients （87 men and 26 women） with a mean age of 49.84 years. Fifty- two patients survived, and 61 patients died. Liver failure （85.2%）, sepsis （34.4%）, and multiple organ failure （39.3%） were the main causes of death. Mul- tivariate analyses showed that Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation （APACHE） Ⅱ scores ≥ 12 [odds ratio （OR） = 7.160, 95% CI： 2.834-18.092, P 〈 0.001] and positive blood culture （OR = 13.520, 95% CI： 2.740-66.721, P = 0.001） on the day of diagnosis and model for end-stage liver disease （MELD） scores 28 （OR = 8.182, 95% CI： 1.884-35.527, P = 0.005） after the first week of treatment were independent predictors of mortality. CONCLUSION： APACHE II scores on the day of diag- nosis and MELD scores after the first week of anti-HBV therapy are feasible predictors of outcome in ACLF- HBV patients.

基于急性生理与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ的预见性干预模式在重症脓毒症患者治疗中的应用

目的:探讨急性生理与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分的预见性干预模式对重症脓毒症患者治疗指标的影响.方法:选取2022年1月至2023年5月本院收治的92例重症脓毒症患者作为研究对象.依据干预模式,将其分为研究组(n=46,给予基于APACHEⅡ评分的预见性干预)和对照组(n=46,给予常规干预).比较两组患者各项治疗指标.结果:研究组患者机械通气时间、抗菌药物使用时间、ICU住院时间短于对照组,住院费用比低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者干预6h后,中心静脉压、平均动脉压、中心静脉血氧浓度(ScvO_(2))、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、PaO_(2)与吸入氧分数(FiO_(2))的比率(PaO_(2)/FiO_(2))值高于对照组,心率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:基于APACHEⅡ评分的预见性干预模式可有效改善重症脓毒症患者的相关治疗指标,值得临床推广.

急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ评分联合血清糖化血红蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶水平评估急性胰腺炎患者病情严重程度及预后的价值

目的 探讨急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分、血清糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)对急性胰腺炎(AP)患者病情及预后的评估价值。方法 将2019年8月—2022年5月本院治疗的120例AP患者根据病情严重程度分为轻症组(n=33)、中度重症组(n=52)和重症组(n=35),根据预后分为生存组(n=86)和死亡组(n=34)。采用Pearson法分析AP患者APACHEⅡ评分与血清HbA1c、LDH水平的相关性;采用Logistic回归分析明确AP患者预后的影响因素;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析APACHEⅡ评分、HbA1c、LDH对AP预后的评估价值。结果 轻症组、中度重症组、重症组患者血清甘油三酯、HbA1c、LDH、APACHEⅡ评分、改良CT严重指数(MCTSI)评分逐渐增高,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血钙逐渐降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。AP患者APACHEⅡ评分、MCTSI评分与血清HbA1c、LDH水平均呈正相关(P<0.05)。甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血钙、MCTSI评分、HbA1c、LDH、APACHEⅡ评分是AP患者预后不良的影响因素(P<0.05)。APACHEⅡ评分联合血清HbA1c、LDH水平预测AP患者预后不良的曲线下面积为0.930,敏感度为91.18%,特异度为83.72%,优于各自单独预测(Z_(联合检测-HbA1c)=3.511、Z_(联合检测-LDH)=4.798、Z_(联合检测-APACHEⅡ评分)=2.134,P<0.001、P<0.001、P=0.033)。结论 血清HbA1c、LDH水平与病情严重程度密切相关,二者联合APACHEⅡ评分对AP患者预后有较好的预测价值。

感染性休克患者血清PAD2表达水平与APACHEⅡ评分的相关性分析

目的探讨感染性休克患者血清肽酰基精氨酸脱亚胺酶2(peptidylarginine deiminase type 2,PAD2)表达水平与急性生理学和慢性健康状况评价Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ,APACHEⅡ)评分的相关性。方法选取内江市第一人民医院2020年6月~2022年6月收治的103例感染性休克患者作为研究组,采用APACHEⅡ评分根据患者病情严重程度将其分为轻度组(n=9)、中度组(n=51)和重度组(n=13),另外选取103例同期在该院体检且一般资料与研究组患者相匹配的健康者作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定感染性休克患者血清PAD2表达水平;采用Spearman法分析感染性休克患者血清PAD2表达水平与APACHEⅡ评分的相关性;采用Logistic回归分析影响感染性休克患者病情严重程度的相关因素;采用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清PAD2对中重度感染性休克的诊断价值。结果研究组与对照组血肌酐(137.52±9.01μmol/L vs 112.22±8.67μmol/L)水平及血小板计数(74.58±5.19 vs 86.02±5.34)×109/L比较,差异具有统计学意义(t=20.535,15.591,均P<0.05);研究组患者血清PAD2表达水平(42.47±6.22 ng/ml)高于对照组(38.59±5.31 ng/ml),差异具有统计学意义(t=4.815,P<0.05);感染性休克患者血清PAD2表达水平和APACHEⅡ评分均随病情严重程度的增加而逐渐升高(F=3.777,176.582,均P<0.05);感染性休克患者血清PAD2表达水平与APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关(r=0.859,P<0.05);血肌酐(OR=1.927)、PAD2(OR=1.803)及APACHEⅡ评分(OR=1.657)均为发生中重度感染性休克的危险因素(均P<0.05),血小板计数(OR=0.781)则是发生中重度感染性休克的保护因素(P<0.05)。血清PAD2诊断中重度感染性休克的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.880,敏感度、特异度分别为75.73%(95%CI:0.701~0.826)和90.29%(95%CI:0.851~0.935),对中重度感染性休克具有较高的诊断价值。结论血清PAD2表达水平与APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关,且对中重度感染性休克具有较好诊断价值。

白介素-4联合APACHEⅡ评分对耐碳青霉烯鲍曼不动杆菌感染的预后评估价值

目的分析白介素-4(interleukin-4,IL-4)联合急性生理与慢性健康评分(acute physiology and chronic health evaluation,APACHEⅡ)对耐碳青霉烯鲍曼不动杆菌(carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii,CRAB)感染的预后评估价值。方法将2021年11月至2023年10月在广东医科大学附属医院接受治疗的143例CRAB感染患者设为研究组,取同期院内治疗的碳青霉烯敏感鲍曼不动杆菌感染患者49例为对照组,根据研究组患者的临床结局区分为死亡组(n=46)和存活组(n=97)。对比研究组与对照组、死亡组与存活组患者IL-4和APACHEⅡ评分差异,采用Pearson相关性分析的方式,计算CRAB感染患者血清IL-4水平同APACHEⅡ评分的相关性,并采用绘制受试者工作(receiver operating characteristic curves,ROC)曲线的方式评估IL-4、APACHEⅡ评分以及联合诊断在预测CRAB感染患者不良临床结局中的应用价值。结果死亡组患者的IL-4水平以及APACHEⅡ评分显著高于存活组患者,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示血清IL-4水平与APACHEⅡ评分具有明显的正相关性(r=0.093,P<0.001)。血清IL-4、APACHEⅡ评分以及联合检测对CRAB感染患者预后评估AUC分别为0.712(95%CI=0.606~0.817,P<0.001)、0.849(95%CI=0.763~0.936,P<0.001)和0.956(95%CI=0.927~0.985,P<0.001)。结论CRAB患者不良预后者血清IL-4和APACHEⅡ评分较存活组显著升高,可以考虑将血清IL-4和APACHEⅡ评分联合应用于此类患者预后评估中,有助于为其临床治疗提供参考。

NPR、HBP及APACHEⅡ评分对呼吸衰竭患者预后的评估价值

目的分析外周血中性粒细胞与血小板计数比值(NPR)、肝素结合蛋白(HBP)及急性生理与慢性健康评估(APACHEⅡ)评分在呼吸衰竭患者预后中的评估价值及意义。方法回顾性选取2021年5月~2023年5月在马鞍山十七冶医院重症医学科住院的呼吸衰竭患者140例,收集其临床资料,并于入院24 h内检测患者血小板计数(PLT)、HBP、D-二聚体、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血气[动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))]、APACHEⅡ评分等指标,根据观察终点(入院后28 d)存活情况将患者分为存活组(n=105例)与死亡组(n=35例),采用Pearson相关性分析法与logistic回归分析法观察各个指标之间及其与预后的相关性。结果死亡组PLT、PaO_(2)均低于存活组,NPR、HBP、D-二聚体、CRP、PaCO_(2)、APACHEⅡ评分均高于存活组,差异具有统计学意义(t=3.750、4.588、12.868、11.014、3.353、9.804、7.303、6.710,P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析得出,呼吸衰竭患者NPR、HBP、APACHEⅡ评分与PLT、PaO_(2)均呈负相关(P<0.05),与D-二聚体、CRP、PaCO_(2)均正相关(P<0.05);以入院后28 d的存活情况为因变量,以PLT、PaO_(2)、NPR、HBP、D-二聚体、CRP、PaCO_(2)、APACHEⅡ评分为自变量进行logistic回归分析得出,NPR、HBP、PaCO_(2)、APACHEⅡ评分为呼吸衰竭患者预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论呼吸衰竭患者预后不良发生率较为严重,NPR、HBP、PaCO_(2)、APACHEⅡ评分等指标水平较高,对患者预后评估具有较好价值,且临床需要对上述指标升高的患者引起重视,借助指标监测及诊治来改善患者预后。

脓毒症患者SAA、PCT、ALB水平及SII、APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分与预后的相关性研究

目的分析脓毒症患者淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)、降钙素原(PCT)、白蛋白(ALB)水平、系统免疫炎症指数(SII)评分、急性生理与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分、序贯器官衰竭(SOFA)评分与预后的相关性。方法回顾性分析2019年7月到2022年6月在陕西省人民医院诊治的100例脓毒症患者的临床资料。按照患者是否合并休克分为脓毒症组44例和脓毒症休克组56例,比较两组患者入院24 h的SAA、PCT、ALB水平和SII、APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分。按照28 d存活与否分为死亡组26例和生存组74例,比较两组患者入院24 h的SAA、PCT、ALB水平和SII、APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分。采用Spearman相关性分析法分析SAA、PCT、ALB水平及SII、APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分与预后的相关性。结果脓毒症休克组患者入院24 h的ALB水平为(21.58±4.49)g/L,明显低于脓毒症组的(37.09±6.25)g/L,SAA、PCT水平及SII、APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分分别为(473.81±90.47)mg/L、(68.90±12.21)μg/L、1463.26±105.29、(24.51±5.64)分、(19.56±5.02)分,明显高于脓毒症组的(350.23±95.14)mg/L、(50.38±11.42)μg/L、393.15±37.18、(10.52±3.11)分、(8.08±2.35)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);死亡组患者入院24 h的ALB水平为(17.46±3.95)g/L,明显低于存活组的(41.20±6.83)g/L,SAA、PCT水平及SII、APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分分别为(547.27±97.58)mg/L、(75.35±14.52)μg/L、2166.26±241.59、(27.84±6.36)分、(22.09±5.12)分,明显高于存活组(316.37±83.47)mg/L、(42.43±9.36)μg/L、273.29±56.27、(14.35±6.82)分、(13.51±4.55)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Spearman相关性分析结果显示,ALB与预后呈正相关(r=0.698,P<0.05),SAA、PCT、SII、APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分与预后呈负相关(r=-0.598、-0.607、-0.737、-0.564、-0.595,P<0.05)。结论脓毒症患者ALB水平明显高于脓毒症休克患者,SAA、PCT水平及SII、APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分明显低于脓毒症休克患者;脓毒症患者的ALB水平与预后呈正相关,SAA、PCT水平及SII、APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分与预后呈负相关。

Prognostic value of red blood cell distribution width for severe acute pancreatitis

BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)is a common condition in the intensive care unit(ICU)and has a high mortality.Early evaluation of the severity and prognosis is very important for SAP therapy.Recently,red blood cell distribution(RDW)was associated with mortality of sepsis patients and could be used as a predictor of prognosis.Similarly,RDW may be associated with the prognosis of SAP patients and be used as a prognostic indicator for SAP patients.AIM To investigate the prognostic value of RDW for SAP patients.METHODS We retrospectively enrolled SAP patients admitted to the ICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from June 2015 to June 2017.According to the prognosis at 90 d,SAP patients were divided into a survival group and a non-survival group.RDW was extracted from a routine blood test.Demographic parameters and RDW were recorded and compared between the two groups.The receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve was constructed and Cox regression analysis was performed to investigate the prognostic value of RDW for SAP patients.RESULTS In this retrospective cohort study,42 SAP patients were enrolled,of whom 22 survived(survival group)and 20 died(non-survival group).The baseline parameters were comparable between the two groups.The coefficient of variation of RDW(RDW-CV),standard deviation of RDW(RDW-SD),Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II(APACHE II)score,and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)score were significantly higher in the non-survival group than in the survival group(P<0.05).The RDW-CV and RDW-SD were significantly correlated with the APACHE II score and SOFA score,respectively.The areas under the ROC curves(AUCs)of RDW-CV and RDW-SD were all greater than those of the APACHE II score and SOFA score,among which,the AUC of RDW-SD was the greatest.The results demonstrated that RDW had better prognostic value for predicting the mortality of SAP patients.When the RDW-SD was greater than 45.5,the sensitivity for predicting prognosis was 77.8%and the specificity was 70.8%.Both RDW-CV and RDW-SD could be used as independent risk factors to predict the mortality of SAP patients in multivariate logistic regression analysis and univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis,similar to the APACHE II and SOFA scores.CONCLUSION The RDW is greater in the non-surviving SAP patients than in the surviving patients.RDW is significantly correlated with the APACHE II and SOFA scores.RDW has better prognostic value for SAP patients than the APACHE II and SOFA scores and could easily be used by clinicians for the treatment of SAP patients.

Prediction of the severity of acute pancreatitis on admission by urinary trypsinogen activation peptide: A meta-analysis

AIM: To undertake a meta-analysis on the value of urinary trypsinogen activation peptide (uTAP) in predicting severity of acute pancreatitis on admission.METHODS: Major databases including Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library were searched to identify all relevant studies from January 1990 to January 2013. Pooled sensitivity, specificity and the diagnostic odds ratios (DORs) with 95%CI were calculated for each study and were compared to other systems/biomarkers if mentioned within the same study. Summary receiver-operating curves were conducted and the area under the curve (AUC) was evaluated.RESULTS: In total, six studies of uTAP with a cut-off value of 35 nmol/L were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of uTAP for predicting severity of acute pancreatitis, at time of admission, was 71% and 75%, respectively (AUC = 0.83, DOR = 8.67, 95%CI: 3.70-20.33). When uTAP was compared with plasma C-reactive protein, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, AUC and DOR were 0.64 vs 0.67, 0.77 vs 0.75, 0.82 vs 0.79 and 6.27 vs 6.32, respectively. Similarly, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, AUC and DOR of uTAP vs Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II within the first 48 h of admission were found to be 0.64 vs 0.69, 0.77 vs 0.61, 0.82 vs 0.73 and 6.27 vs 4.61, respectively.CONCLUSION: uTAP has the potential to act as a stratification marker on admission for differentiating disease severity of acute pancreatitis.

Clinical significance of melatonin concentrations in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis

AIM: To assess the value of plasma melatonin in predicting acute pancreatitis when combined with the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation?II?(APACHEII) and bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) scoring systems.METHODS: APACHEII and BISAP scores were calculated for 55 patients with acute physiology (AP) in the first 24 h of admission to the hospital. Additionally, morning (6:00 AM) serum melatonin concentrations were measured on the first day after admission. According to the diagnosis and treatment guidelines for acute pancreatitis in China, 42 patients suffered mild AP (MAP). The other 13 patients developed severe AP (SAP). A total of 45 healthy volunteers were used in this study as controls. The ability of melatonin and the APACHEII and BISAP scoring systems to predict SAP was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The optimal melatonin cutoff concentration for SAP patients, based on the ROC curve, was used to classify the patients into either a high concentration group (34 cases) or a low concentration group (21 cases). Differences in the incidence of high scores, according to the APACHEII and BISAP scoring systems, were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: The MAP patients had increased melatonin levels compared to the SAP (38.34 ng/L vs 26.77 ng/L) (P = 0.021) and control patients (38.34 ng/L vs 30.73 ng/L) (P = 0.003). There was no significant difference inmelatoninconcentrations between the SAP group and the control group. The accuracy of determining SAP based on the melatonin level, the APACHEII score and the BISAP score was 0.758, 0.872, and 0.906, respectively, according to the ROC curve. A melatonin concentration ≤ 28.74 ng/L was associated with an increased risk of developing SAP. The incidence of high scores (≥ 3) using the BISAP system was significantly higher in patients with low melatonin concentration (≤ 28.74 ng/L) compared to patients with high melatonin concentration (> 28.74 ng/L) (42.9% vs 14.7%, P = 0.02). The incidence of high APACHEII scores (≥ 10) between the two groups was not significantly different.CONCLUSION: The melatonin concentration is closely related to the severity of AP and the BISAP score. Therefore, we can evaluate the severity of disease by measuring the levels of serum melatonin.

Association between acute pancreatitis and peptic ulcer disease

AIM:To evaluate the relationship between peptic ulcer disease(PUD) and acute pancreatitis.METHODS:A cohort of 78 patients with acute pancreatitis were included in this study.The presence of PUD and the Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) status were assessed by an endoscopic method.The severity of acute pancreatitis was assessed using Ranson's score,the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE) □ score,computed tomography severity indexand the clinical data during hospitalization,all of which were compared between the patients with and without PUD.The risk factors for PUD were also evaluated.RESULTS:Among 78 patients,41 patients(52.6%) with acute pancreatitis suffered from PUD,but only 13(31.7%) patients with PUD were infected by H.pylori.On univariate analysis,male gender,an etiology of alcohol-induced pancreatitis,a history of smoking or alcohol consumption,elevated triglyceride and C-reactive protein levels,and high APACHE □ score were signif icantly associated with PUD.However,on multivariate logistic regressionanalysis,the APACHE □ score(odds ratio:7.69;95% conf idence interval:1.78-33.33;P < 0.01) was found to be the only independent risk factor for PUD.CONCLUSION:Patients with acute pancreatitis are liable to suffer from PUD.PUD is associated with severeacute pancreatitis according to the APACHE □ score,and treatment for PUD should be considered for patients with severe acute pancreatitis.

Predictors of irreversible intestinal resection in patients with acute mesenteric venous thrombosis

BACKGROUND Acute mesenteric venous thrombosis(AMVT)can cause a poor prognosis.Prompt transcatheter thrombolysis(TT)can achieve early mesenteric revascularization.However,irreversible intestinal ischemia still occurs and the mechanism is still unclear.AIM To evaluate the clinical outcomes of and to identify predictive factors for irreversible intestinal ischemia requiring surgical resection in AMVT patients treated by TT.METHODS The records of consecutive patients with AMVT treated by TT from January 2010 to October 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.We compared patients who required resection of irreversible intestinal ischemia to patients who did not require.RESULTS Among 58 patients,prompt TT was carried out 28.5 h after admission.A total of 42(72.4%)patients underwent arteriovenous combined thrombolysis,and 16(27.6%)underwent arterial thrombolysis alone.The overall 30-d mortality rate was 8.6%.Irreversible intestinal ischemia was indicated in 32(55.2%)patients,who had a higher 30-d mortality and a longer in-hospital stay than patients without resection.The significant independent predictors of irreversible intestinal ischemia were Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE)II score(odds ratio=2.368,95% confidence interval:1.047-5.357,P=0.038)and leukocytosis(odds ratio=2.058,95% confidence interval:1.085-3.903,P=0.027).Using the receiver operating characteristic curve,the cutoff values of the APACHE II score and leukocytosis for predicting the onset of irreversible intestinal ischemia were calculated to be 8.5 and 12×10^9/L,respectively.CONCLUSION Prompt TT could achieve a favorable outcome in AMVT patients.High APACHE II score and leukocytosis can significantly predict the occurrence of irreversible intestinal ischemia.Therefore,close monitoring of these factors may help with the early identification of patients with irreversible intestinal ischemia,in whom ultimately surgical resection is required,before the initiation of TT.

Different phenotypes of monocytes in patients with newonset mild acute pancreatitis

AIM To evaluate the numbers of different subsets of monocytes and their associations with the values of clinical measures in mild acute pancreatitis(MAP) patients.METHODS The study included one group of 13 healthy controls and another group of 24 patients with new-onset MAP. The numbers of different subsets of monocytes were examined in these two groups of subjects by flow cytometry. The concentrations of plasma interleukin(IL)-10 and IL-12 were determined by cytometric bead array. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation(APACHE) II scores of individual patients were evaluated, and the levels of plasma C-reactive protein(CRP) as well as the activities of amylase and lipase were measured. RESULTS In comparison with that in the controls, significantly increased numbers of CD14+CD163-, CD14+CD163-MAC387+ M1 monocytes, but significantly reduced numbers of CD14+CD163+IL-10+ M2 monocytes were detected in the MAP patients(P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Furthermore, significantly higher levels of plasma IL-10 and IL-12 were observed in the MAP patients(P < 0.01 for all). More importantly, the levels of plasma CRP were positively correlated with the numbers of CD14+CD163-(R = 0.5009, P = 0.0127) and CD14+CD163-MAC387+(R = 0.5079, P = 0.0113) M1 monocytes and CD14+CD163+CD115+ M2 monocytes(R = 0.4565, P = 0.0249) in the patients. The APACHE II scores correlated with the numbers of CD14+CD163+CD115+(R = 0.4581, P = 0.0244) monocytes and the levels of plasma IL-10(R = 0.4178, P = 0.0422) in the MAP patients. However, there was no significant association among other measures tested in this population. CONCLUSION Increased numbers of CD14+CD163- and CD14+ CD163-MAC387+ monocytes may contribute to the pathogenesis of MAP, and increased numbers of CD14+CD163+CD115+ monocytes may be a biomarker for evaluating the severity of MAP.

Comparative analysis of APACHE-Ⅱ and P-POSSUM scoring systems in predicting postoperative mortality in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy

BACKGROUND Laparotomy remains one of the commonest emergency surgical procedures.Early prognostic evaluation would aid in selecting the high-risk patients for an aggressive treatment. Awareness about risks could potentially contribute to the quality of perioperative care and optimum utilization of resources. Portsmouth modification of Physiological and operative severity for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity(P-POSSUM) and the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE-Ⅱ) have been the most widely used scoring systems for emergency laparotomies. It is always better to have a single scoring system to predict outcomes and audit healthcare organizations.AIM To compare the ability of APACHE-Ⅱ and P-POSSUM to predict postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy.METHODS All patients undergoing emergency laparotomy at the Tata Main Hospital,Jamshedpur between December 2013 and November 2014 were included in the study. In this observational study, P-POSSUM and APACHE-Ⅱ scoring were done, and the outcome analysis evaluated with mortality being the primary outcome.RESULTS For P-POSSUM, at a cut off value of 63 to predict mortality using receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, the area under the curve was 0.989; and for APACHE-Ⅱ, at the cut off value of 24, the area under the curve was 0.965.CONCLUSION Because the ability of APACHE-Ⅱ to predict mortality was similar to P-POSSUM and APACHE-Ⅱ does not need scoring for intra-operative findings and histopathology reports, APACHE-Ⅱ can be used pre-operatively to assess the risk in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy. However, for audit purposes,either of the two scoring systems can be used.

NISS、APACHE-Ⅱ评分对伴严重腹部损伤的多发伤患者并发症及预后价值研究

目的探究新损伤严重度评分(NISS)及APACHE-Ⅱ评分对伴严重腹部损伤的多发伤患者并发症及预后判断的临床价值。方法选取本院2016-01—12间收治的66例伴严重腹部损伤的多发伤患者作为研究对象,对患者均采用NISS、APACHE-Ⅱ评分系统进行评估。依据救治结果不同,分为存活组和死亡组,比较分析评分系统及相关指标的差异。结果存活组的NISS、APACHE-Ⅱ评分均明显低于死亡组,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。NISS评分能准确预测伴严重腹部损伤的多发伤患者是否出现并发症,APACHE-Ⅱ评分能更准确预测此类患者的预后情况,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 NISS评分对伴严重腹部损伤患者并发症预测价值较高,APACHE-Ⅱ评分其预后预测价值较高,临床应该根据实际情况结合应用,提升预后。

纳洛酮辅助HFNC在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭中的应用效果

目的探究纳洛酮辅助经鼻高流量湿化氧疗(HFNC)在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法选取2020年1月—2023年1月收治的AECOPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭120例,按治疗方法分为对照组和研究组,每组60例。对照组给予HFNC,研究组给予纳洛酮辅助HFNC。比较2组临床疗效,治疗前后肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、FEV1/用力肺活量(FVC)、肺总量(TLC)]、临床症状[急性生理功能和慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分、格拉斯哥昏迷量表(GCS)评分]、动脉血气分析指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))]、炎症-应激指标[C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)]、血清颗粒蛋白前体(PGRN)、血管生成素-2(Ang-2)水平;记录2组不良反应发生情况。结果研究组治疗总有效率91.67%(55/60)高于对照组76.67%(46/60)(P<0.05)。研究组治疗3、7 d后FEV1、FEV1/FVC、TLC、GCS评分、PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)、SOD高于对照组,APACHEⅡ评分、PaCO_(2)及血清CRP、PCT、MDA、PGRN、Ang-2水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组不良反应总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采用纳洛酮辅助HFNC治疗AECOPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭能更有效改善患者肺功能及氧合状态,减轻炎症反应、氧化应激程度,下调血清PGRN、Ang-2水平,从而增强疗效,且具有一定安全性。

血清内皮细胞特异性分子-1、降钙素原水平变化与脓毒症患者APACHEⅡ评分的相关性及临床意义

目的探讨血清内皮细胞特异性分子-1(ESM-1)、降钙素原(PCT)水平变化与脓毒症患者急性生理与慢性健康评分(APACHEⅡ评分)的相关性及临床意义。方法选取2021年1月至2023年1月该院收治的100例脓毒症患者作为研究对象,根据入院28 d后预后情况分为病死组(21例)和存活组(79例)。比较病死组和存活组患者不同时间(入院时、治疗3 d后、治疗7 d后)血清ESM-1、PCT水平,以及不同严重程度患者入院时血清ESM-1、PCT水平及APACHEⅡ评分,分析入院时血清ESM-1、PCT水平与APACHEⅡ评分的相关性、入院28 d后病死的影响因素及治疗3、7 d后血清ESM-1、PCT水平,血清ESM-1、PCT水平联合检测对入院28 d后病死的预测价值。结果病死组患者治疗3、7 d后血清ESM-1、PCT水平均高于存活组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);轻度脓毒症患者入院时血清ESM-1、PCT水平及APACHEⅡ评分均低于重度脓毒症患者和脓毒症休克患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);入院时血清ESM-1、PCT水平与APACHEⅡ评分均呈正相关(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,治疗3、7 d后血清ESM-1、PCT水平升高是脓毒症患者入院28 d后病死的危险因素(P<0.05);受试者工作特征曲线分析结果显示,治疗3 d后血清ESM-1、PCT联合检测预测脓毒症患者入院28 d后病死的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.902,灵敏度、特异度分别为90.48%、78.48%;治疗7 d后血清ESM-1、PCT联合检测预测脓毒症患者入院28 d后病死的AUC为0.929,灵敏度、特异度分别为95.24%、83.54%。结论动态监测血清ESM-1、PCT水平有助于评估脓毒症患者的病情程度,且2项指标联合检测可有效预测其预后,可为临床治疗方案制订提供依据。

乳酸脱氢酶与白蛋白比值联合APACHEⅡ评分对女性生殖系统和乳腺恶性肿瘤重症患者预后的预测价值

目的探讨乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)与白蛋白比值(LAR)联合急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)对女性生殖系统和乳腺恶性肿瘤重症患者预后的预测价值。方法通过美国重症监护医学信息数据库(2.0版)获取2008年至2019年在ICU住院的女性生殖系统恶性肿瘤重症患者144例和乳腺恶性肿瘤重症患者360例共计491例的临床数据。依据随访1年时的预后情况,分为生存组249例和死亡组242例,比较两组患者的临床资料。应用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,运用单因素和多因素Cox回归分析探讨入ICU时LAR与患者临床结局间的关系。采用ROC曲线评估LAR、APACHEⅡ评分以及两者联合预测患者预后的效能。结果死亡组患者APACHEⅡ评分、LDH、LAR、红细胞分布宽度、AST、肌酐、PT均高于生存组,机械通气、肾脏替代治疗、去甲肾上腺素、心源性休克、脓毒性休克和急性肾损伤比例均高于生存组,而白蛋白和RBC均低于生存组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。生存曲线分析显示,随着LAR值的升高,患者的累积生存率降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。多因素Cox回归分析显示,高LAR水平(>15.51)是整体女性生殖系统和乳腺恶性肿瘤重症患者1年全因死亡率的独立危险因素(HR=2.495,95%CI:1.576~3.950,P<0.01)。女性生殖系统和乳腺恶性肿瘤重症患者的亚组分析结果也相似。ROC曲线分析结果表明,LAR、APACHEⅡ评分及两者联合预测女性生殖系统和乳腺恶性肿瘤重症患者1年全因死亡率的AUC分别为0.666、0.673和0.689,两者联合预测的AUC均优于APACHEⅡ评分、LAR单独预测。结论LAR水平增高是女性生殖系统和乳腺恶性肿瘤重症患者死亡风险增加的独立危险因素,联合APACHEⅡ评分对这类患者的预后有一定的预测价值。

早期运动干预对ICU患者谵妄的预防及APACHEⅡ的影响

目的探讨重症医学科(ICU)患者早期运动对预防谵妄及急性生理和慢性健康评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)影响。方法选择2020年1月—2021年12月本院240例入住ICU患者为研究对象,按照有无实施早期被动运动分为观察组和对照组两组,每组各120例。对照组患者施行常规床边运动,观察组患者进行标准化早期运动。比较两组患者谵妄发生率、初次出现谵妄时间、谵妄持续时间、干预前后APACHEⅡ评分、ICU住院天数和家属满意度。结果观察组患者谵妄发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者出现谵妄时间明显晚于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者谵妄持续时间明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预前,两组患者的APACHEⅡ评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后第5 d,观察组患者的APACHEⅡ评分较干预前明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组患者的APACHEⅡ评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后第10 d,两组患者的APACHEⅡ评分均较干预前明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组患者的APACHEⅡ评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者ICU住院天数低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者家属满意度高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早期床上运动可以降低ICU患者谵妄发病率及APACHEⅡ评分,值得临床推广应用。

联合检测外周血TIRAP、FOXO3a、HBP预测脓毒症患者近期预后的价值及意义

目的探讨联合检测外周血TOLL/白介素-1受体相关蛋白(TIRAP)、叉头蛋白转录因子3a(FOXO3a)、肝素结合蛋白(HBP)对脓毒症患者近期预后的预测价值。方法回顾性收集2020年1月—2022年12月本院205例脓毒症患者的临床资料,根据28 d生存情况分为生存组157例、死亡组48例。统计两组外周血TIRAP、FOXO3a、HBP及急性生理功能和慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)、序贯器官衰竭评估(SOFA)评分。分析TIRAP、FOXO3a、HBP与APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分的相关性。采用Logistic回归方程分析TIRAP、FOXO3a、HBP交互作用对脓毒症近期预后的影响。评价TIRAP、FOXO3a、HBP联合预测脓毒症近期预后的价值。结果死亡组入院第1、3、7天外周血TIRAP、HBP水平及APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分高于生存组,FOXO3a水平低于生存组(P<0.05);入院第1天,脓毒症死亡患者TIRAP、HBP水平与APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分呈正相关,FOXO3a与APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分呈负相关(P<0.05);TIRAP×FOXO3a×HBP在脓毒症近期预后中存在交互作用(P<0.05);入院第1天外周血TIRAP+FOXO3a+HBP联合预测预后的曲线下面积(AUC)大于TIRAP+FOXO3a、TIRAP+HBP、FOXO3a+HBP,预测效能更佳(P<0.05)。结论脓毒症预后不良患者外周血TIRAP、HBP水平升高,FOXO3a水平降低,其水平变化与病情严重程度、近期预后有关,联合检测其水平可提高近期预后的预测效能。